Gluconeogenesis
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GLUCONEOGÉNESIS INÉS SACCHI ÁREA BIOQUIMICA pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! OBJETIVOS DE LA CLASE Conocer la Gluconeogénesis: precursores, sustratos, reacciones y producto. Razonar los mecanismos de regulación alostérica y covalente de la vía. Comprender su importancia biológica en animales rumiantes y no rumiantes. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Papel principal en el metabolismo. CH2OH Su biosíntesis es una necesidad absoluta en todos los H H H HO OH H H OH OH mamíferos. Muchas células y órganos, eritrocitos, sistema nervioso central (cerebro) y periférico, requieren glucosa sanguínea como su principal fuente de combustible. Gluconeogénesis “gluco”= dulce, azúcar “neo” = nueva “génesis” = síntesis pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Definición: Biosíntesis de nueva glucosa a partir de sustratos y precursores que no son carbohidratos. Localización tisular y celular: Se lleva a cabo en: - Hígado (90%) - Riñón: corteza renal (10%) Está localizada: - Parte en la Mitocondria y parte en el Citosol. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Panorámica del metabolismo Carbohidratos Proteínas Monosacáridos Lípidos Glicerol Aminoácidos Ácidos grasos Glucosa Piruvato Acetil-CoA Oxaloacetato Ciclo de Krebs e- CO2 eNADH, FADH2 NH3 ADP ATP O2 H2O clave catabólica anabólica Flujo pdfMachine electrónico NAD+, FAD (oxidados) Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GENERALIDADES DE LA GLUCONEOGÉNESIS Ruta Universal que se encuentra en todos los animales. Es una ruta anabólica, reductiva, divergente e irreversible. Órganos: Hígado y Riñón. Bicompartimentada: mitocondria y citosol. 10/11 reacciones secuenciales enzimáticamente catalizadas. Todos los intermediarios están fosforilados. Tiene un elevado costo energético. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Tercer rodeo Glucosa G6P G6Pasa H2O Segundo rodeo F6P F16Pasa Glucólisis La degradación y síntesis Hexoquinasa de glucosa comparten 7 reacciones reversibles, pero NO las irreversibles Fosfofructoquinasa-1 (puntos de regulación). La ruta degradativa, es diferente de la biosintética. F1,6BP DHAP GAP H2O NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG PEPCK Primer rodeo Gluconeogénesis GTP OXA ATP PC Cuando está estimulada la ruta biosintética, está PEP inhibida la degradativa. Piruvato quinasa PIR pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi SUSTRATO: metabolito/s que inicia una vía metabólica. G6Pasa PRECURSOR: metabolito/s que por modificaciones químicas aportan los sustratos o intermediarios de una vía metabólica. H 2O Pi Glucosa G6P F6P F16Pasa H 2O TAG F1,6BP DHAP GAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG Glicerol AG CO2 PEPCK Intermediarios C de K Pi + NADH 2PG PEP GTP OXA PIR ATP PC CO2 Propionato Lac aa ← Proteínas → aa pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Rumen : fermentaciones ruminales Sustratos: - Piruvato (PIR) - Oxalacetato (OXA) Precursores: - Aminoácidos (aa) glucogénicos - Lactato (Lac) - Propionato (Propionil CoA) - Glicerol (Glic) Los mismos son aportados por: 1- el catabolismo proteico o degradación de proteínas que produce aa glucogénicos. 2- las fermentaciones ruminales que producen ácidos láctico/lactato y propiónico/propionato en rumiantes (bovinos, ovinos, caprinos). 3- el catabolismo de los lípidos (TAG) del cual se obtiene el Glic. Producto: - Glucosa pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi Glucosa G6Pasa G6P H2O Pi F6P F16Pasa H2O F1,6BP DHAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG CO2 PEPCK PEP Primer Rodeo OXA GTP PIR ATP PC CO2 pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GAP Primer Rodeo Objetivo: conversión del Piruvato en Fosfoenolpiruvato Su fosforilación se realiza mediante una secuencia de reacciones de rodeo que requiere la cooperación de enzimas tanto del citosol como de la mitocondria. CITOSOL 1 2 CO2 ATP Piruvato carboxilasa (PC) PIR PIR Malato deshidrogenasa Mit. (MDHm) PC OXA NADH MDH 3 Malato deshidrogenasa Cit. (MDHc) MDH 4 5 Fosfoenolpiruvato carboxiquinasa Cit. (PEPCKc) Fosfoenolpiruvato carboxiquinasa Mit. (PEPCKm) NAD MAL OXA PEPCK CO2 MAL GTP NAD PEPCK NADH GTP CO2 PEP PEP MITOCONDRIA pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! PRIMER RODEO Conversión de PIR en PEP PIR entra en la Mitocondria por su transportador específico. Se convierte en OXA (Oxalacetato), reacción de carboxilación que utiliza CO2 y ATP, catalizada por PC (Biotina como Coenzima). El OXA mitocondrial puede seguir 2 caminos: 1- conversión directa en PEP en la mitocondria (PEPCKm, decarboxilación y fosforilación), con utilización de GTP. 2- conversión en MAL (MDHm), reconversión citosólica en OXA (MDHc). Conversión en PEP en el citosol (PEPCKc – con utilización de GTP). pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! -O O C 1 C 2 3 CO2 ATP ADP + Pi -O O C 1 Biotina C CH3 O 2 O 3 Piruvato carboxilasa Piruvato (PIR) CH2 4 C -O O Oxaloacetato (OXA) pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GTP -O O C GDP CO2 -O Mg2+ O 1 C 1 C O 2 3 CH2 4 C -O O H Fosfoenolpiruvato carboxiquinasa C 2 3 OPO3= CH2 Fosfoenolpiruvato (PEP) OXA pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Primer rodeo -O CO2 C 1 C 2 3 -O ATP O O GDP CO2 C 1 ADP + Pi C 3 CH3 -O O C 1 H CH2 4 -O O 2 O Piruvato (PIR) GTP C 2 3 C OPO3= CH2 Fosfoenolpiruvato (PEP) O Oxaloacetato (OXA) G´= 0,9 kJ/mol G = - 25 kJ/mol pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi Glucosa G6Pasa G6P H2O Segundo Rodeo Pi F6P F16Pasa H2O F1,6BP DHAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG CO2 PEPCK PEP OXA GTP PIR ATP PC CO2 pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GAP Segundo Rodeo 6 =O POCH 3 2 5 H 1 H CH2OPO3= OH OH 4 H 6 2 3 H O3POCH2 H20 Pi 5 H Mg2+ Fructosa 1,6 bisfosfato (F1,6BP) H CH2OH 1 2 OH OH 4 H 3 H Fructosa 6 Fosfato (F6P) Fructuosa 1,6 Bisfosfatasa ÄG´º= - 16,3 kJ/mol Conversión de F1,6BP en F6P, por hidrólisis del Pi en C-1, catalizada por la FBPasa (Fructosa 1,6 Bifosfatasa). pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi Tercer Rodeo Glucosa G6Pasa G6P H2O Pi F6P F16Pasa H2O F1,6BP DHAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG CO2 PEPCK PEP OXA GTP PIR ATP PC CO2 pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GAP Tercer Rodeo CH2OH 6 CH2OPO3= 6 H 4 OH 5 H OH 3 H H 2 H20 Pi 4 Mg2+ 1 OH 3 OH OH OH 5 H Glucosa 6 Fosfatasa H Glucosa 6 Fosfato (G6P) H H 2 1 OH OH Glucosa Hepatocitos y células renales Conversión de G6P en Glucosa, por hidrólisis del Pi en C-6, catalizada por la G6Pasa (Glucosa 6 Fosfatasa). pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! En el retículo endoplásmico (ER) de los hepatocitos pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Glu Tercer rodeo Pi Glucosa 6 11 fosfatasa H2O GLUCOSA + 2 NAD+ 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi G6P 10 F6P ÄGº´= - 47,7 kJ/mol Pi Segundo Fructosa 1,6 9 bisfosfatasa rodeo H2O FBP 8 7 GAP NAD+ + Pi 6 1,3BPG 5 x2 PDHA NADH + H+ ADP + H+ ATP 3PG 4 ES UNA VÍA COSTOSA!!! 2PG H2O 3 PEP Fofoenolpiruvato Carboxiquinasa Primer (mit/cit) Balance Global de la Gluconeogénesis 2 OXA rodeo Piruvato 1 Carboxilasa (mit) PIR CO2 GDP GTP H+ ADP + Pi ATP HCO3- 2 PIR + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 4 H20 OXALOACETATO? pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! La Gluconeogénesis consume por cada mol de Glucosa sintetizada: 2 PIRUVATOS 2 OXA 4/2 ATP 2 GTP 2 NADH + H+ gasta aminoácidos precursores provenientes de la degradación de proteínas, considerados de alta calidad. consume productos de las fermentaciones ruminales: Propionato y Lactato. Y que pasa con los lípidos de reserva (oxidación de AG)… Pueden actuar como precursores para la síntesis de Glucosa en los mamíferos? pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Los AG No aportan átomos de impar carbono (C), no son gluconeogénicos!!! Pero aportan Energía Propionato (3C) para la síntesis de nueva Glucosa. GLUCONEOGÉNICO RUMIANTES Propionato (3C) pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Regulación alostérica y covalente de la Gluconeogenesis pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi Tercer rodeo Glucosa Glucosa 6 fosfatasa G6P H2O Segundo rodeo Pi Fructosa 1,6 bisfosfatasa F6P H2O F1,6BP DHAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG CO2 Fofoenolpiruvato carboxiquinasa Primer rodeo OXA PEP GTP PIR ATP Piruvato carboxilasa CO2 pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GAP El 1º punto de control determina el destino del piruvato en la mitocondria Glc ↑Acetil-CoA + Piruvato carboxilasa promueve la gluconeogénesis G6P F6P CK Energía Oxa Acetil-CoA F1,6BP + PEP Pir PC Mitocondria pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Pi Tercer rodeo Glucosa Glucosa 6 fosfatasa G6P H2O Segundo rodeo Pi Fructosa 1,6 bisfosfatasa F6P H2O F1,6BP DHAP NADH 1,3BPG ATP 3PG 2PG CO2 Fofoenolpiruvato carboxiquinasa Primer rodeo OXA PEP GTP PIR ATP Piruvato carboxilasa CO2 pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! GAP 2º punto de control de la gluconeogénesis: F1,6BPasa GLUCOSA G6P F6P AMP F2,6BP - F1.6BPasaPi ATP (-) Citrato ATP PFK-1 ADP + AMP F2,6BP F1,6BP ATP (+) Citrato Piruvato La F2,6BP es efector alostérico de la F1,6BPasa y la PFK-1. La regulación de la gluconeogénesis y la glucólisis están mediadas por los niveles de F2,6BP. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! ATP FRUCTOSA-6-FOSFATO Pi PFK-2 FBPasa-2 H2O ADP FRUCTOSA-2,6-BISFOSFATO [FRUCTOSA-2,6-BISFOSFATO] ESTIMULA GLUCONEOGÉNESIS PFKGlucagón -2 = Enzima Fosfofructo quinasa 2 en Hígado FBPasa-2 = Enzima Fructosabisfosfatasa 2 F2,6BP principal modulador alostérico de la enzima F1,6BPasa pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! ↑ INSULINA Estimula GLUCÓNEOGÉNESIS Desfosforilación Inhibe la Glucólisis (+) F6P F6P BIFUNCIONAL H2O F2,6BPasa2 F2,6BP ATP PFK2 F2,6BP Estimula GLUCÓLISIS ↑ GLUCAGÓN Inhibe la Gluconeogénesis ↑ AMPc - Fosforilación (+) pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Glucosa G6P G6Pasa F6P F1,6Pasa F2,6BP AMP (-) F1,6BP DHAP GAP GK PFK1 (+) F2,6BP 1,3BPG 3PG Glucagón 2PG PEPCK PEP OXA PK PIR pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! PC Insulina GLUCONEOGÉNESIS Otros Tejidos Hígado G6P PEP OXA [Glc] Propionato PIR aa G6P CO2 + H2O + ATP Lac aa Cerebro, SNC Músculo, Preñez (Feto -placenta) GM Vasos sanguíneos pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Hipoglicemia Glucagón T. Adiposo Degradación de TAG Páncreas [Glc] [Glc] Hígado Gli Músculo Degradación Proteica Gluconeogénesis aa -[Glu] monogástricos: 80 – 120 mg/dL -[Glu] rumiantes: 40 – 70 mg/dL Vasos sanguíneos pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! Propionato Lactato Rumen IMPORTANCIA DE LA GLUCONEOGÉNESIS EN RUMIANTES • No consumen Glucosa como tal (menos del 30% pasa a la sangre). • Casi toda la Glucosa sanguínea depende de la Gluconeogénesis. GLUCONEOGÉNESIS PERMANENTE • Precursores de Glucosa: Propionato: 50 -70 % Lactato: 10 - 20 % Aminoácidos: 7 - 14% Glicerol: 6% • PEPCKm es muy abundante; su expresión se estimula por Glucagón (preferentemente usan el camino “corto” para el 1° rodeo). • Sugiere que empiece por OXA (gasta 2 ATP menos). pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! RESUMEN Ruta anabólica, reductiva, divergente e irreversible. Biosíntesis de nueva glucosa a partir de sustratos y precursores que no son carbohidratos (propionato, lactato, aa glucogénicos y glicerol). Degradación de AG aporta energía para Gluconeogénesis, no carbonos. Órganos: Hígado (90%) y Riñón (10%). Bicompartimentada: mitocondria (1° rodeo) y citosol. Presenta 3 reacciones irreversibles catalizadas por enzimas reguladoras (3 rodeos: 1° PC, PEPCK, 2° F1,6BPasa y 3° G6Pasa). Elevado costo energético: 4/2 ATP, 2 GTP y 2 NADH + 2 H+. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! RESUMEN El Acetil-CoA es un modulador alostético positivo de la PC. La F1,6Pasa es inhibida por bajas concentraciones de AMP y altas concentraciones de F2,6BP y estimulada por altas concentraciones de ATP y citrato. El Glucagón estimula la via gluconeogénica, mientras que la Insulina la inhibe. Ocurre en condiciones de HIPOGLICEMIA: situaciones de ayunos, estrés, dependiendo de la especie que se trate. Cuando esta estimulada la Gluconeogénesis está inhibida la Glucólisis. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now! BIBLIOGRAFÍA I. Lehninger, Nelson , Cox. Principios de Bioquímica, Ed. Omega. 3a. 2000; 4a. 2005. II. Voet & Voet. Biochemistry, Ed. John Willey & Sons, 3° Ed. 2006. II. Matheus, van Holde. Bioquímica, Ed. McGraw Hill, 2° Ed.1998. III. Mc Donald 1991: “Endocrinología veterinaria y reproducción”. Cap 5: pp 179-194. 4ª ed., Ed. Interamericana – Mc Graw Hill. IV. Material de Apoyo – Cátedra de Bioquímica. pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now!