THE LIGHT POLLUTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE TURIA NATURAL PARK Dr. Enric Marco Departament d'Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València Dr. Angel Morales Rubio Departament de Química Analítica Universitat de València Coordinadora Defensa Bosques del Turia 28th June 2006 19th April 2007 LIRIA PEDRALBA 4480 hectares 35 kilometers long BENAGUASIL L ELIANA VILAMARXANT RIBA-ROJA DE TURIA PATERNA MANISES QUART DE POBLET PEDRALBA TURIA LIRIA NATURAL PARK 3 BENAGUASIL L ELIANA VILAMARXANT 2 RIBA-ROJA DE TURIA 1 PATERNA N 1- LA VALLESA FOREST 2- PARATGE NATURAL MUNICIPAL DE LES RODANES 3- LA PEA MANISES QUART DE POBLET TURIA NATURAL PARK 4480 hectares 35 kilometers long 90 km perimeter Pasarela 13 TURIA FLUVIAL PARK Pasarela 11 18 000 000 € Pasarela 10 Pasarela 9 “La Coordinadora” protests against light pollution of the environment of the “Parc Natural del Turia miércoles 7 de noviembre de 2007 La Coordinadora denuncia la contaminación lumínica del entorno del Parc Natural del Túria Centenares de farolas públicas y multitud de alumbrados exteriores privados proliferan por las urbanizaciones La Vallesa, Monte Canyada "violando" y contaminando el cielo nocturno. Urge una ordenanza municipal para detener la contaminación lumínica, el derroche energético y el Cambio Climático, así como el impacto contra las personas, la fauna y la flora. La Coordinadora en Defensa de los Bosques del Túria reivindica la Defensa de la Calidad del Cielo Nocturno y el Derecho a Observar las Estrellas en el Parc Natural del Túria y las poblaciones de su entorno. RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE VALENCIA UNIVERSITY REPORT PRESENTED TO THE GOVERNING PARK BOARD: i) Removing unshielded ball-type luminaires. ii) Power reduction and reorientation of the luminaries. iii) Place the light as low as possible and directed downward. iv) Use lights with optics that provides light cones as sharp as possible. v) Use more efficient and less polluting lamps: Red light better than white or blue. vi) Use vegetable screens. vii) Pay attention to areas bordering urban areas where there may be excess lighting, and special attention to sports facilities located near the Park, and viii) Implement the regulation of energy efficiency in outdoor lighting installations of Royal Decree 1890/2008 of 14 November. The University warns about light pollution in the Turia Natural Park IISS 11 Feb. 2011. Expedition 026/MagISStra mission Astronaut Nespoli, NASA/ESA NW Valencia Metropolitan Area Manises Airport Valencia City A3 Highway-Industrial Area Light Pollution Zones by distance: a- > 500 m b- Border to 500 m c- Border d- Inside the Park Light Pollution Zones a- > 500 m Light Pollution Zones b- Border to 500 m Light Pollution Zones c- Border Light Pollution Zones d- Inside the Park LD 5100 m Monument LD 5700 m Monument LD 3200 m Power Plant LD 3200 m LD 3600 m LD 5700 m LD 5100 m LD 6300 m LD 6300 m Agricultural Way LD 3600 m Traffic Circle Light pollu+on measurements SQM‐L The Half Width Half Maximum (HWHM) of the angular sensitivity is ~10°. The Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) is then ~20° Canon EOS 1000D Olympus FE‐240/X‐795 Panasonic DMC‐TZ10 circular fisheye lens (f=4.5mm, 180º FoV)) • No clouds, fog • Moonless nights • Z(Sun) < ‐18º • Moon eclipse (15 June 2011) Preliminary results Data taken on: 4, 9, 25 May 2011 15, 19, 21, 22 June 2011 mag/arcsec2 20.00 (19.17) (18.63) 15.00 10.00 5.00 June 15 39º32’11.78” N 0º30’23.24” W La Vallesa June 21 39º32’34.68” N 0º37’35.07” W Les Rodanes 23:40 23:25 23:10 22:55 22:40 22:25 22:10 21:55 21:40 21:25 21:10 0.00 Local time Measurements S 17.79 18.79 W 18.65 19.06 18.95 18.24 16.62 E 18.33 16.27 S Visual=7.93-5*log(10(4.316-(SkyB/5))+1) Bradley E. Schaefer: Telescopic limiting Magnitudes (1990) (Pub. ASP 102:212-229) [cd/m2] = 10.8 x 104 x 10(0.4*[mag/arcsec2]) 15.81 16.33 17.50 18.37 17.70 18.35 18.19 18.45 17.65 16.78 15.51 17.64 18.35 18.22 15.93 17.09 17.01 17.79 19.65 18.79 19.00 20.26 20.31 20.12 20.42 20.32 20.35 19.99 19.81 18.30 17.78 19.09 19.00 19.71 20.22 18.65 18.58 19.16 17.53 20.00 18.68 18.94 19.04 18.35 17.11 18.41 18.92 18.79 16.82 18.18 17.30 18.95 18.33 18.74 20.20 18.93 19.06 16.27 18.24 16.62 23:34h Commercial area LD 3800 m 24:00h Church 22:34h 45º 18.30 90º 18.54 LD 5300 m 90º 18.48 Metropolitan area 0º 16.60 45º 18.51 LD 5000 m 90º 17.88 45º 17.43 LD 1800 m Power plant 0º 17.35 0º 15.62 15.81 LD 4100 m Residential area 16.33 17.50 18.19 18.37 17.65 22:31h 22:28h 17.70 90º 17.41 18.35 18.45 16.78 15.51 Metropolitan area LD 9000 m 45º 17.12 17.64 18.35 0º 16.31 15.93 17.09 Quarry area 17.01 22:29h 90º 17.56 22:24h Industrial area LD 6800 m 45º 16.88 0º 16.08 0º 15.57 LD 8000 m LD 1750 m 1700 m Metropolitan area LD 8900 m 90º 17.31 45º 17.15 0º 15.66 Water Plant Residential area LD 22:26h 90º 17.09 45º 17.32 Industrial area 45º 16.95 0º 15.46 18.22 LD 3000 m 90º 17.70 LD 5700 m Manises Airport 18.58 17.78 19.09 19.00 18.93 18.68 19.16 19.04 18.74 18.35 17.11 18.41 18.92 18.79 16.82 18.18 17.30 N E S LD 14300 m CONCLUSIONS 1. No awareness of government and the majority of the population. 2. More important light pollution sources: - Great infrastructures : - Airport - Industrial Areas - Electric Power Plants - Water Distribution Plants - Water Treatment Plants - Roads, Traffic circles - Commercial Areas - Municipal and private sports centers - Schools - Residential Areas - Monument Lighting FUTURE ACTIONS Disseminating the results of this study : - Press Releases. - Seminars in Schools. - Talks to neighborhood, environmental and cultural associations. Presentation of motions in the municipalities. Continuation of the study. Apply for the Valencian Light Pollution Law. STOP THE LIGHTS. YOU HAVE STOLEN US THE NIGHT IT IS TIME TO SWITCH OFF THE LIGHT Acknowledgements: To carry out this work, the authors wish to thank the City of Paterna for permission to use the watchtower and the Staff of the Technical Office of the Turia Natural Park for their time availability and permission to pass through protected areas at night. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Acknowledgements: To carry out this work, the authors wish to thank the City of Paterna for permission to use the watchtower and the Staff of the Technical Office of the Turia Natural Park for their time availability and permission to pass through protected areas at night.