LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (Volume I) Louis Allaire (Canada) is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. Well known for his archaeological work on the island of Martinique, he has researched and lectured extensively on such subjects as Caribbean migrations, Taino ethnicity and Lesser Antillean early Amerindian history. Arie Boomert (Holland) was Senior Research Fellow in Archaeology, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago from 1980–88 and has worked on intensive archaeological and historical surveys of Trinidad and Tobago. He has also published extensively on Amerindian ethnohistory of the Guianas, Orinoco Valley and theWest Indies. His latest book is Trinidad, Tobago and the Lower Orinoco Interaction Sphere: An Archaeological/ ethnohistorical study (2000). Luis Chanlatte Baik (Dominican Republic) is an experienced field archaeologist with long practice in many Caribbean countries including Santo Domingo, Haiti, Jamaica and Venezuela. During the past decades he has been Senior Archaeologist of the Centro de Investigaciones Arqueologicas of the University of Puerto Rico and its present Director. He is a member of the Board of Directors (Patronato Rector) of the Museo del Hombre Dominicano and among his many publications are Las Espatulas Vomicas Sonajeras de la Cultura Taina (1976) co-author Manuel Garcia Arevalo; Investigaciones Arqueologicas en Guayanilla, Puerto Rico (1976) and La Nueva Arqueologia de Puerto Rico: Suproyecccion a las Antillas (1990) co-author Ivonne Narganes. José M. Guarch-Delmonte (Cuba) is a field archaeologist with a long working experience in Cuba. Associated with the Academy of Sciences in Havana since the middle sixties, and currently attached to the Archaeological Department of Holgufn, he holds a doctorate in Historical Sciences from the Miklujo-Maklai Institute of Ethnography, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, (1977). He has served as contributing editor to the Serie Arqueologica, to the Anuario de Arqueologia of the Academy of Sciences, and to the Caribe Arqueologico, Journal of Casa del Caribe, published in Santiago, Cuba. He has published several books, among which are El Taino de Cuba: Reconstruccion Etnohistorica (1978) and Estructura para las comunidades aborigenes de Cuba (1990). Francisco Moscoso (Puerto Rico) is History Professor at the University of Puerto Rico and former Chairperson of the History Graduate Program. He has taught at Lehman College, at the Center for Latin American Studies, Universidad Estatal Paulista, in São Paulo, Brazil, and at the History Department of the University of São Paulo. Among his publications are Tribu y Clase en el Caribe Antiguo (1986); España, de los Reyes Catolicos alfin del antiguo Regimen: Una Bibliografia basica. (1994) and Agricultura y Sociedad en Puerto Rico, Siglos 16 al 18. (2000). A. Gus Pantel (USA) is an archaeologist. After gaining a Ph. D from the University of Missouri (1980), he was Research Director of the Fundacion Arqueologica de Puerto Rico for many years. He is presently Director of the Center for the Study of Humans and their Environment at the Metropolitan University of Puerto Rico. Luis Rivera-Pagan (Puerto Rico) studied the History of Philosophy and Social Sciences in the University of Tubingen, Federal Republic of Germany. He is Professor of Humanities at the University of Puerto Rico. A well-known lecturer he is also the author of the following books: A la sombra de Armagedon: Reflexiones criticas sobre el desafio nuclear (1988); Evangelizacion y Violencia: la conquista de America (1990) and Dialogos y polifonias: perspectivas y reseñas (1999) among others. Jalil Sued-Badillo (Puerto Rico) gained his Ph. D. in the History of America from the University of Seville, Spain, (1989). He is Professor and Chairperson of the General Social Science Department (Interdisciplinary Studies) at the University of Puerto Rico in Rio Piedras, where he teaches courses in early Puerto Rican and Caribbean history. He has published numerous books and articles both in Europe and in the Caribbean region on archaeological and ethnohistorical interest, including La Mujer Indigena y su Sociedad (1975), now in its fourth edition, La Pena de Muerte en Puerto Rico (2000), and El Dorado Boringano (2001). Francisco Watlington (Puerto Rico) is Professor of Geography at the University of Puerto Rico. He pursued doctoral studies in geography and anthropology at the University of Florida, Gainesville and received his Ph. D. in 1990. His ongoing research interests focus on the historical prospective biogeography of Puerto Rico and the Neotropics, as well as the pre-colonial to early colonial anthropogeography of the islands. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (Volume II) David Buisseret (USA) is Jenkins and Virginia Garrett Professor of History at the University of Texas, Arlington, USA. He was director of the Smith Center for the History of Cartography in the Newberry Library, Chicago. Previously he had been Professor of History at the University of the West Indies, Mona and editor of The Jamaican Historical Review. In 1979 he was awarded the Centennial medal of the Institute of Jamaica. He is the author of several publications including Historic Architecture of the Caribbean (1980/83). Alfredo Castillero Calvo (Panamá) received his Ph.D. in Historia de América at the University of Madrid. He has held Visiting Professorships at the Universities of Yale, Stanford and Costa Rica and is currently Professor of Panamanian and Latin American History at the University of Panamá. His publications include Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Sociedad. La Vivienda Colonial en Panama. Historia de un Sueño (1994), Conquista, Evangelización y Resistencia (1995) and La Ciudad Imaginada. El Casco Viejo de Panamá (1999). Pieter Emmer (The Netherlands) has been Professor of History of European Expansion in the University of Leiden, The Netherlands since 1989- He was a visiting fellow commoner at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK and Visiting Professor at the Universities of Bamberg, Texas, USA and Hamburg, Germany. He has published The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580–1880. Trade, Slavery and Emancipation (1998) and with Magnus Moerner has edited European Expansion and Migration: Essays on the Intercontinental Migration from Africa, Asia and Europe (1992). Wim Klooster (The Netherlands) has been Assistant Professor of History at the University of Southern Maine, USA since 1998. He received his Ph.D. at the University of Leiden, The Netherlands in 1995 and subsequently became a visiting fellow at the John Carter Brown Library, Providence, USA and the Charles Warren Center, Harvard University, USA. His publications include The Dutch in the Americas, 1600–1800: A Rare Narrative History with the Catalogue of an Exhibition of Rare Prints, Maps and Illustrated Books from the John Carter Brown Library (1997) and Illicit Riches: Dutch Trade in the Caribbean, 1648–1795 (1998). GustavoMartin-Fragachan (Venezuela). Formerly Associated Researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, USA, he is currently Professor at the Central University of Venezuela. He has published Magic and Religion in Contemporary Venezuela (1983), Theory of Magic and Religion (1983), Essays in Political Anthropology (1984), Homologies: Writing on Rationality (1991) and Social Sciences: Between Epistemology and Deconstruction (1995). Frank Moya Pons (Dominican Republic) is the author of twenty books and more than fifty scholarly articles. He has taught Latin American and Caribbean history at Columbia University and the University of Florida, USA, and has lectured extensively throughout the world. He is currently a Visiting Research Professor at the City College of the The City University of New York (CUNY), USA, and works as a consultant and development specialist in the Dominican Republic. Anne Pérotin-Dumon (France) holds a Ph.D. in History from the University of Paris, Sorbonne, France. Following a career at the French Ministry of Culture as curator of archives, she taught at Kent State University and the University of Virginia (USA). At present, she is Professor of History at the Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, and a contributing editor of the Handbook of Latin American Studies (History of the Caribbean and the Guyanas). Her many publications include Etre patriote sous les tropiques: La Guadeloupe, la colonisation et la révolution 1789–1794 (1985), La ville aux lies, la ville dans l’île: Basseterre et Pointe-¯a-Pitre, Guadeloupe 1650 1820(1999). Horst Pietschmann (Germany) is Professor of Latin American History at the University of Hamburg, Germany. He has been Secretary-General and later President of the European Association of Latin Americanist Historians (AHILA). He has published extensively, including El Estado y su evolución al principio de la colonización Española de America (1989), La introduction de las intendencias en Nueva España (1996). He co-edited Mittel-, S¯udamerika und die Karibik bis 1760, Handbucb der Gesichte Lateinamerikas, vol. 1 (1994) and has been chief editor of Jahrbuch fur Gesichte von Staat, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Lateinamerikas since 1995. Ruggiero Romano (Italy) gained his Ph.D. at the University of Naples. He has taught in universities in Europe and Latin America, has Honorary Doctorates from the Universities of Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, Lima, Peru and Camerino, Italy and is an Honorary Professor at the University of Ayacucho, Peru. He was visiting Professor at the Colegio de México, 1992–5. Enriqueta Vilávilar (Spain) received a doctorate in history from Escuela de estudios Hispano-Americanos. She is at present Director of Historigrafía y Bibliografía Americanistas and sits on the Consejo Asesor Anvario de estudios Americanos. Specializing in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, she has published Historia de Puerto Rico, 1600–1650 and Hispanoamérica y la trata esclavista. David Watts (UK) is currently Reader in Geography at the University of Hull, UK. He was founder-editor and is now senior editor of the Journal of Biogeography. Among his many publications are Man’s impact on the vegetation of Barbados, 1627–1800 (1966), Principles of biogeography (1971), Third directory of biogeographers (1981), The West Indies: patterns of development, culture and environmental change since 1492 (1987/90), Los indias occidentales (1992) and Population density, the water resource and land degradation in the eastern Caribbean (1996). Neil L. Whitehead (UK) received his D.Phil. in Social Anthropology from Oxford University, UK. He is currently an Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. His major publications include Lords of the Tiger Spirit – A History of the Caribs (1988), with P. Hulme, Wild Majesty – Encounters with Caribs from Columbus to the Present Day (1992), with R.B. Ferguson, War in the Tribal Zone, Expanding States and Indigenous Warfare (1992), and Wolves from the Sea – Readings in the Anthropology of the Native Caribbean (1995) and The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana by Walter Ralegh (1998). Translators Part One of the Introduction and Chapter 4 were translated from the German by Ann Richner and UNESCO Translation Services respectively. Chapter 2 was translated from the Italian by UNESCO Translation Services. Chapter 6 was translated from the Spanish by NIHERST School of Languages and Chapters 8 and 9 from the Spanish by Andrew Hurley. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (Volume III) Hilary McD. Beckles (Barbados) is Chairman of the Department of History, and Professor in Caribbean Economic and Social History in The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill campus, Barbados. He is the author of numerous books including White Servitude and Black Slavery in Barbados, 1627–1715 (1989), ‘Natural Rebels’: A Social History of Enslaved Black Women in Barbados (1989), A History of Barbados: From Amerindian Society to Nation State (1990). He is also an editor of the Journal of Caribbean History. Catherine A. Christen (USA) obtained her doctorate in the Department of History of the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. She continues to work on the political, social and economic impact of tropical forest conservation in Costa Rica during the twentieth century. Michael Craton (Canada) is Professor of History at the University ofWaterloo, Ontario, Canada. He is the author of several publications including A Jamaican Plantation (1970), Sinews of Empire (1974), Searching for the Invisible Man (1978), A History of the Bahamas (1989), and Breaking the Chains (1990). SilviaW. de Groot (The Netherlands) has published extensively on the history of Suriname, with an emphasis on Maroon societies, including From Isolation towards Integration, The Surinam Maroons and their Colonial Rulers (1845–1863) (1977) and A Corps of Black Chasseurs in Surinam (forthcoming). David Eltis (Canada) received his Ph.D. from the University of Rochester in 1979. He is currently Associate Professor at Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, where he teaches Comparative Slavery and Atlantic History. He is the co editor with James Walvin of The Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade (1981), and author of Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (1987) which was the winner of the Trevor Reese Memorial Prize for 1990 (Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London). He has authored and co-authored numerous articles in such scholarly journals as the American Historical Review, Economic History Review, Hispanic American Historical Review, Journal of Economic History, and the Journal of Interdisciplinary History. Stanley L. Engerman (USA) is John H. Munro Professor of Economics and Professor of History at the University of Rochester, New York, USA. He is co-author (with RobertW. Fogel) of Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery (1974), and co-editor of several books including Between Slavery and Free Labor (1985) (with Manuel Moreno Fraginals and Frank Moya Pons), Long-Term Factors in American Economic Growth (1986) (with Robert E. Gallman), Quantitative Economic History (1991) (with N. F. R. Crafts and N. H. Dimsdale), Without Consent or Contract: Technical Papers on Slavery (1992) (with Robert W. Fogel), and The Atlantic Slave Trade (1992) (with J. E. Inikori). Gad Heuman (UK) teaches in the Department of History and the Centre for Caribbean Studies at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. He is the author of Between Black and White: Race, Politics, and the Free Coloreds of Jamaica (1981), editor of Out of the House of Bondage: Runaways, Resistance and Marronage in Africa and the New World (1986), and co-editor of Labour in the Caribbean: From Emancipation to Independence (1988). He is also co-editor of Slavery and Abolition: A Journal of Comparative Studies, and is currently completing a study of the Morant Bay Rebellion in Jamaica. B. W. Higman (Australia) is Professor of History at the Australian National University and former Head of the Department of History at the Mona, Jamaica campus of The University of the West Indies. His book Slave Populations and Economy in Jamaica, 1807–1834 (1976) was awarded the Bancroft Prize in 1977; his Slave Populations in the British Caribbean, 1807–1834 (1984) won the Eisa Goveia Prize of the Association of Caribbean Historians. He is also the author of Jamaica Surveyed: Plantation Maps and Plans of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries (1988). Ffranklin W. Knight (Jamaica) is Leonard and Helen R. Stulman Professor of History, and former Director of the Latin American Studies Program at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. His publications include: Slave Society in Cuba during the Nineteenth Century (1970), The African Dimension of Latin American Societies (1974), The Caribbean: The Genesis of a Fragmented Nationalism (1978, 1990), Africa and the Caribbean: The Legacies of a Link (1979), co-edited with Margaret Crahan, The Modern Caribbean (1989), co-edited with Colin A. Palmer, and Atlantic Port Cities. Economy, Culture and Society in the Atlantic World, 1650–1850 (1991), co-edited with Peggy K. Liss. Colin A. Palmer (Jamaica) formerly William Rand Keenan, Jr. Professor of History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill also served as chairman of the departments of History, and African and Afro-American Studies. He is presently Graduate Professor in the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. His publications include Slaves of the White God. Blacks in Mexico (1976), Human Cargoes. The British Slave Trade to Spanish America, 1700–1739 (1981), The Modern Caribbean (1989), co-edited with Franklin W. Knight, and Passageways: An Interpretive History of Black America (1993). Mary Turner (Canada) is Professor of History at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Her publications include Slaves and Missionaries: the disintegration of Jamaican Slave Society, 1788–1834(1982), The Baptist War and Abolition (1982), and Chattel Slaves into Wage Slaves (1988). LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (Volume V) Anthony T. Bryan, Professor of International Relations, is Director of the Caribbean Studies Program at the North-South Center, University of Miami, and a senior research associate of the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, DC. Previously he was Professor and Director of the Institute of International Relations at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad; a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; and a fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, DC. He is the author or coauthor of 10 books and more than 80 scholarly articles in his field. Patrick Bryan holds the Douglas Hall Chair of History at the Mona, Jamaica, campus of the University of the West Indies, and is a former Head of the Department of History at Mona. Among his major publications are The Jamaican People 1880–1902 (1991) and Marcus Garuey; His Work and Impact (co-edited: 1988). He has published extensively on the history of Jamaica, the Dominican Republic and the Caribbean region. Carl Campbell is Professor of History at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, campus. His main areas of research have been the Caribbean free coloureds and the social history of education in Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago. He is currently working on a history of education in the Spanish Antilles. His main publications are: Cedulants and Capitulants: The Politics of the Coloured Opposition in the Slave Society of Trinidad 1783–1838 (1992) and The Young Colonials: A Social History of Education in Trinidad and Tobago 1834–1939(1996). Roberto Cassá is a Professor in the Department of History and Anthropology at the Universidad Autónoma, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. He is a member of the Academia Dominicana de la Historia, and Professor and Member of the Council of the Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Programa Santo Domingo. He is the author of Capitalismo y Dictadura (1982) and other books, articles and book chapters. Alice Colón is Researcher at the Social Science Research Center of the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras campus. She has edited and published books and articles on various issues regarding Puerto Rican women, including women’s poverty and employment, their reproductive health and rights, and their participation in Puerto Rican social and historical processes. Ciaus Füllberg-stolberg is Professor of History at the University of Hanover (Germany) and was Visiting Lecturer at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, campus (1988–90). His publications on Caribbean history include. Jamaica 1938: the Living Conditions of the Urban and Rural Poor: Two Social Surveys (1990) and Plantation Economy, Land Reform and the Peasantry in a Historical Perspective: Jamaica 1838–1980 (1992), co-edited with SwithinWiltnot. He is currently completing a book on Jamaica during the Great Depression (1925–5). Antonio Gaztambide-GÉigel is ‘Eugenio Maria de Hostos’ Honorary Chair, University of Puerto Rico, 2001–2; and regularly Professor, School of Social Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras campus. He has published in Cuba, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Spain and Venezuela about the contemporary Caribbean and its international relations. He was the founding President of the Puerto Rican Association of Historians, 1993–5. Fe Iglesias Garcia is a research scholar at the Institute of Social Sciences of the Academy of Sciences, Havana, Cuba. She has published extensively on the social and economic history of Cuba, and is the author of the chapter on Cuban historiography in Volume VI of the UNESCO General History of the Caribbean (1999). Franklin W. Knight is the Leonard and Helen R. Stulman Professor of History at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. A Jamaican with academic degrees from the University of the West Indies and the University of Wisconsin in Madison, he has published widely on Latin America and the Caribbean. Anthony P.Maingot is Professor of Sociology at Florida International University, Miami. Born in Trinidad, he has held positions at Yale University (1966–72) and the University of the West Indies, Trinidad (1972–4). He is a co-author of A Short History of the West Indies (1987); and the author of Small Country Development and International Labor Flows: Experiences in the Caribbean (1991) and The United States and the Caribbean. Trends in U.S. Caribbean Relations (1994). Tony Martin is Professor of Africana Studies at Wellesley College, Massachusetts. He is author of Race First: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association (1976), Literary Garveyism: Garvey, Black Ans and the Harlem Renaissance (1983), The Pan-African Connection (1983) and many other works. JamesMillette was for many years a member of the Department of History, at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad & Tobago. He is now Professor and Chair, Department of African American Studies, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio. He has taught and written for more than thirty years on Caribbean history, imperial history, abour movements, Third World politics and economics, and the modern Caribbean. His publications include The Genesis of Crown Colony Government: Trinidad, 1782–1810 (1970), and Freedom Road (1988). Rex Nettleford is Vice-Chancellor of the University of the West Indies. A Jamaican, he has been associated with the University of the West Indies since he entered its Mona campus as an undergraduate in 1953. He is the founder of the National Dance Theatre Company of Jamaica, was for years its chief choreographer, and has written many books and articles on Jamaican and Caribbean culture, history and identity. He is the recipient of innumerable awards and honours, including his country’s highest honour. Marifeli Pérez-stable is a Professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Florida International University in Miami. She is the author of The Cuban Revolution: Origins, Course, and Legacy (1993). Cuba’s Long Twentieth Century (1868–2002) is her work in progress. Rhoda Reddock is Professor and Head of the Centre for Gender and Development Studies at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad & Tobago. Her major publications are Women, Labour and Politics in Trinidad and Tobago (1994) and Elma François: The NWCSA and the Workers’ Struggle for Change in the Caribbean in the 1930s (1988) and she has also edited or authored many other books, book chapters and journal articles. She is a founding member of the Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action (CAFRA). Bonham C. Richardson is Professor of Geography at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. Since 1967 he has conducted field and archival research in Guyana, Trinidad, Carriacou, St Kitts-Nevis and Barbados as well as in London. Among his books, The Caribbean in the Wider World, 1492–1992 (1992) won the 1993 Gordon K. Lewis award from the Caribbean Studies Association. He is currently finishing a book that deals with the history of fire in the Lesser Antilles. Joseph L. Scarpaci is a Professor of Urban Affairs and Planning, in the School of Public and International Affairs, College of Architecture and Urban Studies, at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. His research interests include comparative urban social policy, historic preservation and economic development, especially in Cuba and the Southern Cone. He is the recent co-author of Havana: Two Faces of the Antillean Metropolis (2002) and author of the forthcoming Barrios and Plazas: The Transformation of the Latin American Centra Histórico. Raymond T. Smith is a social anthropologist who has carried out research in Guyana, Jamaica, Ghana and the United States. Formerly a member of the Institute of Social and Economic Research, and the Department of Sociology, at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica campus, he moved to the University of Chicago in 1966 where he is now Professor Emeritus in the Department of Anthropology. For further information see http//home.uchicago.edu/_rtsl/index.htm Robert J. Stewart is the author of Religion and Society in Post-Emancipation Jamaica (1992). He has a doctorate in history from the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica campus. A former Jesuit, his interest in religion and history in the Caribbean was sparked by his experience of the contradictions in Christian missionary work in the West Indies. Stewart now teaches history at Trinity School in New York City. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (Volume VI) Mervyn C. Alleyne (Trinidad and Tobago) is Professor Emeritus of Socio-Linguistics at the University of theWest Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica. His publications include Comparative Afro-American (1980), Studies in Saramaccan Language Structure (1987), Roots of Jamaican Culture (1988) and Syntaxe historique creole (1997). Hilary McD. Beckles (Barbados) is Professor of History and Pro-Vice-Chancellor for Undergraduate Studies at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica. In 1994 he received the Vice-Chancellor’s inaugural Award for Excellence in Research. He has published several books, including Natural Rebels (1989), White Servitude and Black Slavery in Barbados, 1627–1713 (1989), A History of Barbados (1990) and The Development of West Indies Cricket (1998). Bridget Brereton (Trinidad and Tobago), is Professor of History at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad and Tobago and Deputy Principal of the St Augustine campus of the University of the West Indies. She won the ViceChancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching, Research and Administration in 1996, and served as President of the Association of Caribbean Historians 1994–7. Among her publications are Race Relations in Colonial Trinidad, 1870–1900 (1979), A History of Modern Trinidad, 1783–1962(1981) and Law, Justice and Empire (1997). David Buisseret (USA) was formerly Professor of History at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica and is now Jenkins and Virginia Garrett Professor of History at the University of Texas, Arlington. His publications on the Caribbean include Historic Jamaica from the Air (1969, with Jack Tyndale-Biscoe), Port Royal, Jamaica (1975, with Michael Pawson) and Historic Architecture of the Caribbean (1980). Roberto Cassá (Dominican Republic) is Professor of History at the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo and a member of the Academia Dominicana de la Historia. His books include Los tainos de La Española (1974), Historia social y economica de la Republica Dominicana (1977–80), Capitalismo y dictadura (1982), Losdoce años (1966), Movimiento obrero y lucha socialista en la Republica Dominicana (1990), Los indios de las Antillas (1992) and La Republica Dominicana (1997). Michael Craton (Canada) is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Among his publications are A History of the Bahamas (1963), A Jamaican Plantation (1970, with James Walvin), Sinews of Empire (1974), Searching for the Invisible Man (1978), Testing the Chains (1982) and Islanders in the Stream (1992–8), with Gail Saunders. He is currently writing the official history of the Cayman Islands and Islanders. Kusha Haraksingh (Trinidad and Tobago) teaches in the Department of History, University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad and Tobago, is a former Head of that Department, and a Barrister of Lincoln’s Inn. He has published on the Indian diaspora, plantation labour systems, and law and social change. B.W. Higman (Australia) was formerly Professor of History at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica and is now William Keith Hancock Professor of History at the Australian National University. His books include Slave Population and Economy in Jamaica, 1807–1834 (1976), Slave Populations of the British Caribbean, 1807–1834 (1984), Jamaica Surveyed (1988), Montpelier, Jamaica (1998) and Writing West Indian Histories (1999). Rosemarijn Hoefte (The Netherlands) is Deputy Head of the Department of Caribbean Studies, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, Leiden, and Associate Editor of New West Indian Guide. Her publications include papers on aspects of the history of Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles, and a book In Place of Slavery (1998) on the social history of British Indian and Javanese labourers in Suriname. Laënnec Hurbon (Haiti) is Director of Research, Sociology Section, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris. He has worked intensively on the sociology of religion in the Caribbean, publishing Dieu dans le vaudou haitien (1972), Cultures et pouvoirs dans la Caraïbe (1975), Culture et dictature en Haiti (1979), Comprendre Haïti (1987), Le barbare imaginaire, sorciers, zombies et cannibales (1988) and Le phenomene religieux dans la Caribe francophone (1989). Fé Iglesias Garcia (Cuba) is a research scholar at the Institute of Social Sciences of the Academy of Sciences, Havana, Cuba. She holds degrees in sociology as well as history, and has published widely on the social and economic history of nineteenthcentury Cuba, particularly the history of sugar. Howard Johnson (Jamaica) taught at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica, and the College of the Bahamas before taking up his current position of Professor of Black American Studies and History at the University of Delaware, Newark, USA. Among his publications are The Bahamas from Slavery to Servitude (1996) and The White Minority in the Caribbean (1998, co-edited with Karl Watson). Franklin W. Knight (Jamaica) is Leonard and Helen R. Stulman Professor of History at The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and President of the Latin American Studies Association. His numerous publications include Slave Society in Cuba during the Nineteenth Century (1970), The African Dimension of Latin American Societies (1974), The Caribbean (1978, 1990) and The Modern Caribbean (1989, co-edited with Colin A. Palmer). He edited Volume III of the UNESCO General History of the Caribbean. Serge Mam-Lam-Fouck (French Guyana) is Maître de conférences à l’Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, in French Guyana. His principal publications are Histoire de la société guyanaise (1987), Histoire de la Guyane contemporaine, 1940– 1982 (1992), Histoire générale de la Guyane française (1996), D’Chimbo, du criminel au héros (1997) and L’esclavage en Guyane francaise (1998) Woodville Marshall (Barbados) is Pro-Vice-Chancellor and, since 1977, Professor of History, at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill campus, Barbados. He was the Founding President of the Association of Caribbean Historians in 1974 and Editor of the Journal of Caribbean History from 1981–90. He has published widely on the postemancipation period and produced an edition of The Colthurst Journal (1977). James Millette (Trinidad and Tobago) taught for many years at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad and Tobago, and is now a member of the African American Studies Department at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, USA. His first book, The Genesis of Crown Colony Government was published in 1970, and he edited Freedom Road (1980). He has spoken and written in a variety of contexts, dealing particularly with Caribbean constitutional history, labour history, and the development of nationalist, anti-colonial and anti-imperial movements. Gert Oostindie (The Netherlands) directs the Department of Caribbean Studies at the Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology in Leiden, holds a chair as Professor of Caribbean Studies at Utrecht University, and is Managing Editor of the New West Indian Guide. Among his more recent books are Etnicidad como estrategía en América Latina y el Caribe (1996, with Michiel Baud et al.), Het Paradijs overzee (1997), Ki sorto di Reino? What kind of Kingdom? (1998, with Peter Verton), Dromen en littekens van de Curaçaose revolte, 30 mei 1969 (1999) and Curaçao mei 1969 (1999). Anne Pérotin-Dumon (France) holds a Ph.D. in History from the University of Paris, Sorbonne, France. Following a career at the French Ministry of Culture as curator of archives, she taught at Kent State University and the University of Virginia (USA). At present, she is Professor of History at the Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, and a contributing editor of the Handbook of Latin American Studies (History of the Caribbean and the Guyanas). Her many publications include Etre patriote sous les tropiques:La Guadeloupe, la colonisation et la revolution 1789–1794 (1985), La ville aux iles, la ville dans L’ile:Basseterre et Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe 1650–1820 (1999). Fernando Pico (Puerto Rico) is Professor of History at the University of Puerto Rico in Rio Piedras, and served as President of the Association of Caribbean Historians 1990–4. His books include Libertad y servidumbre en el Puerto Rico del siglo 19 (1979), Los gallos peleados (1983), Historia general de Puerto Rico (1986), 1898:La guerra después de la guerra (1987), El día menos pensado (1994), and Historia general del Occidente Europeo, siglos 5 al 15 (1998). He is a Jesuit priest. Margaret D. Rouse-Jones (Trinidad and Tobago) is Campus Librarian at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus, Trinidad and Tobago, and holds a Ph.D. in History from The Johns Hopkins University. She has published indexes to the conference papers of the Association of Caribbean Historians and to the Journal of Caribbean History, and organized several archival collections including the papers of Eric Williams. Franciso A. Scarano (Puerto Rico) taught at universities in Puerto Rico before becoming Professor of History and Director, Latin American and Iberian Studies Program, in the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. He has published Inmigración y clases sociales en el Puerto Rico del siglo XIX (1981), Sugar and Slavery in Puerto Rico (1984), Puerto Rico:cinco siglos de historia (1993) and many articles. Jean Stubbs (UK) is Professor of Caribbean Studies at the University of North London, and served as Chair of the Society for Caribbean Studies (UK) 1993–5. Her books include Tobacco on the Periphery (1985), Cuba: The Test of Time (1989), AFROCUBA (1993, coedited with Pedro Perez Sarduy) and Cuba: An Annotated Bibliography (1996). Michel-Rolph trouillot (Haiti) is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Chicago, USA. He writes on social theory, Caribbean slave societies and the emergence of peasantries. Among his books are Ti dif boule sou Istoua Ayiti (1977), a history of the St Domingue/Haiti slave revolution and the first non-fiction book in Haitian creole, Peasants and Capital (1988), Haiti:State Against Nation (1990) and Silencing the Past (1995). Translators Drafts of Chapters 6 and 20 were translated from the French by NIHERST School of Languages (Trinidad), Language Training Centre (Jamaica), Patricia Loguidice and Cynthia Moulton Cumberbatch, and drafts of Chapters 12, 13 and 14 from the Spanish by NIHERST School of Languages (Trinidad), Annette Insanally and Andrew Hurley.