La unidad del pensamiento The Unity of Thought Aldo Guarneros Monterrubio En-claves del Pensamiento, vol. VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre, 2014, pp. 79-97. Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de México Distrito Federal, México En-claves del Pensamiento, ISSN (Versión impresa): 1870-879X dora.garcia@itesm.mx en-claves.ccm@servicios.itesm.mx Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de México México LA UNIDAD DEL PENSAMIENTO ALDO GUARNEROS MONTERRUBIO* Resumen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bstract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año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 80 Aldo Guarneros Monterrubio !"#!$%&'&#%(")'$*+,,+(-.!/0$12!$+1$2%*&%$!2$/+&.*$!2$+!0$3-!$!2$(21!%+3-!&$+1$!"&$'&#%("4$ !"#$%&'%()#$*)$+($,-.#$(/#0)$1-2$3#+1##/$+"#$%'#4*(&)52$%(/6#'#67$*/$('6#'$ +($'#+"*/.$*+$-/6$#/'*8"$*+$9'(,$+"#$8&''#/+$#%(8": !"#$%&'()5$-1+!/0$!"2-6"!0$"+'!2%/0$7%+1(+7.&0$.+,&0$.+8+!4 La unidad del pensamiento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año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 81 La unidad del pensamiento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año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 82 Aldo Guarneros Monterrubio !"#$%$&$'(&)'"*%+#'",-&'*&!"%&.-"/#..#0"&$'&(%&1!'&2(&)%3,'&%(&#"/'*,#4%3&(%&/'35 $%$6&7-&'*&43%,!#,-&1!'&$#4%8&.-+-&)3#+'3&)3'.'),-&$'&*!*&!"#$%&8&(-&*#4!#'",'9 :&;'+-*&$'&)'"*%3&1!'&'*,<"&'"(%=%$%*&$'&,%(&+-$-&'",3'&*>&,-$%*&(%*&.#'".#%*8& 1!'&'*&+!.;-&+<*&?<.#(&%)3'"$'3(%*&,-$%*&@!",%*&%&(%&/'=8&1!'&*')%3%3&!"%&*-(%&$'& '((%*& $'& (%*& $'+<*6& A*>& )!'*8& *#& %(4!#'"& 1!#'3'& #"/'*,#4%3& *'3#%+'",'& (%& 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H'&%;>&*'&$'*)3'"$'&'(&$!%(#*+-6&I-3&!"&(%$-8&'(&*!@',-&*'3>%&(-&%B*-(!,-8&'*& +!%/&1#=-$:)!((0#:)!#%0"'/!"!#!"#3<#($#"$')&$(!*$#.)&$#4#3/9.(!#>-?#(0#:)!#3!# .-"*#$'3%&.-+-&#"$')'"$#'",'8&.%!*%8&*#+)('8&!"#/'3*%(8&!"-8&#4!%(8&*'+'@%"5 '!-@AR#!(#0BC!'01#!"#%$9B/01#3!&<$#(0#&!($'/201#=-#(0#:)!#.$&'/%/.$#!"#($#9/39$# "$')&$(!*$#0#$(#9!"03#!"#$(D0#+!#!(($#>-?#(0#:)!#3!#(($9$#+!.!"+/!"'!1#!E!%'01# E& H'*.%3,'*8&!"#$%&-1#/14+.*(48&S8&)6&TU6 R& 56*-68&)6&VT6 EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 83 La unidad del pensamiento !"#$%&'(")*$+,(-!%.+,)*#/.(-$.&)*0&'-1%+.234!"#$%"$&"'()('*&)+,("'-./0.&0*&"1(" 2+3&)&0'+("+))&'-0'+1+(41&"&0*)&"2-$"5-1-$6"5&0$(.+&0*-7&8*&0$+90:"&$5%)+*;70(*;7 )(1&,(:"(1.(7';&)5-< =+0" &.4()>-:" $+" 0-$" 2&?(.-$" >;+()" 5-)" &$*(" 1&'*;)(" '1@$+'(:" 1(" !"#$%&'&" ;0+A&)$(1"$&".(17'-.5)&02&)%("'-.-"!"#$%&'&";0+1(*&)(1:"&0"';B-"'($-"2&?()%(" 2&"$&)"3+1-$-3%(<"C("+0A&$*+>('+90"2&"1(";0+2(2"2&1"5&0$(.+&0*-:"&.5&)-:"0-"&$" 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G*$8!)3" !" #!" 8!+%$!" '%" 8*'%#*)3" AB" 2#!-5+3"3-#4+,*1(3"S$%'*)3"T!'$&'3"AUUV3"WX!"BUY"9;61 AH" 2#!-5+3"5('/6)*0-$3"S$%'*)3"T!'$&'3"AUUA3",1"ZVA"91":#").9$!(!'*"%)"8E*1 AP" J$&)-5-%#%)3"7-!(.8$*1(3"S$%'*)3"T!'$&'3"AUUV3"[XX!"A3"ZUH\"9"VZ;VA1 EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 93 La unidad del pensamiento !"#$%&"'"&("&()%(&%*+#%)",%-./!"#$%&'(#%)*+,#-.#/(01.1#%)#23+20.#1%#-.#4.*%5 #0%1("&(*%&*2(34567/(89*%(0&$%&"&'0%(&2('2&*#%:0"&"()%(+&0;%;(;")(!"&9%#/(!"# $%&'()#$%)*%&%+%#(#"(#&(*,)("%-(,#.#-+#6/%#%)7#80%3*.4%(*%#-.)#9+34.)#(+#1.(# 3.:;(#1%#-.#2-/3.-01.1#%(#/(#)%(*01+#<./).-#=#-0(%.->#(+#+?)*.(*%,#-.#2-/3.-01.1# %)#/(#1.*+#<04%(*.1+#%(#-.)#9+34.)7#@)*+#-+#4/%)*3.#A-.*;(#&3.<0.)#.#-.#10.-B<5 *0<.#1%#-+)#&B(%3+)#4.=+3%)#1%-#./01'*(7 8;4+#)%#1.#-.#10C%3)01.1#.#2.3*03#1%#-.#/(01.1#(+#%)#/(.#0(*%33+&.(*%#.2+5 3B*0<.#2.3.#-+)#&30%&+),#2/%)#-.#/(01.1#=#-.#10C%3)01.1#)+(#1.*+)7#@(#-.#2%*(034 '1+(#0()0)*%#D30)*;*%-%)#%(#6/%#%-#2304%3#4+*+3#(+#%)#<3%.1+3>#%)#230(<020+#1%# *+1+#*02+#1%#4+C040%(*+#=,#(+#+?)*.(*%,#(+#%)#.6/%--+#.#2.3*03#1%#-+#</.-#)%#1.# %-#1%)2-.:.40%(*+#1%#-+)#%(*%),#(0#)/#.-*%3.<0;(,#(0#)/#./4%(*+#+#10)40(/<0;(,# (0#)/#&%(%3.<0;(#=#<+33/2<0;(7#@-#(5,%""/#(#$()*1)#6%#"/#+,("#)%#23+1/<%#%-#<.45 ?0+#%)#.-&+#2.3*0</-.37#E+1+)#%)*+)#<.4?0+)#*0%(%(#-/&.3#&3.<0.)#.-#4+C040%(*+# 1%#-+)#0(10C01/+),#1%#*.-#)/%3*%#6/%#%-#2304%3+#4+*+3#2.3%<0%)%#)+?3.3#.-#%F2-0<.3# -.#.34+(G.#1%-#<.4?0+7 $0(#%4?.3&+,#6/%#%-#2304%3#4+*+3#(+#&%(%3%#%)+)#<.4?0+)#(+#6/0%3%#1%<03# 6/%#(+#)%.#230(<020+#1%#%--+),#)0(+#6/%#)/#.<*/.3#(+#)%#.&+*.#%(#-+)#<.4?0+)# 2.3*0</-.3%)7#D30)*;*%-%)#4/%)*3.#%(#7+%)+(#6%"#("8(#<;4+#%-#2304%3#4+*+3#%),# 1%#H%<H+,#%40(%(*%4%(*%#+)%(6/),#4.)#(+#%(#%-#)%(*01+#1%#&B(%)0),#)0(+#1%# <=6>?@/(8&()%($%*"#0%(9"(9%&%)(#%-#<.4?0+#1.1.#)/#2+*%(<0.-01.1#=#2.3*0</-.305 ;%;A(")(!#0$"#($2*2#("9(<=6BC6DE@(!2#(9+(%'*2(F(+&0;%;/(8)(!#0&'0!02('2&GH2#$%# )2( $I)*0!)"1( 90&( 9"#( '%+9%( "J*#K&9"'%( %)( *2;2L( M-( %&# "(# &(*,)("%-(( N-O( "J09*"( .1%4I)#+*3+#230(<020+,#%-#<./).-#=#.<*0C+#.-#6/%#<+33%)2+(1%#H.<%3#*+1.)#-.)# '29%9(N-O("9*"(I)*0$2("9(%($%&"#%(;"(+&%(61'$/'1+1:&#;(<1*,("#<+4+,#2+3#%J%45 2-+,#-.#-/:K#*.4?0B(#-.#-/:#H.<%#%(#<0%3*+#4+1+#1%#-+)#<+-+3%)#%(#2+*%(<0.#<+-+5 3%)#%(#.<*+L7!M N+#6/%#.9034.(#A-.*;(#=#D30)*;*%-%)#%),#2/%),#6/%#%-#230(<020+#1%#/(01.1#(+# %)#/(#2+)*/-.1+#1%#-.#3.:;(,#(0#-+#+</-*+#1%*3I)#1%#.-&+7#O0#%-#?0%(#2-.*;(0<+#(0# %-#2304%3#4+*+3#.30)*+*B-0<+#%)*I(#.--%(1%#-.#(.*/3.-%:.7#$/#3%-.<0;(#<+(#-.#4.5 *"#0%(F()%(34567(#%;0'%("&(P+"(")(!#0&'0!02(%'()%(34567($09$%/(8&(9+(0&$%&"&'0%( 10<H+)#230(<020+)#/(090<.(#%-#*+1+#2+36/%#'/&#"(#+"()16(6#1%#-.#<+(90&/3.<0;(#1%# -+#2.3*0</-.3>#)/#/(01.1#%)#-.#1%#-.#-/:7PQ !"# A-.*;(,#=()8>&16%'-1(/$?#+1*?,#27#RP!#17 !M# D30)*;*%-%),#7+%)+(#6%"#("8(,#S3%1+),#T.1301,#!QQP,#UUU,#V,#WPQ#.#RQ5R"7#@-#)/?3.=.1+#%)#4G+7 PQ# X.-%#-.#2%(.#H.<%3#H0(<.20B#%(#-.#(%<%)01.1#1%#2%().3#%-#)%(*01+#1%#-.#-/:#1%#-.#6/%#H.?-.(# A-.*;(#=#D30)*;*%-%),#.)G#<+4+#+*3+)#*.(*+)#2%().1+3%)7#@C01%(*%4%(*%,#%)*.#(%<%)01.1#(+#<+42%5 *%#.-#23%)%(*%#%().=+,#2%3+#6/0%3+#)%Y.-.3#.-#4%(+)#6/%#-.#-/:#)%#*3.*.#1%#-.#C%31.1,#-.#</.-#)%# <+42%(%*3.#<+(#-.#/(01.1#1%-#2%().40%(*+7 EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 94 Aldo Guarneros Monterrubio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J',*+A+(%(*#*(Q$%A#/65#D,()#%$#.&R(*,A)#.&)#(*+$#-&D%(#@&'/$#-(#.&/3'()-('# %$#6),-$-#-(%#3()*$/,()+&>#,)/$)().,$#5#+'$*.()-().,$8#:)#(*+&#*,;6(#$#=%$+A)2# $*4#.&/&#()#%$#'(%$.,A)#-(%#R&/D'(#.&)#(%#.&*/&*8#B,#%$#6),-$-#-(%#3()*$/,()E +&#3('+()(.(#$%#+&-&2#S3&'#<6C#(*$#6),-$-#%(#*('4$#$G()$#$%#*('#R6/$)&#<6(# 6)$A5=>'N73$)'C)36#'"#('67"7_'`5'()'B>5")"'"#('C#>&)$5#>67'C#36#>#4#')('a7$E !"# =%$+A)2#3(+456$!&2#TUU2#V!!#(EV!W#$8 !9# J',*+A+(%(*2#7(%&89.$!&2#XUU2#Y2#"Z[W#D#!W8 !!# :5$/82#XUU2#"Z2#"Z[V#$#""E"\8 EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 95 La unidad del pensamiento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año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 96 Aldo Guarneros Monterrubio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año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97. 97 La unidad del pensamiento !"#$"%&'%!()*+*,-*!.(/0(!"(,"%&(%+(+1#1!(%&-"2$%3%(*+(4%-(&$&3*(+1(31&!$5*.( !"#$ %!&'%!()*"#+$ ,)')-./01)*%!(%+$ )$ 2!$ !"#$%&'$( )$*+%,'$( +,-$( ./!)!"!0$+$ ,2%#$1"!$3)$4)!)!10)$-%$3)$-0*%!#0.!$3.401)$#0%*,'%$%#(5$3)$,"#06030-)-+$*0%!7 (')#$8)9)$3"4"#+$-%$-%10'$:*5#;<=> Fecha de recepción: 11/02/2013 Fecha de aceptación: 10/05/2013 =>$ ?01)'-"$@"'!%&&%'+$:A3$,'"63%*)$-%3$#%'B$#2#$),"'C)#$%!$3)$"6')$-%$A-2)'-"$D01"3;+$E%#0#$ )*-*(1)'*-()1-(%+(#-*61(6%(713'1-(%&(8"+1!189*:(;<="31:(>?@@:(A(@B:(@>CD(E+(!$,-*F*61(%!(591D EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año VIII, núm. 16, julio-diciembre 2014, pp. 79-97.