biología - Santillana

Recursos para el docente
3 BIOLOGÍA
El intercambio de información
en los sistemas biológicos:
relación, integración y control
Susana Alvarez
Alejandro J. Balbiano
Ricardo Franco
Elina I. Godoy
María Cristina Iglesias
María Inés Rodríguez Vida
Hilda C. Suárez
ES
3.er año
BIOLOGÍA
El intercambio de información
en los sistemas biológicos:
relación, integración y control
RECURSOS PARA EL DOCENTE
BIOLOGÍA 3. Recursos para el docente es una obra colectiva, creada y
diseñada en el Departamento Editorial de Ediciones Santillana S. A.,
bajo la dirección de Herminia Mérega y Graciela Pérez de Lois, por el
siguiente equipo:
Susana Alvarez
Alejandro J. Balbiano
Ricardo Franco
Elina I. Godoy
María Cristina Iglesias
María Inés Rodríguez Vida
Hilda C. Suárez
Editora: Paula L. Sabbatini
Jefa de edición: Patricia S. Granieri
Gerencia de gestión editorial: Mónica Pavicich
Índice
ES
3. año
er
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Jefa de arte: Claudia Fano.
Diagramación: María Mercedes Mayans.
Corrección: Karina Garofalo.
Este libro no puede ser reproducido total ni parcialmente en
ninguna forma, ni por ningún medio o procedimiento, sea reprográfico, fotocopia, microfilmación, mimeógrafo o cualquier
otro sistema mecánico, fotoquímico, electrónico, informático,
magnético, electroóptico, etcétera. Cualquier reproducción sin
permiso de la editorial viola derechos reservados, es ilegal y
constituye un delito.
BIO3_Docente.indd 1
© 2010, EDICIONES SANTILLANA S.A.
Av. L. N. Alem 720 (C1001AAP),
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
ISBN: 978-950-46-2235-2
Biología 3 : el intercambio de información en los sistemas biológicos :
relación, integración y
control : recursos para el docente / Susana Alvarez ... [et.al.]. - 1a ed.
- Buenos
Aires : Santillana, 2010.
32 p. ; 26x19 cm. - (Saberes clave)
Queda hecho el depósito que dispone la ley 11.723.
ISBN 978-950-46-2235-2
Impreso en Argentina. Printed in Argentina.
Primera edición: enero de 2010
1. Biología. 2. Enseñanza Secundaria. I. Alvarez, Susana
CDD 574.071 2
Este libro se terminó de imprimir en el mes de enero 2010, en
en Gráfica Vuelta de Página, Carlos Pellegrini 3652, Ciudadela,
Buenos Aires, República Argentina.
1/25/10 12:49:52 PM
2
BIO3_Docente.indd 2
Recursos para la planificación
Capítulo
1
2
Los seres
vivos y su
relación
con el medio
La captación
de los
estímulos
1/22/10 4:57:15 PM
Contenidos
Estrategias didácticas
Expectativas de logro
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
BIO3_Docente.indd 3
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
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3
1/22/10 4:57:15 PM
4
BIO3_Docente.indd 4
Recursos para la planificación
Capítulo
5
El control
nervioso
1/22/10 4:57:16 PM
Contenidos
Estrategias didácticas
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
6
7
El control
nervioso en
los animales
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1/22/10 4:57:16 PM
6
BIO3_Docente.indd 6
Recursos para la planificación
Capítulo
8
9
El control
endocrino en
animales y
plantas
El rol de las
proteínas
Contenidos
Estrategias didácticas
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biológico.
1/22/10 4:57:17 PM
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
BIO3_Docente.indd 7
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
10
11
El ADN,
portador de
información
La
biotecnología
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7
1/22/10 4:57:17 PM
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Página 10
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Página 14
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Página 15
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Página 18
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
1 Los seres vivos y su relación
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Página 19
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27.
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GFDBMZFMTVEPS
b) "QBSUJSEFMPTWBMPSFTTFQVFEFDPODMVJSRVFFYJTUFVO
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PUSBEFMBEJTNJOVDJØOFOMBDBOUJEBEEFPSJOBRVF
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Z
EF DPOUSPM SFHVMBDJØO EF MB FMJNJOBDJØO EF BHVB B
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Páginas 20 y 21
24.
a
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VO FGFDUPS FT VO ØSHBOP RVF QPOF EF NBOJGJFTUP MB
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25.
a) &TUÓNVMPEJTNJOVDJØOEFMBUFNQFSBUVSB3FTQVFTUB
NPUPSB
b) &TUÓNVMPT QSFTFODJB EF MV[ Z IVNFEBE 3FTQVFTUB
NPUPSB
c) &TUÓNVMPDPOUBDUPDPOPUSPBOJNBM3FTQVFTUBNPUPSBZEFTFDSFDJØOEFTVTUBODJBT
d) &TUÓNVMPQSFTFODJBEFMQSFEBEPS3FTQVFTUBDBNCJP
de coloración.
28.
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&M PTP DBNJOB
QPSMBPSJMMBEFMSÓP#
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$
&MPTPBUSBQBBMTBMNØO
b) &MPTPTJFOUFIBNCSFFMTBMNØODPOTUJUVZFVOFTUÓNVMP
QBSBFMPTPFTFFTUÓNVMPFTDBQUBEPQPSMPTPKPTZTF
USBOTNJUFBMPTDFOUSPTEFQSPDFTBNJFOUPFOEPOEFTF
FMBCPSBVOBSFTQVFTUBRVFWJBKBIBTUBMPTNÞTDVMPTZMB
QPOFO EF NBOJGJFTUP FO GPSNB EF NPWJNJFOUP QPS
NFEJP EFM DVBM FM PTP BUSBQB BM TBMNØO &M TBMNØO
OBEBFODPOUSBEFMBDPSSJFOUFEFMSÓP&MNPWJNJFOUP
EFMBHVBFTVOFTUÓNVMPRVFDBQUBOSFDFQUPSFTEFMB
QJFM EFM TBMNØO Z TF USBOTNJUF IBTUB MPT DFOUSPT EF
QSPDFTBNJFOUP"MMÓTFFMBCPSBVOBSFTQVFTUBRVFWJBKB IBTUB MPT NÞTDVMPT EFM TBMNØO RVF QFSNJUFO MPT
NPWJNJFOUPTOFDFTBSJPTQBSBOBEBS5BNCJÏOFTQPTJCMFRVFFMTBMNØODBQUFQPSNFEJPEFTVTPKPTMBQSFTFODJB EFM PTP FO MB PSJMMB Z RVF NPEJGJRVF TV SFTQVFTUBNPUPSBUSBUBOEPEFFWJUBSTFSBUSBQBEP
29.&OMBTBSB×BTIFNCSBTMPTTJTUFNBTEFDPOUSPMFTUJNVMBO
MBT HMÈOEVMBT RVF MJCFSBO MBT GFSPNPOBT &O MPT NBDIPT
QFSNJUFOMBDBQUBDJØOEFFTBTTVTUBODJBTZQSPWPDBOMBSFT-
9
BIO3_Docente.indd 9
1/22/10 4:57:19 PM
QVFTUBNPUPSBRVFMPTDPOEVDFIBTUBMBTIFNCSBT"TÓBNCPTJOJDJBOFMDPSUFKPTFYVBMRVFDPOTJTUFFOVOBTFSJFEF
SFTQVFTUBTNPUPSBT
30.
Página 31
7. %FDJNPT RVF MB WJTJØO CJOPDVMBS FT NÈT FYBDUB FO UBOUP
QFSNJUFNFEJSDPOHSBOQSFDJTJØOMBEJTUBODJBBVOPCKFUP
8. -PTPKPTVCJDBEPTEFNBOFSBMBUFSBMQFSNJUFOVOBFYQMPa) -BBQFSUVSBEFFTUPNBTTFQSPEVDFQPSVOBVNFOUP
EFMBUFNQFSBUVSB
b) "NCPTDBTPTMBBQFSUVSBEFMPTFTUPNBTZMBTVEPSBDJØOUJFOFOFODPNÞORVFTFEFTFODBEFOBOQPSVO
FTUÓNVMP TJNJMBS FM BVNFOUP EF MB UFNQFSBUVSB Z
RVFUJFOFODPNPSFTQVFTUBMBMJCFSBDJØOEFBHVBQPS
QBSUFEFMPSHBOJTNP4FEJGFSFODJBOFODVBOUPBMPT
ØSHBOPTFGFDUPSFTZBRVFFOFMDBTPEFMBTQMBOUBTTPO
MPT FTUPNBT Z FO FM DBTP EF MPT TFSFT IVNBOPT MBT
HMÈOEVMBTTVEPSÓQBSBT
c) 6OB EJGFSFODJB FOUSF BNCPT NFDBOJTNPT FT RVF MBT
QMBOUBTDBSFDFOEFDFOUSPTEFQSPDFTBNJFOUP
&TRVFNBQBSB
sudoración
&TRVFNBEF
USBOTQJSBDJØOFO
QMBOUBT
&TUÓNVMPBVNFOUP
EFMBUFNQFSBUVSB
BNCJFOUBM
&TUÓNVMPBVNFOUP
EFMBUFNQFSBUVSB
BNCJFOUBM
RecFQUPSFTEFMBQJFM
RecFQUPSFTEFMB
TVQFSGJDJFEFMBIPKB
$FOUSPEF
QSPDFTBNJFOUP
&GFDUPSHMÈOEVMB
TVEPSÓQBSB
&GFDUPSFTUPNB
ResQVFTUBMJCFSBDJØOEF
sudor
ResQVFTUBMJCFSBDJØOEF
WBQPSEFBHVB
SBDJØOEFMFOUPSOPNVZBNQMJPFOUPEPNPNFOUP-BMJFCSFFTIFSCÓWPSBQPSMPRVFTFHVSBNFOUFFTQSFTBEFBMHÞODBSOÓWPSP%JDIPTPKPTMFQFSNJUFOEFUFDUBSMBQSFTFODJB EF QSFEBEPSFT &M IBMDØO FO DBNCJP SFRVJFSF HSBO
QSFDJTJØOFOMBDBQUVSB&TUPTFMPHSBHSBDJBTBMBQSFTFODJBEFWJTJØOFTUFSFPTDØQJDB
9. &O MB WJTJØO NPOPDVMBS DBEB PKP FYQMPSB VOB QBSUF EFM
FOUPSOPZDVBOEPTFGVTJPOBOBNCPTDBNQPTTFQSPEVDF
VOBJNBHFOÞOJDBZFO%4JWFNPTEPCMFBMFTUBSDBOTBEPTOPTPUSPTRVFUFOFNPTNBZPSJUBSJBNFOUFVOBWJTJØO
CJOPDVMBSEFCFTFSRVFBMPKPMFDVFTUBGVTJPOBSBNCBT
JNÈHFOFTZTFQSPEVDFFTUFGFOØNFOPEFiWFSEPCMFwWJTJØOEFDBEBPKPQPSTFQBSBEP
Página 33
10.&MIFDIPEFRVFFOBOJNBMFTDPNPMBTNFEVTBTVOSFDFQUPSTFOTPSJBMTFFTUJNVMBBOUFEJGFSFOUFTGPSNBTEFFOFSHÓBQFSPOPPDVSSFBTÓFOPUSPTDPNPFOMPTWFSUFCSBEPT
QPESÓB FYQMJDBSTF QPSRVF FWPMVUJWBNFOUF MPT SFDFQUPSFT
TFFTQFDJBMJ[BSPOZQBTBSPOEFTFSVOJEBEFTTJNQMFTBWFSEBEFSPTØSHBOPT&OFTUPTDBTPTFYJTUFTFOTJCJMJEBEBVO
UJQPEFFOFSHÓBFOQBSUJDVMBSNJFOUSBTRVFFOPUSPTDPO
FTUSVDUVSBT OP UBO FTQFDJBMJ[BEBT QVFEFO EFUFDUBS NÈT
EFVOUJQP
11. &MIFDIPEFWFSDVBOEPFOSFBMJEBETFUSBUBEFVOFTUÓNVMP NFDÈOJDP FM GSPUBNJFOUP TF QVFEF FYQMJDBS EF FTUF
NPEPTBCFNPTRVFMPTØSHBOPTZSFDFQUPSFTTFOTPSJBMFT
SFTQPOEFOBFTUÓNVMPTFTQFDÓGJDPTDPOVOVNCSBMFOQBSUJDVMBS%FFTUBNBOFSBFMVNCSBMEFMPTGPUPSSFDFQUPSFT
BMBMV[QPESÓBTFSNÓOJNPNJFOUSBTRVFQBSBVOFTUÓNVMP NFDÈOJDP QPESÓB TFS NÈT BMUP GSPUBS Z OP TPMBNFOUF
SP[BS
%FDVBMRVJFSNBOFSBEBEPRVFFMPKPFTVOBFTUSVDUVSBFTQFDÓGJDBØSHBOPEFMBWJTJØO
MBÞOJDBJOUFSQSFUBDJØOQPTJCMFBVOFTUÓNVMPFTMBWJTVBM
Página 37
12.&TJNQPSUBOUFRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOUPNBSTFVOUJFNQP
QBSBBOBMJ[BSEFUBMMBEBNFOUFMBFYQFSJFODJBZDPNQSFOEFS
DBEBVOPEFMPTQBTPTZFMFNFOUPTRVFTFVUJMJ[BO
Página 30
5. 1PEFNPTEFDJSRVFMBTBCFKBTTPODJFHBTQBSBFMSPKPEFCJEPBRVFFMPKPRVFQPTFFOFTTFOTJCMFIBTUBFMOBSBOKB
1PSMPUBOUPOPQVFEFOEJTUJOHVJSMPTEFNÈTDPMPSFTQPS
BSSJCB EF FTUBT MPOHJUVEFT
Z QFSDJCFO UPEPT FMMPT EF MB
NJTNBNBOFSB
6. 4JMPTCBTUPOFTOPJOGPSNBODPMPSFTQFSPTPONVZTFOTJCMFTBMBMV[EFCFOFTUBSQSFTFOUFTFONÈTDBOUJEBEFO
BRVFMMPTBOJNBMFTEFIÈCJUPTOPDUVSOPTDVBOEPMBMV[OP
BCVOEB&OFTUFDBTPTFUSBUBSÓBEFBOJNBMFTDPOWJTJØO
FTDPUØQJDB EF JNBHFO OP UBO OÓUJEB QFSP RVF SFRVJFSF
NFOPTMV[QBSBTVGPSNBDJØO
13.
a) 4FFTQFSBRVFQVFEFOEBSDVFOUBEFRVFFOFTUFDBTP
MPTBMVNOPTEFMBFYQFSJFODJBQMBOUFBSPOMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFRVFMBBVEJDJØOQFSNJUBEFUFSNJOBSMBMPDBMJ[BDJØOEFMTPOJEPFTEFDJSEFEØOEFQSPWJFOFMBGVFOUF EF TPOJEP -B IJQØUFTJT TFSÓB MB BVEJDJØO QFSNJUF
UBNCJÏOEFUFSNJOBSMBMPDBMJ[BDJØOEFMTPOJEP
b) -BJOUFODJØOEFFTUBQSFHVOUBFTQFOTBSFOFMTFOUJEP
EFMBWJTUBZRVFFTFDPOPDJNJFOUPQVFEFTFOUBSCBTFT
TPCSF MBT DVBMFT QFOTBS FM TFOUJEP EF MB BVEJDJØO BM
JHVBMRVFMBQSFTFODJBEFEPTPKPTFOMPTRVFIBZTVQFSQPTJDJØO EF DBNQPT WJTVBMFT RVF QFSNJUFO WJTJØO
FTUFSFPTDØQJDBMBQSFTFODJBEFEPTPÓEPTIBDFRVFMB
QFSDFQDJØOEFTPOJEPTTFBFTUFSFPGØOJDB
c) $BEBHSVQPQPESÈQFOTBSTVQSFEJDDJØOPTVQPTJDJØO
QPSFKFNQMPTJOPTUVSOBNPTQBSBQSPEVDJSTPOJEPT
FOUPODFT EFQFOEJFOEP EF MB QPTJDJØO FM BMVNOP "
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
2 La captación de los estímulos
10
BIO3_Docente.indd 10
1/22/10 4:57:19 PM
QPESÈEFUFSNJOBSDPOQSFDJTJØOEFTEFEØOEFQSPWJFne el sonido.
d) $VBOEPMBGVFOUFTFMPDBMJ[BFOKVTUPGSFOUFBMRVF
FTDVDIBMBEJTUBODJBFTMBNJTNBIBTUBBNCPTPÓEPT
QPS MP UBOUP FM TPOJEP MMFHB TJNVMUÈOFBNFOUF B MPT
EPT&ODBNCJPQBSBDVBMRVJFSPUSBMPDBMJ[BDJØOMMFHBSÈQSJNFSPBVOPÓEPVPUSPZFTUPFTMPRVFQFSNJUFMBMPDBMJ[BDJØOEFMBGVFOUF
e) $POFTUBTFHVOEBFYQFSJFODJBMBJEFBFTRVFFMTPOJEP
EFTEFVOBEFUFSNJOBEBQPTJDJØOMMFHVFBPUSPPÓEP&M
BMVNOPDPOGVOEJSÈMBMPDBMJ[BDJØOMPDVBMIBCMBEFMB
GPSNB DPNP FTUPT FTUÓNVMPT TPO JOUFSQSFUBEPT FO FM
DFSFCSP&OFTUBQBSUFFTJNQPSUBOUFRVFMPTBMVNOPT
SFWJTFOMPUSBCBKBEPFOSFMBDJØODPOWJCSBDJPOFTNFDÈOJDBTZQVFEBOQFOTBSTJDPOMBEJTQPTJDJØOEFMPTØSHBOPTFOPUSPTBOJNBMFTUBNCJÏOTFEBFTUFGFOØNFOP&OHFOFSBMFTUPTFWFFOMPTWFSUFCSBEPTZUBNCJÏO
FOMPTJOTFDUPTRVFQPTFFOØSHBOPTUJNQÈOJDPT
f) 1BSBGPSNVMBSOVFWBTIJQØUFTJTTFFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOQFOTBSFOPUSBTWBSJBCMFTQPSFKFNQMPMB
JOUFOTJEBEEFMTPOJEPRVFTFQVFEFEFUFDUBSPMBEJTDSJNJOBDJØOEFGVFOUFTEPTGVFOUFTEFTPOJEPRVFBMBWF[
FTUJNVMBOBMPTGPOPSSFDFQUPSFT
FOUSFPUSBT
OÞNFSPT &TUPT ÞMUJNPT GPSNBO VO USJÈOHVMP FOUSF TÓ
5PEPTFMMPTTPOEFDPMPSOFHSP4FUVWPFODVFOUBRVFFTUPTTJOFTUÏTJDPTBTPDJBOVODPMPSDPOVOOÞNFSPSPKP
WFSEF
21.-BIJQØUFTJTEFMPTJOWFTUJHBEPSFTQPESÓBTFSRVFMBTJOFTUFTJB FT FM SFTVMUBEP EF VOB NF[DMB EF TVT TFOUJEPT FT
EFDJS TVT QFSDFQDJPOFT TFOTPSJBMFT TF NF[DMBO FOUSF TÓ
&TUPTSFTVMUBEPTQBSFDFOUJSBSBCBKPPUSBTIJQØUFTJT#ÈTJDBNFOUFTJMBTQFSTPOBTTJOFTUÏTJDBTNJOUJFSBOTFMFTEJGJDVMUBSÓBFMGÈDJMSFDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMPTOÞNFSPTFOUSF
MPTZFMMPHSØIBDFSMPEFNBOFSBTBUJTGBDUPSJB
22.6OB EF MBT FYQMJDBDJPOFT NÈT GVFSUFT QBSB MB TJOFTUFTJB
QBSFDF TFS MB JOUFSQSFUBDJØO FO MPT DFOUSPT EF QSPDFTBNJFOUP&OTFOUJEPFTQFDÓGJDPEPTÈSFBTEFMDFSFCSPRVF
FOTJUVBDJPOFTOPSNBMFTTFIBMMBOTFQBSBEBTFOUSFTÓTF
FTUJNVMBONVUVBNFOUFZTFNF[DMBOMBTQFSDFQDJPOFT
Páginas 40 y 41
23.
Forma de
energía
Estímulo
Receptor
Lumínica
-V[
Mecánica
1SFTJØONFDÈOJDB .FDBOP
sobre superficie
SSFDFQUPSFT
EFMDVFSQP
WJCSBDJPOFTEFM
NFEJPPOEBT
sonoras,
HSBWFEBE
1FMPTTJTUFNBEF
MBMÓOFBMBUFSBM
sensilias
BVEJUJWBTØSHBOP
UJNQÈOJDPPÓEP
FTUBUPDJTUPT
FTUBUPMJUPT
BQBSBUP
WFTUJCVMBS
Química
4VTUBODJBT
RVÓNJDBTB
EJTUBODJBZQPS
DPOUBDUP
2VJNJP
SSFDFQUPSFT
$ÏMVMBTTFOTJCMFT
GPTFUBT
sensoriales,
papilas
HVTUBUJWBT
DPOEVDUPT
nasales, órgano
EF+BDPCTPO
Térmica
5FNQFSBUVSB
5FSNP
SSFDFQUPSFT
'PTFUBTGBDJBMFT
SFDFQUPSFTEFMB
piel.
Magnética
$BNQP
NBHOÏUJDP
UFSSFTUSF
.BHOFUP
SSFDFQUPSFT
.BHOFUJUBFO
EJTUJOUBTQBSUFT
EFMDVFSQPTFHÞO
FMTFSWJWP
Eléctrica
&MFDUSJDJEBE
&MFDUSP
SSFDFQUPSFT
3FDFQUPSFT
UVCFSPTPTPEF
BNQPMMB
DPODFOUSBEPTFO
MBDBCF[B
alrededor de la
CPDBZFOFM
TJTUFNBEFMB
MÓOFBMBUFSBM
'PUPSSFDFQUPSFT
Página 38
14.1BSBDPOPDFSFMDPOUFYUPFOFMRVFTFEFTBSSPMMBMBWJEBEF
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
.POFU BEFNÈT EF BOBMJ[BS MPT UJFNQPT RVF TF NFODJPOBOFTJNQPSUBOUFRVFMPTBMVNOPTUFOHBOFODVFOUBFM
MVHBSZBMHVOPTIFDIPTIJTUØSJDPT
15. .POFUQSFUFOEÓBQJOUBSUPEBTMBTWBSJFEBEFTEFOFOÞGBSFT
RVFFNQF[ØBDVMUJWBSFOFMKBSEÓOEFTVDBTBFO(JWFSOZ
6OQSPCMFNBEFTBMVEFOTVTPKPTMFJNQJEJØDPOUJOVBS
DPOTVUSBCBKPIBTUBRVFGJOBMNFOUFEFDJEJØPQFSBSTF
16. "NCBTQJOUVSBTQSFUFOEFOSFGMFKBSMPNJTNPTJOFNCBSHP
QVFEFWFSTFBUSBWÏTEFFMMBTRVFEVSBOUFMPTWFJOUFB×PT
FOUSF MB QSJNFSB Z MB TFHVOEB FTUB FOGFSNFEBE BMUFSØ MB
QFSDFQDJØOWJTVBMEFMQJOUPS
17. 4F FTQFSB RVF QVFEBO QFOTBS FO RVF FTUB BMUFSBDJØO TF
EFCFBVOQSPCMFNBFOFMPKPQPSBDVNVMBDJØOEFQJHNFOUPTRVFDPOEVDFBVOBJOUFSQSFUBDJØOEJGFSFOUFEFM
FOUPSOP%FBIÓRVF.POFUZBOPGPSNBSBJNÈHFOFTOÓUJEBTOJEJTUJOHVJFSBGPSNBTZTPMPQFSDJCJFSBMVDFTZTPNCSBT&OFTUFDBTPMPTQJHNFOUPTRVFTFFTUJNVMBOBMPOHJUVEFTEFPOEBDPSSFTQPOEJFOUFTBMWJPMFUBB[VMZWFSEF
TF BDVNVMBSPO FO FM DSJTUBMJOP F JNQJEJFSPO RVF MB MV[
QBTBSBIBTUBMBSFUJOB-BMV[SPKBZBNBSJMMBTFHVÓBQBTBOEPMPRVFIBDÓBRVF.POFUQFSDJCJFSBTVNVOEPFOUPOPT
DÈMJEPTZMVFHPZBTJODPMPSFT
Página 39
18. &MBSUÓDVMPMMFWBFTFOPNCSFEFCJEPBRVFMPTTJOFTUÏTJDPT
EFMPTRVFTFIBCMBQBSFDFODPOGVOEJSPNF[DMBSVOTFOUJEPDPOPUSP
19. -BTIJQØUFTJTRVFTFGPSNVMBSPOFOSFMBDJØODPOFTUFGFOØNFOPTPOIJQØUFTJTFYQMJDBDJPOFTFOSFMBDJØODPOFMBCVTPEFESPHBTIJQØUFTJTMPTTJOFTUÏTJDPTSFNFNPSBOZBTPDJBOFYQFSJFODJBTWJWJEBTFOMBJOGBODJBIJQØUFTJTOPIBCSÓBUBMFOGFSNFEBETPMPVOVTPNFUBGØSJDPEFMMFOHVBKF
20. &MFOTBZPDPOTJTUFFONPTUSBSMFTBEFUFSNJOBEPTTJOFTUÏTJDPTVOBTUBSKFUBTRVFUJFOFOWBSJPTOÞNFSPTZBMHVOPT
Estructuras
implicadas
$ÏMVMBT
GPUPTFOTJCMFT
NBODIBTEF
QJHNFOUPPDFMPT
PKPTJNQMFPKP
DPNQVFTUPZFO
DÈNBSB
11
BIO3_Docente.indd 11
1/22/10 4:57:20 PM
24.
a) -BTEPTGPUPTTPOEFMBNJTNBJNBHFOVOHJSBTPM-B"
b)
c)
d)
e)
TFWFFODPMPSBNBSJMMPZWFSEFNJFOUSBTRVFMB#BQBSFDFFOUPOPB[VMBEPBEFNÈTTFWFDPNPQJYFMBEB
-BTGPUPTTFSFMBDJPOBODPOFMFTUÓNVMPMVNÓOJDP
$PNP TF USBUB EF JNÈHFOFT TPMP QVFEF USBUBSTF EF
TFSFTWJWPTRVFQPTFFOPKPTRVFTPOMPTØSHBOPTWJTVBMFT GPSNBEPSFT EF JNBHFO 1PS PUSP MBEP TF WFO
EJGFSFOUFTBTÓRVFTFUSBUBEFTFSFTWJWPTDVZPTGPUPSSFDFQUPSFTTFFTUJNVMBOFOEJGFSFOUFTSBOHPTEFMPOHJUVEFTEFPOEBZDVZBJOGPSNBDJØOWJTVBMTFJOUFSQSFUBEFGPSNBEJGFSFOUF-BGPUP#DPNPQBSFDFQJYFMBEBQPESÓBTFSQSPEVDUPEFMBFTUJNVMBDJØOEFEJGFSFOUFT QBSUFT 1PESÓB USBUBSTF EF VO PKP DPNQVFTUP EF
WBSJPTPNBUJEJPT
4FFTQFSBRVFQVFEBOQFOTBSFORVFUPEPMPSFGFSFOUF B JOUFSQSFUBDJØO EF JOGPSNBDJØO QPS QBSUF EF MPT
DFOUSPT EF QSPDFTBNJFOUP FT BMHP RVF OP QPEFNPT
BTFHVSBSNÈTBMMÈEFOVFTUSBFYQFSJFODJB%FFTUBNBOFSB OP QPEFNPT BTFHVSBS RVF MB TFHVOEB JNBHFO
TFSÓBQFSDJCJEBEFFTBGPSNBQPSPUSPTTFSFTWJWPT&O
GVODJØOEFJOGPSNBDJØOFYQFSJNFOUBMQPEFNPTBDFSDBSOPTBMNPEPDPNPPUSPTTFSFTWJWPTQPESÓBOQFSDJCJSTVNVOEP
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Página 48
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Página 49
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12
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Página 51
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Página 53
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Página 54
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Página 55
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Página 58
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Página 59
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13
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Página 61
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Página 62
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Página 63
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RVFEFUFSNJOBMBHFSNJOBDJØOFTMBÞMUJNBJMVNJOBDJØOSFDJCJEBZFMQSPDFTPFTSFWFSTJCMF
38.
a) $BEB BMVNOP QPESÈ FOTBZBS BMHVOB IJQØUFTJT QPS
FKFNQMPEVSBOUFMBGPUPNPSGPHÏOFTJTTFBDUJWBOMPT
DSJQUPDSPNPTZMPTGJUPDSPNPT4JDPMPDBNPTVOBQMBOUBCBKPMV[B[VMFOUPODFTFTUBDSFDFSÈNÈTRVFTJTFMB
IBDFDSFDFSFODPOEJDJPOFTEFMV[SPKB
b) 6OBPQDJØOQBSBBSNBSFMEJTF×PEFMBFYQFSJFODJBFT
TJNJMBSBMBSFBMJ[BEBFOMBTFDDJØOi$JFODJBFOUVTNBOPTwBVORVFUBNCJÏOTFQVFEFVUJMJ[BSVOGPDPEFMV[
B[VMPSPKB4JOFNCBSHPFTUBTFHVOEBSFRVJFSFDJFSUPT
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
b) 4FFTQFSBRVFBMDBCPEFVOUJFNQPMBQMBOUBTFNVF-
14
BIO3_Docente.indd 14
1/22/10 4:57:22 PM
DVJEBEPT ZB RVF EFCF EFKBSTF FODFOEJEB EVSBOUF
UPEBMBFYQFSJFODJB
c) 4J TF RVJFSF TBCFS DØNP JOGMVZF FM UJQP EF MV[ FO FM
DSFDJNJFOUPTFEFCFODPNQBSBSBMUVSBTDBOUJEBEEF
IPKBTUJFNQPEFDSFDJNJFOUPFOUSFPUSPTBTQFDUPT
39. -B PQDJØO DPSSFDUB FT MB D
-BT QMBOUBT SFRVJFSFO DJFSUB
DBOUJEBE EF MV[PTDVSJEBE QBSB GMPSFDFS /P PCTUBOUF
FMMBTNJEFOMPTQFSÓPEPTEFPTDVSJEBE&TUBQMBOUBSFRVJFSF NFOPT EF EPDF IPSBT EF MV[ QBSB GMPSFDFS 5BNCJÏO
TBCFNPTRVFFMGPUPQFSÓPEPTFDVFOUBFOGVODJØOEFMEÓB
IT
4JTFJMVNJOBUPEPFMEÓBOPIBCSÈFTUÓNVMPJOEJDBEPSMPNJTNPTVDFEFSÈDPOMBPTDVSJEBE&OFMDBTPE
JOUFSSVNQJFOEP FM QFSÓPEP EF MV[ JOEFQFOEJFOUFNFOUF
EFMNPNFOUPEFMEÓBOVODBQPESÈUFOFSNFOPTEFEPDF
IPSBTEFMV[ZBRVFFTUÈTJFNQSFJMVNJOBEB
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DBTPMBQMBOUBFTUBSÓBNJEJFOEPEPDFIPSBTEFPTDVSJEBE
ZQPSFOEFEPDFIPSBTEFMV[ZFMMBSFRVJFSFNFOPT&O
FMDBTPD
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40.
a) -BTQPMJMMBTSFTQPOEFOBDFSDÈOEPTFBMBMV[
b) &MFTUÓNVMPRVFQSPWPDØMBSFTQVFTUBFTMVNÓOJDP
c) -B SFTQVFTUB EF MBT QPMJMMBT TF QBSFDF BM TJTUFNB EF
IVJEBEFMBDVDBSBDIBFORVFBNCBTTPOSFTQVFTUBT
QSPWPDBEBTQPSFMFTUÓNVMPEFMV[BVORVFFOVOPFT
QPTJUJWB TF BDFSDB
Z FO FM DBTP EF MB DVDBSBDIB FT
OFHBUJWBTFBMFKB
41.
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BSUÓDVMPTRVFQPESÓBOVUJMJ[BSTF6OPEFMPTBSHVNFOUPT
BGBWPSQPESÓBTFSRVFMBTMFPOBTQVFEFOSFDPOPDFSTJ
VO HSVQP SJWBM FT NÈT OVNFSPTP &TUP QBSFDF JOEJDBS
RVF UJFOFO BMHVOB IBCJMJEBE QBSB SFDPOPDFS DBOUJEBEFT6OBSHVNFOUPFODPOUSBEFMJOOBUJTNPQPESÓBTFS
MBDPOEVDUBBHSFTJWBEFMPTHPMQFBEPSFT
b) &MHSVQPQPESÈJODMJOBSTFBOUFVOBVPUSBQPTUVSBP
BSHVNFOUBSRVFMBDPOEVDUBIVNBOBQVFEFQSFTFOUBS
BNCPTDPNQPOFOUFT
42.-BGPUPEFMPTTVSJDBUBTNVFTUSBVODPNQPSUBNJFOUPTPDJBM EF WJHJMBODJB -B GPUP EF MPT QJOHàJOPT NVFTUSB VO
DPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFDVJEBEPTQBSFOUBMFT-BGPUPEFMBWF
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43.
4 Estímulos y respuestas en
las células
Página 73
5. -BNFNCSBOBQMBTNÈUJDBFTFTUSVDUVSBMNFOUFBTJNÏUSJDB
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6. &OMBTQSJODJQBMFTGVODJPOFTEFMBNFNCSBOBQMBTNÈUJDB
DPNPMBQFSNFBCJMJEBETFMFDUJWBMPTSFDFQUPSFTEFNFNCSBOB Z MBT VOJPOFT JOUFSDFMVMBSFT JOUFSWJFOFO MBT QSPUFÓOBT&YJTUFOEPTUJQPTEFQSPUFÓOBTFOMBNFNCSBOBQMBTNÈUJDBMBTQSPUFÓOBTJOUFHSBMFTZMBTQSPUFÓOBTQFSJGÏSJDBT
Página 76
7. -BTTF×BMFTRVÓNJDBTRVFBUSBWJFTBOMBNFNCSBOBQMBTNÈUJDBTPONPMÏDVMBTQFRVF×BTZMJQPTPMVCMFT
Página 79
8.
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FTUJNVMBMBBDUJWJEBEDFMVMBSEFCFSÓBOVUJMJ[BSFMDPSUF
PQSFQBSBEPIJTUPMØHJDP-PTQBTPTBTFHVJSTFSÓBOMPT
EFTDSJQUPTFOMBUÏDOJDB/PIBDFGBMUBFMDPSUFQPSRVF
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Página 80
9. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB
10. Los cinco sabores básicos son el ácido, el salado, el dulce,
FMBNBSHPZFMumami.
11.-PTSFDFQUPSFTQBSBMPTTBCPSFTÈDJEPZTBMBEPTPODBOBMFT
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
MBTBCFKBTEFIFDIPTFMPDPOPDFDPOFMOPNCSFWVMHBSEFiDB[BEPSEFBCFKBTw$VBOEPFTUBMBSWBRVFFT
JNQPSUBOUFQBSBDPOUSPMBSMBTQMBHBTEFMDVMUJWBSEF
QBQBMMFHBBMFTUBEJPEFBEVMUPQPESÓBSFTVMUBSQFSKVEJDJBMQBSBMBBQJDVMUVSB&OUPODFTTFSÓBJNQPSUBOUF
VUJMJ[BSMPBDPODJFODJBFJOWFTUJHBOEPNVZCJFODØNP
VUJMJ[BSMPFGJDB[NFOUF
c)
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&MNPTDBSEØOBUBDBBMFTDBSBCBKPEVSBOUFTVGBTFEF
MBSWB
-PTHVTBOPTTFVCJDBOFOFMTVFMPBQPDPTNFUSPTEF
QSPGVOEJEBE1PTJCMFNFOUFTFEFCBBTF×BMFTRVÓNJDBT
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$VBOEPFMBNCJFOUFUÏSNJDPDBNCJBUBOUP.BMMPQIPSBDPNPFMHVTBOPCMBODPSFTQPOEFOQBTBOEPBVOB
FUBQBEFMFUBSHP
$PNPWJNPTQBSBFMDBTPEFMBTQMBOUBTMPTFGFDUPTEF
MPTJOTFDUJDJEBTQBSBFWJUBSMBTQMBHBTTPOOPDJWPTTPCSFFMBNCJFOUF&OFTUFDBTPOPTFSÓBBTÓ
&MVTPEFMallophoraQPESÓBUFOFSFGFDUPTOFHBUJWPT
TPCSFMBBQJDVMUVSBQPSRVFFOTVGBTFBEVMUBBUBDBB
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MPT/B+SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF-PTSFDFQUPSFTQBSBMPTTBCPSFT
EVMDFBNBSHPZumamiTPOFODBNCJPSFDFQUPSFTBTPDJBEPT B QSPUFÓOBT ( RVF SFTQPOEFO B MPT FTUÓNVMPT EF
NPMÏDVMBT PSHÈOJDBT DPNP MPT B[ÞDBSFT MPT DPNQVFTUPT
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$B2+RVFQSPEVDFMBFYPDJUPTJTEFMOFVSPUSBOTNJTPSZTV
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13. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&MUFNBEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPFOFMTFS
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15
BIO3_Docente.indd 15
1/22/10 4:57:22 PM
FTUBMFDUVSBVOBWF[RVFTFQSPGVOEJDFOMPTDPOPDJNJFOUPT
TPCSFFMDFSFCSPZMBUSBOTNJTJØOEFMJNQVMTPOFSWJPTP
14.$POPDFSDØNPTFSFDJCFODØNPTFSFBMJ[BMBUSBOTEVDDJØO
ZDØNPTFQFSDJCFOMBTTF×BMFTHVTUBUJWBTOPTQVFEFTFSWJSQPSFKFNQMPQBSBNPEJGJDBSDJFSUPTTBCPSFTEFTBHSBEBCMFTEFMPTNFEJDBNFOUPTPNFKPSBSFMTBCPSEFEFUFSNJOBEPTBMJNFOUPT
b)
c)
Página 81
15. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB
16.-PTiSFDFQUPSFTPMGBUPSJPTwTFFODVFOUSBOFOMBNFNCSB-
d)
OBEFMBQJF[BNFEJBPDVFMMPEFMGMBHFMPEFMFTQFSNBUP[PJEF
17.-BTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFTSFBMJ[BEBTQPOFOFOFWJEFODJBRVFMPT
iSFDFQUPSFT PMGBUPSJPTw FTUÈO EJSFDUBNFOUF SFMBDJPOBEPT
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Páginas 82 y 83
18.
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BUSBWFTBSMBEFMBEPBMBEPVOBPWBSJBTWFDFT
6OBCPNCBFTUÈGPSNBEBQPSQSPUFÓOBTJOUFHSBMFTEF
MBNFNCSBOB-BVUJMJ[BMBDÏMVMBFOFMUSBOTQPSUFBDUJWPEFTVTUBODJBTBUSBWÏTEFMBNFNCSBOBQMBTNÈUJDB
6OBTF×BMZVYUBDSJOBFTVOFTUÓNVMPRVFVOBDÏMVMB
JOEVDUPSBFOWÓBBVOBDÏMVMBCMBODP1VFEFIBDFSMPB
USBWÏTEFMPTEFTNPTPNBTPVOJPOFTHBQQFSPUBNCJÏOQPSDPOUBDUPEJSFDUPEFMBDÏMVMBRVFQSFTFOUBMB
TF×BMFOMBNFNCSBOBDPOMBDÏMVMBRVFQPTFFFMSFDFQUPSFTQFDÓGJDP
6ODBOBMJØOJDPFTUÈGPSNBEPQPSVODPOKVOUPEFQSPUFÓOBTJOUFHSBMFTDVZBBQFSUVSBPDJFSSFEFQFOEFEFMB
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21.
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b)
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d) 2
e) '
f) '
a) 7FSEBEFSP
b) 'BMTP -BT CBDUFSJBT SFTQPOEFO B NVDIPT FTUÓNVMPT
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c) 7FSEBEFSP
d) 'BMTP-BTDÏMVMBTEJBOBPCMBODPTPOMBTRVFSFDJCFO
19.
FMFTUÓNVMP
Tipo de
transporte
El monóxido de nitrógeno
atraviesa libremente la bicapa
lipídica.
Fagocitosis
La bomba de sodio-potasio
permite mantener dentro de
la célula bajas concentraciones
de sodio y altas de potasio.
Difusión
facilitada
En la membrana se forman
vesículas que engloban una
bacteria para luego incorporarla al interior celular.
Ósmosis
El calcio atraviesa la membrana con la “ayuda” de proteínas transportadoras, pero
sin gasto de energía.
Transporte
activo a
través de la
membrana
El agua atraviesa la membrana plasmática sin gasto de
energía.
Difusión simple
20.
a) &MUSBOTQPSUFFONBTBTFMMFWBBDBCPDVBOEPMBDÏMVMB
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f) 'BMTP6OBNJTNBTF×BMQVFEFPSJHJOBSEJTUJOUPUJQP
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g) 'BMTP &M DPNQMFKP TF×BMSFDFQUPS UBNCJÏO TF QVFEF
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23.
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NBOUFOFS TV IPNFPTUBTJT FT EFDJS MBT DPOEJDJPOFT
JOUFSOBTEFOUSPEFDJFSUPTMÓNJUFTFTUBCMFT
b) "MHVOBTDÏMVMBTSFHVMBOMBQSPMJGFSBDJØOEFPUSBT/PSNBMNFOUFMBTDÏMVMBTTFSFQSPEVDFODVBOEPSFDJCFO
FMFTUÓNVMPFTQFDÓGJDP%FFTUBNBOFSBTFBTFHVSBOMBT
DBSBDUFSÓTUJDBTZFMUBNB×PEFVOUFKJEPBEFDVBEBTB
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Fenómeno ocurrido
e) 'BMTP -B TF×BM RVF QSPEVDF VO FGFDUP FO MB NJTNB
16
BIO3_Docente.indd 16
1/22/10 4:57:23 PM
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EFMBTDPOTFDVFODJBTTPOFMEFTBSSPMMPEFUVNPSFTDBODFSÓHFOPTRVFQVFEFODPOEVDJSBMBNVFSUFEFMPSHBOJTNP &TUB DPOTJHOB QVFEF USBCBKBSTF Z BNQMJBSTF
MVFHPEFMFFSi-BQPTUBwEFFTUFDBQÓUVMP
24.
a) -BTTF×BMFTFYUFSOBTRVFiBOVODJBOwBMBTDÏMVMBTTPO
GBDUPSFT EF DSFDJNJFOUP RVF FTUJNVMBO MB EJWJTJØO Z
GBDUPSFTJOIJCJEPSFTRVFMBEFUJFOFO
b) -BiDBTDBEBwTFSÓBMBUSBOTEVDDJØOEFMBTF×BM&OFTUB
FUBQBMBTF×BMTFBNQMJGJDB
c) -BTQSPUFÓOBTFODBSHBEBTEFJOJDJBSMBSFTQVFTUBDFMVMBSTPOMBTDJDMJOBTZMBTRVJOBTBT
5 El control nervioso
Página 92
5. 4JFMFTUÓNVMPFTTVGJDJFOUFQBSBEFTQPMBSJ[BSMBNFNCSBOBMBSFTQVFTUBFTMBNJTNB-BEJGFSFODJBFTUÈFOMBGSFDVFODJB " NBZPS FTUÓNVMP NBZPS FT MB GSFDVFODJB EF
iEJTQBSPTw4FFTQFSBRVFQVFEBOFTRVFNBUJ[BSBMHPTJNJMBSBFTUFHSÈGJDPEPOEFTFHÞOMBJOUFOTJEBEEFMFTUÓNVMP
BVNFOUBMBGSFDVFODJBEFQPUFODJBMFTEFBDDJØO&MFKFNQMP EF MB WFMB TFSÓB FM EJCVKP TVQFSJPS Z MB FYQMPTJØO TF
VCJDBSÓBFOFMTFHVOEPFKFNQMP
Intensidad del
estímulo
Potencial de acción
BDFUJMDPMJOBFOFMFTQBDJPTJOÈQUJDPMPRVFQVFEFQSPEVDJS
UFNCMPSFTDBMBNCSFTZDPOUSBDDJØONVTDVMBSQFSNBOFOUF
RVFQVFEFPDBTJPOBSQBSÈMJTJT
Página 97
9. 6ONPEPEFPSHBOJ[BSMBJOGPSNBDJØOUSBCBKBEBTPCSFFM
TJTUFNBOFSWJPTPQVFEFTFS
Sistema nervioso
Constituido por
Función
DFOUSBM4/$
&ODÏGBMPZNÏEVMB
espinal.
Procesar la inforNBDJØOZFMBCPSBS
MBSFTQVFTUB
TPNÈUJDP
4/4
PEF
MBWJEBEF
relación
/FSWJPTRVFQBSUFO
EFMFODÏGBMPZEFMB
NÏEVMBFTQJOBM
-MFWBSMBJOGPSNBDJØOEFTEFMPT
SFDFQUPSFTIBTUB
FM4/$ZMBTSFT
QVFTUBTIBTUBMPT
ØSHBOPTFGFDUPSFT
4VBDDJØOFTWPMVOUBSJBZDPOTDJFOUF
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4/"
P
EFMBWJEB
WFHFUBUJWB
/FSWJPTZHBOHMJPT
$POFDUBSMPT
NÞTDVMPT
JOWPMVOUBSJPTZ
las glándulas con
FM4/$4VBDDJØO
FTJOWPMVOUBSJBF
JODPOTDJFOUF
4FEJWJEFFO4/
TJNQÈUJDPZ4/
QBSBTJNQÈUJDP
QFSJGÏSJDP
4/1
Página 98
10.-PTBYPOFTEFM4/4TFPSJHJOBOFOFMQFDIPSFHJØOUPSÈDJDB
Tiempo
Tiempo
6. 4JFMWBMPSGVFSBDBEBWF[NÈTOFHBUJWPMBNFNCSBOBFTUBSÓBNÈTMFKPTEFMWBMPSVNCSBMQPSMPUBOUPTFSÓBOOFDFTBSJPT FTUÓNVMPT EF NBZPS JOUFOTJEBE QBSB QSPWPDBS VO
QPUFODJBMEFBDDJØO
Página 93
7. -BTFOGFSNFEBEFTEFTNJFMJOJ[BOUFTUJFOFOEJTUJOUPTFGFD© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Página 95
8. "MJOBDUJWBSTFMBFO[JNBTFQSPEVDFVOBBDVNVMBDJØOEF
UPTTFHÞODVÈMFTTFBOMBTOFVSPOBTBGFDUBEBT-BQÏSEJEB
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DPOEVDDJØOEFMJNQVMTPOFSWJPTP4JMBEFTNJFMJOJ[BDJØO
FTMPTVGJDJFOUFNFOUFHSBWFQVFEFTFSRVFFMQPUFODJBMEF
BDDJØO OP MMFHVF DPO TVGJDJFOUF GVFS[B IBTUB FM QSØYJNP
OØEVMPEF3BOWJFSQPSMPUBOUPFMBYØOTFSÈJODBQB[EF
QSPQBHBSFMQPUFODJBMEFBDDJØOZFTUPQVFEFQSPEVDJSMB
QÏSEJEB EFM DPOUSPM NPUPS -PT BGFDUBEPT EF FTDMFSPTJT
NÞMUJQMFTVGSFOEFCJMJEBEGBMUBEFDPPSEJOBDJØOBMUFSBDJPOFTEFMIBCMBZEFMBWJTJØO&TUPTFEFCFBMBTNPEJGJDBDJPOFTRVFTVGSFMBWBJOBEFNJFMJOBEFMPTBYPOFTEFM
DFSFCSP MB NÏEVMB FTQJOBM MB DPMVNOB WFSUFCSBM Z MPT
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11."OUFEFUFSNJOBEBTTJUVBDJPOFTQVFEFPDVSSJSRVFTFFTUJNVMFOBNCPTTJTUFNBTBMBWF[ZTFQSPEV[DBVODPMBQTP
4FHÞOMBJOUFOTJEBEEFMBFTUJNVMBDJØOQSFWBMFDFSÈVOB
SFTQVFTUBVPUSB-BTFOTBDJØOEFCPDBTFDBTFEFCFBMB
BDDJØOTJNQÈUJDBRVFFTUJNVMBMBQSPEVDDJØOEFQFRVF×BTDBOUJEBEFTEFTBMJWBWJTDPTB-BFTUJNVMBDJØOTJNQÈUJDBJOIJCFUPEBTMBTGVODJPOFTEJHFTUJWBTQPSFTPUFOFNPT
FTBTFOTBDJØOFOFMFTUØNBHP&ODVBOUPBMMMBOUPFM4/1
FTUJNVMBMBQSPEVDDJØOEFMÈHSJNBT
Página 101
12.&MBDUPSFGMFKPFTMBSFTQVFTUBDPSSFTQPOEJFOUFBMGVODJPOBNJFOUP EF VO HSVQP EF OFVSPOBT RVF FO DPOKVOUP
DPOTUJUVZFO FM BSDP SFGMFKP &M BSDP SFGMFKP FT MB VOJEBE
GVODJPOBMEFMBDUPSFGMFKP
13.&OMBSFTQVFTUBSFGMFKBJOUFSWJFOFOGJCSBTTFOTJUJWBTZNPUPSBTEFMBNÏEVMBFTQJOBM
Página 102
14.
a) -BUPYJOBCPUVMÓOJDBFTVOBOFVSPUPYJOBRVFJNQJEF
MB MJCFSBDJØO EF BDFUJMDPMJOB FO MBT VOJPOFT OFVSPNVTDVMBSFTPFOPUSBTVOJPOFTDPMJOÏSHJDBTZQSPEVDF
VOB EFOFSWBDJØO QBSDJBM SFWFSTJCMF EF MPT NÞTDVMPT
EPOEFTFJOZFDUBPEFMBTHMÈOEVMBTFYPDSJOBT-VFHP
EFTVJOZFDDJØOJOUSBNVTDVMBSJOUSBEÏSNJDBPJOUSB-
17
BIO3_Docente.indd 17
1/22/10 4:57:24 PM
Página 103
15.
a) -BCFCJEBQSFGFSJEBQBSBMPTBEPMFTDFOUFTRVFDPOTVNFO VO TPMP USBHP FT FM WJOP "QSPYJNBEBNFOUF FM
EFMPTBEPMFTDFOUFT
b) 1BSBBRVFMMPTRVFDPOTVNFOFOUSFZUSBHPTFMWJOP
OPFTMBCFCJEBQSFWBMFDJFOUFTJOPRVFTFPCTFSWBVO
BVNFOUPEFMDPOTVNPEFCFCJEBTGVFSUFTZDFSWF[B
c) 4FHÞO FMHSÈGJDPMPTRVFDPOTVNFO NBZPSDBOUJEBE
EF USBHPT QPS PDBTJØO QSFGJFSFO FO QSJNFS MVHBS MB
DFSWF[BZFOTFHVOEPMVHBSMBTCFCJEBTGVFSUFT
Página 104
16.MB JNQPSUBODJB EFM FTUVEJP SFBMJ[BEP FO FM *OTUJUVUP EF
/FVSPMPHÓBEF-POESFTFTMBSFMBDJØOFOUSFMBQFSDFQDJØO
EFMBGPSNBDPSQPSBMZMBBDUJWJEBEEFMBDPSUF[BQBSJFUBM
17.&MUÓUVMPEFMBOPUBi4FOUJSTFHPSEPPGMBDPFTVOBJMVTJØOw
IBDFSFGFSFODJBBMBTFOTBDJØOEFBEFMHB[BNJFOUPEFMB
DJOUVSBRVFFYQFSJNFOUBSPORVJFOFTTFTPNFUJFSPOBMFTUVEJP
18.-BT[POBTDFSFCSBMFTNÈTBDUJWBTTFJEFOUJGJDBSPOQPSQSFTFOUBSVOBVNFOUPFOFMGMVKPTBOHVÓOFPMPRVFHBSBOUJ[B
VO NBZPS BQPSUF EF OVUSJFOUFT Z PYÓHFOP -B BDUJWJEBE
OFVSPOBMJNQMJDBVOBVNFOUPFOFMNFUBCPMJTNPDFMVMBS
MBHFOFSBDJØOEFQPUFODJBMFTEFBDDJØOZMBUSBOTNJTJØO
EFJOGPSNBDJØOFOGPSNBEFJNQVMTPTOFSWJPTPTBPUSBT
neuronas.
19.&OMB'FSJBEF$JFODJBTEF#BSDFMPOBMPTWJTJUBOUFTWJWFODJBSPOFYQFSJFODJBTTJNJMBSFTBMBRVFBUSBWFTBSPOMPTWPMVOUBSJPTEFMBJOWFTUJHBDJØOBDFSDBEFDØNPFMDFSFCSPWF
MBTGPSNBT
20.6OFKFNQMPEFPUSBTJUVBDJØORVFQVFEBFYQMJDBSTFQPSFM
iFGFDUP1JOPDIPwTFSÓBDVBOEPVOBQFSTPOBPZFFMMMBOUP
JOFYJTUFOUFEFTVCFCÏPFMTPOJEPGJDUJDJPEFTVUFMÏGPOP
DFMVMBSi4POGFOØNFOPTQTJDPBDÞTUJDPTSFMBDJPOBEPTDPO
TPOJEPT DPO VO GVFSUF DPOUFOJEP FNPDJPOBMw 4FHÞO MPT
OFVSPDJFOUÓGJDPT FTUF NFDBOJTNP QPESÓB FYQMJDBS UBNCJÏOMBTFOTBDJØOEFMiNJFNCSPGBOUBTNBwRVFQFSDJCFO
DJFSUBTQFSTPOBTDPONJFNCSPTBNQVUBEPT
Página 105
21.1IJOFBT(BHFGVFUBOGBNPTPQPSMBFYUSBPSEJOBSJBOBUVSBMF[BEFMBDDJEFOUFRVFTVGSJØZQPSFMIFDIPEFTVNJMB-
HSPTB TPCSFWJEB Z SFDVQFSBDJØO &M DBTP EF 1IJOFBT FT
DPOTJEFSBEPMBQSJNFSBQSVFCBEFRVFMPTMØCVMPTGSPOUBMFTTPOSFTQPOTBCMFTEFQSPDFTPTUBOFTFODJBMFTDPNPMBT
FNPDJPOFTMBQFSTPOBMJEBEPMBDPOEVDUB
22.4FWJFSPOBGFDUBEBT[POBTNFEJBMFTZDPSUJDBMFTEFMFODÏGBMP Z SFTVMUØ BGFDUBEP QSJNPSEJBMNFOUF FM IFNJTGFSJP
J[RVJFSEP
23.&MUSÈHJDPJODJEFOUFEF(BHFIJ[PJOTVTUBODJBMMBUFPSÓBEF
RVFMBQSFTFODJBEFQSPUVCFSBODJBTFOFMDSÈOFPFSBSFGMFKPEFMBTGVODJPOFTRVFTFBTFOUBCBONÈTBCBKPUBMDPNP
BGJSNBCB(BMM
24.&TUFDBTPUBOQBSUJDVMBSIBQFSNJUJEPFTUBCMFDFSFMQBQFM
QSJODJQBMRVFFOFMQFOTBNJFOUPZFOOVFTUSBDBQBDJEBE
EFTPDJBCJMJ[BSUJFOFOMBTSFHJPOFTGSPOUBMFTEFMDFSFCSP
FTQFDJBMNFOUFTVQBSUFNFEJBMZCBTBMBTÓDPNPMPTDJSDVJUPT Z TJTUFNBT SFMBDJPOBEPT DPO MBT FNPDJPOFT DVZB
BDUJWBDJØO DPOKVOUB DPO MBT SFHJPOFT GSPOUBMFT QBSUJDJQB
FOGPSNBGVOEBNFOUBMFOMBQMBOJGJDBDJØOZUPNBEFEFDJTJPOFT Z DPOUSJCVZF B EFUFSNJOBS FM UPOP BGFDUJWP EF
OVFTUSBTSFMBDJPOFTTPDJBMFT&MÈSFBJOWPMVDSBEBMMBNBEB
iTJTUFNB MÓNCJDPw FT VO HSVQP EF EJWFSTBT FTUSVDUVSBT
RVFDPMBCPSBOQBSBQSPEVDJSOVFTUSBTFNPDJPOFTJNQVMTPTZDPOEVDUBTNÈTCÈTJDBTZQSJNJUJWBTDPNPFMUFNPS
MBJSBMBUSBORVJMJEBEFMIBNCSFMBTFEFMQMBDFSZMBT
SFTQVFTUBTTFYVBMFT&MTJTUFNBMÓNCJDPJODMVZFFMIJQPUÈMBNPMBBNÓHEBMBZFMIJQPDBNQPBTÓDPNPSFHJPOFTDFSDBOBTEFMBDPSUF[BDFSFCSBM
Páginas 106 y 107
25.5PEBTMBTGVODJPOFTNFODJPOBEBTEFCFOTFSSFBMJ[BEBTQPS
MBTOFVSPOBTZBRVFTPOMBTDÏMVMBTEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTP
26."VORVFFMFTUÓNVMPTFBNÈTJOUFOTPMBBNQMJUVEEFMQPUFODJBMEFBDDJØOOPWBSÓB$VBOUPNÈTQSPGVOEBNFOUFTF
QSFTJPOF MB QJFM TF QSPEVDJSÈO JNQVMTPT OFSWJPTPT DPO
NBZPSGSFDVFODJB&MPSEFOFT%#"$
27.-BGSFOPMPHÓBGVFVOQSJNFSJOUFOUPEFBTJHOBSEJTUJOUBT
GVODJPOFTBDJFSUBT[POBTEFMDFSFCSP"DUVBMNFOUFDVBOEPMBTOFVSPDJFODJBTDPHOJUJWBTDPODJCFOFMDFSFCSPDPNP
VOB NBMMB DPNQMFKB GPSNBEB QPS NJMFT EF NJMMPOFT EF
DÏMVMBT OFSWJPTBT FOUSFMB[BEBT TJUVBEBT FO QVOUPT NVZ
EJTUBOUFTVOBTEFPUSBTZDPPSEJOBEBTFOMBFKFDVDJØOEF
TVTUBSFBTTJHVFWJWBMBQSFPDVQBDJØOQPSMBMPDBMJ[BDJØO
-B EJGFSFODJB GVOEBNFOUBM FT RVF MB GSFOPMPHÓB DPSSFMBDJPOBCBVOBEFUFSNJOBEB[POBDPOVOBGVODJØOFTQFDÓGJDB0USBEJGFSFODJBJNQPSUBOUÓTJNBFTRVFFTUBUFPSÓBTPTUFOÓBRVFMBDBQBDJEBEEFGVODJPOBNJFOUPEFDBEBVOBTF
DPSSFMBDJPOBCBDPOTVUBNB×PZMBFYUFOTJØOQFSJGÏSJDB
"EFNÈTQMBOUFBCBRVFBMTFSFMDPOUPSOPDSBOFBMQBSBMFMP B MB TVQFSGJDJF EFM DFSFCSP VO PCTFSWBEPS QPEÓB MFFS
DBSBDUFSÓTUJDBTNFOUBMFTBQBSUJSEFMBGPSNBEFMDSÈOFP
&TBDMBTJGJDBDJØOEFMPTJOTUJOUPTZEFMBTGBDVMUBEFTNPSBMFTFJOUFMFDUVBMFTBSCJUSBSJBQPSNVDIPTDPODFQUPTOP
UJFOFTVSFQSFTFOUBDJØOFYBDUBFOMPTØSHBOPTDFSFCSBMFT
28.
a) &MHMVUBNBUPFTVOOFVSPUSBOTNJTPSFYDJUBUPSJP"DUÞB
FO MB NFNCSBOB QPTUTJOÈQUJDB &O MPT DBTPT FYQFSJNFOUBMFTFOMPTRVFTFBENJOJTUSBSPODBOUJEBEFTFMFWBEBT EF HMVUBNBUP TF PCTFSWØ RVF FM EB×P FTUBCB
SFTUSJOHJEPBMBTDÏMVMBTQPTUTJOÈQUJDBTMBTEFOESJUBTEF
FTUBT OFVSPOBT FTUBCBO UVNFGBDUBT NJFOUSBT RVF MBT
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
HMBOEVMBSMBUPYJOBTFVOFBMUFSNJOBMOFSWJPTPZMVFHP EF VO QSPDFTP EF JOUFSOBMJ[BDJØO JOHSFTB FO MB
DÏMVMBZBMMÓJNQJEFFMQBTPEFMBBDFUJMDPMJOBBMBIFOEJEVSBTJOÈQUJDBQSPWPDBOEPMBJODBQBDJEBEQBSBMB
DPOUSBDDJØO NVTDVMBS P MB TFDSFDJØO HMBOEVMBS -BT
HMÈOEVMBTTVEPSÓQBSBTSFDJCFOJOFSWBDJØOTJNQÈUJDBZ
TV OFVSPUSBOTNJTPS FT MB BDFUJMDPMJOB "M JOGJMUSBS MB
[POBDPOCØUPYTFJOIJCFMBMJCFSBDJØOEFBDFUJMDPMJOB
ZQPSMPUBOUPTFJOIJCFMBTFDSFDJØOEFTVEPS
b) -BUPYJOBCPUVMÓOJDBTFFTUÈVUJMJ[BOEPDPOHSBOÏYJUP
QBSBUSBUBSMBTBSSVHBT-BBENJOJTUSBDJØOMPDBMQSPEVDFFMSFMBKBNJFOUPEFMPTNÞTDVMPTJOWPMVDSBEPTDPO
VOFGFDUPEFBMJTBEPEFMBQJFM5BNCJÏOQVFEFVUJMJ[BSTFDPNPDPNQMFNFOUPFODBTPTEFIFNJFTQBTNPT
GBDJBMFT QPTUFSJPSFT B VOB QBSÈMJTJT EPOEF TF JOGJMUSB
CJMBUFSBMNFOUFQBSBRVFMBDBSBRVFEFTJNÏUSJDB
18
BIO3_Docente.indd 18
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UFSNJOBDJPOFTQSFTJOÈQUJDBTFSBOEFUBNB×PZGPSNB
OPSNBMFT
b) -BEFTUSVDDJØOOFVSPOBMTFQSPEVDFQPSMBBDUJWBDJØO
QSPMPOHBEBEFMBUSBOTNJTJØOTJOÈQUJDBFYDJUBUPSJBFT
EFDJSEFFGFDUPEFTQPMBSJ[BOUF
29.&OMPTNPNFOUPTBZCRVFTPOTJUVBDJPOFTEFBMBSNBP
FTUSÏTFTUÈBDUVBOEPFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPTJNQÈUJDPQSFQBSBOEPFMDVFSQPQBSBMBIVJEB1PSFTPIBZQBMJEF[EFCJEPBMBWBTPDPOTUSJDDJØOEFMPTWBTPTTBOHVÓOFPTEFMB
QJFM4FFTUJNVMBOMBTHMÈOEVMBTTVEPSÓQBSBTEJTNJOVZFMB
BDUJWJEBEEJHFTUJWBZTFDPOUSBFFMFTGÓOUFSEFMSFDUP)BZ
VONBZPSBQPSUFEFTBOHSFBMPTNÞTDVMPT&MNPNFOUPD
TFDPSSFTQPOEFDPOMBBDDJØOEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPQBSBTJNQÈUJDPZMPTWBMPSFTWVFMWFOBMBOPSNBMJEBE
30.
a) &OMBFOGFSNFEBEEF"M[IFJNFSFTUÈBGFDUBEBMBNFNPSJB BOUFSØHSBEB P EF DPSUP QMB[P QPSRVF OP TF
QVFEFOBQSFOEFSDPTBTOVFWBTBVORVFTÓTFQVFEFO
SFDPSEBSFQJTPEJPTWJWJEPTDPOBOUFSJPSJEBE
b) -B BDFUJMDPMJOB FT VO /5 FYDJUBUPSJP FTFODJBM QBSB FM
QSPDFTPEFNFNPSJBZBQSFOEJ[BKF&OFMDBTPEFM"M[IFJNFSMBEFTUSVDDJØOOFVSPOBMQPSMBTQMBDBTEFMB
QSPUFÓOBBNJFMPJEFEJTNJOVZFMBEFTDBSHBEFBDFUJMDPMJOB MP RVF BGFDUB MB QSPEVDDJØO EF NFNPSJB SFDJFOUFFOFMIJQPDBNQPZMBBNÓHEBMB
31.
a) &MFTUVEJPNPTUSØRVFFMEFMBTDPOTVMUBTBDVEJFSPOBMBTBMBEFFNFSHFODJBQPSBMHÞOQSPCMFNBBTPDJBEPBMDPOTVNPEFTVTUBODJBTQTJDPBDUJWBTZRVFFSB
FMBMDPIPMMBTVTUBODJBEFNBZPSJNQBDUPFOFMTJTUFNB
EFBUFODJØOEFFNFSHFODJBTFOFMQBÓTFTEFDJSRVFEF
MPTQBDJFOUFTRVFIBCÓBODPOTVNJEPBMDPIPMFOMBTTFJT
IPSBTBOUFSJPSFTBMBDPOTVMUBFMEFCÓBMBTJUVBDJØOEFVSHFODJBBEJDIPDPOTVNP&OTFHVOEPMVHBS
TFFODVFOUSBOMBNBSJIVBOBUSBORVJMJ[BOUFTZTFEBOUFTZQPSÞMUJNPDPDBÓOBTJOIBMBCMFTZBOGFUBNJOBT
b) &O MB JOWFTUJHBDJØO SFBMJ[BEB FO MB QSPWJODJB EF -B
1BNQBTFWJPVOBMUPDPOTVNPEFBMDPIPMFOMPTBEPMFTDFOUFT&OFMHSÈGJDPRVFNVFTUSBMPTSFTVMUBEPTEFM
FTUVEJPSFBMJ[BEPFOTBMBTEFFNFSHFODJBTFJEFOUJGJDB
FMBMDPIPMDPNPMBESPHBQSJODJQBMWJODVMBEBBTJUVBDJPOFTEFFNFSHFODJB
c) -PTEBUPTEFMHSÈGJDPBGJSNBOMBHSBOJODJEFODJBRVFUJFOFOMBTESPHBTEFUPEPUJQPFOMBWJEBEJBSJBEFMPTTFSFT
IVNBOPTZBTFBOMFHBMFTPJMFHBMFTZMBHSBOWBSJFEBE
EFTVTUBODJBTRVFFKFSDFOTVBDDJØOTPCSFFM4/$
32.
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
a) &MDVSBSFUJFOFQPDPTFGFDUPTDVBOEPTFJOHJFSFQFSP
DVBOEPQFOFUSBBUSBWÏTEFMBQJFMBDUÞBDPOHSBOSBQJEF[ &KFSDF CMPRVFP DPNQFUJUJWP EF MPT SFDFQUPSFT
DPMJOÏSHJDPTFOMBQMBDBNPUPSBQPSMPUBOUPTFJOIJCF MB DPOUSBDDJØO NVTDVMBS $VBOEP TF BENJOJTUSB
VOB EPTJT BEFDVBEB QPS WÓB JOUSBWFOPTB TF PCTFSWB
VOBEFCJMJEBENPUPSBJOJDJBMRVFQSPHSFTBBQBSÈMJTJT
NVTDVMBS-PTQSJNFSPTNÞTDVMPTFOQBSBMJ[BSTFTPO
MPTPDVMBSFTZMPTGBDJBMFT%FTQVÏTTFBGFDUBMBNVTDVMBUVSB EF MBT FYUSFNJEBEFT EFM DVFMMP Z EFM USPODP
'JOBMNFOUFTFQBSBMJ[BOMPTNÞTDVMPTJOUFSDPTUBMFTZ
FMEJBGSBHNBMPRVFDPOEVDFBMBBQOFBQSPEVDJFOEPMBNVFSUF
b) &M DVSBSF QFSUFOFDF BM HSVQP EF SFMBKBOUFT NVTDVMBSFT
RVFTFVTBOFODJFSUBTDJSVHÓBTZBRVFTFQVFEFMPHSBS
VOBNBZPSSFMBKBDJØONVTDVMBSTJOMMFHBSBMBBOFTUFTJB
6 El control nervioso en los
animales
Página 114
5. &TUBDPOTJHOBQSFUFOEFRVFMPTBMVNOPTUPNFODPODJFODJB
EFMBJNQPSUBODJBEFSFQBTBSZEFUFOFSTFBOUFDPODFQUPTZB
USBCBKBEPTZOFDFTBSJPTQBSBQSPGVOEJ[BSPUSPTDPOUFOJEPT
QPSFKFNQMPIJQFSQPMBSJ[BDJØO
6. &MQBSBNFDJPQVFEFDBNCJBSEFEJSFDDJØOQBSBNBOUFOFSTFBMFKBEPEFMFTUÓNVMPOPDJWPPEFTBHSBEBCMFZQVFEF
SFBDDJPOBS FO GPSNB TJNJMBS QBSB NBOUFOFSTF DFSDB EF
PUSPFTUÓNVMPRVFSFTVMUFBUSBDUJWP5BNCJÏOQVFEFDBNCJBSMBWFMPDJEBEEFOBUBDJØOQFSPFOUPEPTMPTDBTPTIBZ
VOBPSJFOUBDJØOZOPTPMPVODBNCJPEFMNPWJNJFOUPQPS
MPRVFTFDPOTJEFSBVOUBYJTNP
Página 120
7. 4JTFUSBUBEFVOJOWFSUFCSBEPZFYJTUFVOBTPMBNPUPOFVSPOBRVFDPOUSPMBFMNPWJNJFOUPNVTDVMBSVOEB×POFVSPOBMQVFEFTJHOJGJDBSMBJNQPTJCJMJEBEEFNPWJNJFOUPP
IBTUBJODMVTPMBQBSÈMJTJTEFMBOJNBMNÈTBÞOTJTFUSBUBEF
MBNPUPOFVSPOBRVFDPOUSPMBUPEPTMPTNÞTDVMPTEFVOB
FYUSFNJEBE&OFMDBTPEFVOWFSUFCSBEPBMIBCFSSFEVOEBODJBFYJTUFOPUSBTOFVSPOBTRVFJOFSWBOFMNJTNPNÞTculo, con lo cual las consecuencias de la lesión de una
ÞOJDBNPUPOFVSPOBQPTJCMFNFOUFTFBONFOPTHSBWFT
Página 121
8. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB%FQFOEFSÈEFMBSUÓDVMPTFMFDDJPOBEP
Página 122
9. &MSFDFQUPSJOWPMVDSBEPFTVONFDBOPSSFDFQUPS$BQUBWJCSBDJPOFTEFMNFEJPDJSDVOEBOUF&OFTUFDBTPDPNPFTUPTSFDFQUPSFTTPOTFOTJCMFTBMBTWJCSBDJPOFTEFMBTPOEBT
TPOPSBTRVFWJBKBOBUSBWÏTEFMNFEJPIBCMBNPTEFGPOPrrecepción.
10.%VSBOUFNVDIPUJFNQPTFEJTDVUJØTPCSFTJMPTDFGBMØQPEPTFSBODBQBDFTEFQFSDJCJSTPOJEPT-BNFUÈGPSBEFMUÓUVMP IBDF SFGFSFODJB B RVF B QBSUJS EF FTUF IBMMB[HP FT
DPNPTJIVCJFSBFOFMNBSiNÈTPÓEPTwRVFBOUFTZBRVF
TPONÈTMPTBOJNBMFTNBSJOPTRVFQVFEFOFTDVDIBSRVF
MPTRVFTFDSFÓBBOUJHVBNFOUF
11.-PTDFGBMØQPEPTQSFTFOUBOVOTJTUFNBHBOHMJPOBSCJMBUFSBMDPOVOBBDVNVMBDJØOEFHBOHMJPTFOMBDBCF[BRVF
DPOTUJUVZFVOWFSEBEFSPDFSFCSP
12.1BSBDPNQSPCBSTJVOBOJNBMFTTPSEPJOTFSUBOPDPMPDBO
FMFDUSPEPTFOFMDVFSQPEFMBOJNBMZSFHJTUSBOTJTFQSPEVDFODBNCJPTFMÏDUSJDPTDVBOEPFTUJNVMBODPOEJTUJOUPT
sonidos.
13.4FHÞO FM FTUVEJP FM DBMBNBS QVFEF QFSDJCJS TPOJEPT FO
VOBHBNBEFGSFDVFODJBTNÈTBMUBFTEFDJSQVFEFiFTDVDIBSwTPOJEPTRVFFMQVMQPOPEFUFDUBQPSFTPQPESÓBNPT
EFDJS RVF FTDVDIB NFKPS BVORVF MP NÈT DPSSFDUP TFSÓB
EFDJSRVFFTDVDIBNÈTWBSJFEBEEFTPOJEPTZUPOPT
19
BIO3_Docente.indd 19
1/22/10 4:57:25 PM
NJTNBFTQFDJFPUBMWF[EFUFDUBSBMJNFOUPPBQPUFODJBMFT QSFEBEPSFT BVORVF FTUÏO PDVMUPT TJ FT RVF FNJUFO
BMHÞOTPOJEP
15.&OFTUFBSUÓDVMPTFQPOFFOFWJEFODJBFMUSBCBKPFOFRVJQP
EFMPTDJFOUÓGJDPT
Página 123
16.-BOPUJDJBUJFOFEFOPWFEPTPRVFFMBOÈMJTJTEFMHFOPNB
EFDJFSUBFTQFDJFEFFTQPOKBSFWFMBMBQSFTFODJBEFHFOFT
DPOJOGPSNBDJØOTJNJMBSBMBEFDJFSUPTHFOFTRVFDPEJGJDBO QBSB QSPUFÓOBT RVF JOUFSWJFOFO FO MBT TJOBQTJT EFM
TJTUFNBOFSWJPTPIVNBOP-PSFMFWBOUFFTRVFFTUPTHFOFTQPESÓBOTFSMBTCBTFTEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPQSFTFOUFFO
MPTPSHBOJTNPTNÈTFWPMVDJPOBEPT
17.-BBGJSNBDJØOOPFTDPSSFDUB-BTFTQPOKBTOPUJFOFODÏMVMBT FYDJUBCMFT OJ SFTQPOEFO B WBSJBEPT FTUÓNVMPT QPS MP
RVFTFDPOTJEFSBRVFOPQPTFFOVOTJTUFNBOFSWJPTP-B
OPUJDJBQMBOUFBFMIBMMB[HPEFFTUPTHFOFTQFSPTFEFTDPOPDFRVÏGVODJØODVNQMJSÓBOFOMBTFTQPOKBTMBTQSPUFÓnas codificadas por ellos.
18.-PTBOJNBMFTDPOVONPEFMPEFPSHBOJ[BDJØOOFVSBMNÈT
TJNQMFTPOMPTDOJEBSJPTDPODPOFYJPOFTFOGPSNBEFSFE
RVFDPOTUJUVZFOVOQMFYPEJGVTP
Páginas 124 y 125
19.
Modelo de
organización
nerviosa
Características
estructurales
Características
funcionales
Grupos de
organismos
que lo poseen
1MFYP
Red de
neuronas inUFSDPOFDUBEBT
RVFGPSNBO
VOBNBMMB
DPOUJOVB
&MJNQVMTP
se irradia en
UPEBTEJSFDciones.
La reacción es
HFOFSBMJ[BEB
$OJEBSJPT
IJESBTZ
NFEVTBT
FRVJOPEFSNPT
FTUSFMMBTEF
NBSCSBORVJBT
EÏSNJDBT
NPMVTDPTZBSUSØQPEPTQMFYP
JOUFTUJOBM
(BOHMJPOBS
CJMBUFSBM
$BEFOB
OFSWJPTBHBOHMJPOBSWFOUSBM
ZOFSWJPT
TFHNFOUBSJPT
.PWJNJFOUPT
TFHNFOUBSJPT
independienUFT
Tendencia a la
DFGBMJ[BDJØO
1MBUFMNJO
UPTBOÏMJEPT
NPMVTDPT
BSUSØQPEPT
4JTUFNBOFSWJP
TPDFOUSBMZ
QFSJGÏSJDP
4/"Z
TPNÈUJDP
*OUFHSBDJØO
DPNQMFKBEF
funciones.
.FNPSJB
BQSFOEJ[BKFZ
DPNVOJDBDJØO
7FSUFCSBEPT
&ODFGÈMJDP
20.
a) &MHSÈGJDPNVFTUSBFMDPODFQUPEFFODFGBMJ[BDJØO
b) Z c)-BFODFGBMJ[BDJØOFTTJNJMBSQBSBMPTDIJNQBODÏTZMPT
TFSFT IVNBOPT FO FM NPNFOUP EFM OBDJNJFOUP &O MB
BEVMUF[MPTIVNBOPTFTUÈOGVFSBEFMBFTDBMBDVBOEPTF
DPNQBSBTVFODFGBMJ[BDJØODPOMBEFMPTPUSPTTJNJPT
d) -B SFMBDJØO QFTP DFSFCSBMQFTP DPSQPSBM FO FM FTUBEP
BEVMUPFTBQSPYJNBEBNFOUFWFDFTNBZPSFOMPTIVNBOPTSFTQFDUPEFMPTTJNJPT&MDFSFCSPEFMPTNBNÓ-
GFSPTBVNFOUBBNFEJEBRVFMPIBDFFMUBNB×PDPSQPSBMQFSPMPIBDFFOGPSNBQSPQPSDJPOBMNFOUFNFOPS
DVBOUPNBZPSFTFMPSHBOJTNP%VSBOUFFMQSPDFTPEF
IPNJOJ[BDJØOTFQSPEVKPVOFOPSNFEFTBSSPMMPEFMDFSFCSP6OPEFMPTSBTHPTRVFMFTIBOPUPSHBEPBMPTTFSFTIVNBOPTTVQPUFODJBMEJGFSFODJBMQBSFDFTFSFMBVNFOUPFOFMOÞNFSPEFDPOFYJPOFTOFVSPOBMFT
21. 1PESÈOBSNBSVODVBESPTJNJMBSBFTUF
Invertebrados
Vertebrados
1MFYPEJGVTPPTJTUFNBHBOHMJPOBS &ODFGÈMJDP
CJMBUFSBM
$FSFCSPGPSNBEPQPSGVTJØOEF
ganglios.
&ODÏGBMPDPOEJTUJOUBTSFHJPOFTZ
funciones
4JTUFNBOFSWJPTPEFVCJDBDJØO
WFOUSBM
4JTUFNBOFSWJPTPEFVCJDBDJØO
dorsal.
5FOEFODJBBMBDFGBMJ[BDJØO
5FOEFODJBBMBVNFOUPEFUBNB×P
ZDPNQMFKJEBE
22.-BEJGFSFODJBGVOEBNFOUBMFOUSFFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPIVNBOPZFMEFPUSPTNBNÓGFSPTSBEJDBFOFMEFTBSSPMMPEF
MBDPSUF[BDFSFCSBM
23.
a) &MVOJWFSTPTFOTPSJBMEFVOBHBSSBQBUBZFMEFVOTFS
IVNBOPTPOEJGFSFOUFTFTUPUJFOFRVFWFSDPOMBQFSDFQDJØOEFFTUÓNVMPTFMUJQPEFSFDFQUPSFTTFOTPSJBMFTJOWPMVDSBEPTZFMTJTUFNBEFJOUFHSBDJØOEFUPEPT
MPT FTUÓNVMPT RVF QFSNJUF B VO BOJNBM QFSDJCJS Z
USBOTNJUJSJOGPSNBDJØOZFMBCPSBSVOBSFTQVFTUB
b) &OFMDBTPEFMÈHVJMBTFUSBUBEFVONVOEPiEPNJOBEPwQPSMBWJTUB&OFMDBTPEFMNVSDJÏMBHPQPSMBFDPMPDBDJØO&MNVOEPEFDBEBVOPFTFYUSB×PQBSBFMPUSP
QPSRVFTFQFSDJCFZTFDPODJCFEFEJGFSFOUFGPSNB
24.3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB
25.-BJMVTUSBDJØONVFTUSBMBFWPMVDJØOEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTP
EFTEFMPTDOJEBSJPTIBTUBMPTNBNÓGFSPT-BFWPMVDJØOIB
DPOEVDJEPBMBVNFOUPEFMBDPNQMFKJEBEHSBDJBTBMBBQBSJDJØOEFHSVQPTEFOFVSPOBTRVFGPSNBOHBOHMJPTZEF
WÓBTOFSWJPTBTEFDPNVOJDBDJØOSÈQJEBMPTOFSWJPT&MTJHVJFOUFQBTPEFBVNFOUPEFDPNQMFKJEBEIBTJEPFMQSPDFTPEFDFGBMJ[BDJØOZMVFHPMBFODFGBMJ[BDJØO
7 El control endocrino
Página 134
6. -B DPPQFSBDJØO BSNPOJPTB FOUSF MPT ØSHBOPT QMBOUFBEB
por el consensus partiumQPESÓBTFSVOBBOBMPHÓBEFMPT
QSJODJQJPTRVFKVTUJGJDBCBOMBiPSHBOPUFSBQJBwFTEFDJSFM
SFFNQMB[PEFVOØSHBOPFOGFSNPPGBMUBOUFQBSBSFDVQFSBSMBBSNPOÓBQFSEJEB
7. 4JNJMJUVEFTFOUSFMPTFYQFSJNFOUPTEF#FSUIPMEZMPTEF
4UBSMJOHZ#BZMJTTBNCPTUSBCBKBSPODPOØSHBOPTEFOFSWBEPTQBSBEFTDBSUBSFMFGFDUPEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPFOTVT
FYQFSJNFOUPT&OBNCPTDBTPTMBTVTUBODJBSFTQPOTBCMF
EFMFGFDUPMPHSBEPTFUSBOTQPSUBCBQPSMBTBOHSF%JGFSFODJBT#FSUIPMEDPOFDUBCBMPTUFTUÓDVMPTFODVBMRVJFSQBSUF
EFM DVFSQP EFM HBMMP Z FTUP QFSNJUÓB RVF MBT TVTUBODJBT
GBCSJDBEBT QPS FTUPT ØSHBOPT DJSDVMBSBO QPS MB TBOHSF
QSPEVDJFOEP FGFDUP TPCSF FM EFTBSSPMMP EF MB DSFTUB Z MB
DPOEVDUBEFMBOJNBM4UBSMJOHZ#BZMJTTDPNFO[BSPODPNQSPCBOEPRVFMBMJCFSBDJØOEFKVHPQBODSFÈUJDPOPSFRVF-
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
14.1PESÓBQFSNJUJSMFTMBDPNVOJDBDJØODPONJFNCSPTEFTV
20
BIO3_Docente.indd 20
1/22/10 4:57:25 PM
SÓBFMBQPSUFEFMOFSWJPWBHP-VFHPDVBOEPMPHSBSPOPCUFOFSMBTVTUBODJBSFTQPOTBCMFMBJOZFDUBSPOFOMBTBOHSF
EJSFDUBNFOUF B EJGFSFODJB EF #FSUIPME RVF OP MPHSØ
JEFOUJGJDBSMB
Página 137
8. La palabra mellitusEFSJWBEFVOBQBMBCSBHSJFHBRVFTJHOJGJDBiNJFMwZFMOPNCSFIBDFBMVTJØOBRVFFOFTUBEPT
BWBO[BEPTEFMBFOGFSNFEBEMBPSJOBUJFOFVOTBCPSEVMDF-BQSJNFSBJOEJDBDJØOGVFNÈTCJFOJOEJSFDUBZBRVF
MBPSJOBEFMPTEJBCÏUJDPTTPMÓBBUSBFSBMBTNPTDBT5BNCJÏO FT QSPCBCMF RVF MPT NÏEJDPT QSPCBSBO MB PSJOB EF
TVTQBDJFOUFT&OFMRVÓNJDPGSBODÏT.JDIFM&VHFOF
$IFWSFVMDPOTJHVJØEFNPTUSBSRVFFMTBCPSEVMDFTFEFCÓB
BMBQSFTFODJBEFB[ÞDBSHMVDPTB
9. 1BSBEFUFDUBSB[ÞDBSFOMBPSJOBQVFEFODBMFOUBSTFFOVO
UVCP EF FOTBZP VOBT QPDBT HPUBT FO VOB TPMVDJØO RVF
DPOUJFOFTVMGBUPEFDPCSFRVFFTB[VM4JMBHMVDPTBFTUÈ
QSFTFOUFTFGPSNBØYJEPEFDPCSFRVFFTEFDPMPSSPKJ[P
FJOTPMVCMFQPSMPRVFTFFODVFOUSBVOQSFDJQJUBEPSPKJ[P
FOFMGPOEPEFMUVCP-PDPOWFOJFOUFFTNFEJSMBHMVDFNJBQBSBMPDVBMTFVUJMJ[BFMUFTUEFUPMFSBODJBBMBHMVDPTBRVFNJEFFMEFTDFOTPEFMOJWFMEFHMVDPTBFOTBOHSF
EFTQVÏTEFVOBJOHFTUBDPOBMUPDPOUFOJEPEFB[ÞDBS%FCJEP B RVF GSFOUF B DPODFOUSBDJPOFT BMUBT EF HMVDPTB FM
QÈODSFBTSFTQPOEFSÈQJEBNFOUFTFDSFUBOEPJOTVMJOBFO
VOBQFSTPOBTBOBFMOJWFMEFB[ÞDBSSFHSFTBBMBOPSNBMJEBEEFOUSPEFMBTEPTIPSBTTJHVJFOUFT4JQPSFMDPOUSBSJPFMOJWFMQFSNBOFDFFMFWBEPEVSBOUFUSFTIPSBTPNÈT
JOEJDBVOBSFTQVFTUBEFGJDJFOUFEFMQÈODSFBTZFTQSPCBCMFRVFMBQFSTPOBFTUÏDVSTBOEPMBFOGFSNFEBE
10.$VBOEPMBTBOHSFFTGJMUSBEBQPSMPTSJ×POFTTFFMJNJOBO
TVTUBODJBTEFEFTFDIP-BHMVDPTBRVFQBTBQPSMPTSJ×POFT FT SFDVQFSBEB Z WVFMWF B MB TBOHSF &O DPOEJDJPOFT
OPSNBMFT TF SFBCTPSCF UPEB MB HMVDPTB Z OP TF FMJNJOB
QPSMBPSJOB4JFMOJWFMEFHMVDFNJBFTFMFWBEPMBSFDVQFSBDJØOEFHMVDPTBQPSFMSJ×ØOTFNPEJGJDBZFTUFQVFEF
SFBCTPSCFSNFOPTBHVBQPSMPUBOUPTFQSPEVDFVOHSBO
WPMVNFOEFPSJOB1PSFTBSB[ØOBOUJHVBNFOUFTFMBMMBNBCBiNBMEFMBPSJOBw
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Página 139
11.-BGBTFGPMJDVMBSDPSSFTQPOEFBMEFTBSSPMMPEFMGPMÓDVMPZMB
NBEVSBDJØOEFMPWBSJPIBTUBFMNPNFOUPEFMBPWVMBDJØO
*OUFSWJFOFO(O3)'4)-)ZFTUSØHFOPT-BGBTFMÞUFBDPNJFO[B DPO MB MJCFSBDJØO EFM ØWVMP Z MB GPSNBDJØO EFM
DVFSQPMÞUFPIBTUBTVEFTBQBSJDJØOZFMDPNJFO[PEFMB
NFOTUSVBDJØO *OUFSWJFOFO MBT IPSNPOBT FTUSØHFOPT Z
QSPHFTUFSPOB
12.-VFHP EF QSPEVDJSTF MB PWVMBDJØO EJTNJOVZF MB QSPEVDDJØOEFFTUSØHFOPT&MDVFSQPMÞUFPDPNJFO[BBQSPEVDJS
QSPHFTUFSPOBRVFJOIJCFBMIJQPUÈMBNPZOPTFMJCFSBO
MBT IPSNPOBT EF MB PWVMBDJØO 4J OP IBZ FNCBSB[P FM
DVFSQPMÞUFPEFEFTJOUFHSBZTFQSPEVDFMBNFOTUSVBDJØO
-BDBÓEBEFQSPHFTUFSPOBGSFOBMBJOIJCJDJØOIJQPUBMÈNJDB TF MJCFSBO MBT IPSNPOBT IJQPGJTBSJBT '4) Z -) Z DPNJFO[BFMEFTBSSPMMPEFMPTGPMÓDVMPTIBTUBMMFHBSBMBNBEVSBDJØOZFYQVMTJØOEFMØWVMP-BJEFBFTRVFBMDPOUÈSTFMPBPUSPTQVFEBOBGJBO[BSFMDPODFQUPEFDJDMP
Página 143
13.
a) &TQSPCBCMFRVFFMJOHSFTPEFBJSFGSÓPQSPWPRVFVO
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
EFTDFOTPEFMBUFNQFSBUVSBBNCJFOUBMZFMUFSNPTUBUPMPEFUFDUFFOUPODFTTFFODFOEFSÈMBMMBNB
%FQFOEFSÈEFDVÈMTFBMBUFNQFSBUVSBFYUFSJPSZFO
RVÏFTUBEPTFFODVFOUSFMBFTUVGBBMEFTDPNQPOFSTF
FMUFSNPTUBUP4JMBFTUVGBFTUÈBQBHBEBZFTUBNPTFO
JOWJFSOP DVBOEP MBT UFNQFSBUVSBT FYUFSOBT TVFMFO
TFSNFOPSFTEF$MBFTUVGBQFSNBOFDFSÈBQBHBEB
QPSRVF FM UFSNPTUBUP OP SFHJTUSB MB EJGFSFODJB 4J TF
FODVFOUSBFODFOEJEBQFSNBOFDFSÈBTÓIBTUBRVFMB
UFNQFSBUVSBTVCBQPSFODJNBEFMPT$ZFMUFSNPTUBUPJOUFSSVNQBFMHBT
&MUFSNPTUBUPRVFPCTUSVZFPQFSNJUFFMQBTPEFMHBT
FOFMNPEFMPDPUJEJBOPFTFMRVFSFHJTUSBMBEJGFSFODJB
EF UFNQFSBUVSBT &O FM NPEFMP DJFOUÓGJDP TFSÓB VOB
QBSUFEFMTJTUFNBFOEPDSJOPFOFTUFDBTPFMQÈODSFBT
RVFFTFMRVFEFUFDUBFMBVNFOUPPMBEJTNJOVDJØOEF
MBHMVDFNJBZTJOUFUJ[BZTFDSFUBMBJOTVMJOB
-BJOUFSSVQDJØOEFMHBTFTMBSFTQVFTUBEFMUFSNPTUBUPB
MBEJTNJOVDJØOEFUFNQFSBUVSBBNCJFOUF4FDPSSFTQPOEFDPOMBTFDSFDJØOEFJOTVMJOBZMBEJTNJOVDJØOEFMB
HMVDFNJBFOFMNPEFMPDJFOUÓGJDP
&MNPEFMPEFSFHVMBDJØOEFMBHMVDFNJBNFEJBOUFMB
TÓOUFTJTZTFDSFDJØOEFIPSNPOBTQBODSFÈUJDBTFTNVDIPNÈTDPNQMFKPRVFFMNPEFMPEFSFHVMBDJØOEFM
UFSNPTUBUP Z MB PCUVSBDJØO EFM QBTP EFM HBT RVF FT
CBTUBOUFTFODJMMP1PSFKFNQMPTJEFDJNPTRVFMBJOUFSSVQDJØOEFMHBTMBSFTQVFTUBEFMUFSNPTUBUP
TFDPSSFTQPOEFDPOMBTFDSFDJØOEFJOTVMJOBMBSFTQVFTUB
EFM QÈODSFBT
FO FM NPEFMP EFM UFSNPTUBUP OP FTUÈ
SFQSFTFOUBEBMBBDDJØOEFMBJOTVMJOBRVFFTFMJOHSFTPEFMBHMVDPTBFOMBTDÏMVMBTTJOPMBDPOTFDVFODJB
EFFMMPRVFFTMBSFHVMBDJØOEFMBHMVDFNJB
"OUFVONBMGVODJPOBNJFOUPEFMUFSNPTUBUPQPESÓBNPTQFOTBSFORVFFMQÈODSFBTOPQVFEFEFUFDUBSVO
EFTDFOTPEFMBHMVDFNJBQFSPTÓQVFEFQFSDJCJSFMBVNFOUP&OFTUFDBTPSFTQPOEFBMBVNFOUPMJCFSBOEP
JOTVMJOBQFSPOPSFTQPOEFBMBEJTNJOVDJØOTFDSFUBOdo glucagón.
Página 144
14.-BDBTUSBDJØOJNQMJDBMBGBMUBEFHBNFUPTZQPSMPUBOUP
QSPEVDFFTUFSJMJEBE4VTFGFDUPTEFQFOEFOEFMNPNFOUP
EFMBWJEBFORVFTFMMFWBBDBCP$VBOUPNÈTUFNQSBOB
NBZPSFTDPOTFDVFODJBTQSPEVDF
15.&OMPTBOJNBMFTMBTSB[POFTEFMPTDSJBEPSFTQBSBDBTUSBSMPTTPONVDIBTNFKPSBSFMTBCPSEFMBDBSOFEJTNJOVJS
DPOEVDUBT BHSFTJWBT RVF UFSNJOBO FO MVDIBT JOUFSNJOBCMFTTPCSFUPEPFOÏQPDBTEFDFMP
ZPDBTJPOBONVFSUFTZ
HSBOEFTQÏSEJEBTFDPOØNJDBT
16.&MBVNFOUPEFMBUFTUPTUFSPOBQSPEVDJEBQPSMPTUFTUÓDVMPT FTUJNVMB FM BMBSHBNJFOUP Z FOHSPTBNJFOUP EF MBT
DVFSEBTWPDBMFTVOPEFMPTUBOUPTDBSBDUFSFTTFDVOEBSJPT
QSPQJPTEFMPTWBSPOFT"MDBTUSBSMPTOPIBZQSPEVDDJØO
EFUFTUPTUFSPOBZOPTFEFTBSSPMMBOFTUPTDBSBDUFSFTQPS
FTPDPOTFSWBOMBWP[iBGMBVUBEBwEFMBOJ×F[
17.4FMPTDBTUSBCBBOUFTEFMMFHBSBMBQVCFSUBEDPOFMGJOEF
QSFTFSWBSTVBHVEBWP[JOGBOUJM%FCÓBIBDFSTFBOUFTEFMB
21
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Página 145
21.-BBMUFSBDJØOPSJHJOBEJTUJOUBTFOGFSNFEBEFTTFHÞOFMNPNFOUPEFMBWJEBEFMBQFSTPOB4JFTUÈFOMBOJ×F[PQVCFSUBEMBIPSNPOBBDUÞBTPCSFUPEPTMPTUFKJEPTQPSFTPIBZ
VOBVNFOUPEFUBNB×PEFUPEPTMPTØSHBOPT4JIBZVOB
QSPEVDDJØO FYDFTJWB EF IPSNPOB EF DSFDJNJFOUP FO MB
BEVMUF[DVBOEPZBTFIBOPTJGJDBEPMPTDBSUÓMBHPTEFDSFDJNJFOUPTPMPTJHVFODSFDJFOEPDJFSUPTIVFTPTDPNPMPTEF
MBNBOEÓCVMBJOGFSJPSPMPTEFMBTFYUSFNJEBEFTZTFQSPEVDFBDSPNFHBMJB&OMPTDBTPTDPNPFMEF3PCFSU1FSTIJOH
8BEMPX BMHVOPT JOGPSNFT TF SFGJFSFO B MB FOGFSNFEBE
DPNPHJHBOUPESPNFHBMJBRVFFTNVZQPDPGSFDVFOUF&TUF
HJHBOUFQFTBCBNÈTEFLHBMPTTFJTNFTFTEFFEBEZ
DPOUJOVØ DSFDJFOEP B VO SJUNP EFTBDPTUVNCSBEP B MPT
PDIPB×PTNFEÓBN
22.&O DBTP EF VO BVNFOUP GJTJPMØHJDP FO DPOEJDJPOFTOPSNBMFT
EFQSPEVDDJØOEFIPSNPOBEFDSFDJNJFOUPTVOJWFMFOTBOHSFSFUSPBMJNFOUBOFHBUJWBNFOUFBMIJQPUÈMBNP
ZBMBIJQØGJTJTRVFGSFOBOTVQSPEVDDJØO&OFMHJHBOUJTNPFMFYDFTPEFQSPEVDDJØOEFTPNBUPUSPQJOBTFEFCFB
VO UVNPS RVF BDUJWB MB SFQSPEVDDJØO DFMVMBS Z IBZ NÈT
DÏMVMBTQSPEVDJFOEPNÈTIPSNPOB
23.-PTGBNPTPTFOBOPTEFDJSDPTVFMFOTFSFOBOPTQPSEFGJDJFODJBEFIPSNPOBTUJSPJEFBTFOGFSNFEBEMMBNBEBiDSFUJOJTNPw -BT QFSTPOBT RVF QBEFDFO FTUB FOGFSNFEBE
QVFEFOUFOFSSFUSBTPNFOUBMTFWFSPZGBMUBEFDSFDJNJFOUPRVFDPOEVDFBVOBGPSNBEFTQSPQPSDJPOBEBEFMDVFSQPDPOVONBZPSBVNFOUPEFMUBNB×PEFMBDBCF[BZMBT
QJFSOBTOPUBCMFNFOUFDPSUBT-BTNVKFSFTCBSCVEBTPDPO
NVDIPWFMMPDPSQPSBMUBNCJÏOTFIJDJFSPOGBNPTBTFOMPT
circos.
24.-BQSFHVOUBTPCSFMBQSFTFODJBFOFMDJOFEFQFSTPOBTDPO
FOGFSNFEBEFTTFPSJFOUBBQSPNPWFSMBSFGMFYJØOBDFSDB
EFMBVUJMJ[BDJØOEFQFSTPOBTDPOFTUBTVPUSBTQBUPMPHÓBT
FOTJUVBDJPOFTRVFNVDIBTWFDFTSFTVMUBOCPDIPSOPTBTZ
MBTQPOFOFOSJEÓDVMP
Página 146
25.
a) &TJOUFSFTBOUFMPRVFPDVSSJØFOFMMBCPSBUPSJPEFMDJFO-
UÓGJDPSVTPBOUFFMEFTDVCSJNJFOUPEFMPTJOHMFTFT1BWMPW FYQFSUPFOGJTJPMPHÓBEJHFTUJWB SFQJUJØFMFYQFSJNFOUPFOTVTJOTUBMBDJPOFTZDPNQSPCØRVFTVTDPMFHBT
UFOÓBO SB[ØO &TUP MP DPOEVKP B MB SFBMJ[BDJØO EF MPT
FYQFSJNFOUPTRVFEFNPTUSBSPOMBFYJTUFODJBEFSFGMFKPT DPOEJDJPOBEPT FO MPT DVBMFT VO FTUÓNVMP OFVUSP
DPOEJDJPOBEPQVFEFHFOFSBSTBMJWBZKVHPHÈTUSJDPBVORVFOPIBZBDBSOFEFQPSNFEJP-BQBSUJDJQBDJØOEFM
TJTUFNBOFSWJPTPGVFSFDPOPDJEBJOUFSOBDJPOBMNFOUFZ
FO1BWMPWSFDJCJØFM1SFNJP/PCFMEF.FEJDJOB&M
DPOUSPMEFMDFSFCSPTPCSFMBTTFDSFDJPOFTEJHFTUJWBTZEF
PUSBTHMÈOEVMBTGVFSFDPOPDJEPFOMBTÞMUJNBTEÏDBEBT
EFMTJHMPYYDVBOEPFNFSHJØDPOGVFS[BFMDBNQPEFMB
OFVSPFOEPDSJOPMPHÓBZMPTQÏQUJEPTDFSFCSPJOUFTUJOBMFTQFSPTPCSFUPEPFTUPTSFGMFKPTWJTDFSBMFTGVFSPOMB
CBTFQBSBFMNPEFSOPFTUVEJPEFMBTSFMBDJPOFTFOUSFFM
DFSFCSPZMBDPOEVDUB&TEFDJSBNCPTHSVQPTEFDJFOUÓGJDPTUFOÓBOSB[ØOBVORVFTVTDPODFQUPTTFUPNBSPO
JOJDJBMNFOUFDPNPEJWFSHFOUFTFMDPOUSPMGJTJPMØHJDPFT
OFSWJPTPZFTIPSNPOBM
b) -PTFHJQDJPTQMBOUFBCBORVFFMDVFSQPFTUBCBDPOFDUBEP QPS VO TJTUFNB EF WBTPT RVF USBOTQPSUBCBO MÓRVJEPTMPTHSJFHPTZMPTSPNBOPTQPTUVMBCBORVFMBTFOGFSNFEBEFT QSPWFOÓBO EF VO EFTFRVJMJCSJP FOUSF MPT
IVNPSFTMÓRVJEPTEFMDVFSQP4JCJFOFMDPODFQUPEFMÓRVJEPTRVFSFDPSSFOFMDVFSQPZUSBOTQPSUBOTVTUBODJBT
OPFTUBCBQSFTFOUFQPSRVFMBDJSDVMBDJØOTBOHVÓOFBTF
QMBOUFBSÓB WBSJPT TJHMPT EFTQVÏT MB JEFB EF IVNPSFT
MÓRVJEPTRVFFODPOKVOUPBQPSUBOFMFRVJMJCSJPOFDFTBSJPQBSBVOFTUBEPEFTBOJEBEQPESÓBDPOTJEFSBSTFVOB
BOBMPHÓB EF MB SFHVMBDJØO RVF FKFSDFO MBT IPSNPOBT
TPCSFEJTUJOUPTØSHBOPTRVFQFSNJUFVOGVODJPOBNJFOUPFRVJMJCSBEPEFMPSHBOJTNP%FFTUBNBOFSBMBJEFB
BOUJHVBEFiFRVJMJCSJPwQPESÓBSFMBDJPOBSTFDPOFMBDUVBMDPODFQUPEFIPNFPTUBTJTNFEJBEPQPSMBJOUFHSBDJØOEFMTJTUFNBFOEPDSJOPZFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTP
c) -BTIPSNPOBTQPESÓBOSFMBDJPOBSTFDPOFMDPODFQUPEF
MPTIVNPSFT-BiPSHBOPUFSBQJBwQMBOUFBCBMBJEFBEF
SFFNQMB[BS VO ØSHBOP RVF GVODJPOBCB NBM QPS PUSP
ØSHBOP TBOP -PT FYQFSJNFOUPT NÈT BDUVBMFT FO MPT
DVBMFTMBFYUJSQBDJØOEFVOØSHBOPZTVQPTUFSJPSSFJNQMBOUBDJØO SFTUJUVZFO MBT GVODJPOFT QPESÓBO SFMBDJPOBSTFDPOFTUFDPODFQUPFOUFOEJFOEPRVFFTFMBQPSUF
IPSNPOBMFMSFTQPOTBCMFEFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPOPSNBM
-B SFMBDJØO FOUSF MPT IVNPSFT Z MPT UFNQFSBNFOUPT
QVFEFSFMBDJPOBSTFDPOFMDPOUSPMIPSNPOBMEFMBDPOEVDUBTFYVBMPMBTSFBDDJPOFTGSFOUFBMFTUSÏT
d) -B iPSHBOPUFSBQJBw QMBOUFBCB MB JOHFTUB EFM ØSHBOP
TBOPQBSBDVSBSFMØSHBOPFOGFSNP)PZTBCFNPTRVF
FTOFDFTBSJPSFTUJUVJSFMBQPSUFTBOHVÓOFPEFMBTIPSNPOBT JOWPMVDSBEBT -PT IVNPSFT EF MB "OUJHàFEBE
FSBOMÓRVJEPTEJTQFSTPTQPSFMDVFSQPQFSPOPDPOFDUBEPTFOUSFTÓZBRVFOPFYJTUÓBMBJEFBEFVOTJTUFNB
DJSDVMBUPSJPBUSBWÏTEFMDVBMMBTIPSNPOBTPMPTEJTUJOUPT OVUSJFOUFT TF EJTUSJCVZFSBO &M DPOPDJNJFOUP
BDUVBMTPCSFFMTJTUFNBFOEPDSJOPQFSNJUFFYQMJDBSMPT
NFDBOJTNPTEFBDDJØOEFMBTIPSNPOBTMPDVBMFSB
JNQPTJCMFFOMB"OUJHàFEBE
26.-PTNÏEJDPTQJFOTBORVFFMQFTPFYUSBPSEJOBSJPEFMCFCÏ
QVFEFEFCFSTFBMBEJBCFUFTRVFTVGSFMBNBESFMPRVF
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
NBEVSBDJØOTFYVBMQBSBFWJUBSMPTFGFDUPTEFMBUFTUPTUFSPOBTPCSFMBTDVFSEBTWPDBMFT
18.4JMBDBTUSBDJØOTFSFBMJ[BSBBMPTWFJOUFB×PTOPUFOESÓBFM
NJTNPFGFDUPTPCSFMBWP[QPSRVFZBTFIBCSÓBONPEJGJDBEPMBTDVFSEBTWPDBMFT&ODBNCJPMBGFSUJMJEBETÓTFWFSÓB BGFDUBEB QPSRVF OP IBCSÓB QSPEVDDJØO EF HBNFUPT
-BTDPOTFDVFODJBTEFQFOEFOBEFNÈTEFTJMBDBTUSBDJØO
FTUPUBMBNCPTUFTUÓDVMPT
PQBSDJBMVOTPMPUFTUÓDVMP
19.&OMBTNVKFSFTMBWP[TFIBDFNÈTSPODBQFSPNVDIPNFOPT RVF FO MPT IPNCSFT QPSRVF MPT BOESØHFOPT FTUÈO
QSFTFOUFTFOBNCPTTFYPTQFSPFONFOPSDBOUJEBEFOFM
GFNFOJOP
20."EFNÈTEFMBWP[BHVEBMPTDBTUSBEPTOPEFTBSSPMMBOMPT
PUSPTDBSBDUFSFTTFDVOEBSJPTQSPEVDJEPTQPSMBUFTUPTUFSPOB 5JFOEFO B BDVNVMBS HSBTB FO [POBT QSPQJBT EF MBT
NVKFSFTDPNPMBTDBEFSBTMBTOBMHBTZMPTQFDIPT/PMFT
DSFDFMBCBSCBZFMWFMMPQÞCJDPTVFMFUFOFSVOBEJTQPTJDJØOFOGPSNBEFQBSDIFZOPMBQSPQJBEFMPTIPNCSFTFT
EFDJSNÈTEJTQFSTB
22
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HFOFSBVOBTPCSFEPTJTEFHMVDPTBQBSBTVIJKP"MUFOFSMB
TBOHSF NBUFSOB VO BMUP ÓOEJDF EF B[ÞDBS FM PSHBOJTNP
EFMCFCÏQSPEVDFJOTVMJOBFYUSBMPRVFQFSNJUFFMJOHSFTP
EFHMVDPTBFOTVTDÏMVMBT&TUFBQPSUFEFFOFSHÓBQVFEF
QSPWPDBSVODSFDJNJFOUPFYDFTJWPPRVFBDVNVMFHSBTBT
6OFYDFTPEFHMVDPTBTFBDVNVMBFOFMIÓHBEPFOGPSNB
EFHMVDØHFOPQFSPDVBOEPTFTVQFSBMBDBOUJEBEEFHMVDØHFOPBMNBDFOBCMFFMSFTUPTFDPOWJFSUFFOÈDJEPTHSBTPTRVFTFBDVNVMBOFOFMUFKJEPBEJQPTP
27.-PTEJBCÏUJDPTPSJOBODPOGSFDVFODJBZBRVFMPTSJ×POFT
EFTFDIBOMBHMVDPTBFOFYDFTPZFTUPEJTNJOVZFMBSFBCTPSDJØOEFBHVB%FCJEPBMBHSBOQÏSEJEBEFMÓRVJEPBM
PSJOBSBVNFOUBMBTFOTBDJØOEFTFE&TVONFDBOJTNP
DPNQFOTBUPSJPSFHVMBEPUBNCJÏOQPSFMTJTUFNBFOEPDSJOP
&TUPTQBDJFOUFTTVFMFOFTUBSDBOTBEPTQPSRVFFMDVFSQP OP QVFEF PCUFOFS FOFSHÓB EF MB HMVDPTB BEFDVBEBNFOUF1PSFTUBSB[ØOQJFSEFOQFTPZBRVFFMPSHBOJTNP
iSFDVSSFw B MBT SFTFSWBT EF HSBTB QBSB QSPWFFSTF EF MB
FOFSHÓBRVFOFDFTJUB
IPSNPOBTIJQPUBMÈNJDBTFIJQPGJTBSJBTZOPTFQSPEVDFMBPWVMBDJØOQPSMPUBOUPOPQVFEFIBCFSFNCBSB[P1PSFTUBSB[ØOMBQÓMEPSBFTVOBNFEJDBDJØOBOUJDPODFQUJWB1BSBNBOUFOFSMBJOIJCJDJØOEFMFKFIJQPUÈMBNPIJQØGJTJTPWBSJPFTQSFDJTBVOBEPTJTEJBSJBEF
FTUBT IPSNPOBT QPS FTP FT JNQPSUBOUF OP TBMUFBSTF
OJOHÞODPNQSJNJEP&MFOHB×PIBDFSFGFSFODJBBRVF
QPSFMBVNFOUPEFFTUSØHFOPTZQSPHFTUFSPOBFOTBOHSFFMPSHBOJTNPiDSFFwRVFIBZFNCBSB[P
30.
a) -PTIJQPUJSPJEFPTQSPEVDFONFOPSDBOUJEBEEFIPSNPOBUJSPJEFBEFMBOFDFTBSJBSB[ØOQPSMBDVBMQBSB
SFHVMBSMBTGVODJPOFTNFUBCØMJDBTEFCFODPOTVNJSMB
FOGPSNBEFDPNQSJNJEPTEJBSJPT&MFYDFTPEFIPSNPOB BDUÞB TPCSF MB HMÈOEVMB UJSPJEFT QSPEVDJFOEP
VOB SFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØO OFHBUJWB RVF DPOEVDF B VO
NFOPSGVODJPOBNJFOUPZUFSNJOBQPSBUSPGJBSMBHMÈOEVMB&TFMFGFDUPDPOUSBSJPBMRVFPSJHJOBMBDPOEJDJØO
de bocio.
b) &OTJUVBDJPOFTEFFTUSÏTMBEFTDBSHBEFIPSNPOBTEFMB
NÏEVMBBESFOBMBDUJWBMBDPOWFSTJØOEFHSBTBZEFMHMVDØHFOP BMNBDFOBEP FO FM IÓHBEP FO HMVDPTB MP RVF
BQPSUBFOFSHÓBFYUSBBMPTNÞTDVMPTEFBMMÓMBTFOTBDJØO
EFGVFS[BNVTDVMBS
c) &M IJSTVUJTNP FT FM DSFDJNJFOUP FYDFTJWP EF WFMMP FO
NVKFSFTFO[POBTOPIBCJUVBMFTDPNPFMMBCJPTVQFSJPS MBT QBUJMMBT FM DVFMMP MBT BSFPMBT NBNBSJBT FM
UØSBYMBTJOHMFTMPTNVTMPTZMBFTQBMEB'SFDVFOUFNFOUFTFBTPDJBBBDOÏDBÓEBEFDBCFMMPFJSSFHVMBSJEBEFTNFOTUSVBMFTZTFEFCFBVOBVNFOUPFOMBTFDSFDJØOEFBOESØHFOPT&OFMIPNCSFMBNBZPSQSPEVDDJØOEFUFTUPTUFSPOBTFQSPEVDFFOMPTUFTUÓDVMPT
QFSPFOMBNVKFSMPTSFTQPOTBCMFTTPOMPTPWBSJPTZ
UBNCJÏO MB DPSUF[B TVQSBSSFOBM RVF MPT TFDSFUB FO
BNCPTTFYPTQFSPFONVDIBNFOPSDBOUJEBERVFMPT
UFTUÓDVMPT "MHVOBT EJTGVODJPOFT PWÈSJDBT DPNP FM
PWBSJP QPMJRVÓTUJDP UVNPSFT PWÈSJDPT V BESFOBMFT Z
DJFSUPTNFEJDBNFOUPTQVFEFOQSPWPDBSVOBVNFOUP
EF BOESØHFOPT Z DBVTBS VOB MJCFSBDJØO FYDFTJWB EF
UFTUPTUFSPOB Z QSPEVDJS FO MBT NVKFSFT NBTDVMJOJ[BDJØO&TUPQVEPIBCFSTJEPMBDBVTBEFMBFYJTUFODJBEF
FTUBTQFSTPOBTFOFMDJSDP
28.
Hormona
Órgano
Acciones
(O3)
)JQPUÈMBNP
&TUJNVMBFOMB
IJQØmTJTMBTÓOUFTJTZ
TFDSFDJØOEF'4)Z-)
'4)
)JQØmTJT
&TUJNVMBFOFMPWBSJP
MBNBEVSBDJØOEFVO
GPMÓDVMP
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)JQØmTJT
&TUJNVMBFOFMPWBSJP
MBPWVMBDJØOZMB
GPSNBDJØOEFMDVFSQP
MÞUFP
&453»(&/04
0WBSJPT
&TUJNVMBOMBSFHFOF
SBDJØOEFMFOEPNFUSJP
VUFSJOP*OIJCFOMB
QSPEVDDJØOEF(O3)
130(&45&30/"
0WBSJPT
&TUJNVMBMBGPSNBDJØO
EFMFOEPNFUSJP
VUFSJOP*OIJCF
la producción de
(O3)ZNBOUJFOFFM
FNCBSB[P
29.
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
a) -B TFDSFDJØO EF '4) QPS QBSUF EF MB IJQØGJTJT BDUÞB
TPCSFFMPWBSJPZTFBDUJWBMBNBEVSBDJØOEFMGPMÓDVMP
FM DVBM BM DSFDFS DPNJFO[B B QSPEVDJS FTUSØHFOPT &M
BVNFOUPEFMOJWFMTBOHVÓOFPEFFTUSØHFOPTBDUJWBFM
IJQPUÈMBNPZMBBEFOPIJQØGJTJTRVFFOSFTQVFTUBQSPEVDFOVOBNBZPSTFDSFDJØOEF'4)Z-)"RVÓTFFWJEFODJBVONFDBOJTNPEFSFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØOQPTJUJWB
b) -B(O3)TFMJCFSBEFTEFFMIJQPUÈMBNPZBDUÞBTPCSF
MBIJQØGJTJTRVFBTVWF[TFDSFUB'4)Z-)$VBOEPTF
QSPEVDF MB PWVMBDJØO Z TF GPSNB FM DVFSQP MÞUFP FM
PWBSJP TFDSFUB FTUSØHFOPT Z QSPHFTUFSPOB RVF JOIJCFOFOUPODFTMB(O3)ZEFKBEFFTUJNVMBSBMBIJQØGJTJTQPSMPDVBMTFEFUJFOFMBTFDSFDJØOEFMBTIPSNPOBTSFTQPOTBCMFTEFMBNBEVSBDJØOEFVOOVFWPGPMÓDVMP $VBOEP FM DVFSQP MÞUFP EFTBQBSFDF Z EFKB EF
QSPEVDJS QSPHFTUFSPOB TF EFUJFOF MB JOIJCJDJØO Z
WVFMWFBTFDSFUBSTF(O3)MPRVFSFJOJDJBFMDJDMP
c) 4FEJDFRVFMPTBOUJDPODFQUJWPTPSBMFTFOHB×BOBMPSHBOJTNPQPSRVFDPOFMBQPSUFFYUFSOPEFFTUSØHFOPTZ
QSPHFTUFSPOBTFNBOUJFOFJOIJCJEBMBTFDSFDJØOEFMBT
31.
a) 4JVOØSHBOPFTUÈNVZJSSJHBEPSPEFBEPEFNVDIPT
WBTPTTBOHVÓOFPT
TFQVFEFQFOTBSRVFMJCFSBMBTTVTUBODJBTRVFQSPEVDFBMBTBOHSF
b) "MFYUJSQBSVOØSHBOPZEFUFDUBSTFBMHVOBBMUFSBDJØO
FO FM GVODJPOBNJFOUP EFM PSHBOJTNPT QVFEF WJODVMBSTFMBGVODJØOEFMØSHBOPFYUJSQBEPDPOFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPBMUFSBEP
c) 4JMBFYUJSQBDJØOEFVOØSHBOPBMUFSBBMHÞOGVODJPOBNJFOUPEFMPSHBOJTNPZMBBENJOJTUSBDJØOQPSWÓBFOEPWFOPTB EF VO FYUSBDUP EF FTF ØSHBOP SFTUBVSB FM
GVODJPOBNJFOUP OPSNBM QVFEF QFOTBSTF RVF EJDIP
ØSHBOP QSPEVDÓB BMHVOB TVTUBODJB RVF QBTBCB B MB
TBOHSFZFSBUSBOTQPSUBEBBUSBWÏTEFFMMBQBSBFKFSDFS
su acción.
32.
a) &MEJCVKPEFMBJ[RVJFSEBDPSSFTQPOEFBVOBHMÈOEVMB
FOEPDSJOB Z FM EF MB EFSFDIB B VOB FYPDSJOB 1BSB
23
BIO3_Docente.indd 23
1/22/10 4:57:27 PM
EJGFSFODJBSMBTTFQVFEFUFOFSFODVFOUBMBQSFTFODJB
EFVODPOEVDUPFOMBFYPDSJOBRVFDPOEVDFMBTTFDSFDJPOFTZFMIFDIPEFRVFMBTTFDSFDJPOFTFOMBFOEPDSJOBQBTBOEJSFDUBNFOUF
Productos de
secreción
Glándula exocrina
Glándula endocrina
Hormonas
Células
glandulares
Conducto
NPBMDPNJFO[PEFMBWJEBMBSWBSJBZMVFHPWBEJTNJOVZFOEPIBTUBMMFHBSBVOBDPODFOUSBDJØONÓOJNBIBDJBFMGJOBM
EFMQFSÓPEPEFQVQBRVFFTFMÞMUJNPFTUBEJPMBSWBM&O
FTUBFUBQBTFQSPEVDFVOBJOUFOTBSFPSHBOJ[BDJØOEFUFKJEPTRVFEBSÈOMVHBSBMBGPSNBBEVMUB&OFTUFFTUBEJPMB
IPSNPOBKVWFOJMJOUFSWJFOFFOMBNBEVSBDJØOTFYVBMZBDUJWBFMEFTBSSPMMPEFMPTØSHBOPTTFYVBMFTBDDFTPSJPTDPOEVDUPT JOUFSOPT ØSHBOPT QBSB BMNBDFOBS FTQFSNB
Z FO
MBTIFNCSBTGBDJMJUBMBNBEVSBDJØOEFMPTØWVMPT
Página 159
10. -PTQSPEVDUPSFTEFQBQBGSPUBOMPTCSPUFTDPOBVYJOBTQPSRVFBQMJDBEBTMPDBMNFOUFJOIJCFOMBCSPUBDJØOEFMBTZFNBTZQPSMPUBOUPMBQBQBTFDPOTFSWBQPSNÈTUJFNQP
Células
glandulares
Capilar sanguíneo
33.
a) 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&TRVFNBTVQFSJPSFOFMNFDBOJTNP EF SFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØO OFHBUJWB BM BVNFOUBS MPT
OJWFMFTFOTBOHSFEFVOBIPSNPOBTFJOIJCFTVTFDSFDJØOFOMBHMÈOEVMBRVFMBQSPEVDF&TRVFNBJOGFSJPS
FO FM NFDBOJTNP EF SFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØO QPTJUJWB BM
BVNFOUBSMPTOJWFMFTFOTBOHSFEFVOBIPSNPOBTF
FTUJNVMBTVTFDSFDJØOFOMBHMÈOEVMBRVFMBQSPEVDF
b) 6OFKFNQMPEFSFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØOQPTJUJWBFTFMDPOUSPM EF MBT DPOUSBDDJPOFT VUFSJOBT EVSBOUF FM QBSUP
QPSBDDJØOEFMBIPSNPOBPYJUPDJOB
c) 6OFKFNQMPEFSFUSPBMJNFOUBDJØOOFHBUJWBFTFMDPOUSPM
EFMBQSPEVDDJØOEFJOTVMJOBQPSQBSUFEFMQÈODSFBT
8 El control endocrino en
animales y plantas
Página 154
5. &MUÏSNJOPiDBNVGMBKFwIBDFSFGFSFODJBBMBTDPOEJDJPOFT
PDBSBDUFSÓTUJDBTRVFQFSNJUFOQBTBSJOBEWFSUJEPTFOVO
EFUFSNJOBEPBNCJFOUF.VDIPTJOTFDUPTDSVTUÈDFPTFJODMVTPBOJNBMFTWFSUFCSBEPTDPNPBOGJCJPTZSFQUJMFTQSFTFOUBODPCFSUVSBTZGPSNBTDPSQPSBMFTRVFMFTQFSNJUFO
NJNFUJ[BSTFDPOFMBNCJFOUF&OFTUFDBTPFTDPSSFDUPIBCMBSEFiNJNFUJTNPw
6. -BWFOUBKBBEBQUBUJWBEFMDBNCJPEFDPMPSBDJØOEFMDBQBSB[ØO EF MPT DBOHSFKPT FT RVF MFT QFSNJUF PDVMUBSTF EF
QSFEBEPSFTPQBTBSJOBEWFSUJEPTGSFOUFBQPTJCMFTQSFTBT
7. &OMBQSFHVOUBBOUFSJPSTFIJ[PSFGFSFODJBBBRVFMMPTBOJNBMFTRVFTFNJNFUJ[BODPOFMBNCJFOUF"MHVOPTQVFEFO DBNCJBS EF DPMPS EF NBOFSB TJNJMBS BM DBTP EF MPT
DBOHSFKPTDPNPMPTDBNBMFPOFTPUBNCJÏOVUJMJ[BSPUSBT
FTUSBUFHJBTDPNPFMDIPSSPEFUJOUBRVFFYQVMTBOMPTNPMVTDPTDFGBMØQPEPTDVBOEPIVZFO
Página 156
8. -BTGFSPNPOBTTPOTVTUBODJBTRVFFMDVFSQPMJCFSBZBVORVFOPUJFOFOPMPSQBSFDFRVFQVFEFOTFSEFUFDUBEBTBTÓ
RVJFOFT TF MBT BQMJDBO CVTDBO WPMWFSTF JSSFTJTUJCMFT QBSB
PUSPTBRVJFOFTRVJFSFOTFEVDJS
9. -BDPODFOUSBDJØOEFIPSNPOBKVWFOJMUJFOFVOWBMPSNÈYJ-
Página 160
11.
a) 1BSBBDFMFSBSMBNBEVSBDJØOEFMPTGSVUPTEFCFSÓBSPDJBSMPTDPOFUJMFOPZBRVFTVQSFTFODJBBDFMFSBMBNBEVSBDJØOEFGSVUBTZWFSEVSBT
b) 1BSBDPTFDIBSMPTGSVUPTBOUFTEFMPQSFWJTUPFMQSPEVDUPS
EFCFSÓBVUJMJ[BSBVYJOBTPDJUPDJOJOBTZBRVFBNCBTFTUJNVMBOFMEFTBSSPMMPEFMPTGSVUPT
Página 161
12.
a) $POMBQSJNFSBFYQFSJFODJBSFBMJ[BEBQPSMPT%BSXJO
TFQVFEFDPODMVJSRVFFMDPMFØQUJMPFTFMRVFEFUFDUB
MBMV[ZBRVFBMDVCSJSMPMBQMBOUBOPTFDVSWBGSFOUFB
FMMB$POMBTFYQFSJFODJBTZTFDPODMVZFRVFMBQVOUBEFMDPMFØQUJMPFTMBSFTQPOTBCMFEFMBEFUFDDJØOEF
MBMV[&OVODBTPIBZVOBDVCJFSUBUSBOTQBSFOUFRVF
EFKBQBTBSMBMV[&OFMPUSPFOFMRVFTFUBQBMBQMÈOUVMBDPOVONBOHVJUPPQBDPZTFEFKBMBQVOUBMJCSF
MB QMBOUB UBNCJÏO TF DVSWB MP RVF JOEJDB RVF MB
GMFYJØOTFFGFDUÞBNÈTBCBKPFOFMDPMFØQUJMPZQPSMP
UBOUP MB QVOUB USBOTNJUF JOGPSNBDJØO BDFSDB EF MB
EJSFDDJØOEFMBMV[BMBSFHJØORVFTFEPCMB&OMBFYQFSJFODJBMBQVOUBFTUBCBUBQBEB
b) 4FUSBUBCBEFSFQSPEVDJSFMNJTNPFGFDUP-PT%BSXJO
UBQBSPO MB QVOUB EFM DPMFØQUJMP #PZTFO+FOTFO FO
MVHBSEFUBQBSMPMPDPSUØEFNPTUSBOEPRVFMBQVOUB
FTOFDFTBSJBQBSBMBGMFYJØO
c) -BNJDBBMTFSVOBTVTUBODJBJNQFSNFBCMFOPQFSNJUJØRVFTFEJGVOEJFSBOTVTUBODJBTBUSBWÏTEFMBHFMBUJOB-BDPODMVTJØOGVFRVFFOMBQVOUBEFMDPMFØQUJMP
TF QSPEVDF VOB TVTUBODJB RVF iCBKBw QPS FM UBMMP Z
DBVTBFMBMBSHBNJFOUPEFMBTDÏMVMBT
d) -B MV[ IBDF RVF MB TVTUBODJB TF DPODFOUSF FO
FMMBEPEFMUBMMPRVFFTUÈNÈTPTDVSPMPRVFIBDFRVFMBT
DÏMVMBTTFBMBSHVFONÈTSÈQJEBNFOUFRVFMBTDÏMVMBTEFM
MBEPJMVNJOBEP&TUPQSPEVDFRVFFMUBMMPTFJODMJOF
Página 162
13. &OFMDBTPEFMPTQFDFTQMBOPTJOUFSWJFOFFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPRVFUSBOTNJUFJOGPSNBDJØOEFTEFMPTPKPTIBTUBFM
DFSFCSPZEFBMMÓBMBTDÏMVMBTQJHNFOUBSJBTEFMBQJFMRVF
SFTQPOEFODBNCJBOEPEFDPMPS
14. &ONVDIPTSFQUJMFTDPNPMPTDBNBMFPOFTMPTDBNCJPTEF
QJHNFOUBDJØOTFQSPEVDFOFOSFTQVFTUBBMPTDBNCJPTEF
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Capilar sanguíneo
24
BIO3_Docente.indd 24
1/22/10 4:57:28 PM
UFNQFSBUVSB
15. &OFMDBTPEFMPTMBHBSUPTAnolisFMIFDIPEFRVFMBTFDDJØO
EFMBNÏEVMBFTQJOBMOPQSPEV[DBDBNCJPTFOMBTSFTQVFTUBTQJHNFOUBSJBTJOEJDBRVFTPOJOEFQFOEJFOUFTEFMTJTUFNBOFSWJPTPDFOUSBM&MDPOUSPMEFDPMPSEFMBQJFMEFFTUPT
SFQUJMFTFTUÈBDBSHPEFMBIJQØGJTJTRVFSFTQPOEFBMBMV[
TFDSFUBOEPIPSNPOBTRVFFKFSDFOTVBDDJØOFOMBTDÏMVMBT
QJHNFOUBSJBT4JOFNCBSHPQPEFNPTEFDJSRVFTFUSBUBEF
VODPOUSPMOFVSPFOEPDSJOPZBRVFMPTDBNCJPTEFDPMPS
TPOEFUFDUBEPTQPSMPTPKPTRVFFOWÓBOTF×BMFTBMBIJQØGJTJTBUSBWÏTEFWÓBTOFSWJPTBTTFOTJUJWBT
16.)BCJUVBMNFOUFTFQJFOTBFODBNCJPTEFDPMPSDPNPVOB
DBSBDUFSÓTUJDB BEBQUBUJWB RVF QFSNJUF B MPT PSHBOJTNPT
QBTBS JOBEWFSUJEPT &O FTUF BSUÓDVMP TF NFODJPOBO MPT
DBNCJPT EF QJHNFOUBDJØO FO SFTQVFTUB B EJTUJOUPT FTUÓNVMPTDPNPMBUFNQFSBUVSBMBJOUFOTJEBEEFMBMV[MB
FYDJUBDJØOZUBNCJÏODPNPGPSNBEFDPNVOJDBDJØOFOUSF
JOEJWJEVPT EF MB NJTNB FTQFDJF NBDIPT RVF DPNQJUFO
QPSIFNCSBTPUFSSJUPSJP
DPNVOJDBOEPNFEJBOUFFMDPMPSVOBKFSBSRVÓBEJGFSFOUFZUBNCJÏOFOUSFFTQFDJFTEJTUJOUBTZBRVFFMDPMPSMMBNBUJWPTVFMFBDUVBSDPNPVOB
TF×BMEFBMFSUB
Página 163
17. -PT QSPCMFNBT EF TVQFSWJWFODJB TPO MB DPNQFUFODJB DPO
PUSBTQMBOUBTZFMBUBRVFEFJOTFDUPTIFSCÓWPSPT
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
18. $VBOEP EFUFDUBO NFEJBOUF TF×BMFT MVNJOPTBT B QMBOUBT
DPNQFUJEPSBT TF TJOUFUJ[BO Z MJCFSBO BVYJOBT RVF QSPNVFWFOFMDSFDJNJFOUPFOBMUVSBEFMBTQMBOUBT&OMBSFTQVFTUBBMBTBDDJPOFTEFMPTJOTFDUPTIFSCÓWPSPTJOUFSWJFOFOVOBTIPSNPOBTEFOPNJOBEBTKBTNPOBUPTRVFQSPNVFWFOMBQSPEVDDJØOEFTVTUBODJBTMMBNBEBTBOUJIFSCÓWPSBTQPSRVFSFTVMUBOEFTBHSBEBCMFTQBSBMPTBUBDBOUFT
19. -BOPUJDJBTFSFGJFSFBiEFDJEJSwFOUSFEFGFOEFSTFEFMBUBRVFEFJOTFDUPTPSFTQPOEFSBMBDPNQFUFODJBDPOPUSBT
QMBOUBT
20. 1BSFDFRVFBOUFMBQSFTFODJBEFDPNQFUJEPSBTMBTQMBOUBT
BTJHOBO NÈT SFDVSTPT FOFSHÏUJDPT BM QSPQJP DSFDJNJFOUP
FOEFUSJNFOUPEFMBQSPEVDDJØOEFTVTUBODJBTEFEFGFOsa.
21."QBSFDFOFOUSFDPNJMMBTQPSRVFMBQBMBCSBiEFDJTJØOwTF
SFMBDJPOB DPO QSPDFTPT DPHOJUJWPT TVQFSJPSFT EF PSEFO
DPOTDJFOUFBUSJCVJEPTBMPTTFSFTIVNBOPT&OMBTQMBOUBT
OPQPEFNPTIBCMBSEFVOBEFDJTJØOFOFMTFOUJEPFTUSJDUP
EFMBQBMBCSB4FBQMJDBFOFTUFDBTPFONPEPGJHVSBUJWP
ZBRVFIBZVOBQSFEPNJOBODJBEFVOQSPDFTPFOSFMBDJØO
DPOPUSP
22.4JQVFEFODPOPDFSTFMPTNFDBOJTNPTRVFJOUFSWJFOFOFO
MBTFMFDDJØOEFVOPVPUSPDPNQPSUBNJFOUPUBMWF[QVFEB
MPHSBSTF PSJFOUBS MBT SFTQVFTUBT EF MBT QMBOUBT IBDJB FM
DPOUSPMEFQMBHBTQPSNFEJPTOBUVSBMFTMBTÓOUFTJTEFFTUBT TVTUBODJBT BOUJIFSCÓWPSBT
Z BTÓ EJTNJOVJS FM VTP EF
QMBHVJDJEBTTJOUÏUJDPTFOMPTDVMUJWPT
Páginas 164 y 165
23. &MEFTBSSPMMPOPSNBMEFVOJOTFDUPEFQFOEFEFVOBKVTUF
QSFDJTP EF MBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT EF IPSNPOB KVWFOJM FO
DBEBFUBQB6OBQFSUVSCBDJØOFOMBSFMBDJØOFOUSFMBDPODFOUSBDJØOIPSNPOBMZFMFTUBEJPEFEFTBSSPMMPMMFWBBVO
EFTBSSPMMPBOPSNBMMPRVFQSFWJFOFMBNBEVSBDJØOEFMPT
JOTFDUPTZHFOFSBQPSMPUBOUPMBEJTNJOVDJØOEFMOÞNFSP EF FMMPT SFQSPEVDUJWBNFOUF BDUJWPT MP DVBM B TV WF[
DPOEVDJSÓBBMBEJTNJOVDJØOEFMBQPCMBDJØOHFOFSBM-B
IPSNPOB KVWFOJM Z TVT BOÈMPHPT TJOUÏUJDPT TPO NFEJPT
QSPNJTPSJPTOPUØYJDPTZFDPMØHJDBNFOUFTFOTJCMFTQBSB
DPNCBUJSMBTQMBHBTEFJOTFDUPTZDPOUSBMPTDVBMFTFTNVZ
EJGÓDJMRVFEFTBSSPMMFOSFTJTUFODJB
24. $BEBDVBUSPEÓBTMBSBUBIFNCSBFTUÈSFDFQUJWBBMNBDIPZ
FOQFSÓPEPGÏSUJMQPSMPUBOUPFOVOBQPCMBDJØOEFSBUBTFT
BMUBMBQSPCBCJMJEBEEFQSF×F["EFNÈTFMFNCBSB[PUJFOF
VOBEVSBDJØOBQSPYJNBEBEFEÓBTDPOMPDVBMFOQPDP
UJFNQPQVFEFIBCFSVOBMUÓTJNPOÞNFSPEFEFTDFOEJFOUFT
25.
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DBQÓUVMPBOUFSJPSFOSFMBDJØODPOFMFKFIJQPUÈMBNP
IJQØGJTJTUJSPJEFT-BMJCFSBDJØOEF53)BDUJWBMBTÓOUFTJTZMJCFSBDJØOEF54)ZFTUBBTVWF[BDUÞBTPCSFMB
UJSPJEFTRVFQSPEVDFZMJCFSBTVTIPSNPOBT
b) $VBOEP FM OJWFM EF UJSPYJOB FT NÈYJNP TF BDUJWB FM
QSPDFTPZTFQSPEVDFFOFMSFOBDVBKPFMDSFDJNJFOUP
EFMBTFYUSFNJEBEFTBOUFSJPSFT
c) 4JTFMFJOZFDUBUJSPYJOBBEJDJPOBMFMSFOBDVBKPTVGSF
VOB NFUBNPSGPTJT BOUJDJQBEB Z TF DPOWJFSUF FO VOB
SBOBBEVMUBFONJOJBUVSB
26. $VBOEPFOVOBGMPSTFVOFOMPTHBNFUPTGFNFOJOPTZNBTDVMJOPTTFQSPEVDFMBGFDVOEBDJØOZMBGPSNBDJØOEFMFNCSJØORVFTFFODVFOUSBEFOUSPEFMBTFNJMMB-PTQÏUBMPTZ
FTUBNCSFTTFNBSDIJUBOZDBFOBNFEJEBRVFFMGSVUPDSFDF-BTBVYJOBTFTUJNVMBOMBNBEVSBDJØOEFMBQBSFEEFM
PWBSJP&MUSBUBNJFOUPEFBVYJOBTSFBMJ[BEPQPSMPTQSPEVDUPSFTFOPWBSJPTEPOEFOPIVCPGFDVOEBDJØOPSJHJOBGSVUPTTJOTFNJMMBTMPRVFTFDPOPDFDPNPQBSUFOPDBSQJB&T
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25
BIO3_Docente.indd 25
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8FOURVFTFUSBCBKBFOMBQÈHJOB
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MMFWBEBTBDBCPQPSMPT%BSXJOZQPS#PZTFO+FOTFO
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FTUÓNVMPEFMBMV[ZFMTFHVOEPQVEPFTUBCMFDFSRVF
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9 El rol de las proteínas
Páginas 172
6. $POMBMFDUVSBZFMFTUVEJPEFMPTDPOUFOJEPTEFFTUFDBQÓUVMPZMPRVFSFMBDJPOFOEFDBQÓUVMPTBOUFSJPSFTTFHVSBNFOUFMPTBMVNOPTDPNQSFOEFSÈORVFMBTDÏMVMBTOPGVODJPOBSÓBOTJOMBTQSPUFÓOBTQPSMPRVFTVJNQPSUBODJBSBEJDBFORVFUPEBGVODJØODFMVMBSTFSFBMJ[BHSBDJBTBMBT
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Página 173
8. /VFTUSP PSHBOJTNP TF EFGJFOEF OBUVSBMNFOUF EF DVBMRVJFS NJDSPPSHBOJTNP P TVTUBODJB RVF QVFEB EB×BSMP
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TF FODBSHB EF BVNFOUBS FM BQPSUF EF PYÓHFOP BOUF VOB
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Página 174
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Página 175
11. &TJNQPSUBOUFRVFMPTBMVNOPTDPNQSFOEBORVFMBTEJGFSFOUFTFTUSVDUVSBTEFMBTQSPUFÓOBTFTUÈOSFMBDJPOBEBTDPO
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Página 177
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Página 178
15. 1BSUFEFMUFYUPEPOEFTFIBDFSFGFSFODJBBMBFTQFDJGJDJEBE
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Página 181
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Página 182
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FMDBMPSPFMGSÓPPNÞMUJQMFTDJSDVOTUBODJBTEJTUJOUBT&MBOÈMJTJTEFMPTDBNCJPTDFMVMBSFTFTUÈTJFOEPDBEBWF[NÈTVUJMJ[BEPFOMBNPEFSOBCJPNFEJDJOBDPOGJOFTEJBHOØTUJDPTZ
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26
BIO3_Docente.indd 26
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Páginas 184 y 185
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27.
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Página 191
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BIO3_Docente.indd 27
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Página 192
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Página 195
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Página 198
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Página 199
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Página 200
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BIO3_Docente.indd 28
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Página 201
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29
BIO3_Docente.indd 29
1/22/10 4:57:31 PM
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Página 211
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Página 214
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Página 215
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Página 216
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30
BIO3_Docente.indd 30
1/22/10 4:57:32 PM
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Páginas 220 y 221
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Página 217
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FODVFOUBMBTQBSUFTNFODJPOBEBTQBSBMBFMBCPSBDJØO
EFVOJOGPSNF
"USBWÏTEFFTUFJOGPSNFTFUSBOTNJUFODPOPDJNJFOUPT
TPCSFMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFPCUFOFSIJMPEFBSB×BBQBSUJSEF
PSHBOJTNPTUSBOTHÏOJDPTDÏMVMBTEFPSVHBZCBDUFSJBT
&OFMQSJNFSFYQFSJNFOUPTVSHJØMBEJGJDVMUBEEFOP
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&OFTUF DBTP MPT BMVNOPT QVFEFO SFTPMWFS EJGFSFOUFT
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FYQFSJNFOUPT-BJEFBEFMBBDUJWJEBEFTRVFFMMPTQVFEBOEJTF×BSBMHÞOUJQPEFFYQFSJNFOUPDPOMPTDPOPDJNJFOUPTRVFMMFWBOBERVJSJEPTIBTUBFMNPNFOUP
&OFTUFDBTPTFFTQFSBRVFTFCBTFOJOJDJBMNFOUFFO
MPTVTPTRVFQMBOUFBFMUFYUPIJMPRVJSÞSHJDPDIBMFDPT
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4FFTQFSB
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DPOEJDJPOFTEFFTDBTBIVNFEBEQFSNJUJSÓBQSPEVDJSMPFO[POBTFOEPOEFIBCJUVBMNFOUFOPDSFDFQPSMBT
DPOEJDJPOFTDMJNÈUJDBT
24.
a) 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFTQPOEBORVFQBSBDVNQMJSDPOFTUFBSUÓDVMPFTJNQPSUBOUFEFDJSRVÏBMJNFOUPT TPO EF PSJHFO USBOTHÏOJDP +VTUBNFOUF QPSRVF
NVDIBHFOUFOPRVJFSFDPOTVNJSMPTZUJFOFEFSFDIPB
SFDJCJSJOGPSNBDJØOTPCSFTVPSJHFO
b) &TJNQPSUBOUFRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOFOVODJBSBMHVOBTEFMBTEJTDVTJPOFTSFMBDJPOBEBTDPOMBTDPOUSPWFSTJBTEFMBJOHFOJFSÓBHFOÏUJDBFODVBOUPBMBQSPEVDDJØO Z FM DPOTVNP EF BMJNFOUPT 4F FTQFSB RVF
QVFEBOEFDJSRVFNVDIBHFOUFOPRVJFSFDPOTVNJS
FTUFUJQPEFBMJNFOUPTQPSRVFOPDPOPDFRVÏDPOTFDVFODJBTQVFEFOUSBFS-BJEFBEFFYQSFTBSMBPQJOJØO
FT JOUFSFTBOUF QPSRVF FT QPTJCMF RVF QMBOUFFO RVF
NVDIBHFOUFQJFOTBEFFTBGPSNBQPSEFTDPOPDJNJFOUPEFFTUFUJQPEFUÏDOJDBT
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Página 218
17. &ODVBOUPBMBTDPOTFDVFODJBTOFHBUJWBTEFMVTPEFUSBOTHÏOJDPTQBSBCJPSSFNFEJBDJØOFTQPTJCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPT
SFMBDJPOFO FTUF UFNB DPO MB MJCFSBDJØO EF PSHBOJTNPT
USBOTHÏOJDPTZFMSJFTHPEFEFTFRVJMJCSJPBNCJFOUBM&TUB
FTVOBCVFOBJOTUBODJBQBSBHFOFSBSVOFTQBDJPEFEFCBUFFOFMBVMBRVFEJTQBSFMBOFDFTJEBEEFSFUPNBSDPODFQUPTWJTUPTBOUFSJPSNFOUF
18.-PT PSHBOJTNPT USBOTHÏOJDPT VTBEPT QBSB CJPSSFNFEJBDJØO QFSUFOFDFO B MB UFSDFSB PMB RVF QSFUFOEF PCUFOFS
TVTUBODJBT EF JOUFSÏT DPNP WBDVOBT P NFEJDBNFOUPT B
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Página 219
19. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOEJTDVUJSTPCSFMPRVF
JOWFTUJHBSPO Z QPOHBO FO KVFHP EJGFSFOUFT OPNCSFT EF
FO[JNBTOPDPOFMBGÈOEFSFDPSEBSMPTTJOPDPOFMPCKFUJWPEFSFDPOPDFSMBEJWFSTJEBEFYJTUFOUF
20. -BQSFHVOUBTPCSFMBJNQPSUBODJBEFRVFTFJOGPSNFFOMBT
FUJRVFUBTTJMBTFO[JNBTTPOPCUFOJEBTEFPSHBOJTNPTUSBOTHÏOJDPTBQVOUBBMBOFDFTJEBEEFJOGPSNBDJØOFODVBOUPBM
25.
a) &OUSFMPTBSHVNFOUPTQSFTFOUBEPTQPSDBEBHSVQPFTEFTFBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOEFTUBDBSMPTTJHVJFOUFT
t &OFMDBTPEF-PT%SBHBEPSFTRVFFMMPTMFWBOUBO
MPT TFEJNFOUPT 4FSÓB JOUFSFTBOUF JOEVDJS B RVF
MPTBMVNOPTQJFOTFORVFOPFTFTUBVOBCVFOB
JEFBQPSRVFMBTBHVBTTFDPODFOUSBSÓBOBÞONÈT
FODVBOUPBMBQSPQPSDJØOEFQMPNP
t &O FM DBTP EF MPT *OHFOÏUJDPT RVF QVFEBO EFGFOEFSFMVTPEFUSBOTHÏOJDPTDPNPCJPSSFNFEJBEPSFT BVORVF EFCFO QSFTUBS BUFODJØO B MB JN-
31
BIO3_Docente.indd 31
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QPSUBODJBEFIBDFSMPTDPOUSPMFTOFDFTBSJPTBOUFT
EFMJCFSBSFMOVFWPPSHBOJTNPBMBNCJFOUF
t &OFMDBTPEFMPTWFDJOPTRVFQVFEBOFYQSFTBSMPT
NJFEPT UÓQJDPT IBDJB MPT USBOTHÏOJDPT DPNP FT FM
IFDIPEFEFTFRVJMJCSBSFMOJDIPFDPMØHJDPBTÓDPNP
TV QSFPDVQBDJØO BOUF MB QÏSEJEB EF USBCBKP TJ TF
DJFSSBMBGÈCSJDB5BNCJÏOQVFEFOBQBSFDFSBSHVNFOUPTEFQSFPDVQBDJØOQPSMBDPOUBNJOBDJØO
t LPTSFQSFTFOUBOUFTEFMB'FEFSBDJØO2VJORVJSJWJMMFOTF EF 3FHVMBDJØO EF 5SBOTHÏOJDPT EFCFSÈO
FYQSFTBSMBOFDFTJEBEEFDPOUSPMFTQBSBFMVTPEF
USBOTHÏOJDPTQFSPQPSPUSPMBEPUBNCJÏOEFCFSÈOUSBORVJMJ[BSBMBQPCMBDJØOFODVBOUPBRVFTJ
FTPTUSBOTHÏOJDPTQBTBOTVTDPOUSPMFTMBDJVEBE
FTUBSÈTFHVSBZNFOPTDPOUBNJOBEB
t LPT EVF×PT EF MB GÈCSJDB EFCFSÈO QSFTFOUBS TVT
JOUFODJPOFTEFDPOUJOVBSEBOEPUSBCBKPBTVTFNQMFBEPTQFSPUBNCJÏOEFCFSÓBOFYQSFTBSBMHPEF
QSFPDVQBDJØOQPSFMHSBEPEFDPOUBNJOBDJØO
b) -PTBMVNOPTEFCFSÈOSFTPMWFSFMQSPCMFNBEFBMHVOB
NBOFSB USBUBOEP EF FRVJMJCSBS MBT QPTJDJPOFT FOUSF
MPTEJGFSFOUFTHSVQPT-BTPQDJPOFTTPOWBSJBTQFSPFT
JNQPSUBOUFRVFDPOTJEFSFOEFTEFMBFNQSFTBMBMJCFSBDJØOEFDPOUBNJOBOUFTRVFOPFTÞUJMFMESBHBEP
RVFMBFNQSFTBEFCFDPOUJOVBSBCJFSUBRVFMPTUSBOTHÏOJDPTEFCFOFTUBSSFHVMBEPTZRVFTPOVOBPQDJØO
EFCJPSSFNFEJBDJØO
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DPODMVTJPOFTMVFHPEFMBEJTDVTJØO6OUSBCBKPJOUFSFTBOUFTFSÓBQFEJSMFTMVFHPVOBFYQPTJDJØODPNPEFNPTUSBDJØOEFMBJODPSQPSBDJØOEFFTUPTDPOUFOJEPT
26.
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Agrobacterium
Basillus
thuringiensis
pláTNJEP
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c) &M QSJODJQBM GBDUPS EF DPOUSPWFSTJBT DPO SFTQFDUP BM
VTP EFM NBÓ[ #U QPESÓB WJDVMBSTF DPO RVF BGFDUF B
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DJHPUPØWVMPGFDVOEBEP
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JOZFDUB FO FM DJHPUP FM HFO RVF UJFOF MB JOGPSNBDJØO
QBSB TJOUFUJ[BS FM GBDUPS *9 EF DPBHVMBDJØO TF JNQMBOUBFOPUSBPWFKBFMDJHPUPDPOFM"%/SFDPNCJOBOUF
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TV"%/FMHFOQBSBFMGBDUPS*9EFDPBHVMBDJØO
b) -BQSJNFSBPWFKBBQPSUBFMDJHPUPZMBPWFKBEFMQBTP
BQPSUBFMÞUFSPFOFMRVFTFEFTBSSPMMBSÈFMPSHBOJTNP
USBOTHÏOJDP
c) -BKFSJOHBDPOUJFOF"%/DPOMBJOGPSNBDJØOQBSBTJOUFUJ[BSFMGBDUPS*9&TFHFOTFPCUJFOFEF"%/IVNBOP
RVFFTFMRVFOBUVSBMNFOUFDPOUJFOFFTBJOGPSNBDJØO
d) &MQBTPTFSÓBFYUSBFSMBMFDIFEFMBTPWFKBTUSBOTHÏOJDBT Z TFQBSBS B QBSUJS EF FTB MFDIF FM GBDUPS *9 RVF
DPOUJFOF
28.&MPCKFUJWPEFFTUBBDUJWJEBEFTRVFQVFEBOSFBMJ[BSVO
SFQBTPHFOFSBMEFMDBQÓUVMPZFMJKBOBMHVOBTEFMBTFTQFDJFT RVF TF IBO VTBEP DPNP FKFNQMP QBSB DPOTUSVJS MB
MJTUBEFMPQFEJEP"MHVOPTEFMPTDPOPDJNJFOUPTRVFQPESÓBONFODJPOBSMPTBMVNOPTTPOPCUFOFSDVMUJWPTRVF
DSF[DBO FO DPOEJDJPOFT RVF OP TPO MBT OBUVSBMFT DPNP
BNCJFOUFT DPO FTDBTB IVNFEBE RVF OP TFBO BUBDBEPT
QPS QMBHBT DPNP JOTFDUPT RVF QSPEV[DBO TVTUBODJBT EF
JOUFSÏTDPNPNFEJDBNFOUPT
29."MHVOPTSFTVMUBEPTTJNJMBSFTQFSPDPOBOJNBMFTDPNPWBDBTRVFQSPEVDFOFOTVMFDIFIPSNPOBTEFDSFDJNJFOUP
PDBCSBTRVFQSPEVDFOFOTVMFDIFFMGBDUPSEFDPBHVMBción de la sangre.
PláTNJEP
SFDPNCJOBOUF
TraOTGPSNBDJØO
EFDÏMVMBT
EFNBÓ[
Regeneración
EFDÏMVMBT
USBOTGPSNBEBT
© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Agrobacterium
USBOTHÏOJDB
32
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