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SOBREQUÉS, Els grans comtes de Barcelona, %DUFHORQDS 10 (JR 5DLPXQGXV 'HL JUDWLD %DUFKLQRQHQVLV FRPHV HW PDUFKLR GRQR DWTXH WUDGR WLEL %HUQDUGH %LVXOGXQHQVLV FRPHV ¿OLDP PHDPSUROHP0DULH5XGHULFLLQFRQLXJLXPHWGRQRDWTXHFRQFHGRHLGHP¿OLHPHHSRVWPRUWHPPHDPSURKHUHGLWDWHVXD $XVRQHQVHPFRPLWDWXP>«@,WDWUDGRLQSRWHVWDWHP¿OLHPHHLDPGLFWHXWKDEHDWKHFRPQLDVROLGHHWOLEHUHSRVWPRUWHPPHDP pro sua hereditate, tali modo, quod, si ipsa infantem non habuerit de prefato Bernardo, comite, ad diem mortis sue, deveniant hec omnia superius scripta in dominium et potestatem iam dicti Bernardi, comitis, ad quodcumque voluerit IDFLHQGXPI. J. BAIGES, G. FELIU, J. M. SALRACH GLUV Els pergamins de l’Arxiu Comtal de Barcelona de Ramon Berenguer II a Ramon Berenguer IV, %DUFHORQDGRF 11 M. M. SHEEHAN³&KRLFHRI0DUULDJH3DUWQHULQWKH0LGGOH$JHV'HYHORSPHQWDQGMode of ASSOLFDWLRQRID7KHRU\RI0DUULDJH´ Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History, SS 187 4XDGHUQVGHOHV$VVHPEOHHVG¶(VWXGLV Q~P p. 183-192 0$57Ë$85(// &RUEHUHVOD)HQROOHGDLHO3HUDSHUWXVqVµµSHUTXqWXHOVSRVVHHL[LVGHVSUpVGHODPHYDPRUWVLMRQR REWLQFFDSQRLG¶XQDHVSRVDOHJtWLPD¶¶12&RPKHPYLVWODVHYDGRQDQRPpVWpGRVDQ\VKDXULDG¶HVSHUDUDOJXQVPpVDEDQVG¶XQLUVHDPEHOODGHXDOPHQ\VVHJRQVHOGUHWFDQzQLFGHO¶qSRFD7RWVHJXLW %HUQDW,,,GH%HVDO~SUHVWDYDMXUDPHQWGH¿GHOLWDWDOFRPWHGH%DUFHORQDFRPSURPHWHQWVHDUHVSHFWDU HOVVHXVEpQVLDVHUHOVHXDOLDW/LMXUDWDPEpH[SOtFLWDPHQWTXHUHVSHFWDUjODGRQDFLyTXHDFDEDGH IHUOLHQHOGRFXPHQWSUHFHGHQW13$TXHVWMXUDPHQWGH¿GHOLWDWpVXQDFHULPzQLDEDQDOPROWIUHTHQWD O¶qSRFDDO¶2FFLGHQWPHGLHYDOXQJHQGUHHVFRQYHUWHL[HQ¿GHOYDVVDOOGHOVHXVRJUH&DUHOTXHGRQD XQD¿OODHVWjHQSRVLFLyGHVXSHULRULWDWDOTXHODUHSVRYLQWXQMRYHFDYDOOHUGHOVHXHQWRUQ7qFQLFDPHQW HVSDUODG¶KLSHUJjPLDO¶KRPHHVFDVDDPEXQDGyQDG¶HVWDWXWVXSHULRUDODVHYD(OTXHpVHVWUDQ\HQ HOFDVDPHQWGH;LPHQDpVTXH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,HOVHXSDUHWpYLQWLFLQFDQ\VPHQ\VTXHHOJHQGUHHOSURPqVGHODVHYDSUzSLD¿OODWHQHQXQVLDQ\VUHVSHFWLYDPHQW;LPHQDQRPpVHQWpGRV /DGLIHUqQFLDG¶HGDWMXJDYDDIDYRUGHOFRPWHGH%DUFHORQDTXHHVGHYLQJXpHOGDWDGHODPRUWGH %HUQDW,,,HOVHXKHUHXXQLYHUVDOVHJRQVOHVFRQYHQFLRQVRDFRUGVTXHDFDEHPG¶DQDOLW]DU/HVOOHLVGHO WHPSVVyQLQHOXFWDEOHVFDOFXODUOHVSHUDWUHXUH¶QSUR¿WpVHOWUHWGHOSROtWLFDVWXW $ODVHYDSRQqQFLDDOQRVWUHFRQJUpV-RVHS0DULD6DOUDFKKDSUHVHQWDWGRVGRFXPHQWV¿QVIDSRFLQqGLWVSURYDQWXQDOWUHFDVDPHQWG¶XQ%HUQDWFRPWHGH%HVDO~1RWHQHQGDWDLSHUDL[zQRVDEUHPPDL DPEVHJXUHWDWGHTXLQGHOVWUHV%HUQDWVGH%HVDO~HVWUDFWD/DSURSRVLFLyGHIHUQHHOPDWHL[%HUQDW ,,,pVSHUzEDVWDQWOzJLFDSHUTXqODGRQDFLyUHFRUGDOHVTXHDFDEHPG¶HVWXGLDUDPEHOVHXFDVDPHQW DPE;LPHQD3HOSULPHUGRFXPHQW%HUQDWGyQDWRWVHOVVHXVFRPWDWVD6DQoDµµFRPWHVVDSHUODJUjFLD GH'pX¶¶GHODTXDOHVSHUDWHQLU¿OOV/¶DFWHMXUtGLFQRpVHVWULFWDPHQWXQHVSRQVDOLFLTXHFHGLULDjOD Q~ELDODGHVHQDRODWHUFHUDSDUWGHOVEpQVGHOPDULWVLQyXQDGRQDFLyHQWUHYLXVG¶DEVROXWDPHQWWRWV HOVEpQVGHO¶HVSzV14eVSURXH[FHSFLRQDODODGRFXPHQWDFLyGHO¶qSRFDLFRPQRHOFRQVHUYHPHQOD VHYDIRUPDRULJLQDOODSRVVLELOLWDWTXHVLJXLXQIDOoHODERUDWDODFDQFHOOHULDFRPWDOGH%DUFHORQDQRV¶KD GHUHEXWMDU3HOVHJRQGRFXPHQWHOPDWHL[%HUQDWMXUD¿GHOLWDWDODPDWHL[DFRPWHVVD6DQoD154XLSRW VHUDTXHVWD6DQoDVLHQ%HUQDWpVHOWHUFHU"$PESURXSUXGqQFLD-RVHS0DULD6DOUDFKHVSUHJXQWDVL SRGULDVHUOD¿OODGH%HUHQJXHU5DPRQ,L6DQoDGH&DVWHOODTXHOLKDXULDWUDQVPqVHOVHX QRP(OSUREOHPDpVTXHQRH[LVWHL[FDSDOWUHGRFXPHQWPHQFLRQDQWDTXHVWDQRLDLTXHVHJRQVHOQHFURORJLGH5LSROO166DQoDGH&DVWHOODYDPRULUHOR17/D¿OODSRGULDWHQLUGRQFVXQVTXDUDQWD DQ\VRPpVHOTXDQDVVDVVLQDUHQ*XLOOHP,,SDUHGH%HUQDW,,,TXHGHXULDVHUPROWPpV MRYH5HVQRGLXTXHO¶DOLDQoDPDWULPRQLDOHQWUHHOVGRVV¶HVWLSXOpVGHVHJXLGD9LVWO¶HGDWGHODIXWXUD GRQDLODPHQFLyGHOV¿OOVTXHSRGULHQQpL[HUGHODXQLyDOGRFXPHQWGHGRQDFLyGHOVEpQVGH%HUQDW,,, ODFURQRORJLDQRVHPEODJDLUHFRKHUHQW 8QDDOWUHKLSzWHVLPpVVHJXUDFRQVLVWLULDDIHUGH6DQoDOD¿OODPROWEHQGRFXPHQWDGDGH5DPRQ %HUHQJXHU , &RQHL[HP HO VHX FDVDPHQW FDS HO DPE *XLOOHP 5DPRQ FRPWH GH 12 Ego Bernardus, Dei gracia Bisullunensis comes, propiciante Dei clemencia, dono et concedo tibi, Raimunde Berengarii, Barchinonensis comes ac marchio, omnem honorem meum cum omnibus comitatibus mihi subiectis, scilicet Bisullunensi et Rivispollensi et Valle Spirensi et Funolletensi et Perapertusensi […] ut tu predictus habeas omnia superius scripta post mortem PHDP VL ¿OLXP PDVFXOXP QRQ KDEXHUR H[ GRWDWD FRQLXJH 6L YHUR ¿OLXP PDVFXOXP H[ GRWDWD FRQLXJH KDEXHUR SOHQDULH remaneant omnia superius scripta in postestatem et baiuliam tuam usque ad annos quindecim, BAIGES, FELIU, SALRACH, Els pergamins …,GRF; 13 ,XURHJR%HUQDUGXV'HLJUDFLD%LVXOOXQHQVLXPFRPHV¿OXV6WHSKDQLHIHPLQHWLELGRPQH5HLPXQGH%DUFKLQRQHQVLXPFRPHV DFPDUFKLRTXRGDEKRGLHUQDGLHHWGHLQFHEV¿GHOLVHURWLEL>«@,QVXSHULXURWLELTXRGLSVXPGRQXPTXRGWLELIHFLGHKRQRUH PHR¿GHOLWHUWHQHERHWDWWHQGDPWLELSHU¿GHPVLQHWXRengan,VLFXWLQVFULSWXUDFRQWLQHQWXUTXDPGHSUHIDWRKRQRUH¿HULLXVVL HWSURSULDPDQX¿UPDYLHW¿UPDWXPLQSRWHVWDWHPWXDPWUDGLGLBAIGES, FELIU, SALRACH, Els pergamins …,GRF; 14 G. FELIU, J. M. SALRACH GLUVEls pergamins de l’Arxiu Comtal de Barcelona de Ramon Borrell a Ramon Berenguer I,%DUFHORQD GRF 15 ,XURHJR%HUQDUGXV%LVLOGXQHQVLVFRPHVWLEL6DQWLHFRPLWLVVHTXRGDEDFRUDHWGHLQFHEV¿GHOLVHURWLELBAIGES, FELIU, SALRACH, Els pergamins …,GRF 16 P. de BOFARULL, Los Condes de Barcelona vindicados, %DUFHORQD t. 1, p. 242 17 1RWtFLDSURVRSRJUj¿FDVREUH6DQoDGH%DUFHORQDD0AURELL³-DORQVSRXUXQHHQTXrWHVXUOHVVWUDWpJLHVPDWULPRQLDOHVGHV FRPWHVFDWDODQV,;H;,HV´DSymposium internacional sobre els orígens de Catalunya (segles VIII-XI), %DUFHORQDW p. 331-332, n° 37. 188 4XDGHUQVGHOHV$VVHPEOHHVG¶(VWXGLV Q~P p. 183-192 (/&$6$0(17'(%(51$7,,,'(%(6$/Ò//8,7$)5$75,&,'$,$11(;,Ï7(55,725,$/(17251'(/ &HUGDQ\DTXHDVVROtJUjFLHVDDTXHVWPDWULPRQLODWXWHODGH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,GH%DUFHORQD¿OO GHO&DSG¶(VWRSHVLQHERWGHODVHYDGRQD186DQoDKDXULDUHFXSHUDWWRWDO¶DXWRULWDWPRUDOGHODVHYD QLVVDJDGHVSUpVGHOIUDWULFLGLLGHOGHVSUHVWLJLGHOVHX~QLFJHUPjYLX%HUHQJXHU5DPRQ,,$PEO¶DMXWGH 6DQoD*XLOOHP5DPRQYDSRGHUIHUVHUHVSHFWDUDOVDOWUHVFRPWDWVFDWDODQVLPpVFRQFUHWDPHQWDOYHt FRPWDWGH%HVDO~9DPRULUGHVSUpVGHO19LVDEHPTXH6DQoDOLYDVREUHYLXUHDOPHQ\V¿QVDO LSRWVHUPpVWHPSV20(QWUHGDWDGHODPRUWGHOVHXPDULWLGDWDGHOFRPSURPtVGH;LPHQD GH%DUFHORQDDTXHVWDYtGXDGHODTXDOHOPDULWGHVDSDUHJXWWHQLDMDXQDFHUWDLQÀXqQFLDVREUH%HVDO~ SRGULDSHUIHFWDPHQWVHUODQ~ELDGH%HUQDW,,,TXHOLFHGtWRWVHOVVHXVGRPLQLVLTXHOLSUHVWjMXUDPHQW GH¿GHOLWDW(Q¿QDVFXGDHQWRUQGHO21WLQGULDOODYRUVHQWUHWUHQWDFLQFLTXDUDQWDFLQFDQ\VLOD FOjXVXODGHXQDHYHQWXDOGHVFHQGqQFLDDGTXLULULDXQDFHUWDFRKHUqQFLD BARCELONA Ramon Berenguer II ( 1082) = Mafalda de Pulla-Calàbria Berenguer Ramon ( 1097) CERDANYA Sança = 3a Guillem Ramon ( 1098) 1a = Adelaida de Carcassona 2a = Elisabet d’Urgell Clemencia = Arnau Riculf de Son Enric, vescomte Bernat Guillem ( Constança = Guillem de Niort 3a Ramon Berenguer III ( 1131) D 0DULD5RGHULFÀOOHGX&LG 2a = Almodis [de Melgueil] 3a = Dolça de Provença Almondis %HUQDW$PDWGH&ODUDPXQW Guillem Jordà ( 1109) 1117) 6DQoDGH%DUFHORQDYtGXDGH*XLOOHP5DPRQSUHSDUjO¶DQQH[LyGHOFRPWDWYHtGH&HUGDQ\DDOFDVDO GHOVHXQHERW5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,'HVGHOGDWDGHODPRUWG¶2OLED&DEUHWD&HUGDQ\DL%HVDO~ HVVHSDUHQJRYHUQDWVSHUGRVFDVDOVFRVLQV,FXULRVDPHQWOHVGXHVGLQDVWLHVJDLUHEpJHUPDQHVV¶H[WLQJHL[HQDOPDWHL[WHPSV(OVGRVFRPWHVGH&HUGDQ\D*XLOOHP-RUGjL%HUQDW*XLOOHP¿OOVGH6DQoD GH%DUFHORQDVRQFRVLQVJHUPDQVµµFUHXDWV¶¶pVjGLU¿OOVGHJHUPjLJHUPDQDGH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU ,,,*XLOOHP-RUGjSDUWLFLSDDODSULPHUDFUHXDGDLWUREDODPRUWDOFRPWDWGH7UtSROL(OVHXJHUPj%HUQDW *XLOOHPPRULQWD&HUGDQ\DHOVHQVHGHVFHQGqQFLDUHQ~QFLDDOVHXFRPWDWHQIDYRUGHOVHXFRVt JHUPjHOFRPWHGH%DUFHORQD/¶DQ\VHJHQWO¶DULVWRFUjFLDFHUHWDQDHVUHXQHL[HQXQDDVVHPEOHDGH SDXLWUHYDDFFHSWDQWDTXHVWDVXFFHVVLyTXHODIDYDVVDOODGH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,, $OJXQVDQ\VPpVWDUGHO$OPRGLVXQD¿OODGH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,HVFDVDDPE3RQVGH&HUYHUDYHVFRPWHGH%DVRGH%HVDO~HOPpVLPSRUWDQWGHOVQREOHVGHOFRPWDWEHVDOXHQF$L[zSHUPHWDO EDUFHORQtG¶LQFRUSRUDUDTXHVWQREOHDOHVVHYHV[DU[HVGH¿GHOLWDW/¶LQWHUHVVDQWGHODKLVWzULDHVHOVHJUHVWG¶$OPRGLVSHOVHXIXWXUPDULWLHOVWUDFWHVVHJHQWVTXHKRDUUHJOHQWRWDPEXQFDVDPHQW8QGRFXPHQWSHUGXWGHOTXDOQRPpVFRQVHUYHPXQUHVXPGHOVHJOH;,9GHVFULXO¶HVGHYHQLPHQWDPESDUDXOHV VHQVHDPELJLWDW 3RQV³UDSWjGHPDQHUDIXUWLYDLYLROHQWD¶(furtim et violenter rapuerat) la germana del VHXVHQ\RU22(OUDSWHHUDOODYRUVXQDIRUPDG¶HVFDSDUDOVWUDFWHVRQHJRFLDFLRQVHQWUHHOVOOLQDWJHVTXH 18 SOBREQUÉS, Els grans comtes..., p. 132. 19 /DVHYDGDUUHUDPHQFLypVGHOGHQRYHPEUHGHOHQHOMXUDPHQWGH¿GHOLWDWGH%HUQDW,,GH%HVDO~D5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU ,,,SUHVHQWDQW*XLOOHP5DPRQFRPOOXUDOLDWBAIGES, FELIU, SALRACH, Els pergamins …,GRF 20 7HVWDPHQWGH*XLOOHP-RUGjGH&HUGDQ\DHQSDUWLUSHUDODFURDGD Dimitto matri mee Sancie, comitisse, ipsam villam de Hisogal: )MIQUEL ROSELL (HG Liber feudorum maior,%DUFHORQDGRF9 21 &RPHVSRWGHGXLUGHOWHVWDPHQWGHOVHXSDUH5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,(WOD[DYLWDG¿OLDPVXDP6DQFLDPGHFHPPLOLDPDQFXVRV LQXQRSHQVH>«@(>W@VLDPERSUHGLFWL¿OLLVXLPRULXQWXUVLQH¿OLRYHO¿OLLVGHOHJLWLPRFRLXJLRUHYHUWDWXULDPGLFWXVVXXVKRQRUDG ¿OLDPVXDP6DQFWLDP(WVLLDPGLFWD6DQFLD¿OLDVXDPRULWXUVLQHOHJLWLPLV¿OLLV>«@(WOD[DYLWSUHGLFWDP¿OLDPVXDP6DQFLDP cum predictos decem milia mancusos, ad Gerallum Alamanni, ut ipse donet ad eam cum ipsos mancusos qualem meliorem maritum potuerit dare. Et infra quam tenuerit eam in baiulia, retineat eam ad honorem: BAIGES, FELIU, SALRACH, Els pergamins …, GRF;, 22 Item, in primo libro, folio CXCVII est carta qua Poncius de Cervaria, qui furtim et violenter rapuerat Raimundo comiti Barchinonse, 189 4XDGHUQVGHOHV$VVHPEOHHVG¶(VWXGLV Q~P p. 183-192 0$57Ë$85(// YDQVHUWDQGHFLVLXVHQWUH%HUQDW,,,L;LPHQDRPLOORUGLWHQWUH%HUQDW,,,L5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,XQD PDQLIHVWDFLyHVSHFWDFXODUYLROHQWDLLOāOHJtWLPDGHFRPHOVMRYHVYROLHQLPSRVDUHOOOLXUHFRQVHQWLPHQW SHUDOVHXSURSLPDWULPRQLFRQWUDODYROXQWDWGHOVFDSVGHODQLVVDJD(UDWtSLFGHOVMRYHVHOVjuvenes DEDQVPHQFLRQDWV TXHYROLHQVROXFLRQDUHOSUREOHPDGHODREWHQFLyGHXQSDWULPRQLDGTXLULQWSHUOD IRUoDJXHUUHUDXQDSXELOOD(QDTXHVWFDVHOUDSWHGHODVHYD¿OOD$OPRGLV¿QDOPHQWYDDQDUPROWEpDOV SODQVGHOFRPWHGH%DUFHORQDSHUD¿UPDUHOVHXSRGHUD%HVDO~3RWVHUHOUDSWHYDVHUXQDHVFHQL¿FDFLy HQODTXDO5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,WDQFjFRQVFLHQWPHQWHOVXOOVSHUQRYHXUHHOTXHOLFRQYHQLD1DVFXWV G¶DTXHVWPDWULPRQLµµOOLXUH¶¶XQ¿OOLXQD¿OOD+XJ,L$JDOEXUVDGH%DVHVFDVHQD6DUGHQ\DSUHSDUDQW O¶H[SDQVLyGHOD&RURQDG¶$UDJyVREUHDTXHVWDLOODGRVVHJOHVGHVSUpV CASAMENTS DE BAS I D’ARBOREA Ponç de Cervera (1128-1155) <=> Almodis de Barcelona Comita II (1131) 2es Hug I de Bas (1157-1185) Agalbursa (1157-1186) Barisó I (1164-1185) jutge d'Arborea 1er <=> Pellegrina de Lacon Sinispella de Lacon Hug II (1185-1211) jutge d'Arborea <=> Preziosa de Lacon-Massa, filla del jutge usurpador de Càller Pere I jutge d'Arborea <=> Giacobina Barisó II de Lacon (+1217) jutge de Càller <=> Benedetta )217Genealogie medioevali di Sardegna, pp. 59-60. /DLQVWDOāODFLyGHOV%DVD6DUGHQ\DPRVWUDODSROtWLFDG¶LQÀXqQFLDLG¶H[SDQVLyWHUULWRULDOFDGDYHJDGD PpVDPELFLRVDLOOXQ\DQDGHOVFRPWHVGH%DUFHORQD/¶DQ\DODPRUWGH0DULD5RGHULFOD¿OODGHO &LGLODPDUHGH;LPHQD5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,,HVWXGLDHOVHXVHJRQPDWULPRQL(QWpQTXHOLFRQYp UHFRPHQoDUODSROtWLFDFDSD2FFLWjQLDGHOVHXDYL5DPRQ%HUHQJXHU,,QWHQWDUHFXSHUDU&DUFDVVRQD SHUGXGDSHOVHQUHQRXVGHJXWVDOIUDWULFLGLGHOVHXSDUHHO&DSG¶(VWRSHVLODUHEHOāOLyGHODSREODFLy 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DELISLE pGChronique de Robert de Torigni, abbé du Mont-Saint-Michel, 5RXHQWS 24 5BARTLETT, The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization, and Cultural Change, 950-1350, Londres, 1994 [1993], p. 24-59. 191