Women. Types and stereotypes. Ortiz Echagüe

Women. Types and stereotypes. Ortiz Echagüe
José Ortiz Echagüe is likely
one of the most renowned
photographers in Spain from
the first half of the twentieth
century, who enjoyed a great
international projection. As
amateur photographer, he is
the most representative of
the Spanish Pictorial
photography, working chiefly
in four series titled: España.
Tipos y Trajes -Spain. Types
and Costumes; España.
Pueblos y Paisajes -Spain.
People and Landscapes;
España mística -Mistical
Spain; and España. Castillos
y Alcázares -Spain. Castles
and Palaces.
His aesthetic and historical
matters define his work,
specially the one Spain.
Types and Costumes which
belongs to the fifty
photographs selection
shaping the exhibition, and
depicting the artist's
conception according Spanish tradictional culture.
Beyond a reflection or trace of reality, his work stands for an ideological interpretation, as
recreation, of this reality, with a deliberate purpose. In words of Scherer, his photography
depicts the culture inherent to the photographer, its social and cultural context, rather than
the culture of those portrayed.
Women. Types and stereotypes. José Ortiz Echagüe
José Ortiz Echagüe -Guadalajara, 1886 – Madrid, 1980-, became one of the most
renowned photographers in Spain from the first half of the twentieth century. Amateur
photographer and professional engineer, managing both aeronautic and automovilistic
entreprises -C.A.S.A. and SEAT respectively-, he started his photographic career in 1906,
during the Spanish Regenerationism, which sought for the solution to the identity decline,
for the ethical and social values stability restoration of the Spanish society. Within this
context will be colaborating outstanding artists like Sorolla, Zuloaga and his brother
Antonio, together with Ortiz Echagüe, strongly committed.
He stood out in the Late Pictorialism. His four series with classical themes, Spain. Types
and Costumes; Spain. People and Landscapes; Mistical Spain; Castle and Palaces, were
indeed self-published several times by the author.
These series are created within a defined production criteria, placing the coal directly to
Fresson paper, which turned each copy into an original work, rather than a mere
reproduction out of the negative image, as we can recognize from the different versions of
the images published in the several editions of his work.
In order to bring out the beauty of his photographs, Ortiz
Echagüe worked on different tecniques: he emphasised
the main figure's outline over a smudgy black ink pad
background, he scraped to erase the flaws, and especially
he used the pencil for retouching, focusing on the
enhanced beauty of the woman's face, so as to recreate
an ideal image.
Devout for Calendar © José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of
the Universidad de Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra.
VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
The Museo del Traje. CIPE -Garment Museum-, comprises a wide collection of 217 copies
from the series Types and Costumes, most of them are signed and titled at the bottom of
the photograph by the author, some of them are unedited, which were acquired in 1933
intended for the Museo del Traje Regional e Histórico as a documental and exhibition aim
reinforcement along the collections of the regional costumes, which reveals an additional
stage of Ortiz Echagüe's work: his interest for documenting essences in the process of
vanishing, for freezing types and, so, stereotypes, chiefly depicted in his women portraits.
Hence, both aesthetic and historical aspects articulate his work, particularly in the series
Spain. Types and Costumes, which takes part in this exhibition. According to numerous
researchs, the photographer brought together art and documenting, reinforcing the
2
ethnographical base of his work. When going through his work production, his personal
perspective construction reveals clear, whilst decreasing the objectivity of documentary;
this way, the construction of a decontextualised reality turns into an artistic creation.
Therefore, the work of Ortiz Echagüe, beyond a reflection or trace of reality, it stands for an
ideological interpretation, as recreation, of this reality, with a deliberate purpose. In words
of Scherer, his photography depicts the culture inherent to the photographer, its social and
cultural context, rather than the culture of those portrayed.
3
Women. Types and stereotypes. José Ortiz Echagüe
Images
Water and bread, 1927 © José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de Navarra.
Fundación Universitaria de Navarra. VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
4
Charra or Girl from Alberca, 1930 © José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de
Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra. VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
5
Montehermoseñas -Girls from Montehermoso-, Cáceres. 1931 © José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic
Collection of the Universidad de Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra. VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
6
Chula del mantón -Chula with a shawl © José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de
Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra. VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
7
© José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de
Navarra. VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
8
© José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra.
VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
9
© José Ortiz Echagüe. Photographic Collection of the Universidad de Navarra. Fundación Universitaria de Navarra.
VEGAP, Madrid, 2012
10
Women. Types and stereotypes. José Ortiz Echagüe
Catalogue
Edition
© SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA
Subdirección General de Publicaciones, Información y Documentación.
Ministerio de Cultura
Servicio de Publicaciones y Venta.
C/ Abdón Terradas, 7. Madrid.
Telephone: +34 91 544 81 05
Year of publication: 2002
NIPO: 176-02-044-8
ISBN: 84-369-3576-4
11
Women. Types and stereotypes. José Ortiz Echagüe
More information
Women. Types and stereotypes. José Ortiz Echagüe
http://www.mcu.es/promoArte/CE/Exposiciones/MujeresTiposEstereotipos.html
http://www.mcu.es/promoArte/CE/Exposiciones/Expo_ExpoItinerantes.html
Contact details
PROMOCIÓN DEL ARTE
Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte
http://www.mcu.es/promoArte/index.html
promocionArte@mecd.es
http://www.facebook.com/PromocionDelArte
http://twitter.com/#!/PromociondeArte
http://pinterest.com/promociondearte/
#PromociondelArte
12
CONDITIONS REPORT FOR TRAVELLING EXHIBITIONS
EXHIBITION TITLE
WOMEN. TYPES AND STEREOTYPES. JOSÉ ORTIZ ECHAGÜE
EXHIBITION PRODUCTION
Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Secretaría de Estado de Cultura.
Dirección General de Bellas Artes y Bienes Culturales y de Archivos y Bibliotecas.
Subdirección General de Promoción de las Bellas Artes
TECHNICAL DATA OF THE EXHIBITION
Total number of works:
− 80 framed works. Same sizes: 80 x 90 cm.
INSTALLATION:
−
−
Showroom space: 250 linear metres.
Preventive conservation and suitable lighting levels for photography -including a
time-limiting light control- are required.
SHIPMENT OF THE EXHIBITION:
−
−
Packing system: 8 wooden crates, containing 10 works each one. Sizes and content
details are provided in the Packing List.
Only companies specialized in art shipment, qualified in preserving and installing
artworks, are selected.
CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATION
EXPENSES COVERED BY THE MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y DEPORTE.
−
−
−
−
Production.
Coordination.
Insurance.
Packing.
EXPENSES COVERED BY THE INSTITUTION HOLDING THE EXHIBITION:
Installation and Transportation services:
− Travel, accommodation, and daily allowance throughout the installation period and
official opening.
− Fees intended for the manager in charge of the installation.
− Round-trip shipping.
− Installation and lighting of the showrooms.
− Vinyl graphic production.
− Surveillance and security officers service.
− Unpack, installation, dismantling and repack.
SEVERAL CONDITIONS WHEN HANDLING AND PACKING THE ARTWORKS:
The works are framed in steel grey wooden frames, this requires extreme care
when manipulating to avoid scratching. Use of gloves when manipulating.
Qualified staff and protecting tools should be provided during the unpacking,
install and repacking; follow the precise Packing List order details when
repacking; use of suitable material for packing and an impact and vibration
vibro-isolatuing system in the crates; security surveillance of works shall be
ensured from the time of delivery, set up, dismantling, and return.
Catalogue of the exhibition:
- In order to get a copy please contact with the Secretaría General Técnica, Subdirección
General de Publicaciones, Informatión y Documentación of the Ministry of Education,
Culture and Sport of Spain, in charge of the edition of the catalogue:
Tomy Lorenzo
C/ Abdón Terradas, nº 7
28015 Madrid
Tel. +34 91 543. 93. 66
Fax: +34 91 549. 34. 18
email: tomy.lorenzo@mecd.es
Catalogue price: 40 euros (VAT included).
NOTE:
Once an exhibition application has been accepted, a subsequent collaboration Agreement
will be signed between the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte and the institution
where the exhibition will be held.