old mice improve their nervous and immune functions after bath

Congreso Internacional del Agua – Termalismo y Calidad de Vida. Campus da Auga, Ourense, Spain, 2015
OLD MICE IMPROVE THEIR NERVOUS AND IMMUNE
FUNCTIONS AFTER BATH THERAPY WITH SULPHUROUS
MINERAL WATER
Hernández Torres, A.
Fundación para la Investigación e Innovación en Hidrología Médica y Balneoterapia
“BÍLBILIS. Calatayud (Zaragoza) – Madrid.
http://www.fundacionbilbilis.es
Correspondencia: Dr. Antonio Hernández Torres
Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias. Instituto de Salud Carlos III.
Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5 –Pabellón 4
28029-Madrid.
hertoran@isciii.es
De la Fuente, M
Fundación para la Investigación e Innovación en Hidrología Médica y Balneoterapia
“BÍLBILIS. Calatayud (Zaragoza) – Madrid.
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid .
Cruces, j
Fundación para la Investigación e Innovación en Hidrología Médica y Balneoterapia
“BÍLBILIS. Calatayud (Zaragoza) – Madrid.
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid .
Keywords: Sulphurours water, Hydrogen sulphide, Aging, Medical Hydrology, Thermalism,
Balneotherapy, Nervous system functions, Immunity
Introduction and Aim
Hydrogen
sulphide,
generated
endogenously in mammalian tissues, is a
synaptic modulator and neuro protector in
the brain increasing the levels of
gluthathione, a major cellular antioxidant.
The role of hydrogen sulphide in
inflammation is controversial and complex
showing pre inflammatory and anti
inflammatory effects depending on its
concentrations and the donor used. Besides
that endogenous production of hydrogen
sulphide, it is known that thermal waters
rich in sulphur are exogenous sources of
this molecule, and they have been
traditionally used in bath therapies because
of their beneficial effects on human health.
As the ageing process is a chronic oxidative
stress situation with a decrease of
gluthathione levels and a nervous and
immune systems deterioration, the objetive
of the present work was to investigate in
old mice the role of baths with sulphurous
thermal waters in several nervous and
immune functions as well as gluthathione
leukocyte levels.
Congreso Internacional del Agua – Termalismo y Calidad de Vida. Campus da Auga, Ourense, Spain, 2015
Design and Methods
Twenty months old female ICR-CD1 mice
were used. They were divided in three
groups: the first was submitted a daily bath
of 15 minutes in sulphurours water (called
"sulphurours water group", SWG), the
second in normal water (called "control
water group", CWG), and the third was
mantained in the cage ("control sedentary
group", CSG). The treatments were
performed during two weeks, five days per
week. Neuromuscular coordination was
analyzed through the tightrope test, and the
exploratory and anxiety-like behaviours by
open field, holeboard and T-maze tests. In
addition, peritoneal leukocytes were
obtained and macrophage phagocytosis,
digestion capacity (intracellular reactive
species (ROS) levels), natural killer (NK)
activity against tumour cells and total GSH
levels, determined.
Results
The results show that the neuromuscular
vigour and exploratory capacities are
improved and anxiety reduced in animals of
SWG with respect those in CSG, and in
some parameters they are better than mice
of CWG. The GSH levels were higher in
leukocytes from SWG than in the other
groups. The phagacytosis was also higher in
macrophages from SWG than from CWG
and in the animals of this group than those
of CSG. The NK activity was higher in
leukocytes from SWG and CWG with
respect to those of CSG.
Conclusions
Bath sessions in thermal water rich in
sulphur compounds improve several
nervous system functions and peritoneal
cell activities as well as the redox state of
these cells in old mice. Since the immune
parameters studied, which show an agerelated deterioration, are markers of
biological age and longevity, this
improvement suggests that the bath
treatment is a good strategy to slow down
the ageing process and reach a healthy
longevity.
Aids: MEC (BFU2011-30336); Grupo
UCM (910379ENEROINN); “Fundación
Bilbilis”;
RETICEF
(RD12/0043/0018)(ISCIII).
Congreso Internacional del Agua – Termalismo y Calidad de Vida. Campus da Auga, Ourense, Spain, 2015
OLD MICE IMPROVE THEIR NERVOUS AND
IMMUNE FUNCTIONS AFTER BATH THERAPY
WITH SULPHUROUS MINERAL WATER
1Cruces, J.; 1Vida, C.; 2Hernández Torres, A..; 2García-Matas, A.;3Hernanz, A.; 1De
la Fuente, M.
1Department
of Physiology. Faculty of Biology. Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid. 2Bilbilis Foundation for research and innovation
in Medical Hydrology and Balneotherapy. 3Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
INTRODUCTION AND AIM
DESIGN AND METHODS
Hydrogen
sulphide
(H2S),
generated
endogenously in mammalian tissues, is a
synaptic modulator and neuro-protector in
the
brain
increasing
the
levels
of
gluthatione
(GSH),
a
major
cellular
antioxidant. The role of H2S in inflammation
is controversial and complex showing proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects
depending on its concentrations and the
donor used. Besides that endogenous
production of H2S, it is known that thermal
waters rich in sulphur are exogenous
sources of this molecule, and they have
been traditionally used in bath therapies
because of their beneficial effects on human
health. As the ageing process is a chronic
oxidative stress situation with a decrease of
GSH levels and a nervous and immune
systems deterioration, the objective of the
present work was to investigate in old mice
the role of baths with sulphurous thermal
waters in several nervous and immune
functions as well as GSH leukocyte levels.
Twenty months old female ICR-CD1 mice were used. They were divided in
three groups: the first was submitted a daily bath of 15 minutes in
sulphurous water (called “sulphurous water group”, SWG), the second in
normal water (“control water group”, CWG), and the third was
maintained in the cage (“control sedentary group”, CSG). The treatments
were performed during two weeks, five days per week. Neuromuscular
coordination was analyzed through the tightrope test, and the
exploratory and anxiety-like behaviours by open field, holeboard and Tmaze tests. In addition, peritoneal leukocytes were obtained and
macrophage phagocytosis, digestion capacity (intracellular reactive
species (ROS) levels), natural killer (NK) activity against tumour cells
and total GSH levels, were determined.
RESULTS
ROS LEVELS
NK ACTIVITY
PHAGOCYTIC INDEX
Latex-induced ROS levels
NK ACTIVITY
GSH LEVELS
GSH LEVELS
•
200
600
40
150
200
30
% lysis
400
100
20
50
10
CSG
CWG
CSG
SWG
CWG
SENSORIMOTOR ABITILITIES
Tightrope test – Motor coordination
CSG
SWG
3,00
2,00
CWG
1,00
SWG
CSG
CWG
SWG
EXPLORATORY AND ANXIETY-LIKE BEHAVIORS
Open field test – Horizontal activity
Holeboard test – Vertical activity
500
100
4,00
0,00
0
0
0
5,00
50
nmol/10^6 leucocytes
800
% stimulus
nº latex beads/100 macrophages
MACROPHAGE FUNCTIONS
T-maze test – Exploratory efficiency
30
30
20
20
200
Total time (sec)
300
50
Nº Rearings
% completed test
400
10
100
10
0
CSG
0
CSG
CWG
SWG
CWG
TOTAL DEAMBULATION
CONTROL SEDENTARY GROUP,
CSG
SWG
0
INTERNAL DEAMBULATION
0
CSG
CWG
CONTROL WATER GROUP,
CWG
SWG
CSG
CWG
SWG
SULPHURE WATER GROUP,
SWG
***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05 with respect to CSG. • p<0.05 with respect to CWG.
CONCLUSIONS
Bath sessions in thermal water rich in sulphur compounds improve several nervous system functions
and peritoneal cell activities as well as the redox state of these cells in old mice. Since the immune
parameters studied, which show an age-related deterioration, are markers of biological age and
longevity, this improvement suggests that the bath treatment is a good strategy to slow down the
ageing process and reach a healthy longevity.
Financial support: MICINN; UCM Research Group (910379ENEROINN); “Bilbilis Foundation”; RETICEF (RD06/0013/0003)(ISCIII).