UNIT 9

TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
UNIT 9. REPORTED SPEECH
• MISCELLANEA
•
Expresiones verbales más comunes del vocabulario
cotidiano
1. ¿Podrías relacionar el verbo que suele acompañar a las siguientes
expresiones?
get
have
catch
do
win
meet
know
take
make
miss
1.
______________ the train, a friend, a class.
2.
______________ an appointment, the beds, a mistake.
3.
______________ homework, exercise, a favour.
4.
______________ an aspirin, a taxi, somebody to the station.
5.
______________ a cold, the train, the bus.
6.
______________ a match, some money, your keys.
7.
______________ breakfast, a shower, a drink.
8.
______________ home, up, ready.
9.
______________ a message, home, your boyfriend.
leave
lose
10. ______________ a match, the lottery, a prize.
11. ______________ a friend, at the cinema, someone for the first time.
12. ______________ someone for a long time, something, the answer.
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
• VOCABULARY
•
Transporte aéreo
Aeropuerto
Alas
Aterrizaje
Aterrizaje forzoso
Auxiliar de vuelo
Avión
Avión de distancias medias
Avión de larga distancia
Avión de pasajeros
Avión de reacción
Avioneta
Butacas
Cabina de pasajeros
Cabina de pasajeros de 1ª clase
Cabina del piloto
Chaleco salvavidas
Cinturón de seguridad
Clase turista
Despegue
Embarque
Escala
Estación aérea
Hélices
Helicóptero
Línea aérea
Luces de posición
Mecánico
Motores
Piloto
Pista de aterrizaje o de despegue
Por avión
Primera clase
Salida de emergencia
Salida con destino a
Tarjeta de embarque
Terminal
Torre de mandos
Tren de aterrizaje
Ventanillas
Vuelo
Vuelo charter
Vuelo directo
Vuelo número…
Vuelo suspendido
Airport
Wings
Landing
Emergency landing
Flight Attendant
Aeroplane ; Plane
Medium-haul aircraft
Long-range aircraft
Passenger aircraft
Jet
Small plane
Seats
Passenger cabin
First class passenger compartment
Cockpit
Life jacket
Safety belt
Tourist class
Takeoff
Boarding
Stopover
Air station
Propellers
Helicopter
Airline
Navigating lights
Mechanic
Engines
Pilot
Runway
By air ; By plane
First class
Emergency exit
To leave for…
Boarding card
Air terminal
Control tower
Landing gear
Windows
Flight
Charter flight
Direct flight
Flight number...
Flight cancelled
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
• TEXT
•
Reported Speech (Estilo Indirecto)
Llamamos estilo indirecto a la manera de reproducir personalmente una conversación
que ocurrió en otro momento. Las palabras textuales constituyen lo que se conoce como
estilo directo.
Cuando explicamos cualquier cosa con el estilo indirecto se producen una serie de
cambios en los tiempos verbales así como en los adverbios de tiempo.
He said: "I'm not coming to the barbecue tomorrow. I have to work."
Éstas son las palabras originales. Ahora bien, si nosotros explicamos qué ocurrió con
nuestras propias palabras; es decir, con el estilo indirecto, será de la siguiente manera:
He said that he wasn't coming to the barbecue the following day because he had to work.
Como podemos observar en el ejemplo los cambios que afectan a los tiempos verbales
consisten en poner en un tiempo anterior (estilo indirecto) el tiempo del verbo en estilo
directo. Así pues, podríamos hacer el siguiente esquema de cambios:
ESTILO DIRECTO
Present simple
ESTILO INDIRECTO
Î
He said: "I don't like dogs."
Present continuous
He said that he didn't like dogs.
Î
She said: "We aren't working at the moment”
Present perfect
Î
Î
Î
Î
Î
He said: "I saw you in town yesterday."
That day
He said it was his birthday that day.
Î
He said: "I'll give it to you tomorrow."
Yesterday
Could
He said he couldn't do it.
He said: "It's my birthday today."
Tomorrow
Conditional
He said he wouldn't say anything.
He said: "I can't do it."
Today
Past perfect continuous
He said he had been writing letter all day the day
before.
She said: "I won't say anything."
Can
Past perfect
He said that he had showed them his new car.
Î
He said: "I was writing letters all day
yesterday."
Future simple
Past perfect
They said they had finished their homework.
He said: "He showed us his new car."
Past continuous
Past continuous
She said they weren't working at that moment.
They said: "We have finished our homework
Past simple
Past simple
The following day / the next day
He said he would give it to me the following day.
Î
The previous day / the day before
He said he had seen me in town the previous day.
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
•
Las formas interrogativas en el estilo indirecto
Cuando tenemos que pasar una pregunta del estilo directo al indirecto, además del
cambio en el tiempo verbal, se producen otros cambios.
Hay dos tipos de preguntas: cerradas (yes/no questions) y abiertas (when / what /
who / where / why…?). Ejemplos:
He asked: "Are you ready?" Î He asked if I was ready. CERRADA
He asked: "Where did you buy that CD?" Î He asked where I had bought that CD. ABIERTA
•
En las preguntas cerradas, introducimos la conjunción if para pasarlas al estilo
indirecto.
•
En las preguntas abiertas mantenemos el pronombre interrogativo.
•
En ambos tipos de preguntas desaparece la inversión entre el sujeto y el verbo.
He asked: "Can you tell me the time?" Î He asked if I could tell him the time.
He asked: "Why are you crying, Helen?" Î He asked Helen why she was crying.
2. Listening. ‘Back to the office’. Escucha la conversación entre Lidia y su jefa,
Alison Lewis, a la vuelta de su reunión de negocios en Sydney.
Alison: So, Lidia... tell me, how was the conference? Did you find it useful?
Lidia: Absolutely! It was interesting to meet professionals from countries that are new to the
tourist industry. They had a lot of innovating ideas. Oh, guess what! John and I had lunch with Mike
Johnson. It was nice to see Mike again.
Alison: What were Mike’s ideas? You know he’s one of the best in analysing the tourist market.
Lidia: Well, I asked him if he had noticed any significant changes in the last few years in the
American tourist market and he replied that tourists had changed their preferences when choosing a
hotel. He pointed out that a lot of tourists now preferred to stay at cheaper hotels.
Alison: That’s quite true. In fact, that’s happening to us here in Barcelona now. And did he
explain this change?
Lidia: Well, his opinion was that visitors were looking for more value for their money these days
and if you wanted to cut down on your costs, you booked cheaper accommodation, for example.
Alison: And what did John think about this?
Lidia: Actually, he said that he hadn’t noticed that particular tendency in Britain, though the
number of package tours to Britain had fallen. He also explained that the number of repeat visitors
who planned their holidays independently had increased.
Alison: That means that if group accommodation were offered at more attractive rates, there
would be a greater demand for package tours.
Lidia: That’s exactly what I said! We all agreed that tour operators and hoteliers had to create a
demand for their products and sell them. And if they wanted to achieve this, they would have to go
abroad and open new markets by means of conferences, travel trade fairs, press coverage and so
on.
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
Alison: And this is what is happening now. Lots of fairs, conferences, workshops, meetings...
many countries depend on the tourist industry as their main source of income and they have to
adapt themselves to the demands of tourists.
Lidia: Exactly!
...
...
Alison: I see this has been quite a productive conference. At least your business lunches were
definitely well spent. I’ll read the report you gave me in more detail tomorrow. And one other thing:
I must congratulate you on your good level of English. It certainly has improved! Shall we have a
break and go out for a drink? You deserve it!
Lidia: Thanks! I’d love to!
3. Responde a las preguntas siguientes.
1.
Why did Lidia find the conference interesting?
2.
Who did she have lunch with?
3.
Why is Alison interested in Mike’s ideas?
4.
According to Mike, what had changed with tourists in the past few years?
5.
Was this tendency the same in Britain?
6.
How could tour operators and hoteliers open new markets?
7.
What’s Alison’s opinion about the conference?
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
4. Después de escuchar el listening, rellena estas oraciones incompletas.
him if he
any significant
1. Well, I
changes in the last few years in the Australian tourist market and he replied that tourists
their preferences when choosing a hotel.
for more value for their money
2. Well, his opinion was that visitors
to cut down on your costs, you
these days and if you
cheaper accommodation, for example.
3. That means that if group accommodation
there
a greater demand for package tours.
at more attractive rates,
5. Grammar practice. A continuación, ponga las siguientes frases en estilo
indirecto.
1.
The girl said to her mum: ‘I don’t want to go to school’.
2.
Karen said: ‘I’ve met a wonderful boy’.
3.
The teacher said: ‘you have to study harder’.
4.
She said: ‘I’m afraid I won’t come to work tomorrow’
5.
The child asked: ‘what are we having for lunch?’
6.
Sonia asked her husband: ‘Can you help me with the housework?’
7.
The man explained: ‘We went fishing but we didn’t get any fish’.
8.
‘I have something to tell you’, I said to her.
9.
‘What country do you come from?’, the boy wanted to know.
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
• SELF- EVALUATION EXERCISES
6. Escribe los verbos que se encuentran entre paréntesis en las formas correctas
del Past simple, Past perfect o Past continuous.
1.
Someone __________ (knock) on the door while I _____________ (sleep).
2.
When we ___________ (get) to the station, the train ___________ (already
depart).
3.
Just after he _____________ (close) the door, he _____________ (realise) he
(leave) the keys inside.
4. The boy _____________ (fall) off the tree when he _____________ (try) to pick up
a cuckoo’s nest.
7. Escoge un elemento de cada columna y construye frases con ‘because’
We
looked nice
they had been playing all afternoon.
The room
didn’t go on holiday
we hadn’t tidied up after the party.
The passengers
didn’t get a table
he had been driving overnight.
The guests
fell fast asleep
we had painted it only a week before.
My parents
stopped at a motel
they had forgotten to reserve one.
The driver
got angry
we hadn’t saved enough money.
The children
were disappointed
nobody had told us there was overbooking.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
8. Lee las siguientes frases en estilo directo. Completa las frases equivalentes en
estilo indirecto con los ‘reporting verbs’ del cuadro.
warn
offer
1.
recommend
suggest
ask
agree
advise
suggest
deny
He said, ‘Yes, of course’
He agreed.
2.
He said, ‘Let’s go to the cinema tonight’.
3.
He said, ‘I didn’t break the window’
4.
He said, ‘Children, don’t get any closer to the river bank’
5.
He said, What’s happening?’
6.
He said, ‘You should give up smoking’
7.
He said, ‘All right, I’ll do the shopping’
8.
He said, ‘Why don’t you take the underground? It’s much faster’
9.
He said, ‘Would you like some more wine?’
• OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION
9. Rellena los huecos con la forma correcta de Present o Past (negativa o
afirmativa) de los auxiliares be, have, o do.
1.
I ______________ working tomorrow. It’s my day off.
2.
____________ you ever read Macbeth? It __________ written by Shakespeare.
3. Why __________ you phone to tell us you __________ going to come at all?. We
waited for you all afternoon and you _________turn up!
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
4.
Paper __________ made from wood.
5.
When I phoned John, his wife told me he __________ already left for the office.
6.
7.
Oh dear! Someone __________ broken into our house while we _________ out.
____________ your sister still live in Sweden?
- Yes, she _________ been living in Malmö for seven months now but I
___________ she’ll stay there for very long. She says she _________ want to spend
another winter in Sweden!.
8.
What _________ the children doing? I ___________ know. I’ll go and have a look.
9. When we ___________ paying for our meal, a gang of robbers came into the
restaurant and stole all the guests’ wallets.
10. We ___________ bring our camera because nobody _________ told us to bring it.
10. Escribe las siguientes oraciones en estilo indirecto (reported speech).
1.
‘I’m going out but I’ll be back by nine,’ he said.
2. ‘My brother wants to be an actor and I wonder why. Nobody in our family has ever
been an actor,’ she said.
3.
‘Is Liz in?’ she asked ‘A man on the phone is asking for her’.
4.
‘Can I have a sweet, mom?,’ the little boy asked.
5.
said.
‘I’m having a History exam tomorrow and I haven’t started studying yet’, the boy
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TURISMO Y HOSTELERÍA. NIVEL MEDIO. UNIDAD 9
11. Escribe una redacción de aproximadamente 150 palabras acerca de alguno de
los temas que te proponemos.
1.
A present you didn’t like.
2.
A present which was special for some reason.
3.
The most unusual present you have ever been given.
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