Spanish Scenario for Spent Fuel Management, David

ENSA (Grupo SEPI)
Equipos Nucleares, S.A.
Spanish Scenario for Spent Fuel Management
January 14, 2014
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Outline
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Nuclear Energy in Spain
Overview of Stakeholders on SF Management
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
What’s next?
Conclusions
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Nuclear Energy in Spain
NPP location in Spain:
• 10 Nuclear Power Reactors:
• 8 reactors in operation in 6
sites
• 2 NPP shut down: in D&D
• LILW + VLLW disposal facility
(El Cabril)
Vandellós I
Jose Cabrera
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Nuclear Energy in Spain
Installed power 2013
7.5%
6.5% 1.0%
Energy demand coverage 2013
12.4%
Combined cycle
24.8%
7.7%
Wind
21.0%
22.2%
19.4%
Wind
9.6%
Hydropower
10.9%
Combined cycle
4.9%
2.0%
Hydropower
Carbon
Carbon
Nuclear
Nuclear
Cogeneration and other
Cogeneration and other
Solar
14.6%
Thermic renewable
21.1%
14.4%
Solar
Thermic renewable
Nuclear Power
• 7,7% of installed power (7.8 GWe) in 2013
• 21,0% of energy production in 2013
Source: REE (Red Eléctrica Española)
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Nuclear Energy in Spain
NPP
Type
MW
Start
Authorization
Extension
Approval
Status
Almaraz 1
PWR
1.049
1981
2010
10
Operating
Almaraz 2
PWR
1.044
1983
2010
10
Operating
Ascó 1
PWR
1.033
1983
2011
10
Operating
Ascó 2
PWR
1.035
1985
2011
10
Operating
Cofrentes
BWR
1.102
1984
2011
10
Operating
José Cabrera
PWR
150
1969
2006
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Decommissioning
Santa María de
Garoña
BWR
466
1971
2009
4
Stand-by
Trillo 1
PWR
1.066
1988
2004
10
Operating
Vandellós 1
GCR
480
1972
1989
-
Dismantled
Vandellós 2
PWR
1.087
1987
2010
10
Operating
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Nuclear Energy in Spain
CN Almaraz 1 & 2
CN Ascó 1 & 2
CN Cofrentes
PWR, 1.045 Mw. (1981 - 83)
PWR, 1.035 Mw. (1983 - 85)
BWR, 1.100 Mw. (1984)
CN Santa Mª de Garoña
CN Trillo
CN Vandellós
BWR, 465 Mw. (1971)
PWR, 1.065 Mw. (1988)
PWR, 1.090 Mw. (1987)
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Overview of Stakeholders on SF Management
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Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism (MINETUR)
• Radioactive Waste, Decommissioning and SNF management Policy
• Grants Licenses of Nuclear Installations and Packages
Nuclear Safety Council (CSN)
• Independent from the Government
• Nuclear safety and Radiological Protection Regulation and Guidance
• Evaluation and Reporting previously to Licenses – Binding Decisions
• Inspection and Enforcement
ENRESA
• Management of SF and Radioactive Waste
• Nuclear Installations Decommissioning
• Management of the Waste Funds
NPP /Utilities
• Operate on site Storage
• Deliver the SF and Waste packages in accordance to agreed conditions
• Pay the costs through fees on nuclear energy generation
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
• SNF Inventory
• 4,600 tU SF in storage
• Most of them in pools
• 3 ISFSI under operation (Dry Storage)
• Trillo NPP
• José Cabrera NPP
• Ascó NPP
• 1 ISFSI under construction (Dry Storage)
• Sta. Mª de Garoña NPP
• Total Amount of SF considering 40 years of NPP operation
• 20,000 Fuel Elements (6,700 tU)
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
Villar de
Cañas
ATC or Centralized Interim Storage Facility
…….Comming soon
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
• Trillo NPP, the first plant in Spain
requiring Dry Storage due to spent fuel
pool dimensions.
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Dry Storage system: ENSA-DPT metal
cask
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Multiwall SS + lead + SS
Double lid bolted with two metallic
O-rings in each lid
Interlid pressure monitoring system
Capacity up to 21 PWR Siemens KWU
16x16 high burnup Fuels (<50 GWd/tU)
ENSA proprietary design.
ENRESA licensee.
ISFSI: concrete building. Capacity for at
least XX metal casks
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
• José Cabrera NPP, the second plant
requiring Dry Storage due to shut
down.
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Dry Storage system: HI-STORM 100Z
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Concrete Modular System (Vertical)
Welded Canister
Capacity up to 32 PWR LOLOPAR
14x14 Fuels
HOLTEC Int. design.
ENRESA licensee.
ISFSI: concrete pad (open). Capacity 12
casks.
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
• Ascó NPP, the third plant requiring Dry
Storage due to spent fuel pool
dimensions.
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Dry Storage system: HI-STORM 100
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Concrete Modular System (Vertical)
Welded Canister
Capacity up to 32 PWR Westinghouse
17x17 Fuels
HOLTEC Int. design.
ENRESA licensee.
ISFSI: concrete pad (open). Capacity 10
casks.
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
The Actual Spent Fuel Scenario
• Sta. Mª de Garoña NPP, will be the 4th plant
requiring Dry Storage due to spent fuel
pool dimensions.
• Dry Storage system: ENSA-ENUN 52B
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Monolithic C.S forging
Double lid bolted with two metallic O-rings
in each lid
Interlid pressure monitoring system
Capacity up to 52 BWR Fuels
ENSA new design.
ENSA licensee.
License currently under CSN evaluation:
License approval expected within the next
few months
ISFSI: concrete pad (open). Capacity 16
casks.
First loading campaign expected by mid
2015. Uncertainties due to NPP situation.
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
ATC Siting Process
Different options
presented and
evaluated:
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6th General Radioactive
Waste Plan
ATC is a priority
ATC Basic
Design Concept
is being
developed in
parallel
2011
2010
Site selection
approved
Technical Report
of the final
candidates’ sites
Parliament
unanimously supported
Inter-Ministerial
Commission
is set up to lead the site
selection process
2006-2009
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Deep Geological
Disposal preferred
but needs ample
societal and technical
development
In the meantime, the
ATC, “Almacén
Temporal
Centralizado” or
“Centralized Interim
Storage Facility”.
2004-2006
Site selection starts
establishing the minimum
design criteria
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
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ATC Technology: Vault system for SF and HLW
(Vitrified) and a concrete building for medium waste
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Selected Technology Criteria
• Design
• Multiple Barrier confinement
• Cooling by natural draft
• Low dose
• Cost
• Compact and modular
• Low operational costs
• Strategy
• Independence among management stages
• Long life design
• Reversibility
• Flexibility
ATC Nuclear facility
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Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
ATC Conceptual Design
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
International References of Vault Technology
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Spent Fuel Strategy for the near Future
• Issues to consider with this strategy:
• Low and High Burnup Spent Fuel Transport from the NPP to the
ATC.
• Infrastructure. Detailed study was performed. Limitations were
found in the railroad infrastructure. Road transportation is the
feasible solution.
• Concerns related to Spent Fuel
o Fuel integrity after several years under storage prior
transportation and during Normal Condition of Transport.
Maximum storage “estimated” time before first shipment: ¿¿20
years??? (low burnup fuel) and ¿¿10 years?? (high burnup fuel)
o For canisterized systems, open the canister is required (hot cell,
undesirable job) to transfer the fuel to the ATC canisters.
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
What’s next?????
• ATC is a temporary solution (100 years)
• R&D is required to provide solutions to future alternatives
Deep Geological
Disposal ??
Reprocessing
and recycling??
Others???
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Conclusions
• Most of the SF is actually storaged in the spent fuel pools
• Dry storage was required due to several reasons. Four ISFSI’s
were built to “quickly” and “temporary” cover the needs,
but…….is the H/MLW storage problems for the next 60 years
resolved?
• The ATC will do…..at least for the next 60-100 years, so it is a
priority for the SF and H/MLW management
• It gain time on trends and technological and social advances,
before decision making
• Site selection and approval process was a hard task but finally a
true
• Time frame for operation………..best estimation, 2017
• In the meantime, working hard for future better solutions
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
Thanks for your attention!
This document contains information proprietary to Equipos Nucleares, S.A. (Ensa) and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without written authorization of Ensa.
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