www.visuallearningsys.com 1 800 453 8481 25 Union Street, Brandon, VT 05733 investigando la herencia guía del profesor Editors: Brian A. Jerome Ph.D. Stephanie Zak Jerome Assistant Editors: Louise Marrier Josh Hummel Toni Ramirez Graphics: Fred Thodal a message from our company | viewing clearances | use and copyright a message from our company . . . Visual Learning is a Vermont-based, family owned company specializing in the creation of science programs. As former classroom science teachers, we have designed our programs to meet the needs and interests of both students and teachers. Our mission is to help educators and students meet educational goals while experiencing the thrill of science! viewing clearances The video and accompanying teacher’s guide are for instructional use only. In showing these programs, no admission charges are to be incurred. The programs are to be utilized in face-to-face classroom instructional settings, library settings, or similar instructional settings. Duplication rights are available, but must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Television, cable, or satellite rights are also available, but must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Closed circuit rights are available, and are defined as the use of the program beyond a single classroom but within a single campus. Institutions wishing to utilize the program in multiple campuses must purchase the multiple campus version of the program, available at a slightly higher fee. Video streaming rights are available and must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Discounts may be granted to institutions interested in purchasing programs in large quantities. These discounts may be negotiated with visual learning systems. use and copyright The purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce or duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher’s guide and the black line master handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video, investigando la herencia. The right is restricted only for use with this video program. Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide and student masters for any purpose other than for use with this video program is prohibited. 2 The video and this teacher’s guide are the exclusive property of the copyright holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (Title 17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506). Copyright © 2013 ISBN 1-59234-872-5 investigando la herencia index teacher’s guide a message from our company 2 viewing clearances 2 use and copyright 2 student learning objectives 4 assessment 4 introducing the program 5 program viewing suggestions 5 literature connections 5 key vocabulary 6 video script 6 answer key to student assessments 9 answer key to student activities 9 las actividades del estudiante ¿qué sabe ahora? 10 ¿qué ha aprendido? 11 revisión del video 12 evaluación del video 12 rasgos 13 rasgos adquiridos y los rasgos hereditarios 14 investigando la herencia 3 student learning objectives | assessment student learning objectives Upon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities, students will be able to do the following: 1 List some examples of traits of living things. 2 Cite examples of some common human traits. 3 Define heredity as the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring. 4 Explain that an acquired trait is something you learn or develop the ability to do. 5 List some examples of acquired traits. 6 Understand that inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring. 7 Cite some common examples of inherited traits. 8 Explain that genetics is the science of heredity. 9 Describe a contribution of genetics. assessment what do you know now? (p. 10): This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an understanding of students’ preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives stated on the previous pages. what have you learned? (p. 11): This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following student completion of the program and student activities. The results of this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary assessment to assess student progress. video review (p. 12): The video review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity. There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be answered at the end of the video. 4 investigando la herencia Before showing the video to students ask them to write down the color of their hair on a piece of scrap paper. Next, ask them to write down their approximate height. And last, ask them to write down their eye color. Ask them if they have any choice of these features. Ask them if they were born with these features or did they do something to get these features. Explain that these are examples of inherited characteristics. Next, ask your students to write down something they are good at or enjoy doing. Answers may range from playing a sport, to reading, to playing a musical instrument. Ask them if they inherited these abilities or if they learned to do them. Write “acquired characteristics” on the board. Explain the acquired characteristics are things we learn how to do. We are not born with acquired characteristics. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to learn more about inherited characteristics, acquired characteristics, and heredity. program viewing suggestions The student master “video review” is provided (p. 12) for distribution to students. You may choose to have your students complete this master while viewing the program or do so upon its conclusion. The program is approximately 10 to 12 minutes in length and includes a fivequestion video quiz. Answers are not provided to the video quiz in the video, but are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class. introducing the program | program viewing suggestions | literature connections introducing the program The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology and concepts. literature connections Bardoe, Cheryl. Gregor Mendel: The Friar Who Grew Peas. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2006. Graham, Ian. Genetics: The Study of Heredity. New York: Gareth Steven Publishing, 2002. Hawley, Ella. Exploring Heredity (Let’s Explore Life Science). New York: Powerkids Press, 2012. Silverman, Buffy. Hair Traits: Color, Texture, and More. Minneapolis: Lerner Classroom, 2012. investigando la herencia 5 key vocabulary |video script key vocabulary 1 2 characteristic trait inherited trait genetics video script 01 introduction 14 heredity and traits 02 Have you ever wondered why some animals look nearly identical to their parents? 03 For example, notice how this lamb looks a lot like its mother. 04 In many cases the same holds true with plants. 05 Young plants often look very similar to their parents. 06 You may have also noticed that some children look very much like their parents. 07 What causes this? 08 The answer lies in heredity. 09 What is heredity? 10 What are some of the things we can learn by studying heredity? 11 And, why is heredity important? 12 During the next few minutes we are going to answer these questions,... 13 ... and others as we investigate heredity. you 15 What’s the color of the fur of this calf? observe 16 That’s right it’s brown. 17 The 6 heredity acquired trait mother of this calf also has brown fur. 18 Fur color is one example of a characteristic. 19 Another word for characteristic is trait. 20 This dog, for example, has many different traits. 21 Some of its traits include eye color,... 22 ...fur color and thickness,... 23 ... height,... 24 ... and head shape to name just a few. 25 All living things, whether they be plants or animals have many different traits. 26 In some cases traits are passed on from parents to their children, also called offspring. 27 Heredity is the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring. investigando la herencia you decide 4 you decide 5 28 video script 3 acquired traits 29 Think about some of the things you do well. 30 Maybe you are good at playing sports. 31 Perhaps you are a very good musician. 32 Or maybe you’re an excellent reader. 33 Could you do these things when you were born? 34 No, you could not do these things when you were born... 35 ...or even when you were a toddler. 36 Instead, you had to learn how to do these things. 37 With teaching and practice, you became better at them. 38 These learned skills are called acquired traits. 39 An acquired trait is something you learned or develop the ability to do. You are not born with acquired traits. 40 Graphic Transition – inherited traits 41 Think about some of your basic physical features such as your eye color, your height, and your hair color. 42 Did you acquire or inherit these traits? 43 That’s right, you inherited these traits from your parents. 44 You can’t learn to make your eyes a different color... 45 ...and you can’t acquire the ability to make yourself taller or shorter. 46 Inherited traits are different from acquired traits. 47 Graphic Transition – heredity and science 48 As we mentioned earlier, heredity is the process of passing traits from parents to offspring. 49 Genetics is the science of heredity. 50 Genetics has produced many things that have improved our lives. 51 For example, genetics has helped create new types of plants that produce more food. 52 Genetics has enabled scientists to develop new medicines to prevent and cure diseases. 53 Needless to say, the science of genetics has a big effect on our lives. investigando la herencia 7 video script 6 7 8 54 video review 64 video quiz 55 During the past few minutes, we explored the fascinating topic of heredity. 56 We began by seeing that living things have many characteristics called traits. 57 We learned that heredity is the passing on of traits. 58 The difference between acquired traits and inherited traits were explained. 59 We discovered that acquired traits are learned. 60 Whereas inherited traits are passed on from parents to offspring. 61 Last, we learned about genetics which is the science of heredity. 62 Some of the ways genetics has helped us were highlighted. 63 This rounded out our investigation of heredity. 65 Fill in the correct word to complete the sentence. 66 1. Another word for characteristic is ___. 67 2. _____ is the passing on of traits 68 3. Learned skills are _____traits. 69 4. Eye color is an ______ trait. 70 5. _____ is the science of heredity. investigando la herencia ¿qué sabe ahora? (pág. 10) 1 rasgo 2 hojas verdes 3 crías 4 herencia 5 rasgo adquirido 6 aprender a leer 7 capacidad para llorar 8 rasgos heredados 9 capacidad para tirar una pelota de baloncesto 10 genética revisión del video (pág. 12) 1 El color del pelaje de la pantorrilla es de color café. 2 No, no podía hacer estas cosas cuando usted nació. 3 Estos rasgos fueron heredados de sus padres. ¿qué ha aprendido? (pág. 11) 1 capacidad para llorar 2 rasgo adquirido 3 capacidad para tirar una pelota de baloncesto 4 rasgo 5 crías 6 genética 7 herencia 8 aprender a leer 9 hojas verdes 10 rasgos heredados evaluación del video (pág. 12) 1 rasgo 2 la herencia 3 adquirida 4 heredado 5 genética Clave de respuestas para las actividades del estudiante answer key to student assessments | answer key to student activities Clave de respuestas para la evaluación del estudiante rasgos (pág. 13) a. 1. hojas verdes 2. muchas hojas 3. raíces b. 1. manchas 2. cuellos largos 3. cuatro patas c. 1. dos ojos de color oscuro 2. lóbulo de las orejas despegado 3. Cabello ondulado rasgos adquiridos y los rasgos hereditarios (págs. 14-15) 1 Golpear una pelota de béisbol; Rasgo adquirido; Tienes que aprender a golpear una pelota de béisbol. 2 Color de ojos; rasgo heredado; Usted nace con un color determinado de ojos. Este se transmite de padres a hijos. 3 Lóbulo adjunto; rasgo heredado; Este rasgo se transmite de padres a hijos. 4 Patear una pelota de fútbol; Rasgo adquirido; Usted necesita aprender y practicar el fútbol. Usted no nace con la capacidad de jugar al fútbol. 5 Esquiar en nieve; Rasgo adquirido; Se necesita una gran cantidad de aprendizaje y la práctica para aprender a esquiar en nieve. investigando la herencia 9 ¿qué sabe ahora? Nombre: Seleccione la mejor respuesta para cada una de las siguientes preguntas. 1 ¿Cuál es otra palabra para característica? 6 ¿Qué es un rasgo adquirido? 7 ¿Con qué rasgo usted nace? color de los ojos su altura aprender a leer El tamaño de su pie ejemplo rasgo muestra diagrama 2 ¿Cuál es el un rasgo de una planta? hojas verdes pelo rojo ojos de color café color de la piel 3 ¿Cuál es otra palabra para hijos? 8 ¿Cuál es el proceso de transmisión de rasgos de padres a hijos? 9 ¿Qué tipo de rasgo usted aprende a hacer? rasgo hereditario rasgo de intercambio rasgo de transformación rasgo adquirido 10 | investigando la herencia ¿Cuál no es un rasgo hereditario? capacidad para escuchar color de los ojos capacidad de tirar una pelota de baloncesto sonido de tu voz difusión cambio crecimiento herencia 5 ¿Cuáles son los rasgos que se transmiten de padres a hijos? rasgos heredados rasgos adquiridos ningun rasgo rasgos invisibles patitos crías conejitos padres 4 Hablando palabras capacidad de llorar cantar música capacidad de leer 10 ¿Cuál es la ciencia de la herencia? geología astronomía botánica genética visual learning systems ¿qué ha aprendido? Nombre: Seleccione la mejor respuesta para cada una de las siguientes preguntas. 1 ¿Con qué rasgo usted nace? 6 Hablando palabras capacidad de llorar cantar música capacidad de leer 2 ¿Qué tipo de rasgo usted aprende a hacer? geología astronomía botánica genética 7 rasgo hereditario rasgo de intercambio rasgo de transformación rasgo adquirido 3 4 ¿Cuál no es un rasgo hereditario? capacidad para escuchar color de los ojos capacidad de tirar una pelota de baloncesto sonido de tu voz ¿Cuál es otra palabra para característica? ejemplo rasgo muestra diagrama 5 ¿Cuál es otra palabra para hijos? patitos crías conejitos padres visual learning systems ¿Cuál es la ciencia de la herencia? ¿Cuál es el proceso de transmisión de rasgos de padres a hijos? difusión cambio crecimiento herencia 8 9 10 ¿Qué es un rasgo adquirido? color de los ojos su altura aprender a leer El tamaño de su pie ¿Cuál es el un rasgo de una planta? hojas verdes pelo rojo ojos de color café color de la piel ¿Cuáles son los rasgos que se transmiten de padres a hijos? rasgos heredados rasgos adquiridos ningun rasgo rasgos invisibles investigando la herencia | 11 revisión del video Nombre: observa ¿Cuál es el color del pelaje| de esta ternera? decide ¿Podías hacer estas cosas| cuando naciste? decide ¿Adquiriste o heredaste estos rasgos? evaluación del video A las características también se les llama _________________. La ____________________ es la transmisión de rasgos. Las habilidades aprendidas son rasgos ___________________. El color de los ojos es un rasgo _______________________. La _____________________ es la ciencia| de la herencia. 12 | investigando la herencia visual learning systems rasgos Nombre: Todos los seres vivos, ya sean plantas o animales tienen muchas características. Otra palabra para característica es rasgo. Su color de ojos y la altura son ejemplos de rasgos. Instrucciones: Enumere tres rasgos para cada uno de los seres vivos que se ven en la lista de abajo. a 1 2 3 b 1 2 3 c 1 2 3 visual learning systems investigando la herencia | 13 rasgos adquiridos y rasgos heredados Nombre: Un rasgo es una característica de un ser vivo. Los rasgos a menudo se dividen en dos grupos: rasgos adquiridos y rasgos heredados. Un rasgo adquirido es algo que aprendió a hacer. Uno no nace con rasgos adquiridos. Entre los ejemplos de rasgos adquiridos están el aprender a leer, o convertirse en un buen jugador de béisbol. Los rasgos heredados son diferentes de los rasgos adquiridos. Los rasgos heredados se transmiten de padres a crías. Los rasgos tales como el color de ojos, la estatura y la forma de su cara son rasgos heredados. Instrucciones: Describa cada uno de los rasgos mostrados. Luego decida si es un rasgo adquirido o un rasgo heredado. Después explique su respuesta. 1 Rasgo mostrado Rasgo adquirido o hereditario Explique 2 Rasgo mostrado Rasgo adquirido o hereditario Explique 14 | investigando la herencia visual learning systems rasgos adquiridos y rasgos heredados 3 Nombre: Rasgo mostrado Rasgo adquirido o heredado Explique 4 Rasgo mostrado Rasgo adquirido o heredado Explique 5 Rasgo mostrado Rasgo adquirido o heredado Explique visual learning systems investigando la herencia | 15