Dozing with d.o’s dar to give traer to bring invitar to invite llamar to call comprar to buy llevar to carry (away), to take (away), to wear querer (e > ie) to want escribir to write mirar to watch, look, to look at http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Direct-Objects-Direct-Object-Pronouns.topicArticleId-23932,articleId-23889.html Direct Object Pronouns Singular Plural Me me nos You te os lo los Them(masc.) You (formal), (masc) la las Them(fem.) You (formal), (fem) Us you familiar Vosotros Him, it(masc.) You (formal), (masc) Her, it(fem.) You (formal), (fem) What is a Direct Object Pronoun?: The DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN ANSWERS THE QUESTION WHAT? IN RELATION TO THE VERB. Remember:D-O-P answers ¿Qué? Where do they Go?:DOP’s are normally placed before the conjugated verb or after infinitives!!! Ejemplo: puedes manejarlo (You can drive it) + Notice the verb is CONJUGATED and BEFORE the Infinitive and DOP Vamos a comerlo. We are going to eat it. Notice in Spanish the “it” comes first Juan la come. (la comida) Juan eats it. María lo tiene. (el libro) María has it. El chico la compra. (la pluma) The boy buys it. La chica lo ve. (el edificio) The girl sees it. Ustedes lo leen. (el periódico) You-all read it. What about positive and negatives? Affirmative Sentence I buy the books. Compro los libros. Los compro. (I buy them.) Negative Sentence I don't buy the books. No compro los libros. No los compro. (I don't buy them.) The indirect object answers the question "To whom?" or "For whom?" the action of the verb is performed. He gives María the book. To whom does he give the book? To María. IO=María He buys me flowers. For whom does he buy the flowers? For me. IO=me Singular Plural Me to me / for me nos to us / for us Te to you/for you os to you/for you Le to him-her or you formal for him-her or you formal Les to them or you What about attaching the object pronouns? We can in the case of an infinitive: Lo quiero escuchar - - - - - - Quiero escucharlo. We can in the case of a progressive tense (ando, iendo) or POSITIVE command: Les estoy escribiendo - - - - - - - -Estoy escribiéndoles I am writing to them---- it makes it an indirect object. Commands: REMEMBER! If they are positive or negative Léala- Read it No la lea – Don’t read it. 1. I see her in the market. Yo ( la, le ) veo en el mercado. La- I see what or whom? I see HER. She receives the action. DO pronoun 2. She sends him an email Ella ( lo, le ) manda un correo electrónico Le-She sends the email TO HIM. IO pronoun 3. Luisa loves him madly. Luisa ( lo, le ) quiere locamente. Lo-She loves HIM. DO pronoun 4. You give him a kiss. Tú ( lo, le ) das un beso. Le-You give a kiss TO HIM. IO pronoun LELO So- DON’T EVER PUT le or les in front of a direct object or you will make Lelo- that means literally a “dummy” Here’s what it looks like: ¿Le diste el libro al profesor? Sí, se lo di. Ps… this is what part of the quiz is like…… but more on that a little later What about double object pronouns in a sentence! There are some basic rules to remember about combinations of pronouns in sentences. INDIRECT-1st DIRECT-2nd Another really important thing to remember: LELO LELA LESLO LESLA LESLAS Ejemplo: Rafael me contó un chiste. Rafael told me a joke. Rafael me lo contó. = Rafael told it to me. 1. La madre le lee el libro al niño. Ella se lo lee. 2. Marta te enseña las fotos. Marta te las enseña. 3. Sara les vende la moto a sus amigos. Sara se la vende. 4. Ella nos sirve unos tacos. Ella nos los sirve. 5. Sofía me compra unos aparatos. Sofía me los compra. 6. Lola les pide a ellos un favor grande. Lola se lo pide. 7. Tú y yo le damos cien dólares a Luis. Tú y yo se los damos. 8. Tu padre te paga las cuentas. Tu padre te las paga. 9. Ellos nos dicen un chiste bueno. Ellos nos lo dicen. 10. Mis tíos me muestran una foto. Mis tíos me la muestran You will need to know how to attach i.o’s and d.o.s to infinitives! An example with an infinitive: -Rogelio, ¿le diste la medicina a tu abuela? - No, voy a ____ ahora. dársela Example using the preterite to answer a question w/dops/iops –Hijo, ¿nos trajiste los aparatos digitales de la tienda? -No pude, pero voy a _____ esta noche. 1. The first step…. Figure out WHO the person is talking to. There are two clues. The person is talking TO YOU! (trajiste, pude) The next step is to figure out TO WHOM we are doing an action. We will be bringing something to them. Traerse but… we still need to find one more thing. The next step is to figure out WHAT is receiving the action. Traerselos Traérselos but… we still need to find one more thing. ACCENT!