Lectura de Tesis Doctoral - Cenim

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Avenida de la Universidad, 30, Leganés
25 de Junio de 2015 12:30 h Salón de Grados AUDITORIO PADRE SOLER
Lectura de Tesis Doctoral
Sandra Carolina Cifuentes
PROCESSING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL BIODEGRADABLE AND
BIORESORBABLE PLA/MG COMPOSITES FOR OSTOSYNTHESIS
Sandra Carolina Cifuentes
Grupo de Materiales Avanzados de Alto Valor Añadido (AVANZA)
Departamento de Metalurgia Física (CENIM-CSIC)
Eliminating the need for permanent implants removal is the driving force for the research on the
development of biodegradable implants. The aim of this thesis was to overcome main drawbacks
of current bioresorbable materials used in osteosynthesis (Polylactic acid and Mg), broadening
their applications. On one hand, the polylactic acid is associated with foreign body reactions,
osteolysis and weaker mechanical properties in comparison with permanent metallic devices,
which limits its applications to low-load bearing fractures. On the other, Mg and its alloys
present a high degradation rate which leads to the formation of dangerous subcutaneous gas
bubbles and a pH increment that causes bone damage and osteolysis.
The long-term goal of this thesis focuses on providing solutions that would lead to cheaper and
less intrusive orthopaedic surgery. Novel biodegradable and bioresorbable composite materials
based on polylactic acid and Mg were designed and developed. For the matrix, poly-L-lactic acid
and poly-L,D-lactic acid with a 4.25% of D-lactyl were used. As reinforcement, irregular shape
Mg particles and spherical Mg and Mg5Zn particles were used. PLA/Mg composites were
fabricated by means of solvent-free common processes used in industry: extrusion/compression
and injection moulding at a lab scale and extrusion/compression at a mid-scale. Experimental
results provide evidence that novel PLA/Mg composites have a great potential as resorbable and
biocompatible biomaterials for applications in osteosynthesis; while Mg improves polylactic acid
mechanical properties, and biocompatibility, the polymeric matrix slows down the degradation
rate of Mg, preventing high pH and controlling the hydrogen release.
Directores:
José Luis González Carrasco (CENIM) y Rosario Benavente (ICTP)
Departamento: Departamento de Metalurgia Física. CENIM (CSIC)
Doctor en: Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales (UC3M)
Tribunal:
Presidente:
Vocales:
Secretario:
Dr. Javier Gil Mur (UPC)
Dr. Aldo R. Boccaccini (Universidad Friedrich-Alexander,Erlangen. Nuremberg)
Dra. Antonia Jiménez Morales (UC3M)
Contacto e información adicional: jlg@cenim.csic.es
Cómo llegar: http://www.uc3m.es/portal/page/portal/conocenos/comoMoverse/planoLeganes
Vicedirección de Comunicación y Formación. conforma@cenim.csic.es
Teléfono de contacto: 91 5538900