BRIOGRAPHIES ACTIVITY 1 Brazilian soccer prodigy, Neymar. Born on February 5, 1992, in São Paulo, Brazil, Neymar drew attention for his impressive soccer abilities at an early age. He emerged as a star for Santos FC as a teenager, winning four straight Player of the Year awards while becoming one of Brazil's most popular public figures. Neymar made the leap to Europe to join FC Barcelona for the start of the 2013-14 season, and became a fixture for a club that claimed numerous domestic and international titles. After leading the Brazilian men to their first Olympic gold medal in 2016, the star forward transferred to France's Paris Saint-Germain the following year. Neymar and former girlfriend Carolina Dantas had a son in August 2011 whom they named David Lucca. Neymar is a Pentecostal Christian and has sometimes been seen sporting a headband that says: "100% Jesus." The son of a former professional soccer player, Neymar followed in his father's footsteps by playing street games and futsal, an indoor version of the game. He joined the Portuguesa Santista youth club in 1999, and within a few years was one of the most highly regarded young talents in the country. Neymar joined the youth system of Santos FC at age 11. News of his abilities spread to Europe, and he was offered the chance to continue his development with Real Madrid C.F. at age 14, but the Santos team's management reportedly convinced Neymar to stay put with a large bonus. Neymar made his senior debut for Santos in 2009 and lived up to the hype by earning the league's Best Young Player award. He emerged as a full-blown star in 2010, helping Santos claim the league and Copa do Brasil championships en route to the first of three straight scoring titles and four straight Player of the Year awards. That season he also made his debut for the senior national team and debuted a Mohawkstyle haircut, which quickly became popular among younger fans Who Is Neymar? What did he do after he got a golden medal? How can you describe his early life? When did he start his rising star? ACTIVITY 2 English lessons and exercises > English test #24228: Past time expressions > Other English exercises on the same topic: Prepositions [Change theme] > Similar tests: - Adjective and preposition - FOR and its use - Across / through - Adjectives and prepositions - Adjectives and prepositions - Prepositions and location - Prepositions of time - Prepositions: Finding one's way > Double-click on words you don't understand Past time expressions Choose the right word. Twitter Share English exercise "Past time expressions" created by anonyme with The test builder. Click here to see the current stats of this English test Please log in to save your progress. 1. I was born in Africa 1970. 2. My parents moved back to England 3. We lived in Bristol 4. I left college three years 5. I found a flat on my own 6. I usually go home 7. I didn't go home 8. They arrived I was five. three years. . last year. the weekend. weekend because some friends came to stay. three o'clock in the afternoon. 9. Saturday evening we went out to a concert. 10. we got home, we listened to some music. 11. We got up late Sunday morning. 12. the afternoon, we went for a walk. 13. I bought a car a few weeks 14. I had an accident 15. It happened . last night. seven o'clock in the evening. 16. I took my car to the garage 17. It will be ready this morning. two weeks. ACTIVITY 3 Speaking practice. Here you are the cues and make a conversation with your partner. Graduation from high school Graduation from college/university Moving out of your parents’ house First day of work Marriage engagement Wedding Birth of child Every decade (age 20, 30, 40, etc.) Career milestones (promotions, job changes, etc.) Marriage milestones (1 year anniversary, 5 years, etc.) First home That’s only a short list of possibilities. You might want to do some just for a bad day, or some general ones for important days you might not expect. BREAKTHROUGHTS ACTIVITY 4 Changes in the world As we get closer and closer to 2019, it's hard not to look back on the years past and reflect on how different everything is now. Twenty years ago, in 1999, the world was a completely different place than it is today. We were on the dawn of a new millennium, stressed and unsure about what Y2K would bring. Cell phones were only just beginning to become popular, social media was not yet the number one topic of conversation, Britney Spears had just dropped her first album, and newspapers and magazines were still going strong. Although 1999 might not feel that far away sometimes, when you think about how much the world has changed since then, it feels like it happened a million years ago. Here are a few more examples of how different our lives are today: You're now on the internet more than you aren't on the internet, instead of just using it for school or work. Today, you can talk on the phone and use the internet at the same time. You no longer have to worry about breathing in secondhand smoke when going out to eat. You now get more excited about television than you do about movies. You no longer have to sit around hoping your Napster song download goes through. You rent movies off Amazon Prime instead of heading to Blockbuster. Eating at a restaurant has become a social experience. You can no longer go on vacation and truly take a break from everything. Many people see terrorist attacks a more of a looming threat today. You probably also have a much bigger fear of mass shootings today than you did 20 years ago. You now get updates from the president of the United States on Twitter. You no longer have to memorize anyone's phone numbers. You text instead of leaving voicemails. Everyone has a smartphone, and most people don't even know what a Nokia is. You have to take your shoes off when you fly now. Online dating is the norm today. You have the option to watch television without commercials. . You now take photos on your cell phone instead of a film camera. You use Google Chrome instead of Internet Explorer. You make playlists instead of burning CDs. Which one is the most important to you? Why? Write a descriptive composition. ACTIVITY 5 Productive Reading Practice. Events that has changed the world. 70 years later: How World War II changed America Rick Hampson USA TODAY 0:02 0:59 Even as World War II was ending 70 years ago, Americans already knew it transformed their country. What they didn’t know was just how much or for how long. In that last wartime summer of 1945, the seeds1 of a new America started to grow up. Not just postwar America — the Baby Boom, the Cold War, the Affluent Society, the sprawling suburbs — but the one in which we live today. Look closely at the war years, and you can see those seeds. •Two brothers who opened a drive-in restaurant in San Bernardino, Calif., were struck by working families’ desire for cheap meals served fast — faster than their carhops could serve them2. Their name was McDonald. •While building homes for federal war workers, a family-owned Long Island construction company had learned how to lay dozens of concrete foundations in a single day, and preassemble uniform walls and roofs. The firm’s name was Levitt & Sons. 1 What do you understand by seeds? Use you own words and describe this expression. faster them……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 than their carhops could serve •A young, black Army lieutenant was court-martialed in 1944 after he refused to sit in the back of a military bus at Camp Hood, Texas. The trial prevented him from serving overseas, but he was acquitted. His name was Jackie Robinson. •In 1944, an Army Air Forces photographer discovered a beautiful young woman working on an aircraft assembly line in Burbank, Calif. One of his photos helped land her a modeling job. Her name was Norma Jean Baker. Later she would change it to Marilyn Monroe. •In 1945, engineers were finishing a sort of “electronic brain” 3 for the Army. Equipped with 18,000 vacuum tubes instead of the usual electrical switches, it could do about 5,000 computations per second — 4,996 more than the best electric calculator. They called it an Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. Only the last word stuck. In the next decade, the Levitts would build Levittown, N.Y., the most famous postwar suburb. McDonald’s, focusing on assembly line hamburgers, would begin its ascent to global fast-food dominance4. Robinson would integrate Major League Baseball. 3 4 Use only one word to explain the mening of “electronic brain” Use your own words and explain the mening of this expression. its ascent to global fast-food dominance HEALTH AND LIFE STYLE ACTIVITY 6 Learn English > English lessons and exercises > English test #108575: Should or shouldn't for your health > Other English exercises on the same topics: Speaking | Conditional and hypothesis | Modals | Diseases [Change theme] > Similar tests: - Vocabulary: greeting people - Conditional - Vocabulary: on the phone - On the phone - I wish, if only - Interacting with someone - Dialogue : What time...? - Eating out-Vocabulary > Double-click on words you don't understand Should or shouldn't for your health Complete the sentences. Twitter Share English exercise "Should or shouldn't for your health" created by papjo30 with The test builder. [More lessons & exercises from papjo30] Click here to see the current stats of this English test Please log You in to drink save alcohol your with that progress. medicine. You exercise You smoke. You have is day. not healthy. fatty a bad foods. toothache,you should go to 's. You run You eat You some It eat You a every every three have a two meals days. a stomachache,you should day. take . You drive You sleep while 8 taking hours this every drug. night. ACTIVITY 7 ADVICES TO HAVE A GOOD LIFE STYLE. The 8 Health Habits Experts Say You Need in Your 20s By TARA PARKER-POPE OCT. 17, 2016 Photo CreditKim Murton Email Share Tweet Save More This article is part of a series aimed at helping you navigate life’s opportunities and challenges. What else should we write about? Contact us: smarterliving@nytimes.com. If you had just one piece of health advice for people in their 20s, what would it be? That’s the question we posed to a number of experts in nutrition, obesity, cardiology and other health disciplines. While most 20-year-olds don’t worry much about their health, studies show the lifestyle and health decisions we make during our third decade of life have a dramatic effect on how well we age. Staying healthy in your 20s is strongly associated with a lower risk for heart disease in middle age, according to research from Northwestern University. That study showed that most people who adopted five healthy habits in their 20s – a lean body mass index, moderate alcohol consumption, no smoking, a healthy diet and regular physical activity – stayed healthy well into middle age. And a disproportionate amount of the weight we gain in life is accumulated in our 20s, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The average woman in the United States weighs about 150 when she’s 19, but by the time she’s 29, she weighs 162 pounds – that’s a gain of 12 pounds. An average 19-year-old man weighs 175 pounds, but by the time he hits 29 he is nine pounds heavier, weighing in at 184 pounds. But it can be especially difficult for a young adult to focus on health. Young people often spend long hours at work, which can make it tough to exercise and eat well. They face job pressure, romantic challenges, money problems and family stress. Who has time to think about long-term health? To make it easier, we asked our panel of experts for just one simple piece of health advice. We skipped the obvious choices like no smoking or illegal drug use – you know that already. Instead we asked them for simple strategies to help a 20-something get on the path to better health. Here’s what they had to say. (Related: Why you should skip health websites and just see a doctor) 1. Weigh yourself often. - Susan Roberts, professor of nutrition at Tufts University and co-founder of the iDiet weight management program Buy a bathroom scale or use one at the gym and weigh yourself regularly. There is nothing more harmful to longterm health than carrying excess pounds, and weight tends to creep up starting in the 20s. It is pretty easy for most people to get rid of three to five pounds and much harder to get rid of 20. If you keep an eye on your weight you can catch it quickly. 2. Learn to cook. - Barbara J. Rolls, professor and Guthrie Chair of Nutritional Sciences at Penn State Learning to cook will save you money and help you to eat healthy. Your focus should be on tasty ways to add variety to your diet and to boost intake of veggies and fruits and other nutrient-rich ingredients. As you experiment with herbs and spices and new cooking techniques, you will find that you can cut down on the unhealthy fats, sugar and salt, as well as the excess calories found in many prepared convenience foods. Your goal should be to develop a nutritious and enjoyable eating pattern that is sustainable and that will help you not only to be well, but also to manage your weight. (Related: The foods you should stop buying and start making yourself) 3. Cut back on sugar. - Steven E. Nissen, chairman of cardiovascular medicine at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation I suggest that young people try to avoid excessive simple sugar by eliminating the most common sources of consumption: 1) sugared soft drinks 2) breakfast cereals with added sugar and 3) adding table sugar to foods. Excessive sugar intake has been linked to obesity and diabetes, both of which contribute to heart disease. Sugar represents “empty calories” with none of the important nutrients needed in a balanced diet. Conversely, the traditional dietary villains, fat, particularly saturated fat, and salt, have undergone re-examination by many thoughtful nutrition experts. In both cases, the available scientific evidence does not clearly show a link to heart disease. 4. Live an active life. - Walter Willett, chairman of the nutrition department at the Harvard School for Public Health While many people can’t find time for a scheduled exercise routine, that doesn’t mean you can’t find time to be active. Build physical activity into your daily life. Find a way to get 20 or 30 minutes of activity each day, including riding a bike or briskly walking to work. (Related: Learn how to run like a pro.) 5. Eat your veggies. - Marion Nestle, professor of nutrition, food studies and public health at New York University Nutrition science is complicated and debated endlessly, but the basics are well established: Eat plenty of plant foods, go easy on junk foods, and stay active. The trick is to enjoy your meals, but not to eat too much or too often. 6. Practice portion control. - Lisa R. Young, adjunct professor of nutrition at New York University My tip would be to not to ban entire food groups but to practice portion control. Portion control doesn’t mean tiny portions of all foods - quite the opposite. It’s okay to eat larger portions of healthy foods like vegetables and fruit. No one got fat from eating carrots or bananas. Choose smaller portions of unhealthy foods such as sweets, alcohol and processed foods. When eating out, let your hand be your guide. A serving of protein like chicken or fish should be the size of your palm. (Think 1-2 palms of protein.) A serving of starch, preferably a whole grain such as brown rice or quinoa should be the size of your fist. Limit high-fat condiments like salad dressing to a few tablespoons – a tablespoon is about the size of your thumb tip. 7. Adopt a post-party exercise routine. - Barry Popkin, professor of global nutrition at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill If you engage in a lot of drinking and snacking, ensure you exercise a lot to offset all those extra calories from Friday to Sunday that come with extra drinking and eating. We found in a study that on Friday through Sunday young adults consumed about 115 more calories than on other days, mainly from fat and alcohol FUTURE LIVING ACTIVITY 8 THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD Future world fairs must focus on green technology which can help conserve the natural environment. They can also negate the impact of industrialization. They should focus on recycling, water purification, remediation and renewable energy sources. The environment is a major issue for all world nations. They can be highlighted in future world fairs (Schell, 1982). Alternate energy sources like solar energy and wind energy can create fewer problems than fossil fuels. They are much cleaner and do not damage the environment. Global warming will be a major theme of futuristic world expositions. The reduction of greenhouse gases and pollution will be addressed. Futuristic technology which can sustain both human development and the environment will be the features of such expositions (Schell, 1982). The menace of world conflicts will also be addressed in future world expositions. Most of the citizens of the world desire a world which is prosperous, peaceful and free from conflicts. A future world exposition will generate new ideas about conflict resolution and to use pacifist means to prevent war. A global anti war movement could effectively utilize a future world fair to enable its views to be heard in all parts of the globe. Other problems of the world like illiteracy, hunger, poverty, terrorism, environment destruction, low standard of living, lack of access to clean water and social problems will be the themes of future world expositions. New technologies of the future like nanotechnology, stem cell research, growing of human organs in animals and genetically modified crops will also be introduced in such futuristic world expositions. The internet has created a new revolution for human beings. The huge accessibility of information is amazing given that a person can access it from anywhere in the globe. The concept of world fairs has not become obsolete by the advent of the internet. The internet can be successfully used to host a world fair. It would be an amazing introduction to the entire world. The world fairs can be based on different themes. They would focus on the issues confronting human beings (Schurman, 2006). The best type of future world fair would be one which is both in cyberspace and in real society Visitors who can travel to the country hosting the exposition can see the pavilions, concepts, themes and stalls. People who are unable to travel to the host country can access it from the internet. While the internet is a huge portal of information not every person has the time or resources to access the information. An internet based world exposition would centralize the concepts and themes of the 21st century. It would provide easy accessibility for the people who want to access it and understand the issues confronted by human beings. The future world fair will not be hosted by countries but instead would be a collection of concepts and ideas by individuals and private organizations. This would facilitate the exchange of cultural ideas and help promote global peace. Future world fairs must focus on the social issues of the 21st century. The threat of terrorism and warfare must be countered by facilitating a dialogue between individuals representing various civilizations. World fairs have been the third largest world events since the nineteenth century. Read this essay. What other problems will happen in the city after 40 years? Write a composition about it. PROBLEMS AND ADVICES AND FUTURE LIVING ACTIVITY 9 READING Yale College Writing Center www.yale.edu/writing Adapted from Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab (OWL) by Karin Gosselink © 2011 WRITING PERSONAL STATEMENTS FOR GRADUATE SCHOOL The graduate school personal statement is your opportunity to convey what you might be like as a future colleague and professional within your discipline. It is your chance to articulate the passion that will make you a motivated scholar and teacher, as well as your familiarity with the field and your potential research interests. An interesting, well-written, and polished personal statement represents the confident, intelligent, and grounded professional you will become. Initial Preparation: • Thoroughly research the schools and departments to which you plan to apply. Other than business, law, medical or other professional schools, most graduate programs enroll twenty or fewer students each year. Graduate admissions committees want to know why you are the best fit for their program/department. Each department is unique, and your statement should reflect your knowledge of the department’s research strengths. • Clarify your motivations and goals for pursuing a graduate degree. Keep in mind that graduate school prepares you for a specific profession: why do you want to join that profession? • Talk to current graduate students and professors about the environment and expectations of the field you want to enter. Consider how your skills and experience have prepared you for success in this field. • Read recent journal articles and other scholarship in the field that is close to your scholarly interests. Goals for the Personal Statement: • Demonstrate your intellectual passion for the field—what thrills or excites you about the research you’ve done or you would like to do? • Provide concrete examples of your skills, interests, and previous research in the field, and how they might inform the research you would like to pursue in your graduate studies. • Show that you are familiar with the procedures and expectations of scholarship and professional training in your field, and that you have the character, qualities and experience to thrive. Use the professional language of the field to describe your scholarly interests. • Graduate school is extremely challenging—intellectually, emotionally, and financially. Convey that you have the energy and perseverance to succeed through examples of challenges you’ve faced and how you’ve overcome them. What to avoid: • Cliché: Statements like, “I’ve always wanted to help people,” “I have always loved reading novels,” etc., are both overused and uninteresting to graduate admissions committees. Using vague, clichéd phrases to explain your interest in the field undermines the seriousness and professionalism of the scholarly endeavor. Instead, try to provide a specific anecdote that illustrates what sparked and sustains your passion. • Personal statements can have moments of humor that reflect your character/personality, but the primary purpose isn’t to show how clever you are in composing the essay; it’s to present yourself as an interesting and potentially inspiring future colleague. For example, writing a humorous piece about how you want to study psychology because you were inspired by watching The Sopranos (which might be acceptable for an undergraduate personal statement) wouldn’t be useful for the graduate school application. • Lists of accomplishments: This is what the rest of the application is for. Instead, focus on just one or two experiences that illustrate the qualities and interests that will make you a good potential scholar. Drafting the Personal Statement Questions to prompt your writing: • What event or experience inspired your decision to seriously pursue studies in your field? • What research, scholarship, or experience in the last few years reflects your future scholarly interests? How does it show your knowledge, skills, and passion about the field? • What specific line of inquiry or areas of research would you like to pursue as a graduate student/future scholar? Why are those issues of particular interest to you? Why might they be important to the field as a whole? • What experience illustrates your ability to meet the rigors and challenges of graduate study? General suggestions for organization: • Begin with a story: Use the first paragraph to tell a narrative that illustrates your intellectual passion and personal commitment to the field. • Use the middle section of your essay to focus on your intellectual experience with the field and your goals for future research. • Conclude with why you would excel in your studies, especially at the particular institution to which you are applying. Revising and polishing your statement: • After writing an initial draft, set up an appointment with a Residential College Writing Tutor to discuss the content and organization of the draft. • Revise the draft and then arrange a meeting with a professor/mentor in the field to look over your statement and offer suggestions. • Revise your draft again and meet with a Residential College Writing Tutor to polish the essay in terms of structure, style, and grammar. Other things to keep in mind: • Tailor each statement to the question asked by each graduate school. • Tailor each statement to reflect your knowledge of that particular program and professors. For example, is there an archive at the university that you would like to take advantage of? Are there particular laboratories or specialties among the graduate faculty that would give you an opportunity to pursue your interests? WRITING WRITE A COMPOSITION ABOUT EXPECTATIONS AFTER GRADUATING. FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS ATTACHED IN THE FILE BELOW 1. 2. 3. Work» Career Advice» Getting Ahead at Work» Five Steps for Success After Graduating From College by Sara Mahuron Related Articles 1Use a Master's Degree to Change Jobs 2Write a Personal Mission Statement in Career Goals 3The Outline of Five-Year Career Goals and What You Need to Do to Achieve Those Goals 4Use Transferable Skills to Make a Career Change Graduating from college is a big milestone for many adults. It marks success for many and opens doors. New graduates have high expectations for the future they have worked so hard for. Use the enthusiasm graduation brings to jump start your career and post-graduate success. Re-evaluate your goals and align your efforts to achieve them. It's time to stop living like a college student and become a professional. Evaluate Your Finances Your finances became more complicated when you graduated. While you may no longer have a tuition bill, you will need housing, transportation, health insurance, food and professional clothing. If you relied heavily on financial aid, your financial situation may change drastically when you graduate. Limited funds can quickly turn to no funds. And on top of that, your student loans will soon become due. Plan for how you will make payments until you get a job. Avoid living beyond your means and pay important expenses first. Set Goals Now that you have accomplished the goal of graduation, it is time to set new goals to serve as your framework for post-graduate success. Create a big picture of what success means to you. Do you want to work for a particular company? Do you want marriage and children? Do you dream of home ownership, or do you already dream of retirement? Your goals should be based on what you want for your life so you can plan the actions you need to take to get what you want. Update Your Look It is time to look professional. Pack away your college wardrobe and t-shirt collection. To get the job you want, you will need to look the part. Think beyond your wardrobe and create a professional image all around. Make sure you present a professional image on social networking sites, trade your backpack in for a briefcase and get a makeover. While your expectations changed when you graduated, so did others' expectations of you. Dress to impress and remember the value of a great first impression every time you meet someone new. Update Your Resume Your resume should no longer look a like a student resume. Make it one page for an entry level resume. Keep everything direct and to the point, making sure it is not over-crowded. Use keywords. Replace the objective statement with a brief profile or inventory of your related skills. Use friendly formatting and make sure your resume is well-proofread. Get feedback from peers before you seek it from employers. Use professional language and write accomplishments in an objective, measurable format. Include a cover letter with your resume and send a follow-up letter and thank you note. Find a Job Define a career path, but be open to different opportunities. Create a professional image but expect an entry-level job. Expect this to take some work and effort. Focus on using social opportunities to network and actively seek out a mentor in your field. Look for opportunities to get involved in your field -- even if you haven't found a job yet. Don't let your graduation be the end of your learning -- stay up-to-date in your field. Take advantage of your college's career center and attend career fairs
