Line Distance Protection and Control Terminal Unit 1stEdição Edition 1 21/21N PROTECTION 78 50HS Distance Protection (21, 21N), 5 independent zones with quadrilateral characteristic 50/51 Overreach of Zone 1 Distance Protection 50/51N 67/67N 85/21 85/67N 27WI 46 Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping (78) Switch-Onto-Fault protection (50HS) High Set Overcurrent Protection with High- Speed Tripping (50, 50N) Low Set Overcurrent Protection with Definite or Inverse Time (51, 51N) Overcurrent Protection with extensive Setting Range nd (2 51, 51N) 79 Directional Phase and Earth Fault Overcurrent (67, 67N) 25 Distance Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85, 21) 62/62BF 43 Directional Earth Fault Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85, 67N) Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic (27WI) Remote Tripping Phase Balance (46) 4 Group of settings APLICATION CONTROL AND MONITORING The TPU L420 has been designed as a protection and terminal unit for supervision and control of aerial lines, integrating the distance protection function, with a main application in line feeders. Automatic Reclosing (79) Synchronism and Voltage check (25) Supervision of VTs Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (62BF) The TPU L420 performs a wide range of protection and automation functions. It has an extensive range of user programming options, offering high accuracy regulation in currents, voltages, temporisations and optional characteristics. All protection and automation functions settings are independent among themselves, having 4 groups of settings for each function. Trip Circuit Supervision (62) Protection Trip Transfer (43) Dead Line Detection Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision Distributed Automation There are 3 different versions of the TPU L420 which offer the user the flexibility to choose the suitable relay for each application. The possibility to program logic interlockings complementary to the existent control functions provides additional protection configuration that can be used to adapt the unit to the user’s needs. Programmable Logic The local interface of the TPU L420 integrates a graphic display where is presented a mimic with the state of all equipment of the bay, as well as its respective measurements. In the front panel there are also several functional keys that allow an easy operation of the protection in the most frequent operation situations. Event Chronological Recorder As a terminal unit, the TPU L420 is capable of accurate measurements of all the values of a line and several fault monitoring functions, including Oscillography and Event Chronological Recorder. These functions allow its integration as a Remote Unit in EFACEC’s Supervision Command and Control Systems, offering at the same time a connection to a PC. Together with the TPU L420 is supplied an integrated software package for PC interface with the protection – WinProt – either locally or trough the local communication network. This application allows, besides other functionalities, the access and modification of relay settings and configurations and also the gathering and detailed analysis of the produced records. Configurable Analogue Comparators High Precision Measurements Load Diagram Oscillography Fault Locator High number of Binary Inputs and Outputs Self-Tests and Watchdog INTERFACES Graphical Display with Mimic Functional Keys to Operate Equipments 8 Programmable Alarms 3 Serial Ports for PC connection Lontalk Interface Network 100 Mbps Ethernet Redundant Interface DNP 3.0 Serial Protocol IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol IEC 61850 Protocol PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Distance Protection The distance protection offers complete protection against all kind of faults in systems where the neutral connection to earth is solid or by means of a limiting impedance. The TPU L420 has five distance protection zones, with quadrilateral characteristic, working in parallel and completely independent. X The operation times can also be separately regulated for the two types of fault loops. There are two different start conditions for the distance protection: minimum impedance or maximum current. In the first option, the function starts if the fault is located in any of the five operation zones; in case of maximum current start the distance protection operation is additionally supervised by settable current thresholds. Any of the protection zones can be configured as non-directional or directional and in the last case is possible to choose the direction of the operation. Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1 ϕ R Zone 4 Zone 5 Distance Protection Characteristic For each protection zone, six independent measurement systems are considered, three for the phase to phase fault loops and three for the phase to earth fault loops, according to a full-scheme drawing. The phase to earth faults are detected by monitoring the neutral current and the zero sequence voltage. Additionally, the TPU L420 implements a judicious selection of the fault loop more suitable to each short circuit, including time-evolving faults, in order to assure a correct operation of the protection and an adequate signalisation of the involved phases. The range of the operational characteristic both in reactance and resistance can be separately regulated for phase to phase loops and for phase to earth loops, which allows considering higher fault resistance in case of earth faults or higher inaccuracy in the calculation of line impedance for this type of faults. The resistance or reactance values which define the operation thresholds and the characteristics of the protected line can be set in primary or secondary values of the measurement transformers. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 For each fault loop, the TPU L420 uses the memory of pre-fault voltages in the nonfaulty phase(s) to determine the direction of the fault current and to evaluate the directional characteristic. When the memory is full, the instantaneous values of the same voltages are used. These choices allow a correct selection of the short circuit currents’ direction, even for close-in faults and for the first instants after fault occurrence. This function can be used in a fast tripping scheme for any fault in the protected line, in interaction with the automatic reclosing function, without the need to communicate with the protection on the other side of the line. In this case, the overreach will remain active in resting condition as long as the reclosing is ready to operate, and the first protection zone will go back to normal parameters after the corresponding trip. The overreach of the zone 1 distance protection may also be integrated in a specific teleprotection scheme – zone acceleration or ZA. Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping / The loop impedances calculated by the Distance Protection may present its operational characteristics within a power swing condition, what may cause the protection step tripping, if there is no active blocking element. X ∆Z Zona 3 Additionally is possible to adapt the operational characteristic to the specific parameters of the line to be protected, in particular to consider different angles for the forward stages and the reverse stages. The k0 compensation factor of the fault impedance calculation for phase to earth short circuits may also present different values for the first stage and, among the remaining stages, for those operating forward and for those operating reverse. The distance protection algorithm makes the compensation of the load current in the evaluation of the characteristic reactance thresholds, being immune to the influence of the fault resistance. The TPU L420 also allows the discrimination of load conditions with total security and stability eliminating the respective impedances of the operation zone by means of a suitable characteristic. Overreach Protection of Zone 1 Distance The reactance reach of the zone 1 distance protection may be changed according to one logic condition. Different reaches can be set for phase to phase faults and for phase to earth faults. Zona 2 Zona 1 R ∆Z Zona 4 Zona 5 Power swing’s evaluation area. The module of Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping by TPU L420 Synchronism Loss distinguishes the power swing’s default situations, through the continuous and supervision of the impedances evolution criteria, allowing the selective blocking of any Distance Protection step. Beyond the power swings detection of, the TPU L420 evaluates the synchronism loss occurrences, being able to allow the tripping, if the conditions are about to verify. Switch-Onto-Fault Protection When energising a faulty line, the distance protection may not offer adequate equipment protection. This problem is 2/23 especially relevant for three phase close-in faults when the voltage transformers are connected on the line’s side because the distance protection can loose its directional feature due to the absence of the voltages memory. The switch-onto-fault protection completes the distance protection, by providing fast elimination of permanent faults after a manual close operation. However, this function can also be activated in case of close operations by automatic reclosing. The switch-onto-fault protection is an additional overcurrent function, with instantaneous operation. This function can be activated by internal criteria resulting from the evaluation of the dead line detection module or, as an option, by the observation of external contacts associated to the circuit breaker close command and to the device’s state. The function remains activated for a configurable time after the previous conditions changed to rest. Additionally, some stages of the distance or earth directional protections can be configured by changing the factory set logic, for example, for instantaneous operation during the activation conditions of the switch-onto-fault function. High Set Overcurrent with highspeed tripping The high set overcurrent protection is usually targeted for very fast protection where selective coordination is obtained through the setting of the RMS current (cut-off). In the TPU L420, high sets are independent for protection of phase to phase faults and of phase to earth faults. A selective timing can also be set. For the IEC complying option, the timecurrent functions follow the general expression: top [s ] = aT ( Icc / I >)b − 1 NI a=0,14 b=0,02 A=16,86 VI a=13,5 b=1 A=29,7 EI a=80 b=2 A=80 LI a=120 b=1 A=264 For the IEEE complying option, the timecurrent functions follow the general expression: ⎛ ⎞ c + e ⎟TIEEE top [s ] = ⎜ ⎜ ( Icc / I >) d − 1 ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ NI c=0,103 d=0,02 e=0,228 A=9,7 VI c=39,22 d=2 e=0,982 A=43,2 EI c=56,4 d=2 e=0,243 A=58,2 LI c=56,143 d=1 e=21,8592 A=133,1 Definite Time Universal Overcurrent with wide setting range In parallel and independently from the previous functions, the TPU L420 performs a second overcurrent protection function with constant time. The wide setting range of this protection function allows several applications. The several stages of the overcurrent protections, particularly those of the functions against phase to phase faults can operate permanently, in parallel with the distance protection or, as an option, be activated only in case of distance protection lock due to malfunction in the voltage transformers circuit. with Option between virtual image of the zero sequence current and direct observation of the 4th current input The low set overcurrent protection offers sensitivity and step timings for selective coordination (time-lag overcurrent). The TPU L420 provides both the independent and the inverse time options. These options comply with International Standards, which is a guarantee for compatibility with other devices. The functions of TPU L420 meet the IEC 60255-3 and IEEE 37.112 standards. The TPU L420 is prepared to observe the th zero sequence current of the line in its 4 current input, obtained either from the connection of the neutral point of the phase currents inputs, or from a toroidal current transformer in the line. However, the TPU L420 also performs internally the calculation of the zero sequence current in the line, directly from the virtual sum of the three phase currents. The settings of the low set overcurrent function are also independent for phase to phase and for phase to earth faults. For each of the three earth fault protection elements, the TPU L420 allows the selection of the source of the zero sequence current. This fact allows Low Set Overcurrent definite/inverse time TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 combining the observation of high phase to earth fault currents, using the wide operation range of phase CT, with the high sensitivity to high resistive faults given by the toroidal transformer. The sensitivity can even be increased by choosing a low nominal value for the fourth current input (0,2 or 0,04 A). Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent Protection The distance protection may not guarantee the necessary sensitivity for the detection of all short circuits to the earth, in particular in networks whose neutral does not have a solid connection to earth or if the fault resistance is high. For this type of short circuits the earth fault overcurrent protection can be a complementary function to the previous one, if directional criteria are added. Through the measurement of the zero sequence active and reactive powers is possible to differentiate the forward faults and the reverse faults relatively to the protection location. The measure of these power values is equivalent to the ratio between the phase fault current and the zero sequence voltage. This is used in the directional function. The directional protection works independently from the overcurrent protection. Its role is to lock tripping when the fault is not in the indicated direction. The maximum sensitivity angle of operation is selectable between -90º and 90º. 7º U0 α I0 Relay non-operation zone (direction: front) It is possible to choose the direction in which the protection is intended to operate. It is also possible to choose the operation of the directional protection in case of polarising voltage absence. The locking by the directional function can be independently attributed to each one of the earth fault overcurrent stages. 3/23 Option between bus voltage and zero sequence voltage th The base TPU L420 has a 4 voltage input beyond the three phase voltages. In the TPU L420-D version, this input can be used to connect a zero sequence voltage image, obtained from a second set of VTs. The directional earth protection can be configured to work with this voltage or with the internal sum of the phase voltages. th In the TPU L420-R version, the 4 voltage input can be used to measure the zero sequence voltage or the bus voltage. The last option must be selected if one wishes to activate the synchronism check function. In this case the directional earth protection must use the sum of the three phase voltages. Directional Phase Fault Overcurrent Protection Teleprotection Schemes Distance Protection for upstream impedances and of the proper line. The typical setting of the first and second stages of the distance protection in terms of reach of the characteristics and the respective operational times leads to a non instantaneous clearance time for faults occurring in the remote end of the line. The weak end infeed’s logic allows, besides that, the emission of a tripping signal in the proper terminal that is not able to detect the default. This tripping is conditioned, for the distance protection, by a fact, in at least one of the phases, of voltage break under the parameterized threshold, and for the earth directional function, by the existence of an earth voltage superior to a threshold also configurable by the user. When associated to teleprotection schemes, the distance protection provides instantaneous clearance time for faults occurring anywhere in the protected line. The TPU L420 has several types of schemes associated to the distance protection – DUTT, PUTT, POTT, POTT+DCUB and DCB, which are adapted to several network characteristics. These schemes are prepared for feeders with 2 or 3 terminals and have elements to lock due to operation direction change. Remote Tripping The remote tripping function allows the TPU L420 to trip upon reception of an external order. It is possible to associate a time delay between the signal reception and the send of the trip. Phase Balance The TPU L420 also features a directional phase fault overcurrent protection, which runs independently from the directional earth fault overcurrent protection. 5º UR IR α UST UT US All schemes are implemented in the base logic of the TPU L420. It is only necessary to select the desired scheme and to associate the starts and/or trips of the related stages to the corresponding logical gates of the distance teleprotection. The versatility of the TPU L420’s programmable logic also allows building additional logical schemes, thus enabling to adapt the teleprotection schemes to any particularity of the network. Teleprotection Schemes for Directional Earth Fault Protection Relay non-operation zone (direction: front) To determine the current direction in each phase it is used the composed voltage of the other two phases, which maximises the protection’s sensitivity. The direction of the fault current is obtained even when the voltage collapses (very close fault). To perform this function, the TPU L420 stores the pre-fault voltage for 2.5 seconds. After that time it is possible to select the directional function behaviour. The maximum power angles are selectable in a range between 30º and 60º. It is also possible to choose, as for directional earth protection, the direction in which the protection is intended to operate. The locking by the directional function can be independently attributed to each one of the phase fault overcurrent stages. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 Similarly to the distance protection, the TPU L420 provides in its factory logic several types of teleprotection schemes for association with the directional earth fault protection – POTT, POTT+DCUB, DCB. This module has all the characteristics and easy configuration features presented for the schemes associated with the distance protection. Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic Complementary to some teleprotection schemes, namely the POTT scheme, the TPU L420 provides the additional logic for execution of the echo and tripping emission functions in case of weak end infeed. The module’s logic associated with the distance protection is independent of the logic associated with the earth directional. The echo logic allows the emission of a tripping unlock signal in the other side of the line, in cases where the TPU L420 is not able to detect the fault. This may happen, for example, due the unfavourable conditions of the reason between the The phase balance protection aims at the detection of high values of the negative sequence current component of the threephase system. The main application of this function is as unbalance protection that can be used in several situations. The detection of broken conductors with or without earth contact, as well as the detection of phase absence are the goals of this protection due to the resulting negative sequence significant component. The phase balance protection can also be used to eliminate two-phase faults, having in these cases a high sensitivity resulting from the difference of the negative sequence component in normal load and unbalance situations. The TPU L420 has two independent stages of phase balance protection. The first one is of definite time with fast operation but less sensitive. The second stage is targeted at a more sensitive time protection. The timer can be of definite or inverse time, supporting the same standards as the other overcurrent protections. Fault Locator Complementing the protection functions, the fault locator gives very accurate information on the distance to the eliminated short circuits. The start signals of the functions of distance protection and of earth fault directional overcurrent protection are only used to define the fault loop or loops and the fault locator function operates independently of those functions. 4/23 The algorithm used compensates the load current in lines fed by two or more terminals. The fault loop and the distance – in Ω, km (or miles) and percentage of the line protected – are presented for the last ten detected faults. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 5/23 CONTROL AND AUTOMATION Automatic Reclosing The TPU L420 executes the automatic reclosing automatism, allowing the execution of up to five reclosing cycles, completely configurable. The main purpose of this function is the service restoration of a line after the elimination of temporary or intermittent faults, common in aerial networks. Reclosing sequence starts with the disconnection of the faulty line, followed by the reclosing command, after the dead time defined for the current cycle. After the closing command, the automatism waits a configurable time to confirm fault absence. If the fault is still present after the reclosing attempts, a definitive trip signal is generated. The logic conditions for automatic reclosing operation are configurable through the programmable logic of the TPU L420. By default, they correspond to the first stage trip of the distance protection and the teleprotection schemes there is a transformer between the line and the bus, through the magnitude and phase adjustment of the bus voltage measurement. The synchronisation types are characterised according to the line and bus state – LLLB (live line/live bus), LLDB (live line/dead bus), DLLB (dead line/live bus), DLDB (dead line/dead bus). In the TPU L420, the evaluation criteria of voltage presence in the line/bus do not depend only on the comparison of voltage measurement with threshold setting values Ulive/Udead. They are complemented with the VTs fault signal and the frequency measurement. In LLLB synchronisation, where the mechanical efforts on the circuit breaker and the resulting transient after close should be minimised, the TPU L420 evaluates the differences of voltage, frequency and phase, allowing the circuit breaker close only when all values are below the setting thresholds. Synchronism and Voltage Check This module compares two distinct voltages, one from the line’s side and the other from the bus’ side, to bind the command of circuit breaker close according to the type of synchronisation and the type of command – manual or automatic. The manual and automatic commands are individually treated. After the request of circuit breaker close, a time delay is initiated to wait for close permission. The permission is conditioned by the evaluation of the measurements involved according to the parameterised method, or without any kind of verification if the release option is activated. The base logic of the TPU L420 binds the local, remote and external orders of circuit breaker close to manual commands and the close orders originated by reclosing are binded to the automatic commands. Supervision of VTs Voltage measurements in feeder and in bus The line voltage measurement can be a phase to earth voltage or a phase to phase voltage and the voltage measurement from th the bus’ side must be acquired in the 4 voltage input. The function is ready to be used even when the line and bus VTs have different transformation ratios or when TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 The VTs supervision function available in the TPU L420 detects malfunction in the voltage transformers’ circuits and generates orders to lock the functions depending of voltage measurement, particularly the distance protection in the case of TPU L420, thus preventing inrush tripping. To detect asymmetrical faults, the function continuously evaluates the negative and/or zero sequence components of voltages and currents – if one of the voltage components surpasses the threshold values, if the corresponding current component is inferior to the defined threshold and if there is current in at least one of the phases, the lock signalisation is generated. After a given time delay the lock can become definitive and remain so independently of the magnitudes of the negative and zero sequence current components. It will be unlocked only when the voltages are restored. To detect symmetrical faults, the function differentiates the VT malfunction in two distinct situations: when the line is connected and after line connection. In the first case, the malfunction is signalised when the voltages of the three phases are below the parameterised threshold and if, simultaneously there is not a significant variation of the current value in any of the phases. In the moment when the line is connected, the lock conditions occur when the three voltages have a value inferior to the threshold, if there is current in at least one phase with magnitude above the threshold, and absence of protection functions start; the lock signalisation is generated after a defined time delay after the line connection. Circuit Breaker Failure Protection The main purpose of this function is to verify the correct operation of a circuit breaker in case of fault. Its operation is based on the information produced by the overcurrent protection functions. Thus, immediately after the execution of a circuit breaker trip command by any protection function, the breaker failure function starts. If the protection function does not reset after a configurable time (for example, due to circuit breaker damage), a command is generated to other equipment (for example the upstream circuit breaker). This information may be transmitted by dedicated cabling or through the local communication network. This function has two distinct methods to distinguish and detect asymmetrical and symmetrical faults. 6/23 Trip Circuit Supervision The TPU L420 can permanently monitor the trip circuit of the circuit breaker through binary inputs configured for that purpose. If there is some discontinuity when the circuit breaker is closed, the trip circuit supervision input resets and an alarm is generated after a configurable time. Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision The TPU L420 allows two distinct mechanisms to execute commands. Through the local interface, it is possible to select any device and to command it. Remotely, it is also possible to execute the same operation. However, such actions are conditioned to the interlockings related with the communication. Each command received, either locally or remotely, is monitored and the success of the operation is signalled. The monitoring is based on the state variation observation of the binary inputs associated to each device. The operation supervision is available for circuit breakers and for disconnectors. Programmable Logic Supervision scheme of the circuit breaker trip Protection Trip Transfer The TPU L420 executes the protection transfer function. Its operation consists in the monitoring of the bypass disconnector state, when existent, in order to operate the bus-coupler circuit breaker. When the panel is transferred, some automatisms, such as the automatic reclosing are locked, and tripping commands of the protection functions are executed on the bus-coupler circuit breaker. Dead Line Detection The dead line detection is performed in the TPU L420 by an auxiliary function. The state of the line can be determined according to two distinct criteria. The first is based on current and voltage absence simultaneously in the three phases and it is valid for lines where the voltage transformers are connected in the line itself. In case the voltage transformers are directly connected to the bus, an alternative criterion of current absence and circuit breaker opening can be used as long as the circuit breaker state is monitored. The line is considered to be disconnected, in any of the cases, after a configurable confirmation time. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 One of the main features of the TPU L420 is a completely programmable logical scheme which allows the implementation of timers, programmable delays or other logical combinations beyond the traditional logical functions (OR and AND). The TPU L420 has internally a set of modules formed by a variable number of logical gates. The user may change all internal connections within the module and/or interconnect the several modules. The user may also change the descriptions associated to each logical gate, the gate type, the timers, the initial gate state, etc. This flexibility may be used to configure additional interlocking to the control functions or any other complex logical conditions. Distributed Automation The complete integration of the TPU L420 in Supervision Command and Control Systems allows the definition of control functions that take advantage of their connection to the local area network (LAN). This means that, besides the vertical communication with the control centre, fast communication mechanisms among the several units are available. This feature gives the possibility to implement advanced automatisms, interlockings or other logical functions based on the interaction through the local communication network. This function is available in versions integrating the following communication protocols: Lontalk Protocol; IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol; IEC 61850 Protocol. Operation Modes The TPU L420 allows the specification of several operation modes, which affect the operation of the control and protection functions. In the front panel there are two operation modes, configurable by the user. They are usually associated with the bay operation mode, specifically with the control and supervision functions performed by the relay. Current status of each mode is signalised by LEDs and may be directly changed through the associated functional keys. Besides theses modes, the TPU L420 also includes a menu to access other operation modes that may be required. The Local/Remote operation mode defines the relay behaviour concerning the received information from the Supervision Command and Control System. When in Local Mode all remote operations are inhibited. The Manual/Automatic mode concerns the control functions executed by the TPU L420. When in Manual Mode all control functions are locked. This mode is fundamental to perform maintenance tasks, with the system in service. The Normal/Emergency mode refers to the system’s special operation. When in Emergency mode all logical interlockings of circuit breaker commands are inhibited. The Special Operation mode is characterised, by default, by the instantaneous operation of the phase and the earth overcurrent protections. However, other logical conditions can be configured. 7/23 MONITORING Measurements The TPU L420 accurately measures, in almost stationary state, the following values: RMS value of the three phase currents th and the zero sequence current (4 current input and virtual sum of the three phase currents); RMS value of the inverse current; RMS value of phase to earth and phase to phase voltages and zero sequence voltage, obtained by virtual sum of the th three phase voltages and the 4 voltage input; Line frequency and bus frequency; Differences of magnitude, phase and frequency between the line voltage and the bus voltage; Active and reactive power and power factor; Active and reactive energy counting (values stored in flash memory) supplied and received; Resistance and reactance per loop. Based on the measurements made, the TPU L420 calculates and registers, with date of occurrence, the following information: The configuration of high and low levels, as well as the associated alarms provides the implementation of comparison mechanisms which are useful for the operation of the energy system. Load Diagram The TPU L420 permanently calculates and registers the daily load diagram. This information is based on the calculation of the 15 minute average of each of the power measurements. All daily diagrams can be stored for a full month. Each diagram may be accessed locally or through the software interface – WinProt. Data gathering is done through a serial port or through the LAN. Oscillography The TPU L420 registers and stores in flash memory a large number of oscillographies of currents and voltages (about 60 seconds). The length of each oscillography, the prefault and post-fault times are variable and configurable by the user. By default, the recording starts 0.1 second before the protection start and ends 0,1 second after the reset of all virtual relays of the several functions. The maximum length is 1 second. The sampling frequency of the analogue values is 1000 Hz. Current peak (1 second average); Active power peak (15 minute average); Sum of the square current cut by the circuit breaker in each pole; Number of circuit breaker manoeuvres. The high precision obtained in the measurements generally avoids the use of additional transducers. All calculated measurements are available in the local interface or remotely through the connection to the local area network and to the Supervision Command and Control System. Analogue Comparators Additionally to all protection and measure functions, TPU L420 has a set of configurable comparators for analogue values, acquired and calculated in the protection. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 The close of the circuit breaker also triggers the recording of an oscillography, and it is possible to define other logical conditions to start this event. In particular, there are binary inputs which may be used for this purpose. Unlike the load diagrams, oscillographies can not be visualised through the relay’s local interface. They must be visualised in a PC, using WinProt. Event Recorder The TPU L420 monitors the relay’s inputs and outputs, as well as all defined internal logical variables. Any state change or event is registered, with precise time tagging (1ms resolution). Each event may be configured to be presented, or not, in the event recorder, according to the desired level of detail, as well as the associated description and the records visualisation order. The TPU L420 stores several records in flash memory. The storage of a new record is done periodically or whenever there is a maximum number of 256 new events. Like the other records, the event record data can be accessed in the protection’s interface or visualised in a PC, using WinProt, with information gathered locally or remotely. Event time-tagging The event time-tagging done by the TPU L420 is always made in the local time zone of the country where it is installed. For this, it is necessary to set the deviation of the timezone relative to the reference given by the GMT time, as well as the day and hour of start and end of the daylight saving period, according to the legal regulations. The TPU L420 receives periodically a time synchronisation signal through the local area network. In the absence of this signal, an internal real time clock allows the updating of the protection date and time when the protection is disconnected. Optionally, the TPU L420 can be synchronised through an IRIG-B signal, having a specific interface for that purpose, or trough a SNTP server, according to the RFC 2030 standard (in versions with Ethernet communications board). System Information The TPU L420 has available in real time a large set of system information. This information reflects the protection’s internal status, at both hardware and software level. In terms of hardware it is possible to access the status of several electronic components, which are permanently monitored. The information associated to the software contains all the data regarding the relay identification, namely relay type, relay version, serial number, relay name, network address, etc. All this information can be accessed locally or visualised in a PC, through WinProt. It may also be reported in real time to the Supervision Command and Control System through the communication network. 8/23 INTERFACES Binary Inputs and Outputs The TPU L420’s main board has 9 binary inputs isolated among themselves and completely configurable. There is the option to use two expansion boards which can be of three types: Board Type Inputs Outputs 9 5+1 Type 1 Expansion 9 6 Type 2 Expansion 16 - Type 3 Expansion - 15 Main Board For the remaining protocols, the COM2 serial port may be used for communication with the WinProt. The COM1 port is reserved for teleprotection interface. For each back panel serial port are available four different types of interface, at the user’s choice, namely: Isolated RS 232 Interface Isolated RS 485 Interface Glass optical fibre Interface Plastic optical fibre Interface Functional Keys Through functional keys it is possible to change the operation mode of the protection, to select a specific device and command it, or to acknowledge an alarm. Alarms Next to the graphic display the TPU L420 has 8 configurable alarms. For each alarm it is possible to define an associated logical variable, choose the alarm type and the text presented in the display. Interface for Teleprotection On each binary input, digital filtering is applied to eliminate the bouncing effects of the power equipment. The logical variable and the configuration time are configured for each input, without loosing the right time-tagging of the start of each state transition. The base version of the TPU L420 has 6 binary outputs, 5 of which are configurable. The sixth one is a changeover output which is activated by the internal watchdog in case of relay failure. The configuration is similar to the binary input configuration previously described. In the type 1 expansion board there are two changeover outputs and in the type 3 expansion board there are six changeover outputs. These outputs aim to provide a solution for logical interlockings that require normally closed contacts, avoiding the use of auxiliary relays. Serial Communication The TPU L420 has available 3 serial ports for communication, two in the back panel and one in the front panel. The front panel serial port is only used to communicate with the WinProt application. In the TPU L420 version with the DNP 3.0 serial protocol, both rear ports may be used for communication with the WinProt, and COM1 rear port may serve as support The TPU L420 provides two different interfaces for Teleprotection: by digital inputs / outputs allocation and by serial communication by the COM1 port. The serial communication, independently of the physical media (optic or copper), is asynchronous to the speed of 19200 baud, this interface being able to be converted externally for standardized electric media interfaces of the X.21 or G.703 type. For optic interface, it is also possible to use a converter for single-mode fibre, allowing a communication in dedicated optic fibre between terminal units. Graphic Display The TPU L420 has a graphic display where a variety of information can be presented, namely: mimic, parameterization menus and records menus. The mimic presents logical information with the equipment state, alarms description, analogue measurements and static information. Security Any user can access all information in the local interface. However, for security reasons, without the correct password the settings can not be accessed. SCADA Integration The integration of the TPU L420 in SCADA systems can be done through serial communication protocols or through dedicated communication boards, namely: Serial Interface supporting the DNP 3.0 protocol, with communication speeds up to 19200 baud. Lonworks Board, using the LONTALK communication protocol, with a communication speed of 1.25 Mbps. Redundant 100 Mbps Ethernet Board, supporting the IEC 60870-5-104 and IEC 61850 protocols. This board also provides the TCP/IP communication protocol for direct connection with WinProt. for the DNP 3.0 serial protocol, dispensing, in this case, with an extra communication board. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 9/23 REMOTE INTERFACE – WINPROT 4 WinProt is a high-level software application designed to interface with EFACEC’s Protection and Control Units. It may communicate with different relays and with different versions of the same relay. Its architecture is based on the division of functionalities on specialised modules, whose access depends on the type of relay and the type of user. The structured storage of all the information in a protected database is another fundamental feature of WinProt. Through the different modules it is possible to execute several operations described below. Remote Access WinProt allows local access by serial port through a modem and remote access through the local communication network (LAN) or even through an Ethernet network directly connected to the units. It is possible to configure the settings associated to each type of communication and each specific unit. The use of a LAN has an advantage regarding the serial communication by allowing the access to any of the protections in the network without having to change physical configurations. Thus, any operation of maintenance, configuration or simply the system monitoring can be remotely done from the Supervision Command and Control System. It also can be done through intranet, if available. Logic Configuration Module WinLogic is a friendly tool to configure the relay’s programmable logic. This tool allows the implementation of any type of logical interlocking, including variable timers. Besides the configuration of the connections between logical variables, the user can also define the text associated to each logical variable, validate the changes made in the logical network, monitor in real time the full network status and make the logical simulation before downloading the configuration to the protection. Logical configuration complies with the IEC 611313 standard. Parameterisation Module The parameterisation of each protection is done through a specific module – WinSettings – where is possible to configure function by function, to copy data from one relay to another, to compare settings from the database to those existing in the relay or simply to compare settings among different relays. The user has a set of tools that help him performing the parameterisation task, such as graphics with time-current characteristics, default settings, print configurations, comparisons list, etc. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 10/23 Records Analysis Module WinProt has a specific module for visualisation, analysis and gathering of the records produced by the protection: WinReports. The analysis of each record is simplified by the use of specifically designed graphical tools. For example, in the oscillography the user can zoom, see instantaneous values, see the phasors representation, displace the axis, etc. The load diagram and the event recorder can also be analysed. Mimic Configuration Module WinProt has a module for the mimic graphical parameterisation: WinMimic. This tool can only be used with units with a graphic display. It allows defining the symbolic part, the textual part and even the measurements and states to be presented in the protection mimic. Together with this module it is available a library of graphical elements with which the user can build the unit’s mimic. Unit Test Module The objective of the unit test module, WinTest, is to execute automatic tests in the unit, without the need for external injection equipment such as test sets. This module allows the simulation of analogue values injection, the generation of binary inputs state changes and the monitoring of outputs operation. It is also possible to monitor in real time every measurement and event produced by the relay. Firmware Configuration Module WinCode was designed as a WinProt module dedicated to the relay firmware download. This operation can be performed at any time but only by specialised technicians. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 11/23 INTERFACE WEB – WEBPROT All 420 family units offer an embedded web server, targeted to provide, visualize and change all the information stored in the unit. This server was conceived according to the most recent technologies, providing all data in XML format and providing JAVA tools (it implies the installation of a JAVA Virtual Machine). WebProt access is performed through an Ethernet local area network, by means of a standard HTML browser. General Information The main page presents all units’ general data, namely, the order code, the application, the version and the serial number. From this page, it is possible to reach pages with more specialized data (parameters, registers, measures, etc.). There is also available an access counter, a map of the accessible pages in the server and a page with useful links (technical support, EFACEC Web site, e-mail, etc.). Parameters Through the WebProt, the user can visualize and change several functional parameters defined in the unit. Besides, this is subject to a previous password insertion, for changing purposes. It is also possible to print and export the complete data. Records WebProt allows the collection and analysis of the different records existing in the unit (oscillographies, event recording, load diagrams, etc.). Concerning more complex records, such as oscillographies, analysis tools are downloaded directly from the server, avoiding the need for high level specific applications. Schematic Diagrams Remote monitoring of the unit’s schematic diagram and alarm data is another feature, available in order to allow an easy and efficient access to the equipment state, as performed locally. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 12/23 CONNECTION DIAGRAM T2 C B L420 GND 10 GND 9 A UA 4 3 UB 2 1 UC 5 O1 Expansion Card Type I 9 Inputs 6 Outputs T1 C B 8 7 IN 6 5 IA 4 3 IB 2 1 IC C B 8 9 O3 Binary Out puts 10 11 O4 IN4 9 10 IN5 11 12 IN6 13 14 IN7 IN8 17 18 IN9 1 2 Binary Inputs Expansion Card Type II 16 Inputs IN8 15 16 IN9 3 4 I O3 I O5 Binary Inputs ... 15 16 IN1 ... 7 8 16 17 ... IN3 O6 ... IN2 5 6 13 14 18 ... IN1 3 4 O5 ... 1 2 I O4 I O6 12 15 Currents B IO1 6 7 O2 A A I O3 I O5 17 18 IN9 Voltages ... 6 5 1 2 IN1 Binary Inputs ... UD ... 8 7 I O4 I O6 17 18 IN16 Main Card 1 5 O4 13 14 18 O5 16 17 WD Binary Out puts Binary Outputs Expansion Card Type III 15 Outputs Auxiliary Power Supply 1, 2 3 1 2 6 O11 4 5 9 O12 7 8 12 O13 10 11 15 O14 13 14 18 O15 16 17 3 IRIG-B 2 1 I O3 I O5 18 O10 4 IO2 ... O9 12 15 2 17 O3 10 11 ... ... O2 8 9 IO2 O1 O1 6 7 IO4 IO6 Time Synchronisat ion Module IRIG-B Galvanic Isolation Piggy-back COM1 Piggy-back COM2 Communication Card Lonworks Ethernet Galvanic I solation Galvanic Isolation 1 2 3,4,5,6 P1 TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 FO1 COM4 TP1 TP2 FO1 FO2 RS232 Gate For WINPROT Galvanic Isolation Galvanic Isolation COM1 COM2 Galvanic I solation COM3 Frontal G ate 13/23 CONNECTION DIAGRAM – BACK PANEL DIMENSIONS TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 14/23 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Burden 50 Hz / 60 Hz optional 1A/5A 5 A / 15 A Continuous 100 A / 500 A for 1 s 5 A / 1 A / 0,2 A / 0,04 A 15 A / 5 A / 1,5 A / 0,5 A Continuous 500 A / 100 A / 20 A / 4 A for 1 s < 0,25 VA @ In Analogue Voltage Inputs Frequency Rated Voltage (Phase-to-Phase) Overvoltage Burden 50 Hz / 60 Hz optional 100 / 110 / 115 / 120 V 1,5 Un Continuous; 2,5 Un for 10 s < 0,25 VA @ Un Power Supply Voltage Range 24 Vdc (19 - 72 Vdc) 48 Vdc (19 - 72 Vdc) 110 / 125 Vac/dc (88 - 300 Vdc/80 - 265 Vac) 220 / 240 Vac/dc (88 - 300 Vdc/80 - 265 Vac) 12 to 30 W / 20 to 60 VA < 12% Analogue Current Inputs Frequency Rated Current Thermal Withstand 4th Input Rated Current Thermal Withstand Power Consumption Ripple at DC Auxiliary Power Supply Binary Inputs Rated Voltage / Working Range 24 V 48 V 110/125 V 220/250 V 24 V 48 V 110/125 V 220/250 V 1 .. 128 ms 1 .. 255 1 .. 60 s Power Consumption Debounce Time Chatter Filter Validation Time of double inputs Binary Outputs Rated Voltage Rated Current Making Capacity Breaking Capacity 250 V ac / dc 5A 1 s @ 10 A; 0,2 s @ 30 A dc : 1/0,4/0,2 A @ 48/110/220 V; L/R < 40 ms ac : 1250 VA (250 V / 5 A); cosϕ > 0,4 1 kV rms 1 min Pulsed / Latched 0,02 .. 5 s Voltage between open contacts Operating Mode Pulse Duration Communication Interfaces Lonworks Fibre Type Ethernet Wavelength Connector Max. Distance Fibre Type Glass optical fibre Piggy-back Wavelength Connector Max. Distance Fibre Type Plastic optical fibre Piggy-back Wavelength Connector Max. Distance Fibre Type Wavelength Max. Distance TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 (19 ... 138) V dc (30 ... 120) V dc (80 ... 220) V dc (150…300) V dc < 0,05 W (1,5 mA @ 24 V dc) < 0,1 W (1,5 mA @ 48 V dc) < 0,2 W (1,5 mA @ 125 V dc) < 0,4 W (1,5 mA @ 250 V dc) Multimode glass optical fibre 50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm 880 nm or 1320 nm ST 30 km Multimode glass optical fibre 50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm 1300 nm ST (SC optional) 2 km Multimode glass optical fibre 50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm 820 nm ST 1,7 km Plastic optical fibre (POF) 1 mm 650 nm 45 m 15/23 Insulation Tests EMC – Immunity Tests High Voltage Test IEC 60255-5 Impulse Voltage Test Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 IEC 60255-5 1 MHz Burst Disturbance Test IEC 60255-22-1 Class III EN 61000-4-12 EN 61000-4-2 EN 60255-22-2 Class IV EN 61000-4-3 Electrostatic Discharge Electromagnetic field Fast Transient Disturbance 2,5 kV ac 1 min 50 Hz 3 kV dc 1 min (power supply) 5 kV 1,2/50 µs, 0,5 J > 100 MΩ @ 500 V dc 2,5 kV common mode 1 kV differential mode 8 kV contact; 15 kV air 80 MHz–1000 MHz; 10 V/m; 80% AM 900 ± 5 MHz; 10V/m; 50%; 200Hz 4 kV 5/50 ns Surge Immunity Test EN 61000-4-4 IEC 60255-22-4 Class IV EN 61000-4-5 Conducted RF Disturbance Test EN 61000-4-6 Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Test Voltage Variations Immunity Tests Interruptions in Auxiliary Supply EN 61000-4-8 EN 61000-4-11 IEC 60255-11 EN 61000-4-11 IEC 60255-11 10 ms @ 70%; 100 ms @ 40% 1 s @ 40%; 5 s @ 0% 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ms EMC – Emission Tests Radiated Emission Conducted Emission EN 55011; EN 55022 EN 55011; EN55022 30 – 1000 MHz class A 0,15 – 30 MHz class A CE Marking EMC – Immunity EMC - Emission Low Voltage Directive 4/2 kV (power supply) 2/1 kV (I/O) 10 V rms, 150 kHz–80 MHz @ 1 kHz 80% am 30 A/m cont; 300 A/m 3 s EN 61000-6-2 : 2001 EN 50263 : 1999 EN 61000-6-4 : 2001 EN 50263 : 1999 EN 60950-1 : 2001 IEC 60255-5 : 2000 Mechanical Tests Vibration Tests (sinusoidal) Shock and Bump Tests Seismic Tests IEC 60255-21-1 Class II IEC 60255-21-2 Class II IEC 60255-21-3 Class II Environmental Tests Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Cold Test, IEC 60068-2-1 Dry Heat Test, IEC 60068-2-2 Salt Mist Test, IEC 60068-2-11 Damp Heat Test, IEC 60068-2-78 Storage Temperature Test, IEC 60068-2-48 Degree of Protection according to EN 60529, frontal side, flush mounted Degree of Protection according to EN 60529, rear side - 10ºC to + 60ºC - 25ºC to + 70ºC - 10ºC, 72h + 60ºC, 72h 96h + 40ºC, 93% RH, 96h - 25ºC + 70ºC IP54 Relative humidity Temperature 10 to 90% - 10 ºC to 60 ºC, 40ºC damp Environmental Conditions Weight Line settings TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 IP20 8 Kg Impedance Values Length Unit Line Length Line Reactance Line Angle Ko Magnitude (forward, reverse and zone 1) Ko Angle (forward, reverse and zone 1) Primary / Secondary Kilometer / Mile 1,0 .. 1000,0 (km) / 0,65..650,0 (mile) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 30,0 .. 90,0 º 0,0 .. 4,0 (independent settings) -180,0 .. 180,0 (independent settings) 16/23 Distance Protection Number of Protection Zones Tripping Characteristic Start Mode Reactance Reach (phase-phase loops) Resistance Reach (phase-phase loops) Reactance Reach (phase-earth loops) Resistance Reach (phase-earth loops) Reactance Overreach Zone 1 (phase-phase loops) Reactance Overreach Zone 1 (phase-earth loops) Phase-phase Loops Time Delay Phase-earth Loops Time Delay Tripping Characteristic Angle – Forward Tripping Characteristic Angle – Reverse Directional Characteristic Angles Min. Resistance – Load Characteristic Angle – Load Characteristic Min. Operational Current Min. Residual Current - phase-earth loop selection Min. Residual Voltage - phase-earth loop selection Operational Current – Overcurrent Start Time Delay – Overcurrent Start Min. Operating Time Timer Accuracy Impedance Accuracy Reset Ratio – Impedance Reset Ratio – Overcurrent Reset Ratio – Earth Overcurrent Reset Ratio – Earth Overvoltage 5 independent Quadrilateral Under-impedance / Overcurrent 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each zone) 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each zone) 30,0 .. 90,0 º 30,0 .. 90,0 º 0,0 .. 60,0º 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A) 10.0 .. 60.0 º 0,20 .. 4,0 pu 0,10 .. 4,00 pu 0,005 .. 0,80 pu 0,20 .. 10,00 pu 0,00 .. 60,00 s < 35 ms (with SIR =1 and Xdef < 0,75 Xop) 3%±10ms 5% of Zn 1,05 0,96 0,96 0,96 Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping Power Swing Blocking Reset time Out of step tripping Independent of the Distance Protection’s step 0,1 .. 10 s Active/Inactive Switch-On-To-Fault Protection Activation Time Operacional current Current Accuracy Min. Operating Time Reset Ratio 0,04 .. 60,0 s 0,20 .. 40,0 pu 3% (minimum 3% In) < 30 ms 0.96 High Set Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Phase Faults Operational Current Time Delay Min. Operating Time Timer Accuracy Current Accuracy Reset Ratio Max. Reset time 0,2 .. 40 pu 0 .. 60 s 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop) ± 10 ms 5% (minimum 3% In) 0,95 30 ms Definite/Inverse Time Low Set Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Phase Faults Curves Current Accuracy Start Value of Inverse Time Protection Reset Ratio Max. Static Reset Time NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard 0,2 .. 20 pu 0,04 .. 300 s 0,05 .. 1,5 ± 10 ms (definite time) 3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time) 3% (minimum 3% In) 1,2 Iop 0,96 30 ms Operational Current Time Delay Timer Accuracy Current Accuracy Reset Ratio Max. Reset Time 0,2 .. 40 pu 0,04 .. 300 s ± 10 ms 3% (minimum 3% In) 0,96 30 ms Definite Time Universal Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Phase Faults TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 Operational Current Temporisation TM regulation Timer Accuracy 17/23 High Set Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Earth Faults Operational Current Time Delay Min. Operating Time Timer Accuracy Current Accuracy Reset Ratio Max. Reset Time 0,1 .. 40 pu 0 .. 60 s 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop) ± 10 ms 5% (minimum 3% In) 0,95 30 ms Definite/Inverse Time Low Set Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Earth Faults Curves Current Accuracy Start Value of Inverse Time Protection Reset Ratio Max. Static Reset Time NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard 0,1 .. 20 pu 0,04 .. 300 s 0,5 .. 15 ± 10 ms (definite time) 3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time) 3% (minimum 3% In) 1,2 Iop 0,96 30 ms Definite Time Universal Overcurrent Protection for Phase to Earth Faults Operational Current Time Delay Timer Accuracy Current Accuracy Reset Ratio Max. Reset Time 0,1 .. 40 pu 0,04 .. 300 s ± 10 ms 3% (minimum 3% In) 0,96 30 ms Directional Phase Fault Protection Available Phase Relations Memory duration after voltage drop 30º .. 60º (forward/reverse) 2,5 s Directional Earth Fault Protection Available Phase Relations Min. Zero sequence Voltage -90º .. 90º (forward/reverse) 0,005.. 0,8 pu Remote Tripping Time Delay Timer Accuracy 0,0 .. 10,0 s ± 10 ms Distance Protection Teleprotection Schemes Schemes Line Configuration Send Time Lock Time – DCB Security Time – DCUB Lock Time – DCUB Failure Time – DCUB Confirmation Time – Transient Lock Lock Time – Transient Lock Timer Accuracy DUTT / PUTT / POTT / POTT + DCUB / DCB 2 terminals / 3 terminals 0,0 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,05 .. 0,0s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s ± 10 ms Directional Earth Fault Protection Teleprotection Schemes Schemes Line Configuration Send Time Lock Time – DCB Security Time – DCUB Lock Time – DCUB Failure Time – DCUB Confirmation Time – Transient Lock Lock Time – Transient Lock Timer Accuracy POTT / POTT + DCUB / DCB 2 terminals / 3 terminals 0,0 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,05 .. 60,0s 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,02 .. 10,0 s ± 10 ms Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic Operating mode Confirmation time Echo emission time Operational voltage (distance) Operational voltage (earth directional) Voltage precision Time precision Echo / Echo + Tripping 0,02 .. 10,0 s 0,0 .. 10,0 s 0,20 .. 1 pu (VREF = VPFASE-EARTH) 0,05 .. 0,8 pu (VREF = VRESIDUAL) 2% ± 10 ms TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 Operational Current Time Delay TM regulation Timer Accuracy 18/23 High Set Phase Balance Protection Operational Current Time Delay Min. Operating Time Timer Accuracy Current Accuracy Reset Ratio Max. Reset Time 0,1 .. 10 pu 0 .. 60 s 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop) ± 10 ms 5% (minimum 3% In) 0,95 30 ms Definite/Inverse Time Low Set Phase Balance Protection Curves Current Accuracy Start Value of Inverse Time Protection Reset Ratio Max. Static Reset Time NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard 0,1 .. 5 pu 0,04 .. 300 s 0,5 .. 15 ± 10 ms (definite time) 3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time) 3% (minimum 3% In) 1,2 Iop 0,96 30 ms Automatic Reclosing Maximum Number of Cycles Dead Time Reclaim Time Circuit Breaker Manoeuvre Time 5 0,1 .. 60 s 1 .. 60 s 0,05 .. 60 s Voltage Transformer Supervision Asymmetrical Failure Detection Mode Operational Residual Voltage Operational Residual Current Operational Negative Voltage Operational Negative Current Operational Three-phase Voltage Operational Delta Current Lock Time after Line Energisation Min. Current Current Accuracy Voltage Accuracy Timer Accuracy Zero or negative sequence 0,05 .. 0,50 pu 0,10 .. 1,00 pu 0,05 .. 0,80 pu 0,10 .. 1,00 pu 0,005 .. 1,00 pu 0,10 .. 1,00 pu 0,05 .. 60 ,0 s 0,10 .. 1,00 pu 3% (of In) 2% (of Un) ± 10 ms Synchronism and Voltage Check Operation Mode Closing Mode Bus Voltage Selection Bus/Line Voltage Ratio Manual / Automatic (independent) OFF / LLLB / DLLB / LLDB / DLDB / Release (independent for each operation mode) A / B / C / AB / BC / CA 0,10 .. 10,0 pu Bus Voltage Angle -180,0 .. 180,0 º Dead Line Voltage Live Line Voltage Max. Voltage 0,05 .. 0,80 pu 0,20 .. 1,20 pu 0,50 .. 1,50 pu Min. Frequency Voltage Difference 47,0 .. 50,0 Hz (rated frequency = 50Hz) 57,0 .. 60,0 Hz (rated frequency = 60Hz) 50,0 .. 53,0 Hz (rated frequency = 50Hz) 60,0 .. 63,0 Hz (rated frequency = 60Hz) 0,01 .. 0,50 pu (independent for each mode) Frequency Difference 0,02 .. 4,00 Hz (independent for each mode) Phase Difference 2,00 .. 60,0 º (independent for each mode) Operational Current Time Delay TM Regulation Timer Accuracy Max. Frequency TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 Command Time 0,0 .. 600,0 s (independent for each mode) Confirmation Time 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each mode) Timer Accuracy Voltage Accuracy Frequency Accuracy Angle Accuracy ± 10 ms 0,5% 20 mHz 2º 19/23 Breaker Failure Protection Time Delay Confirmation Time of Trip Circuit Failure 0,05 .. 10 s 0,05 .. 10 s Dead Line Detection Detection Criteria Min. Operational Current Min. Operational Voltage Confirmation Time Current Accuracy Voltage Accuracy Timer Accuracy Current and Voltage/Current and CB Status 0,10 .. 1,00 pu 0,05 .. 1,00 pu 0,04 .. 1,00 s 3% 2% ± 10 ms Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision Open Confirmation Time Close Confirmation Time 0,05 .. 60 s 0,05 .. 60 s Measurement Accuracy Currents Voltages Power Frequency Impedances 0,5 % In 0,5 % Vn 1 % Sn 0,05 % fn 1 % Zn Fault Locator Accuracy 2 % (Line Length), minimum 0,1Ω (sec) Max. Number of Fault Records 10 (in non-volatile memory) Chronological Event Recorder Resolution Maximum Number of Events per Register Number of Recorded Events 1 ms 256 > 28000 Oscillography Sampling Frequency Total Time Recorded 1000 Hz@ 50Hz 60 sec Analogue Comparators Configurable Settings Timer Accuracy High Level Value Low Level Value 1s Load Diagram Measurements Total Time Recorded P, Q 1 month SNTP Synchronization SNTP servers number Server requested time Maximum variation Packages minimum number Server timeout Functioning mode 2 1 .. 1440 min 1 .. 1000 ms 1 .. 25 1 .. 3600 s Multicast/Unicast TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 20/23 VERSIONS VERSION AVAILABLE FUNCTIONS Distance Protection (21/21N) L420 – D L420 – R L420 – S ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping (78) Switch-On-To-Fault Protection (50HS) Phase Overcurrent Protection (50/51) ♦ ♦ ♦ Earth Fault Overcurrent Protection (50/51N) ♦ ♦ ♦ Directional Phase Fault Overcurrent (67) ♦ ♦ Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent (67N) ♦ ♦ ♦ Distance Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85/21) ♦ ♦ ♦ Directional Earth Fault Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85/67N) ♦ ♦ ♦ Remote Tripping ♦ ♦ Phase Balance Protection (46) ♦ ♦ ♦ Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic (27WI) ♦ Automatic Reclosing (79) ♦ ♦ Synchronism and Voltage Check (25) ♦ ♦ VT Supervision ♦ ♦ ♦ Circuit Breaker Failure (62BF) ♦ ♦ ♦ Trip Circuit Supervision (62) ♦ ♦ ♦ Protection Trip Transfer (43) ♦ ♦ ♦ Dead Line Detection ♦ ♦ ♦ Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision ♦ ♦ ♦ Programmable Logic ♦ ♦ ♦ Distributed Automation ♦ ♦ ♦ Oscillography ♦ ♦ ♦ Event Chronological Recorder ♦ ♦ ♦ Fault Locator ♦ ♦ ♦ Analogue Comparators ♦ ♦ ♦ Load Diagram ♦ ♦ ♦ The TPU L420-D is suitable for less integrated applications, with specific equipment for execution of automatic reclosing and synchronism check functions. These functions are available in other two TPU L420’ versions. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 21/23 ORDERING FORM TPU L420 – Ed1 Version TPU L420 – D TPU L420 – R TPU L420 – S - Rated current on 4th input current 0,04 A 0,2 A 1A 5A Rated voltage on input voltage (VPHASE-TO-PHASE) 100 V 110 V 115 V 120 V Rated voltage on 4th input voltage (VPHASE-TO-PHASE) 100 V 110 V 115 V 120 V Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz Power Supply Nominal Value 24 Vdc 48 Vdc 110/125 Vdc/Vac 220/240 Vdc/Vac Expansion Board I/O 1 Absent Type 1 - 9 Inputs + 6 Outputs Type 2 - 16 Inputs Type 3 - 15 Outputs Expansion Board I/O 2 Absent Type 1 - 9 Inputs + 6 Outputs Type 2 - 16 Inputs Type 3 - 15 Outputs Communication Protocols Absent Serial DNP 3.0 Lonworks with optical interface, without Auto Power Supply Lonworks with optical interface, with Auto Power Supply Lonworks with twisted-pair interface, without Auto Power Supply Lonworks with twisted-pair interface, with Auto Power Supply IEC 60870-5-104 over Ethernet 100BaseTx redundant IEC 60870-5-104 over Ethernet 100BaseFx redundant IEC 61850 over Ethernet 100BaseTx redundant IEC 61850 over Ethernet 100BaseFx redundant Serial Interface Port 2 RS 232 (by default) RS 485 Plastic Optical Fibre Glass Optical Fibre Language Portuguese English French Spanish TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 - - - - - - - - - - D R S Rated current on phase current transformers 1A 5A Serial Interface Port 1 RS 232 (by default) RS 485 Plastic Optical Fibre Glass Optical Fibre - 1A 5A 0,04A 0,2A 1A 5A 100V 110V 115V 120V 100V 110V 115V 120V 50Hz 60Hz A B C D 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 DNP LON1 LON2 LON3 LON4 ETH1 ETH2 850T 850F 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 PT UK FR ES 22/23 NOTES Main Address EFACEC Engenharia, S.A. Rua Eng. Frederico Ulrich, 4471-907 Moreira Maia, Portugal | Tel. +351 22 940 20 00 | Fax +351 22 940 33 09 | E-mail: ase.eng@efacec.com | Web: www.efacec.com Due to the continuous development, data may change without notice. Not valid as a contractual document. TPU L420 1 ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 23/23
