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Density Database Version 2.0 FAO

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FAO / INFOODS Databases
Density Database Version 2.0
Cover design: Kristy Ebanks in collaboration with Doris Rittenschober, Barbara Stadlmayr, U.
Ruth Charrondiere, Diedelinde Persijn and Verena Nowak. Photos: © FAO
FAO/INFOODS Density Database Version 2.0 (2012) Prepared by: U. Ruth Charrondiere, David Haytowitz and Barbara Stadlmayr
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this
information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever
on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city
or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or
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whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have
been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar
nature that are not mentioned.
The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO.
E-ISBN 978-92-5-107346-9 (PDF)
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© FAO 2012
Table of contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Definitions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Mass density or density ............................................................................................................................... 5
Bulk density .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Specific gravity ............................................................................................................................................. 5
Densities and specific gravities of foods ................................................................................................................... 5
Beverages, non-alcoholic (including soft drinks and juices) ................................................................. 5
Tea, cacao, coffee and drinking powders................................................................................................. 6
Beverages, alcoholic .................................................................................................................................... 7
Milk and dairy products ............................................................................................................................10
Oils and fats ................................................................................................................................................11
Cereal and cereal products .......................................................................................................................11
Tubers and products .................................................................................................................................14
Nuts and seeds ...........................................................................................................................................15
Fruits ............................................................................................................................................................15
Vegetables ...................................................................................................................................................15
Legumes ......................................................................................................................................................16
Herbes and spices ......................................................................................................................................16
Fish and fish products...............................................................................................................................16
Egg and egg products................................................................................................................................16
Meat and meat products ...........................................................................................................................16
Snacks ..........................................................................................................................................................17
Sweets ..........................................................................................................................................................17
Miscellaneous foods ..................................................................................................................................17
Soups ...........................................................................................................................................................18
Mixed dishes ...............................................................................................................................................18
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................................21
2 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank members of the INFOODS listserv for comments received on version
1.0, especially from Anders Moeller, and Suzanne Murphy and Connie Gewa for sharing density data
collected in a Kenyan project.
3 Introduction FAO/INFOODS prepared this database to provide a tool for researchers and professionals to convert
volume into weight and vice-versa. Data were collected from the literature, various national food
composition tables and measurements conducted by the authors (see bibliography).
Version 1.0 included density data for 214 food entries in 16 food groups from six sources and version 2.0
includes 638 foods entries in 20 food groups from 11 sources. For version 2, in addition to density data it
was decided to also present data on specific gravity and to define the terms used. The data presented in
this database are divided between density (including mass density and bulk density) and specific gravity.
Like version 1.0, the data can be downloaded in Excel format from the INFOODS website.
Table 1. Food groups and number of foods
Food group
Beverages, non alcoholic (including soft drinks and juices)
Tea, coffee and drinking powders
Beverages (alcoholic)
- Beer
- Spirits and liqueurs
- Wine and cider
Milk and dairy products
- Milk
- Dairy products
Oils and fats
- Oils
- Fats and others
Cereals and cereal products
Tubers and products*
Nuts and seeds
Fruits*
Vegetables
Legumes
Herbs and spices*
Fish and fish products
Eggs and egg products
Meat and meat products*
Snacks
Sweets
Miscellaneous foods (e.g. salt table, salad dressing)
Soups
Mixed dishes
Number of foods
44
18
118
19
59
40
48
17
31
30
23
7
130
13
12
3
29
20
8
2
3
13
3
22
18
10
94
* new food group in Version 2.0
If you have any additional measured data, we would appreciate if you could send them to
ruth.charrondiere@fao.org to incorporate them into the FAO/INFOODS Density Database.
Your contribution will be acknowledged with your name.
4 Definitions x
Mass density or density: The mass density or density of a material is defined as its mass per unit
volume. The mass density of a material varies with temperature and pressure. The variance is
typically small for solids and liquids. Whenever information on temperature or pressure was
available in the literature it was added to the reference.
mass
density = --------volume
x
Bulk density: Bulk density is a property of powders, granules and other solids, particularly used in
reference to mineral components (soil, gravel), chemical substances, (pharmaceutical) ingredients,
foodstuff or any other masses of corpuscular or particulate matter. It is defined as the mass of
many particles of the material divided by the total volume they occupy. The total volume
comprises particle volume, inter-particle void volume and internal pore volume.
x
Specific gravity: Specific gravity is the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance
to the density (mass of the same unit volume) of a reference substance. In most of the cases the
reference substance is water for liquids or air for gases. Specific gravity represents a ratio and is
therefore dimensionless.
The numerical values of density and specific gravity are the same if the measurement temperature of water
is 4°C. At any other temperature the measures of density and specific gravity (with water being the
reference component) will be slightly different.
Precision of data is important, however as food intake data are estimates and not precise to the exact mL,
it was decided to truncate calculated density and specific gravity data to two decimal numbers whereas
data from the literature given in three decimal number were listed as such.
Densities and specific gravities of foods Table 2. Densities and specific gravities of foods
Food name and description
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
Beverages, non-alcoholic (including soft drinks and juices) Apple juice, canned or bottled, unsweetened, with
1.04
added ascorbic acid
Apple juice, canned or bottled, unsweetened,
1.04
without added ascorbic acid
Beverages, fruit juice drink, reduced sugar, with
1.04
vitamin E added
Carbonated beverage, tonic water
1.02
Cranberry juice cocktail, bottled
1.05
Cranberry-apple juice drink, bottled
1.06
Fruit drinks, low calories, undiluted
Fruit drinks, undiluted
Fruit juice
Fruit juice drinks
Fruit juice drinks, ready to drink
BiblioID
Update
Version
2.0
1.05
USDA
x
1.05
USDA
x
1.05
USDA
x
1.02
1.05
1.07
1.010-1.030
USDA
USDA
USDA
UK 6th
x
x
x
1.090-1.120
UK 6th
FNDDS 4.1
UK 6th
UK 6th
1.06
1.040
1.030-1.040
5 Specific
gravity
Food name and description
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
1.054
1.06
Specific
gravity
1.07
S&W
USDA
x
1.06
1.07
USDA
x
Guanabana nectar, canned
Guava nectar, canned
Ice, crushed
Juice, apple and grape blend, with added ascorbic
acid
Juice, apple, grape and pear blend, with added
ascorbic acid and calcium
1.02
1.02
0.56-0.72
1.05
1.02
1.02
x
x
x
1.05
USDA
USDA
ASI
USDA
1.05
1.05
USDA
Lemonade, frozen concentrate, pink
Lemonade, frozen concentrate, white
Lime juice cordial, undiluted
1.24
1.17
1.24
1.17
1.102
USDA
USDA
UK 6th
Mango nectar, canned
Meal supplement drink, NESTLE, SUPLIGEN,
canned, peanut flavor
1.00
1.04
1.00
1.04
USDA
USDA
x
x
Orange juice
Orange juice with calcium
Orange juice, canned, unsweetened
Orange soda (sweetened with sugar)
QUAKER OATS, PROPEL Fitness Water, fruitflavored, non-carbonated
1.038
1.038
1.04
1.029
1.00
1.05
x
1.00
S&W
S&W
USDA
S&W
USDA
1.040
UK 6th
1.020
S&W
UK 6th
1.070
UK 6th
x
x
x
Grape juice
Grape juice, canned or bottled, unsweetened, with
added ascorbic acid
Grape juice, canned or bottled, unsweetened,
without added ascorbic acid
Soft drinks, cola type
Soft drinks, diet soda
Soft drinks, lemonade type
0.988
Soft drinks, lucozade type
BiblioID
Update
Version
2.0
x
Soy drink
Soya + milk + sugar
Soya + sugar
Sports drink, COCA-COLA, POWERADE, lemonlime flavored, ready-to-drink
1.08
1.05
1.05
1.03
1.03
FNDDS 4.1
KEN
KEN
USDA
Sports drink, PEPSICO QUAKER GATORADE,
GATORADE, original, fruit-flavored, ready-todrink
Tamarind nectar, canned
Water
Water, ice, 0 °C
Water, ice, 4 °C
Water, liquid, 20 °C
Water, mineralwater
1.03
1.03
USDA
x
1.01
1.01
1
x
x
0.916
0.999
0.998
1.035-1.04
USDA
CG
TB
TB
TB
DK
1
1
0.59-0.62
0.25
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
ASI
RC
Tea, cacao, coffee and drinking powders
Coffee, brewed
Coffee, expresso
Coffee, green (beans)
Coffee, powder (nescafé)
6 0.59-0.62
x
Food name and description
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.35-0.38
1.06
0.5-0.55
0.2-0.25
0.48
1
0.23
0.38
0.43
1
1
1.03
Specific
gravity
BiblioID
0.35-0.38
1.04
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
RC
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
KEN
USDA
1.03
1.03
USDA
x
1.03
1.04
USDA
x
1.005
UK 6th
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.003
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
KEN
UK 6th
1.01
1.01
1.014
DK
TB
USDA
USDA
UK 6th
Beer, stout, extra
1.002
UK 6th
Beer, strong ale
1.018
UK 6th
Beer, type bitter or brown ale
1.008
UK 6th
Beer, type draught
1.004
UK 6th
Beer, type Keg
1.001
UK 6th
Beer, type mild, draught
1.009
UK 6th
Coffee, roasted (beans)
Miso, broth, ready to drink
Powder, chocolate drinking powder
Powders
Tea, black (tea leaves)
Tea, herbal, Ciakimora (leaves + water)
Tea, herbal, Ciakimora leaves
Tea, flakes
Tea, powdered
Tea, liquid
Tea, only (tea leaves + water)
Tea, ready-to-drink, ARIZONA iced tea, with
lemon flavor
Tea, ready-to-drink, LIPTON BRISK iced tea, with
lemon flavor
Tea, ready-to-drink, NESTLE, COOL NESTEA ice
tea lemon flavor
Beverages, alcoholic
Beer
Beer, lager
Beer, light
Beer, light, BUD LIGHT
Beer, light, BUDWEISER SELECT
Beer, light, MICHELOB ULTRA
Beer, local (non specific)
Beer, pale ale
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.96
Beer, pilsner
Beer, pilsner, 4 °C
Beer, regular, all
Beer, regular, BUDWEISER
Beer, stout, bottled
1.007
1.008
1.01
1.00
Beer, commercial (white cap etc.)
Spirits and liqueurs
Alcohol, ethyl
Amaretto
Amaretto di Saranno
Anisette
Apricot brandy
Apricot liquor
Bailey's irish cream
Benedictine
0.97
0.789
1.1
1.08
1.175
1.06
1.09
1.05
1.04
7 Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
KEN
x
TB
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Specific
gravity
BiblioID
1.07
1.06
1.1
1.11
1.04
1.06
1.06
1.12
1.13
1.04
1.16
1.14
1.14
1.18
1.165
1.08
1.08
1.11
1.01
1.12
1.04
1.093
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
DK
UK 6th
Liqueur, type cherry brandy
1.093
UK 6th
Liqueur, type curacao
1.052
UK 6th
Midori melon liquor
Orange curacao
Parfrait d'amour
Peach brandy
Peach liqueur
Peppermint schnapps
Port
1.05
1.08
1.13
1.06
1.04
1.04
1.026
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
CG
UK 6th
x
x
x
x
x
x
Rock and Rye
Sherry, dry
1.05
0.988
CG
UK 6th
x
Sherry, medium
0.998
UK 6th
Sherry, sweet
1.009
UK 6th
Sloe gin
Southern comfort
Spirits, 40% alcohol
1.04
0.97
0.950
CG
CG
UK 6th
1.12
1.09
1.09
0.98
DK
DK
DK
CG
CG
CG
CG
Benedictine D.O.M.
Blackberry brandy
Blackberry liquor
Blue curacao
Brandy
Campari
Cherry brandy
Cherry liqueur
Coffee liquor
Cointreau
Crème de almond
Crème de banana
Crème de cacao
Creme de cassis
Crème de noyaux
Drambuie
Frangelico
Galliano
Green chartreuse
Green crème de menthe
Kummel
Liqueur
Liqueur, type advocaat
Spirits, 45% alcohol (whiskey)
Spirits, 70% alcohol
Spirits, 75% alcohol
Strawberry liqueur
Tia Maria
Triple sec
Tuaca
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
1.03-1.150
0.939
0.885
0.873
8 Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Specific
gravity
BiblioID
Vermouth, dry
1.005
UK 6th
Vermouth, sweet
1.046
UK 6th
White crème de cacao
White crème de menthe
Yellow chartreuse
Wine and Cider
Cider, dry
1.14
1.12
1.06
CG
CG
CG
1.007
UK 6th
Cider, sweet
1.012
UK 6th
Cider, vintage
1.017
UK 6th
Wine, red
0.998
UK 6th
Wine, rose, medium
1.003
UK 6th
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.99
1.00
1.00
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
1.00
1.04
1.03
1.00
1.01
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
1.00
0.995
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
USDA
DK
UK 6th
Wine, white, medium
1.005
UK 6th
Wine, white, sweet
1.016
UK 6th
Wine, table, all
Wine, table, red
Wine, table, red, Barbera
Wine, table, red, Burgundy
Wine, table, red, Cabernet Franc
Wine, table, red, Cabernet Sauvignon
Wine, table, red, Carignane
Wine, table, red, Claret
Wine, table, red, Gamay
Wine, table, red, Lemberger
Wine, table, red, Merlot
Wine, table, red, Mouvedre
Wine, table, red, Petite Sirah
Wine, table, red, Pinot Noir
Wine, table, red, Sangiovese
Wine, table, red, Syrah
Wine, table, red, Zinfandel
Wine, table, white
Wine, table, white, Chardonnay
Wine, table, white, Chenin Blanc
Wine, table, white, Fume Blanc
Wine, table, white, Gewurztraminer
Wine, table, white, late harvest
Wine, table, white, late harvest, Gewurztraminer
Wine, table, white, Muller Thurgau
Wine, table, white, Muscat
Wine, table, white, Pinot Blanc
Wine, table, white, Pinot Gris (Grigio)
Wine, table, white, Riesling
Wine, table, white, Sauvignon Blanc
Wine, table, white, Semillon
Wine, white
Wine, white, dry or sparkling
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.99
1.04
1.03
1.00
1.01
0.99
0.99
1.00
0.99
1.00
1-1.04
9 Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Milk and dairy products
Milk
Milk (at 15.6 C)
Milk (non-fat dry)
Milk (powdered whole)
Milk (powdered)
Milk shake, fruit and other
Milk, acidophilus cultured
Milk, buttermilk
Milk, chocolate milk, skimmed
Milk, cow, whole
Milk, evaporated
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
Specific
gravity
BiblioID
Update
Version
2.0
1.02-1.05
x
x
x
x
1.07
CSG
ASI
ASI
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
DK
DK
DK
KEN
UK 6th
1.03
FNDDS 4.1
UK 6th
0.56
0.56
0.21
1
1.01
1.022
1.056
1.04
x
Milk, goat, whole
Milk, liquid (whole, semi-skimmed, skimmed)
1.08
Milk, liquid, partially skimmed
Milk, liquid, skimmed
Milk, liquid, skimmed
Milk, liquid, whole
Milk, liquid, whole
Dairy products
Butter
Butter, margarine
1.034
1.033
1.036
1.030
1.031
DK
TB
DK
TB
DK
0.911
0.96
TB
RC
Buttermilk, dried
0.5
ASI
x
Casein
0.58
ASI
x
Cheese, emmentaler, grated
0.34
RC
Cream, 13% fat
1.013
DK
Cream, 38% fat
0.984
DK
Cream, 9% fat
1.017
DK
Cream, double (about 40-50% fat)
Cream, heavy
Cream, light
Cream, single (about 20% fat)
0.994
1.012
Cream, sour (crème fraiche about 18% fat)
Cream, sour (crème fraiche about 38% fat)
Cream, whipped
Cream, whipping (about 40% fat)
1.005
0.978
0.496
Ice cream
Ice cream, dairy
0.554
Ice cream, light (formerly ice milk)
Ice cream, light, no sugar added
Ice cream, no sugar added
Ice cream, non dairy
0.56
0.58
0.54
Ice cream, regular
Ice cream, rich
0.56
0.62
10 0.94
UK 6th
1.00
TB
TB
UK 6th
0.96
DK
DK
S&W
UK 6th
0.61
S&W
UK 6th
0.51
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
UK 6th
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
Food name and description
Sour milk, cow, whole
Yoghurt, berry, low fat, artificially sweetened
Yoghurt, fruits
Yoghurt, low fat, fruit
Yoghurt, plain, unsweetened
Yoghurt, plain, unsweetened
Yoghurt, strawberry, low fat
Oils and fats
Oils
Cooking oil, elianto oil, salad, golden fry, rina
Cooking oil, sima
Cooking oil, tily, chipo, pura
Oil, cod (at 15.6 C)
Oil, corn (at 15.6 C)
Oil, cotton seed (at 15.6 C)
Oil, lard (at 15.6 C)
Oil, linseed (at 15.6 C)
Oil, olive (at 15.6 C)
Oil, other than palmoil
Oil, palm (at 15.6 C)
Oil, palmoil
Oil, peanut (at 15.6 C)
Oil, rapeseed (at 20 C)
Oil, seasame seed (at 15.6 C)
Oil, sunflower
Oil, vegetable, coconut
Oil, vegetable, corn
Oil, vegetable, olive
Oil, vegetable, palm
Oil, vegetable, peanut
Oil, vegetable, soya
Oil, whale (at 15.6 C)
Fats and other
Animal fat
Lard
Lard (at 15.6 C)
Mayonnaise, light
Mayonnaise, traditional
Solid vegetable fat kimbo
Solid vegetable fat rina
Cereal and cereal products
Barley
Barley malt, flour
Barley, fine ground
Barley, meal
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.98
1.06
1.045-1.06
1.08
BiblioID
KEN
FNDDS 4.1
DK
UK 6th
Update
Version
2.0
x
1.06
1.031
1.08
FNDDS 4.1
DK
FNDDS 4.1
0.88
0.88
0.88
KEN
KEN
KEN
CSG
CSG
CSG
CSG
CSG
CSG
DK
CSG
DK
CSG
CSG
CSG
RC
TB
TB
TB
TB
TB
TB
CSG
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1
0.91
0.6
0.67
KEN
TB
CSG
TB
TB
KEN
KEN
0.62
0.72
0.74
0.45
TB
ASI
ASI
ASI
0.928
0.924
0.88-0.93
0.91-0.93
0.93-0.94
0.91-0.92
0.92
0.924
0.89
0.92
0.92
0.923
0.96
0.924
0.922
0.918
0.915
0.914
0.927
0.925
0.7
0.919
0.96
11 Specific
gravity
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Barley, flour
Barley, flour, malted
Barley, ground
Barley, malted
Barley, rolled
Barley, scoured
Barley, whole
Biscuits
Bran
Bread
Bread, cornbread
Bread, roll, soft
Bread, white
Bread, white, sliced, prepacked
Breadcrumbs
Breakfast cereal, cornflakes (dry cereal)
Breakfast cereal, muesli w/ fruits&nuts
Breakfast cereal, raisin bran
Breakfast cereal, type Cheerios
Breakfast cereal, type Corn flakes
Breakfast cereal, type Crispix
Breakfast cereal, type frosted flakes
Breakfast cereal, type Just Right
Breakfast cereal, type rice krispies
Buckwheat, bran
Buckwheat, flour
Buckwheat, whole
Bulrush mille, fermented flour
Cake
Cake mix
Corn/maize flour, white
Corn/maize starch, loosely packed
Corn/maize sugar
Corn/maize, boiled
Corn/maize, boiled with fat
Corn/maize, bran
Corn/maize, chops (coarse)
Corn/maize, chops (fine)
Corn/maize, chops (medium)
Corn/maize, cobs
Corn/maize, cracked (coarse)
Corn/maize, ear
Corn/maize, ear
Corn/maize, fermented flour
Corn/maize, flour
Corn/maize, meal
Corn/maize, flour
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.61
0.64
0.38-0.42
0.49
0.34-0.38
0.66
0.61-0.69
0.41-0.53
0.56
0.29
0.433
0.18
0.42
0.29
0.45
0.117
0.37
0.26
0.13
0.1
0.13
0.18
0.24
0.12
0.25
0.66
0.59-0.66
0.56
0.415
0.7
0.55
0.54
0.33
0.90
0.90
0.21
0.64-0.70
0.58-0.62
0.61-0.67
0.27
0.64
0.9
0.9
0.55
0.82
0.64
0.62
12 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
S&W
FNDDS 4.1
KEN
FNDDS 4.1
RC
S&W
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
RC
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
S&W
ASI
KEN
TB
ASI
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
TB
ASI
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Corn/maize, germ flour
Corn/maize, gluten flour
Corn/maize, grits
Corn/maize, ground
Corn/maize, kibbled
Corn/maize, mash
Corn/maize, shelled
Corn/maize, starch
Corn/maize, starch, tightly packed
Corn/maize, white, boiled
Corn/maize, white, dry
Corn/maize, whole kernel, dried, cracked (Njenga)
Corn/maize, whole kernel, dried, cracked, boiled
(Njenga)
Corn/maize, whole shelled
Donut mix
Dough mix
Finger millet, fermented flour
Millet
Millet
Millet flour, bulrush
Millet flour, finger
Millet, bulrush
Millet, finger
Oat Flour
Oat middlings
Oats
Oats
Oats groats, whole
Oats, ground
Oats, hulls
Oats, rolled
Pasta, short macaroni style, boiled
Pasta, short macaroni style, raw
Pasta/ noodles, boiled
Porridge flour bonavist, boiled
Porridge flour bonavist, raw
Porridge flour ken-uji + lemon extract
Porridge flour ken-uji:F.mill, bul, sorg, wheat
Porridge, maize, flour + water
Rice
Rice, boiled
Rice, boiled with fat
Rice, bran
Rice, hulled
Rice, puffed
Rice, raw
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.56
0.51-0.69
0.64-0.69
0.54-0.58
0.32-0.35
0.72
0.72
0.67
0.63
0.85
0.81
0.81
1.07
0.72
0.64
0.59
0.61
0.64
0.64
0.56
0.61
0.90
0.81
0.53
0.61
0.41
0.43
0.74
0.46
0.13
0.30-0.38
0.55
0.39
0.59
0.73
0.84
0.54
0.60
1.05
0.72
0.73
0.70
0.42
0.75
0.1
0.85
13 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
TB
ASI
TB
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
ASI
TB
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
TB
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
RC
RC
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
ASI
KEN
KEN
ASI
TB
ASI
KEN
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Rice, rough
Rice, white, boiled
Rice, white, raw
Rye
Rye, bran
Rye, flour
Rye, malted
Rye, middlings
Rye, shorts
Rye, whole
Semolina, raw
Sorghum, fermented flour
Sorghum, flour
Sorghum, seed
Soy, flour
Soya, flour
Wheat
Wheat, bran
Wheat, cracked
Wheat, cut
Wheat, flour
Wheat, flour
Wheat, flour
Wheat, flour
Wheat, flour, malted
Wheat, flour, white
Wheat, flour, wholemeal
Wheat, gluten
Wheat, hulls
Wheat, middlings
Wheat, shaved
Wheat, whole
Whey
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.58
0.73
0.82
0.72
0.24-0.32
0.67
0.51
0.67
0.54
0.69-0.72
0.78
0.54
0.54
0.51-0.56
0.7
0.64
0.77
0.18-0.26
0.56
0.74
0.48
0.58
0.67
0.521
0.66
0.67
0.55
0.69
0.7
0.24
0.54
0.72-0.83
0.56
Tubers and products
Arrowroot/cocoyam, boiled
Arrowroot/cocoyam, raw
Cassava,flour
Cassava, boiled
Cassava, raw
Potato, english, boiled
Potato, english, raw
Potatoes, flakes
Potatoes, powdered
Sweet potato, boiled
Sweet potato, raw
Yam, boiled
0.54
0.52
0.55
0.63
0.63
0.59
0.59
0.21
0.77
0.65
0.44
0.79
14 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
TB
RC
RC
TB
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
RC
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
TB
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
ASI
S&W
ASI
RC
RC
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
KEN
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Yam, raw
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.66
Nuts and seeds
Almonds
Cashews
Coconut Chips
Flaxseed
Nuts
Peanuts
Peanuts, shelled
Peanuts, unshelled
Pistachio, raw, with shell
Pistachio, raw, without shell
Rapeseed
Sunflower, seed
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.7
0.63
0.53
0.69
0.27-0.38
0.6
0.646
0.77
0.62
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
ASI
ASI
ASI
RC
RC
ASI
ASI
x
x
x
x
Fruits
Apple slices, dried
Loquat
Paw Paw, unripe
0.24
0.6
0.56
ASI
KEN
KEN
x
x
x
Vegetables
Alfalfa, leaf, meal
Alfalfa,meal, dehydrated 13%
Alfalfa, meal, dehydrated 17%
Alfalfa, meal, fine ground
Alfalfa, meal, suncured 13%
Alfalfa, seed
Alfalfa, stem meal
Carrot, raw, chopped
Carrot, raw, grated
Cauliflower, boiled
Chili, green
Chili, red
French green beans
Fresh green peas (minji)
Leaves, managu, raw (black night shade)
Leaves, onion, spring onion, raw
Corn/maize, green, sweet corn, boiled
Corn/maize, green, sweet corn, raw
Olives, green, with stone
Onions, chopped
Onions, minced
Onions, powdered
Onions, fried, cubed
Onions, raw, cubed
Salad, green, leaves, raw
Spinach, frozen, cooked
0.23
0.26-0.29
0.29-0.35
0.24-0.35
0.22
0.72-0.77
0.19
0.54
0.71
0.45
0.5
0.5
0.53
0.73
0.2
0.44
0.73
0.61
0.65
0.22
0.13
0.4
0.75
0.55
0.06
1.046
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
RC
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
RC
ASI
ASI
ASI
RC
RC
RC
RC
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
15 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
KEN
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Spinach, leaves, raw
Sweet pepper, raw, cubes
Sweet pepper, raw, half rings
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.08
0.51
0.39
Legumes
Beans, white
Cowpeas
Cowpeas, dried, boiled
Cowpeas, dried, raw
Greengram, boiled
Greengram, raw
Kidney beans, dry, boiled
Kidney beans, dry, raw
Kidney beans, green, boiled
Kidney beans, green, raw
Lentils, green, small, boiled
Lentils, green, small, raw
Pigeon peas, boiled
Pigeon peas, raw
Soybean
Soybean, flakes
Soybean, hulls
Soybean, meal
Soybean, boiled
Soybean, boiled with fat
0.69-0.77
0.72
0.75
0.96
0.76
0.79
0.79
0.75
0.7
0.68
0.85
0.89
0.75
0.84
0.74
0.58
0.4
0.64
0.79
0.70
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
RC
RC
KEN
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Herbes and spices
Cinnamon, powder
Clover, seed
Dry flavoring mix Roiko and other flavorings
Garlic, flakes
Garlic, powder
Sage, leaves
Spice, barbecue
Spice, blend
0.56
0.77
0.7
0.35
0.32
0.29
0.48
0.58
ASI
ASI
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Fish and fish products
Prawns, whole, boiled, with shell
Prawns, whole, boiled, without shell
0.58
0.77
RC
RC
Egg and egg products
Egg, yoke, powder
Egg, chicken, boiled/poached
Eggs, powdered
0.37
0.6
0.35
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
ASI
x
Meat and meat products
Blood, flour
Blood, meal
0.48
0.62
ASI
ASI
x
x
16 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
Update
Version
2.0
RC
RC
RC
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Bone and meat meal, loose
Bone meal, loose
Cow intestine, boiled
Cow, lean, no bone, raw
Cow, intestine, raw
Goat, intestine, boiled
Goat, intestine, raw
Pork, fatty, with bone, boiled
Pork, fatty, with bone, raw
Pork, medium, with bone, boiled
Pork, medium, with bone, raw
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.72
0.80-0.96
0.58
0.96
0.93
0.56
0.83
0.63
0.97
0.7
0.93
Snacks
Potato chips
Potato chips, pringles
Snacks, puffed, lowfat
0.09
0.12
0.11
Sweets
Glucolin, glucose
Glucose (at 15.6 C)
Jam
Jam, sweetened
Jelly
Nutella
Sucrose
Sucrose Octoacetate
Sugar
Sugar, dextrose
Sugar, dextrose
Sugar, granulated
Sugar, powdered
Sugar, white
Sugar, white
Syrup, blackcurrant, undiluted
Syrup, corn
Syrup, corn, light
Syrup, fruit, blackberry
Syrup, grenadine
Syrup, maple
Syrup, pancake
Miscellaneous foods
Baking powder
Gelatin
Monosodium glutamate
Mustard powdered
Protein supplement
Salad dressing
1.333
1.43
1.245
1.26
0.85
0.53
0.95
0.62
0.58
0.7
0.56
0.9
0.88
1.280
1.32
1.312
0.9
0.72
1.62
0.26
0.54
1.1
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
RC
FNDDS 4.1
FNDDS 4.1
1.35-1.44
1.38
1.40
1.34
BiblioID
ASI
ASI
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
0.4
17 Specific
gravity
1.41
1.18
1.32
KEN
CSG
S&W
RC
S&W
RC
ASI
ASI
KEN
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
RC
FNDDS 4.1
UK 6th
TB
USDA
RC
CG
USDA
S&W
ASI
ASI
TB
ASI
ASI
FNDDS 4.1
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Salt, sodium chloride
Salt, fine table
Salt, granulated
Salt, table
Sauce, soy
Sodium bicarbonate
Vitamin additive
Vitamin compound
Vitamin enrichment
Vitamin mix
Vitamin powder
Yeast
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
2.165
1.38
1.28
1.217
1.12
2.2
0.66
0.67
0.64
0.7
0.56
0.95
Soups
Bean soup
Cheddar cheese soup
Chicken noodle soup
Egg drop soup
Mushroom soup
Soup, meat
Soup, mixed
Soup, thick (squash, potato)
Soup, vegetable
Tomato soup
1.054
1.046
1
1.017
1.017
1.04
1.05
1.09
0.99
1.017
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
KEN
KEN
RC
KEN
S&W
0.65
1.04
1.05
0.68
0.95
1.03
1.04
0.83
0.95
0.99
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S&W
KEN
KEN
x
x
0.98
0.88
1.04
0.94
0.75
1.05
0.83
1.04
1.10
1.13
1.30
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Mixed dishes
Beef and noodles (no sauce)
Beef and noodles in gravy (mixture)
Beef stew, canned
Beef, noodles and vegetables (no sauce)
Broccoli casserole
Cheese tortellini
Chicken and dumplings (mixture)
Eggplant parmesan
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + meat
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + meat + vegetable +
potato/banana
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + onion, boiled with fat
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + potato/banana
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + vegetable
Githeri (muthugo + beans) + vegetable + meat
Githeri + meat
Githeri + meat + vegetable + potato/banana
Githeri + onion, boiled with fat
Githeri + peas
Githeri + potato/banana
Githeri + roots + vegetable
Githeri + vegetable
18 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
TB
ASI
ASI
S&W
FNDDS 4.1
TB
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Githeri + vegetable + meat
Githeri + vegetable + potato/banana
Githeri plain (muthugo + beans + water)
Githeri, beans + vegetable + potatoes
Githeri, maize + peas
Githeri, plain (maize + beans + water)
Gitwero, banana + beans
Gitwero, banana + beans + vegetable
Gitwero, banana + potato + beans
Gitwero, banana + vegetable
Gitwero, banana, boiled with fat
Gitwero, banana/potato
Gitwero, banana/potato + meat
Gitwero, banana/potato + vegetable
Gitwero, root (yam, arrowroot, etc.)
Gitwero, roots + banana
Gitwero, roots + banana
Green bean casserole
Lasagna
Macaroni and cheese, canned
Mataha (Maize stew) (Maize stew), maize + peas
Mataha (maize stew), beans + banana
Mataha (maize stew), beans + banana + potato
Mataha (maize stew), beans + banana + potato +
vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), beans + potato/banana +
vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), beans + vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), beans + vegetable + banana
Mataha (maize stew), maize + banana
Mataha (maize stew), maize + banana/potato +
vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), maize + beans + potato
Mataha (maize stew), maize + beans + potato +
vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), maize + beans + potato,
boiled with fat
Mataha (maize stew), maize + beans + vegetable +
banana
Mataha (maize stew), maize + vegetable
Mataha (maize stew), paw paw
Mexican casserole w/beef, beans, cheese, chips
Mini ravioli, canned
Moussaka
Muthugo (maize without germ and cover) only
Noodles/pasta with fat
Rice + beans
Rice + beans + potato/banana
Rice + meat
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.84
0.95
0.98
0.93
0.97
0.71
1.20
1.20
1.04
1.20
1.19
1.30
1.08
1.22
1.14
1.03
1.03
0.95
1.04
1.00
0.86
1.22
1.25
1.15
BiblioID
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
S&W
S&W
S&W
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.14
KEN
x
1.02
1
1.09
1.10
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
x
x
x
x
0.75
0.95
KEN
KEN
x
x
0.75
KEN
x
0.70
KEN
x
0.90
1.33
0.6
1.05
0.85
0.76
0.80
0.75
0.85
0.73
KEN
KEN
S&W
S&W
S&W
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
x
x
19 Specific
gravity
x
x
x
x
x
Food name and description
Rice + meat + vegetable
Rice + potato/banana
Rice + roots (yam, arrowroot etc.)
Rice + vegetable
Rice + vegetable + potato/banana
Rice, plain (rice + water)
Spaghetti and meat balls, canned
Stew, banana
Stew, banana + potato + vegetable
Stew, beans
Stew, beans/ peas + meat + vegetables
Stew, beans/ peas + vegetables
Stew, meat
Stew, pea + potato/banana
Stew, pea + potato/banana + vegetable
Stew, potato
Stew, potato + beans + vegetable
Stew, vegetable
Stew, vegetable + meat
Stew, vegetable + potato
Stew, vegetable + potato + meat
Stew: eggs + veg
Tuna noodle casserole
Ugali + beans
Ugali + beans + vegetable
Ugali + vegetable, crumbed
Ugali + vegetables, boiled with fat
Ugali, plain (flour + water), crumbed
Wieners and sauerkraut (mixture)
=HVW\,WDOLDQ¶¶KDPEXUJHUKHOSHU··
Density in g/ml
(including mass
and bulk density)
0.83
0.80
0.90
0.65
0.80
0.70
1.04
1.07
1.06
1.01
0.94
1.07
1.12
1.10
1.22
1.10
1.08
0.68
0.86
1.10
1.08
0.68
0.93
0.80
0.80
0.75
1.20
0.75
0.61
1.04
20 Specific
gravity
BiblioID
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
S&W
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
S&W
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
KEN
S&W
S&W
Update
Version
2.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Bibliography BiblioID
ASI
CG
CSG
DK
FNDDS 4.1
KEN
RC
S&W
TB
UK 6th
USDA
ASI bulk density and specific gravity database. Website:
http://www.asiinstr.com/technical/Material_Bulk_Density_Chart_A.htm (accessed on 30 August
2012)
Specific Gravity Chart for Popular Spirits. By Colleen Graham.
http://cocktails.about.com/od/mixology/qt/spirit_gravity.htm (Accessed 15 Sept 2012)
Computer Support Group of CSGNETWORK.COM. Specific Gravity And Viscosity Of Liquids
http://www.csgnetwork.com/specific_gravity_viscosity_liquids.html (Accessed 15 Sept 2012)
Danish food composition databank 4th edition 1996.
Agricultural Research Service, Food Surveys Research Group. 2010. USDA Food and Nutrient
Database for Dietary Studies, 4.1. Web site:
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U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2011. Specific Gravity of Selected
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