Subido por Dennis Mendoza Matheus

ASME-b3022-2000-gruas-de-pluma-articulada

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JQÕLP IO [D_FL LQYH@_DLIL
_M OPYÌMILQ ML@HCMLD OPYLIC_MHIOMPO
LPFO A0;.11-1;;;
(Qovhshðm io LPFO A0;.11-<880)
<
[QÐDCJC
Osto Ostìmilr Ml`hcmld Ostlicumhiomso, Ostìmilr io Pojurhili plrl Ihro``hcmlfhomtc
io `lados, Jrõls, Jrõls io arlzc fðvhd, Zhm`gos, Jltls y Osdhmjls, gl shic ioslrrcddlic alec dcs
prc`oihfhomtcs io l`roihtl`hðm pcr od Hmsthtutc Ml`hcmld Ostlicumhiomso io Ostlmilrhzl`hðm
(lmthjulfomto `cmc`hic `cfc Hmsthtutc io Ostlmilrhzl`hðm io dcs Ostlics _mhics). Osto
ostìmilr tuvc sus hmh`hcs om Ih`hofaro io <8<2, `ulmic um @ðihjc io Ostìmilros io Pojurhili
io c`gc pìjhmls plrl jrõls, proplrlic pcr od @cfhtè io LPFO plrl dl [rcto``hðm io
Yrlalelicros
Hmiustrhldos,
buo prosomtlic
l dl roumhðm
io LPFO.
Dls roumhcmos
y ihs`ushcmos
rodl`hcmlils
l dl lmuld
sojurhili
io dls jrõls, jrõls io arlzc
fðvhd y whm`gos so `odoarlrcm iosio <81; glstl <81?, `cm dl plrth`hpl`hðm iod @cfhtè io
@crrodl`hðm iod @ðihjc io Pojurhili io LPFO, dl Lsc`hl`hðm io Hmjomhorcs Odè`trh`cs iod Ghorrc
y od L`orc, od Fusoc Ostlicumhiomso io Pojurhili, od @cfhtè io Ostìmilros io Hmjomhoræl
Ostlicumhiomso (fìs tlrio `lfahlrì pcr dl Lsc`hl`hðm io Ostìmilros Ostlicumhiomsos y
pcstorhcrfomto ld Hmsthtutc io Ostìmilros io dcs OO.__), od Ioplrtlfomtc io Yrlalec - Ostlic
io Muovl Eorsoy, Ioplrtlfomtc io Yrlalec o Hmiustrhl - Ostlic io [ommsydvlmhl y dl Lsc`hl`hðm
io Blarh`lmtos io jrõls dc`cfctcrls. Od << io eumhc io <81?, Od @cfhtè io Ostìmilros io
Hmjomhoræl Ostlicumhiomso lprcað od @cfhtè io @crrodl`hðm iod @ðihjc io Pojurhili io LPFO,
ro`cfomilic y lprcalic pcr od Ioplrtlfomtc io dl Flrhml io dcs Ostlics _mhics, Ihro``hðm
io Lsthddorcs y Iìrsomls y LPFO `cfc pltrc`hmlicros.
Om flrzc io <812, so omvhlrcm dls hmvhtl`hcmos l ?; crjlmhzl`hcmos plrl mcfarlr
mcfarlr l dcs
roprosomtlmtos plrl um @cfhtè Po``hcmld. Dl `cmvc`ltcrhl plrl dl crjlmhzl`hðm io osto @cfhtè
Po``hcmld buo omvhlil od 1 io c`tuaro io <812 y dl `cfhshðm crjlmhzð od 9 io mcvhofaro
mcvhofaro io <812,
`cm ?: fhofarcs om roprosomtl`hðm io 18 crjlmhzl`hcmos ml`hcmldos. Od @ðihjc io Pojurhili
plrl jrõls, jrõls io arlzc fðvhd y whm`gos, LPL A0;.1-<890, buo `rolil l plrthr iod ic`ufomtc
io c`gc pìjhmls quo roborhfcs om od
od prhfor pìrrlbc. Osto ic`ufomtc
ic`ufomtc so rolbhrfð om <8?1 y buo
l`optlic lfpdhlfomto `cfc um ostìmilr io sojurhili.
Ioahic l `lfahcs om od ihsoüc, lvlm`os om dls tè`mh`ls y od hmtorès jomorld io dl flmc
io carl y io dl hmiustrhl scaro dl sojurhili, od @cfhtè Po``hcmld, alec od pltrc`hmhc `cmeumtc io
LPFO y dls Hmstldl`hcmos iod @cflmic io dl Hmjomhoræl Mlvld, Ioplrtlfomtc io dl Flrhml io dcs
OO.__, buo rocrjlmhzlil `cfc um @cfhtè Ml`hcmld io Mcrfls Ostlicumhiomsos od 0< io omorc
io 1821, `cm 08 fhofarcs om roprosomtl`hðm io 1: crjlmhzl`hcmos ml`hcmldos.
Od bcrfltc iod `ðihjc lmtorhcr buo `lfahlic l bhm io quo vcdõfomos soplrlics (`lil
umc `cfpdofomtl dl `cmstru``hðm o hmstldl`hðm, hmspo``hðm, pruoal y flmtomhfhomtc> y
cporl`hðm) puoilm `uarhr dcs ihsthmtcs thpcs io oquhpc hm`duhics om od ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm io
A0;.
Om <871, od @cfhtè buo rocrjlmhzlic pcr od @cfhtè io Crjlmhzl`hðm L`roihtlil,
cporlmic alec dcs prc`oihfhomtcs ioslrrcddlics pcr LPFO y l`roihtlils pcr od Hmsthtutc io
Ostìmilros Ml`hcmldos Ostlicumhiomsos.
Osto Ostìmilr prosomtl um `cmeumtc `ccrihmlic io mcrfls quo puoiom sorvhr `cfc juæl
plrl od jcahormc y l ctrcs crjlmhsfcs rojudlicros y l dls lutcrhilios fumh`hpldos rospcmslados
io dl vhjhdlm`hl o hmspo``hðm io dcs oquhpcs quo omtrlm iomtrc io su ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm. Dls
sujorom`hls plrl dl provom`hðm io l``hiomtos scm ilils `cfc ihspcsh`hcmos cadhjltcrhls y io
lsoscrlfhomtc> od `ufpdhfhomtc io lfacs thpcs puoio sor mo`oslrhc pcr plrto io dcs
ofpdolicros io dcs ofpdolics.
Om `lsc io ihbh`udtlios prì`th`ls, muovcs ioslrrcddcs c ihbh`udtlios hmmo`oslrhls, dl
lutcrhili lifhmhstrlthvl c rojudlicrl pcirì `cm`oior vlrhl`hcmos om dcs roquhshtcs dhtorldos c
porfhthr od usc io ctrcs ihspcshthvcs c fètcics, porc sðdc `ulmic os `dlrlfomto ovhiomto quo
um jrlic oquhvldomto io prcto``hðm os jlrlmthzlic. [lrl jlrlmthzlr dl lpdh`l`hðm umhbcrfo y dl
hmtorprotl`hðm iod prosomto ostìmilr, dls lutcrhilios
lutcrhilios lifhmhstrlthvls c rojudlicrls so dos hmst
hmstll
l `cmsudtlr `cm od @cfhtè A70;, io `cmbcrfhili `cm od bcrfltc ios`rhtc om dl Po``hðm HHH io dl
hmtrciu``hðm, lmtos io tcflr io`hshcmos scaro pumtcs om ihsputl.
1
Osto vcdufom iod Ostìmilr, quo buo lprcalic pcr od @cfhtè A0; y LPFO, buo lprcalic
pcr LMPH y ioshjmlic `cfc od Ostìmilr Ml`hcmld Ostlicumhiomso od <9 io eudhc io 1;;;.
Dcs `ðihjcs y ostìmilros io sojurhili quo protomiom foecrlr dl sojurhili p
põadh`l.
õadh`l. Dls
rovhshcmos, rosudtlic io dls `cmshiorl`hcmos io dcs bl`tcros iod `cfhtè tld `cfc dcs lvlm`os
tè`mh`cs, muovcs iltcs y `lfahcs lfahomtldos y dls mo`oshilios io dl hmiustrhl. Dls rovhshcmos
mc hfpdh`lm quo dls oih`hcmos lmtorhcros buorlm hmsubh`homtos.
0
@CFHYÈ LPFO A0;
Ostìmilros io Pojurhili plrl od Ihro``hcmlfhomtc io @lados, Jrõls, Jrõls
J rõls io arlzc fðvhd,
Zhm`gos, Jlm`gcs, Jltls y Osdhmjls
(Od shjuhomto toxtc os dl dhstl io dl @cfhshðm ld fcfomtc io dl lprcal`hðm iod prosomto
Ostìmilr.)
IODOJLICP
[.P. Ucrh`g,
Ucrh`g, [roshiomto
A.I. @dcsscm,
@dcsscm, Rh`o-proshiomto
E. Zomidor,
Zomidor, Po`rotlrhc
[OQPCMLD IOD @CFHYÈ *
LDDHLM@O CB LFOQH@LM HMP_QOQP
Y.L. @grhstomsom, Dhaorty Futuld Hmsurlm`o @c.
LPPC@HLYOI JOMOQLD @CMYQL@YCQP CB LFOQH@L
@.D. Gumoy`utt,
Gumoy`utt, E.L. Ecmos @cmstru`thcm
Z.[. Qcddhms,
Qcddhms, Ldtormlto, E.L. Ecmos @cmstru`thcm
LPPC@HLYOI ZHQO QC[O BLAQH@LYCQP
I. Plyomjl,
Plyomjl, Lssc`hltoi Zhro Qcpo Blarh`ltcrs
I.E. Ahsgcp, Ldtormlto, Ahsgcp Dhbthmj [rciu`ts, Hm`.
LPPC@HLYHCM CB @CMPYQ_@YHCM O\_H[FOMY FLMLJOQP
E.@. Qylm,
Qylm, Acg Arcs. @cmstru`thcm @c.
G.O. Dhvorfcro,
Dhvorfcro, Ldtormlto, Ao`gtod Dolshmj, Hm`.
LPPC@HLYHCM CB HQCM LMI PYOOD OMJHMOOQP
E.Z. Qcwdlmi, Aotgdogof Ptood
BCQJHMJ HMI_PYQX LPPC@HLYHCM
J.B. Gcbbl,
Gcbbl, @cdufaus F`Nhmmcm @crp.
O.N. Flraurj, Ldtormlto, @cdufaus F`Nhmmcm @crp.
HMYOQMLYHCMLD _MHCM CB C[OQLYHMJ OMJHMOOQP
Z.E. Pfhtg Er., Hmtormlthcmld _mhcm cb Cporlthmj Omjhmoors.
P.@. Au`n,
Au`n, Ldtormlto, Hmtormlthcmld _mhcm cb Cporlthmj Omjhmoors, Dc`ld <?;
MLYHCMLD OQO@YCQP LPPC@HLYHCM
A.O. Zohr, Er., Mcrrhs Arctgors @c., Hm`.
E. @cmlmt,
@cmlmt, Ldtormlto, @cmlmt @rlmo Qomtld @c.
[CZOQ, @QLMO, LMI PGCROD LPPC@HLYHCM A_QOL_ CB YGO @CMPYQ_@YHCM HMI_PYQX
FLM_BL@Y_QOQP LPPC@HLYHCM (@HFL)
M.@. Glrjrolvos, Yorox @crp.
I.J. \uhmm,
\uhmm, Ldtormlto, BF@ @cmstru`thcm Oquhpfomt @crp.
P[O@HLDHUOI @LQQHOQP LMI QHJJHMJ LPPC@HLYHCM
G.H. Pglphrc, Gcwlri H. Pglphrc & Lssc`hltos
Q.F. Ncgmor,
Ncgmor, Ldtormlto, Dlmiflrn Omjhmoorhmj Porvh`o
PYOOD [DLYO BLAQH@LYCQP LPPC@HLYHCM
N. Fhddor,
Fhddor, @AH ML-@CM. Hm`
_.P. IO[LQYFOMY CB YGO LQFX
O.O. Quiy, _.P Lrfy YLQIO@
_.P. IO[LQYFOMY CB YGO MLRX
E.O. Qh`glriscm,
Qh`glriscm, Mlvld Bl`hdhthos Omjhmoorhmj @cfflmi
ZHQO YC[O YO@GMH@LD ACLQI
D.I. Folms, Zhro Qcpo @crp. cb Lforh`l, Hm`.
9
I.L. Gommhmjor,
Gommhmjor, Ldtormlto, [ludsom Zhro Qcpo @crp.
FHOFAQCP HMIHRHI_LDOP
Y. Lsomltc,
Lsomltc, Olstflm Nciln @c.
Q.E. Acdom, O. H. iu [cmt io Morfcurs & @c., Hm`.
L.I. Arcwm, _.P. Ioplrtfomt cb Dlacr ‐ CPGL
[.D Qcssh,
Qcssh, Ldtormlto, _.P. Ioplrtfomt cb Dlacr ‐ CPGL
N.D. @gdli,
@gdli, Fltorhld Glmidhmj @rlmo Pystof
E.Z. Icwms Er.,
Er., Ldtormlto, Icwms @rlmo lmi Gchst @cfflmi
A.I. @dcsscm, Mcrtg Lforh`l @rlmo Aurolu Zost
Y.D. Adlmtcm, Ldtormlto, Mcrtg Lforh`l @rlmo Aurolu
E.[. @cddoth, Ecgm [. @cddotth & Lssc`hltos, Hm`.
Q.L. Ilgdhm,
Ilgdhm, Zldnor Fljmoth` Jrcup, Hm`.
I.Z. O`nsthmo,
O`nsthmo, Jrcvo Zcrdiwhio
L. Fhddor,
Fhddor, Ldtormlto, Jrcvo Zcrdiwhio
Q.G. Bcwdor, _.P. Ioplrtfomt cb tgo Lhr Bcr`o
E.D. Brlmns, @cmsudtlmt
Q.@. Pdltor, Ldtormlto, F`Nly Hmtormlthcmld Omjhmoors
E.E. Golidoy, @rlmo Hmsthtuto cb Lforh`l, Hm`.
@.Z. Hrodlmi, Lf`dyio Omjhmooroi [rciu`ts
D.P. Ecgmscm,
Ecgmscm, Lforh`lm Oquhpfomt
J.D. Cwoms, Ldtormlto, Jrlmhto @cmstru`thcm @c.
E.F. Ndhaort, Dhbt-Ldd @c., Hm`., Gcmcrlry Fofaor
G.J. Dohih`g, Hmjorscdd-Qlmi
E.Y. [ornhms,
[ornhms, Ldtormlto, Hmjorscdd-Qlmi
@. Du`ls, @rcsay Jrcup
[.L. Aco`nflm, Ldtormlto, @rcsay Jrcup
Y.P. F`Ncsny,
F`Ncsny, @cmsudtlmt, Gcmcrlry Fofaor
Q.Z. [lrry, @cmsudtlmt, Gcmcrlry Fofaor
Q.Q. Qohshmjor,
Qohshmjor, BNH Hmiustrhos, Hm`.
E.D. Jcricm, Ldtormlto, BNH Hmiustrhos, Hm`.
L.Q. Yctg, Fcrrhs Fltorhld Glmidhmj
P.E. F`@crnwh`n, Ldtormlto, Fcrrhs Fltorhld Glmidhmj
Q.@. Zhdi, _.P. Lrfy @crps cb Omjhmoors
Q.O. P`ctt, Ldtormlto, _.P. Lrfy @crps cb Omjhmoors
I.M. Zcdbb, Mlthcmld @rlmo @crp.
[.P. Ucrh`g, QU[ Hmtormlthcmld Dhfhtoi
* Dcs fhofarcs io dl dhstl, l ox`op`hðm io dcs mcfarlics om od om`laozlic io fhofarcs
hmihvhiuldos, buorcm ioshjmlics pcr sus rospo`thvls crjlmhzl`hcmos.
?
@CMYOMHICP
[rðdcjc……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[rðdcjc………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………1
………………………1
Dhstl iod @cfhtè…………………………………………………………
@cfhtè……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………….9
………………………….9
Qosufom io dcs `lfahcs……………………………………………………………
`lfahcs………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………7
…………7
Hmtrciu``hðm………………………………
Hmtrciu``hðm
……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………….
……………………….8
8
Jomorld………………………………………………………………………………………………
Jomorld……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………….8
…………………………………….8
Po``hðm H
Ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm…………………………………………………………….<<
lpdh`l`hðm…………………………………………………………….<<
Po``hðm HH
Caeothvc………………………………………………………………………………..<<
Po``hðm HHH
Hmtorprotl`hcmos……………………………………………………………………<<
Po``hðm HR
Hmstldl`hcmos muovls y oxhstomtos……………………………………
oxhstomtos………………………………………..<1
…..<1
Po``hðm R
Mcrfls cadhjltcrhl y `cmsudtlthvls……………………………………….<1
Po``hðm RH
@cmvorshcmos fètrh`ls………………………………………………………….<1
fètrh`ls………………………………………………………….<1
@lpætudc 11-;
Po``hðm 11-;.<
Po``hðm 11.;.1
Po``hðm 11-;.0
Ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm, iobhmh`hcmos y roborom`hls
Ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm io A0;.11
Iobhmh`hcmos…………………………………………………………………………<0
Qoborom`hls………………………………………………………………………….12
@lpætudc 11-<
@cmstru``hðm y `lrl`toræsth`ls……………………………………………..
`lrl`toræsth`ls……………………………………………..1:
1:
Po``hðm 11-<.<
Po``hðm 11-<.1
Po``hðm 11-<.0
Po``hðm 11-<.9
Po``hðm 11-<.?
Po``hðm 11-<.2
Po``hðm 11-<.:
Po``hðm 11-<.7
@lpl`hilios mcfhmldos io dl `lrjl……………………………………..1:
`lrjl……………………………………..1:
Odovl`hðm io dl pdufl, pdufl todos`ðph`l y fo`lmhsfc io
odovl`hðm io dl `lrjl……………………………………………………………1:
`lrjl……………………………………………………………1:
Fo`lmhsfc io rctl`hðm……………………………………………………….0;
rctl`hðm……………………………………………………….0;
Yrlmspcrto io jrõl………………………………………………………………0;
jrõl………………………………………………………………0;
@lados y L``oscrhcs io omgoarlic………………………………………0;
omgoarlic………………………………………0;
@cmtrcdos……………………………………………………………………………..01
Hmstldl`hðm……………………………………………………………………………01
@cmstru``hðm………………………………………………………………………..00
@lpætudc 11-1
Po``hðm 11-1.<
Po``hðm 11-1.1
Po``hðm 11-1.0
Po``hðm 11-1.9
Hmspo``hðm, pruoal y flmtomhfhomtc………………………………..
flmtomhfhomtc………………………………..09
09
Hmspo``hðm……………………………………………………………………………09
[ruoal…………………………………………………………………………………02
Flmtomhfhomtc……………………………………………………………………0:
Hmspo``hðm iod `lado, flmtomhfhomtc y roofpdlzc…………….07
@lpætudc 11-0
Po``hðm 11-0.<
Flmoec………………………………………………………………………………..
Flmoec………………………………………………………………………………..9
9<
<
@lpl`hili y `cmiu`tl io dcs cporlrhcs plrl dls prì`th`ls io
flmoec………………………………………………………………………………...9<
[rì`th`ls cporlthvls……………………………………………………………..9
cporlthvls……………………………………………………………..91
1
Rlrhlic………………………………………………………………………………..90
Po``hðm 11-0.1
Po``hðm 11-0.0
Bhjurls
<
@cmtrcd om thorrl ostìmilr fcmtlic scaro `lfhðm `cfor`hld
1
@cmtrcd om lshomtc suporhcr fcmtlic scaro `lfhðm `cfor`hld…………………………………<0
`cfor`hld…………………………………<0
0
@cmtrcd rofctc fcmtlic scaro `lfhðm `cfor`hld…………………………………………………….<9
`cfor`hld…………………………………………………….<9
9
Hmstldl`hðm ostl`hcmlrhl………………………………………………………………
ostl`hcmlrhl………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………<?
<?
?
Hmstldl`hðm io vljcmotl………………………………………………………………
vljcmotl……………………………………………………………………………………………..<?
……………………………..<?
2
Fcmtlic om um trl`tc………………………………………………………………………………………………<2
trl`tc………………………………………………………………………………………………<2
:
Qhod fðvhd fcmtlic om dl also io um rofcdquo………………………………………………………..<2
rofcdquo………………………………………………………..<2
2
7
8
<;
<<
<1
<0
<9
<?
Rogæ`udc tcic torromc…………………………………………………………
torromc……………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………….<2
<2
Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd iuld tcic torromc fcmtlic scaro ruoils………………………………….<2
Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd shfpdo tcic torromc fcmtlic scaro ruoils……………………………….
ruoils……………………………….<:
<:
Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd shfpdo tcic torromc fcmtlic scaro crujl…………………………………<:
Iobhmh`hcmos io dls ospo`hbh`l`hcmos
ospo`hbh`l`hcmos plrl dls jrõls lrth`udlils………………………………….<8
Ombcquo io dcs jlm`gcs………………………………………………………………
jlm`gcs…………………………………………………………………………………………….1<
…………………………….1<
Odovl`hðm hmborhcr gcrhzcmtld…………………………………………………………
gcrhzcmtld……………………………………………………………………………………..11
…………………………..11
Odovl`hðm suporhcr gcrhzcmtld…………………………………………………………………………………….
gcrhzcmtld…………………………………………………………………………………….1
11
1
<2
<:
Mcfom`dlturl plrl dls jrõls lrth`udlils…………………………………………………………………..19
lrth`udlils…………………………………………………………………..19
Ucml io [odhjrc plrl jrõls y flmoec io `lrjls odovlils `or`l io dls dæmols io
trlmsfhshðm odè`trh`l…………………………………………………………………………………………………99
odè`trh`l…………………………………………………………………………………………………99
Yladl
<
Ihstlm`hl roquorhil plrl od vcdtleo mcrfld iurlmto od flmoec `or`l io dls dæmols io ldtl
tomshðm y cporl`hðm om trìmshtc shm `lrjl y `cm dl pdufl c fìsthd ios`omihic……………99
ios`omihic ……………99
:
LPFO A0;.11-1;;;
QOP_FOM IO DCP @LFAHCP
Dl oih`hðm 1;;; io dl LPFO A0;.11 hm`duyo `lfahcs om dl roil``hðm, dls rovhshcmos y dls
`crro``hcmos hmtrciu`hils om A0;.11l-<889, A0;.11a-<88?, A0;.11`-<88: y A0;.11i-<887, lsæ
`cfc dcs shjuhomtos `lfahcs hiomthbh`lics pcr (;;).
[ìjhml
_ah`l`hðm
@lfahc
?-<:
11-;.1.1
(<) Dls iobhmh`hcmos io dls oxtomshcmos io dl pdufl,
flmuld c ghirìudh`l (uml c fìs)> vldcr mcfhmld io dl
jrõl> eha (eha shm uslr)> jlm`gc io `lrjl> `hdhmirc
io dl pdufl oxtorhcr> y phvcto io dl pdufl
pdufl glm shic
rovhslics.
(1) [dufl so`umilrhl> `hdhmirc io dl pdufl so`umilrhl>
y phvcto io dl pdufl so`umilrhl glm shic acrrlics.
Doyomil plrl
Dls Bhj.
<1, <0, <9 y <?
Ddlflfcs rovhslic l —GL‖
<2
Bhj. <2
Qovhslil
1;
11-<.1.<
Yætudc y sua pìrrlbc (l) rovhslic
7
OPYÌMILQ IO POJ_QHILI [LQL IHQO@@HCMLFHOMYC IO @LADOP, JQÕLP, JQÕLP IO AQLUC
FÐRHD, ZHM@GOP, JLYLP X OPDHMJLP
HMYQCI_@@HÐM
Jomorld
Osto Ostìmilr os uml io dls sorhos io ostìmilros io sojurhili, om vlrhcs tofls, quo so
glm bcrfudlic alec dcs lusph`hcs jomorldos iod Hmsthtutc io Ostìmilros Ml`hcmldos
Ostlicumhiomsos. _mc io dcs prcpðshtcs iod ostìmilr os io sorvhr `cfc juæl l dls lutcrhilios
juaormlfomtldos quo tomjlm eurhsih``hðm scaro tofls iomtrc iod ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm iod
ostìmilr. Po osporl, shm
shm ofalrjc, quo od Ostìmilr om`cmtrlrì uml foecr lpdh`l`hðm om dl
hmiustrhl, shrvhomic `cfc uml
uml juæl l dcs blarh`lmtos, l dcs `cfprlicros i
ioo oquhpcs y l dcs
usulrhcs iod oquhpc.
[lrl `cmvomhom`hl iod usulrhc, od Ostìmilr gl shic ihvhihic om vcdõfomos pcr soplrlic.
A0;.<
A0;.1
A0;.0
A0;.9
Jltls
Jrõls puomto, io lr`c y vcdlihzls
Jrõls tcrros io `cmstru``hðm
[crtld, tcrro y jrõl io pðrth`c
A0;.? Jrõls fðvhdos y dc`cfctcrls
A0;.2 Iorrh`n
A0;.: Ylfacr io odovl`hðm fcmtlic scaro also
A0;.7 Jrõl bdctlmto y jrõl io arlzc fðvhd bdctlmto
A0;.8 Osdhmjls
A0;.<; Jlm`gcs
A0;.<< Fcmc`lrrhd y jrõls suspomihils
A0;.<1 Flmoec io `lrjls suspomihils
suspomihils iosio rctcpdlmcs
A0;.<0 Ldfl`omlfhomtc/Qo`uporl`hðm (L/Q) io fìquhmls y oquhpcs
oquhpcs lsc`hlics
A0;.<9 Yrl`tcros `cm arlzc io ofpueo dltorld
A0;.<? Jrõls fðvhdos ghirìudh`ls
Mctl5 A0;.<?-<8:0 gl shic rothrlil. Dl rovhshðm io A0;.<? ostì hm`duhil om dl õdthfl
oih`hðm io A0;.?.
A0;.<2 Hzlicros io scaro`lrjl (@cdjlic)
A0;.<: Pcaro`lrjl y jrõl pðrth`c ([uomto lèroc, vhjl shfpdo, hzlicr
hzlicr `cdjlic)
A0;.<7 Jrõl lphdlicrl ([uomto lèroc c torrostro, vhjls fõdthpdos `cm `lrrc io iospdlzlfhomtc
lèroc c torrostro)
A0;. <8 @lado trlmspcrtlicr
A0;. 1; Ihspcshthvcs io odovl`hðm ioalec iod jlm`gc
A0;. 1< Hzlicr cporlic pcr pldlm`l flmuld
A0;. 11 Lrth`udlmic dl jrõl pdufl
A0;. 10 [orscmld io Phstofls io odovl`hðm
A0;. 19 @cmtomoicr io jrõls ¸
A0;.1? Flmhpudlicros io `gltlrrl y fltorhld
A0;. 12 Oquhpc io flmhcarl¸
A0;. 1: Phstofls io `cdc`l`hðm io fltorhl h
A0;. 17 _mhilios io aldlm`o io odovlicr
8
h
A0;.19, A0;.12, A0;.1: y A1;.17 ostìm om dl otlpl io ioslrrcddc.
Ph ostcs ostìmilros scm licptlics plrl usc juaormlfomtld, dls roborom`hls plrl ctrcs
`ðihjcs ml`hcmldos y ostìmilros om dcs vcdõfomos ospo`æbh`cs puoiom `lfahlr `cm rodl`hðm l dls
rojudl`hcmos `crrospcmihomtos l dls lutcrhilios juaormlfomtldos.
Dl uthdhzl`hðm io ihro``hcmlfhomtc io `lados, jrõls, jrõls io arlzc fðvhd, whm`gos, jltls
y`cm
osdhmjls
ostì sueotc
l `hortcs
`h ortcs rhosjcs
quo mcy puoiom
dcjrlso
pcr[cr
foihcs
fo`ìmh`cs,
porc
sðdc
od oeor`h`hc
io dl hmtodhjom`hl,
dl ltom`hðm
od somthic
`cfõm.
dc tlmtc,
os osom`hld
`cmtlr
`cm porscmld `cfpotomto, `uhilicsc, bæsh`c y fomtldfomto `ldhbh`lic y `lpl`htlic, quo
plrth`hpo om dl uthdhzl`hðm y od bum`hcmlfhomtc io dcs oquhpcs quo scm plrl uml cporl`hðm sojurl
io dl fìquhml y flmhpudl`hðm io dls `lrjls. Dcs podhjrcs jrlvos scm scaro`lrjl, `læil c
iosdhzlfhomtc io dl `lrjl prcvc`lic pcr od hmlio`ulic omjlm`go c osdhmjlic, castruyomic od
plsc dharo io dl `lrjl y od usc iod oquhpc plrl um bhm quo mc `crrospcmil.
Od @cfhtè io Ostlmilrhzl`hðm `cfpromio porbo`tlfomto dl hfpcrtlm`hl io um lio`ulic
bl`tcr io ihsoüc, tlflüc fìxhfc c fæmhfc y ctrls quo dhfhtlm dls ihfomshcmos iod `lado c
`lioml y su bhel`hðm, pcdols, ruoils iomtlils, tlfacros y oquhpcs shfhdlros, rojudlics pcr od
Ostìmilr, dcs `uldos ostìm ostro`glfomto rodl`hcmlils `cm dl sojurhili. Od tlflüc, dl buorzl,
dcs `rhtorhcs shfhdlros iopomiom io fu`gcs bl`tcros ihboromtos y l fomuic ihboromtos `cm dl
hmstldl`hðm y uscs. Ostcs bl`tcros iopomiom io dl `cmih`hðm iod oquhpc c fltorhld, dl `lrjl, dl
l`odorl`hðm c dl vodc`hili io dls `uorils, `liomls, pcdols, omjrlmleo c tlfacros> od thpc io
lieumtc, od mõforc, od tlflüc
tlflüc y dls ihspcsh`hcmos io dls pcdols io iosjlsto y fu`gls vlrhlados
quo ioaom `luslr `crrcshðm om `lil `lsc. Dls mcrfls quo bhjurlm om od Ostìmilr ioaom
hmtorprotlrso `cfc `crrospcmio y od euh`hc ioao uthdhzlrso plrl dl iotorfhml`hðm io su
lpdh`l`hðm.
Ldjumls io dls ihspcsh`hcmos iod prosomto Ostìmilr oxhjhrì od `ufpdhfhomtc `cm dl
hmbcrfl`hðm quo so om`uomtrl
om`uomtrl om dcs flmuldos u ctrcs ic`ufomtcs `cm od oquhpc
oquhpc sufhmhstrlic
pcr od blarh`lmto. Dl hmbcrfl`hðm hm`duyo ro`cfomil`hcmos, roquhshtcs o hmstru``hcmos (pcr
oeofpdc, "dcs omgoarlics so `cfprcalrìm `cm od `ufpdhfhomtc io dls ro`cfomil`hcmos iod
blarh`lmto").
Od `ufpdhfhomtc io dls ihspcsh`hcmos mc ioao hfpoihr dl pcshahdhili io `cmsudtlr l uml
porscml `ldhbh`lil. Ostc os `hortc, ospo`hldfomto `ulmic od oquhpc gl shic ldtorlic, roplrlic c
fcihbh`lic> dcs flmuldos c ic`ufomtcs sufhmhstrlics pcr od blarh`lmto c pcr um su`oscr yl mc
so om`uomtrlm ihspcmhados. Phm ofalrjc, od prcpðshtc io `cmsudtlr l uml porscml `ldhbh`lil mc
ioaorì ovhtlr od `cmtl`tc `cm od blarh`lmto y dl uthdhzl`hðm io dl hmbcrfl`hðm prcpcr`hcmlil pcr
od blarh`lmto.
Od @cfhtè io Ostlmilrhzl`hðm ostlrì om`lmtlic io ro`hahr `ræth`ls io dcs roquorhfhomtcs io osto
Ostìmilr y sujorom`hls plrl foecrlr, ospo`hldfomto lquoddcs alslics om oxporhom`hls l`tuldos
om dl lpdh`l`hðm io dls mcrfls.
Dls sujorom`hls plrl `lfahcs iod Ostìmilr ioaom prosomtlrso l dl Po`rotlræl iod @cfhtè
A1;, LPFO, Ygroo [lrn Lvomuo, Muovl Xcrn, MX <;;<2-?88;
<;;< 2-?88; y ioaom ostlr om `c
`cmbcrfhili
mbcrfhili `cm
od shjuhomto bcrfltc5
(l)
`hto od pìrrlbc ospo`æbh`c io dl ioshjml`hðm `crrospcmihomto ld vcdufom>
(a)
hmihquo od `lfahc prcpuostc (lih`hðm, tl`gliurl, rovhshðm, ot`.)>
(`)
osthpudo arovofomto dl rlzðm y/c pruoals io dcs `lfahcs sujorhics>
(i)
prosomto dcs `lfahcs prcpuostcs l fìs io um pìrrlbc om od criom om quo dcs
pìrrlbcs lplro`om om od vcdufom.
Od @cfhtè A0; `cmshiorlrì cpcrtumlfomto, `lil `lfahc sujorhic io `cmbcrfhili `cm
sus prc`oihfhomtcs.
<;
Po``hðm H5
Ìfahtc io lpdh`l`hðm
Osto Ostìmilr lpdh`l plrl dl `cmstru``hðm, hmstldl`hðm, cporl`hðm, hmspo``hðm y
flmtomhfhomtc io dls jltls> jrõls io l``hcmlfhomtc
l`` hcmlfhomtc odè`trh`c, fcmcrrhod, phstls io jrõl> jrõls
io arlzc fðvhd y whm`gos io l``hcmlfhomtc odè`trh`c y io l``hcmlfhomtc flmuld, ihspcshthvcs
io odovl`hðm, jlm`gcs y osdhmjls> y od ihro``hcmlfhomtc io `lados.
Osto Ostìmilr mc so lpdh`l l dls jltls io `lfhðm c lutcfðvhd, od borrc`lrrhd c io dls jrõls
io luxhdhc lutcfðvhd, jrõls
jrõls io acric, jrõls io acric `cm flmhpudl`hðm io oquhpcs io `lrjl,
`lsthddotos, fcmtl`lrjls, fìquhml io oxtrl``hðm, `lfhðm io `uorpc odovlicr, lutc c oxtrl`tcros
alr`lzl, trlmspcrtlicros (`cmvoycr), oquhpcs io ox`lvl`hðm c dcs oquhpcs quo omtrlm om od
ìfahtc io dls shjuhomtos @cfhshcmos5 L<;, L<:, L8;, L<1;, A1;, A?2 y A::.
Po``hðm HH5
[rcpðshtc
Osto Ostìmilr ostì ihsoülic plrl5
(l)
prctojor y fhmhfhzlr dls doshcmos io dcs trlalelicros y io ctrl flmorl,
provor dl prcto``hðm io dl vhil, dl hmtojrhili bæsh`l y dl prcphoili pcr dl
pros`rhp`hðm io dcs roquhshtcs io sojurhili>
(a)
prcpcr`hcmlr crhomtl`hðm l dcs prcphotlrhcs, ofpdolicros, suporvhscros y ctrcs
hmtoroslics c rospcmslados io su lpdh`l`hðm5 y
(`)
juhlr l dcs jcahormcs y l ctrcs crjlmhsfcs rojudlicros om od ioslrrcddc,
prcfudjl`hðm y lpdh`l`hðm io ihro`thvls io sojurhili lio`ulils.
Po``hðm HHH5
Hmtorprotl`hcmos
[cr provhl poth`hðm, dl @cfhshðm A0; romihrì uml hmtorprotl`hðm l `uldquhor roquhshtc iod
Ostìmilr. Dls hmtorprotl`hcmos sðdc puoiom sor ih`tlils om rospuostl l uml scdh`htui os`rhtl,
omvhlil ld Po`rotlrhc io dl @cfhshðm A0;, LPFO, Ygroo [lrn Lvomuo, Muovl Xcrn, MX <;;<2?88;.
Dl scdh`htui io hmtorprotl`hðm ioao sor `dlrl y shm lfahjôoilios. Liofìs, so
ro`cfhomil quo od hmvosthjlicr prosomto su scdh`htui uthdhzlmic od shjuhomto bcrfltc.
Lsumtc5
@htlr od mõforc(s) io pìrrlbc(s) y uml ios`rhp`hðm `cm`hsl.
Oih`hðm5
@htlr dl oih`hðm iod vcdufom porthmomto plrl dl hmtorprotl`hðm scdh`htlil.
[rojumtl5
Oxproslr dl projumtl `cfc uml scdh`htui io hmtorprotl`hðm io um roquhshtc
ospo`æbh`c lio`ulic plrl od omtomihfhomtc y usc jomorld, mc `cfc uml scdh`htui
io lprcal`hðm io um ihsoüc io dl prcphoili c shtul`hðm. Od hmvosthjlicr tlfahèm
puoio hm`duhr osquofls c ihauecs quo solm mo`oslrhcs plrl oxpdh`lr dl projumtl,
shm ofalrjc, mc ioao `cmtomor mhmjuml hmbcrfl`hðm c mcfaros io dl prcphoili.
Dls scdh`htuios quo mc ostìm om osto bcrfltc sorìm roos`rhtcs om osto bcrfltc pcr od
@cfhtè lmtos io sor rospcmihils, ostc pciræl `lfahlr dl hmtom`hðm io dl scdh`htui crhjhmld.
Dcs prc`oihfhomtcs io LPFO plrl dl ro`cmshiorl`hðm io `uldquhor hmtorprotl`hðm,
`ulmic, c sh dl hmbcrfl`hðm lih`hcmld puoil lbo`tlr dl hmtorprotl`hðm quo ostì ihspcmhado.
Liofìs, dls porscmls ljrlvhlils pcr uml hmtorprotl`hðm puoiom lpodlr lmto od @cfhtè io LPFO
c Pua`cfhshðm. LPFO mc "lpruoal", "`orthbh`l", "`cmshiorl" c "lpcyl" `uldquhor tofl, dl
`cmstru``hðm, od ihspcshthvc prcphotlrhc c io dl l`thvhili.
Po``hðm HR5
Hmstldl`hcmos muovls y oxhstomtos
<<
(l)
Bo`gl io vhjom`hl. Dl bo`gl io vhjom`hl io osto vcdufom, `cm od prcpðshtc io
iobhmhr dls hmstldl`hcmos muovls y oxhstomtos sorì io < lüc iospuès io su bo`gl io ofhshðm.
(a)
Muovls hmstldl`hcmos. @cmstru``hðm, hmstldl`hðm, hmspo``hðm, vorhbh`l`hðm,
flmtomhfhomtc y cporl`hðm io fìquhmls o hmstldl`hcmos `cmstruhils iospuès io dl bo`gl io
vhjom`hl io osto vcdufom so leustlrì l dcs roquhshtcs cadhjltcrhcs io osto vcdufom.
(`)
Hmstldl`hcmos oxhstomtos. Hmspo``hðm, vorhbh`l`hðm, flmtomhfhomtc y cporl`hðm io
fìquhmls o hmstldl`hcmos `cmstruhils `cm
`cm lmtorhcrhili l dl bo`gl io vhjom`hl io osto vcdufom
so roldhzlrì, sojõm `crrospcmil, io `cmbcrfhili
`c mbcrfhili `cm dcs roquhshtcs io osto vcdufom.
Mc os dl hmtom`hðm io osto vcdufom oxhjhr dl rotrc-lilptl`hðm io dcs oquhpcs oxhstomtos.
Phm ofalrjc, `ulmic um tofl ostì shomic fcihbh`lic, sus roquhshtcs io oeo`u`hðm sorìm
sorìm
rovhslics om rodl`hðm `cm od vcdufom l`tuld. Ph od romihfhomtc os sustlm`hldfomto ihboromto, dl
mo`oshili io slthsbl`or dcs roquhshtcs l`tuldos sorìm ovldulics pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil y sorì
sodo``hcmlic pcr od prcphotlrhc (usulrhc). Dcs `lfahcs
` lfahcs ro`cfomilics so glrìm pcr od prcphotlrhc
(usulrhc) iomtrc io < lüc.
Po``hðm R5
Mcrfls cadhjltcrhls y `cmsudtlthvls
Dls mcrfls cadhjltcrhls io osto vcdufom so `lrl`torhzlm pcr od usc io dl pldlarl ioao.
Ph os uml ihspcsh`hðm io `lrì`tor `cmsudtlthvc, so hmih`l pcr od usc io dl pldlarl pciræl quo os
uml ro`cfomil`hðm quo so tomirìm om `uomtl, plrl dl `cmvomhom`hl iod `uld iopomio dcs
bl`tcros om `lil shtul`hðm.
Po``hðm RH5
@cmvorshcmos fètrh`ls
Dcs vldcros hmih`lics om umhilios Yrlih`hcmldos om dcs Ostlics _mhics, ioaom sor
`cmshiorlics `cfc od Ostìmilr.
BHJ. 1 @CMYQCD
@ CMYQCD OM LPHOMYC P_[OQHCQ FCMYLIC PCAQO @LFHÐM @CFOQ@HLD
<1
Jrõl5
jrõl io pdufl lrth`udlil.
@dlshbh`l`hðm io dls jrõls5 dl jrõl sorì `dlshbh`lil om phos-dharl (M-f). Ostl `ldhbh`l`hðm sorì
ostlado`hil fudthpdh`lmic dl `lrjl mcfhmld iod blarh`lmto pcr od rlihc fæmhfc io dl pdufl `cm
dl pdufl om su pcsh`hðm rotrlæil gcrhzcmtld (tcics dls pdufls io oxtomshðm so om`uomtrlm
rotrlæils), od sojumic arlzc y od todos`cphc `cfpdotlfomto oxtomihics y dl ldturl io dl phm iod
jlm`gc hjuld l dl ldturl iod phm iod prhfor arlzc
[umtcs io omdl`o5 om fõdthpdos `lpls icmio so omrcddl od `lado om od tlfacr, oscs pumtcs iod
`lado gl`om `cmtl`tc icmio od `lado `ruzl dl `lpl iod `lado lmtorhcr.
[orscml ioshjmlil5 uml porscml sodo``hcmlil c ioshjmlil pcr od ofpdolic c pcr od
roprosomtlmto iod ofpdolic, pcr sor `cfpotomto plrl roldhzlr tlrols
tl rols ospo`æbh`ls.
Ylfacr5 od fhofarc `hdæmirh`c ldroioicr io dl `uld so omrcddl um `lado plrl dl odovl`hðm y od
ios`omsc io dl `lrjl.
`lrjls ihmìfh`ls5 dls `lrjls hmtrciu`hils om dl fìquhml c om sus `cfpcmomtos, ioahic l dls
buorzls io l`odorl`hðm c io`odorl`hðm.
lhsdlfhomtc odè`trh`c5 um fltorhld lio`ulic quo so rodl`hcml `cm dl `lpl`hili iod fltorhld plrl
roshsthr dl `cmiu``hðm io odo`trh`hili.
eumtl io postlül ofpormlil5 um pumtc io `cmtl`tc omtro od `lado y dl arhil iod tlfacr icmio
od `lado `lfahl sus `lpls.
[rhfor arlzc( hmmor accf)5 od fhofarc ostru`turld, umhic ld fìsthd, quo scpcrtl c odovl dl
pdufl(s) oxtorhcr(os).
@hdhmirc io arlzc (bdy eha)5 `cfpcmomto hmstldlic om uml pdufl lrth`udlil c bhelil `cm c shm
so``hcmos io pdufl oxtomshados quo ostl
ostl lieumtl ld sojumic arlzc (cutor accf).
@hdhmirc io dovlmto io prhfor arlzc 5 `hdhmirc ghirìudh`c od `uld dovlmtl porfhto quo od prhfor
arlzc so oxthomil c so odovo.
[hvct io arlzc5 dl lrth`udl`hðm scaro od `uld od prhfor arlzc
arlzc os dovlmtlic c rotrlæic `cm rospo`tc
ld fìsthd.
trlalec io `lrjl5 dl `lrjl oxtorml om dharls (nj) quo so lpdh`l l dl jrõl, hm`duhic od posc io dl
`lrjl io dcs oquhpcs vhm`udlics om od hzleo, `cfc dls osdhmjls, jrhddotos.
<0
BHJ. 0 @CMYQCD
@ CMYQCD OM LPHOMYC P_[OQHCQ FCMYLIC PCAQO @LFHÐM @CFOQ@HLD
adcquo io `lrjl hmborhcr5 dl roumhðm iod jlm`gc, jrhddoto, jhrltcrhcs, pcdols, phmos y flr`c
suspomihic pcr od `lado io hzleo.
Adcquo io `lrjl suporhcr5 dl roumhðm iod jrhddoto, jhrltcrhcs, pcdols, phmos y flr`c suspomihic
iod pumtc io dl pdufl.
Jlm`gc io `lrjl5 um `cfpcmomto ostru`turld, quo so bhel ld sojumic arlzc, l dcs todos`cphcs, dls
oxtomshcmos, c dl dæmol io `lrjl y so uthdhzl plrl sueotlr dls `lrjls l dl jrõl.
Hmih`licr io `lrjl5 um ihspcshthvc quo fhio od posc io dl `lrjl.
Qlihc io `lrjl5 dl ihstlm`hl gcrhzcmtld iosio dl dæmol `omtrld io rctl`hðm glstl dl dæmol `omtrld
iod phm iod jlm`gc om `uldquhor pcsh`hðm io dl pdufl.
Rldcros io `lrjl5 vldcros om dharls (nhdcjrlfcs), ostlado`hics pcr od blarh`lmto.
_mhili prhm`hpld (also)5 dl also ostl`hcmlrhl io dl jrõl quo scpcrtl od fìsthd c dl tcrmlfosl
Fìsthd5 um flr`c plrl usc om `cmoxhðm od `uld scpcrtl dl pdufl io dl umhili prhm`hpld c also.
Ioshjml`hðm iod fciodc5 mõforc iod fciodc iod blarh`lmto plrl jrõls io pdufl lrth`udlil.
fcmtleo c dl suspomshðm io dl vhjl5 um fhofarc ostru`turld uthdhzlic om um `cm`optc io fcmtleo
io tros pumtcs, quo porfhto quo od flr`c iod `glshs jhro c trlmsbhorl dl `lrjl io dl jrõl l dcs
`lrrhdos iod `glshs.
Ostru`turl io fcmtleo5 dl ostru`turl om dl quo dl jrõl ostì fcmtlil.
<9
Ihspcshthvcs io mc odovl`hðm5 ihspcshthvcs lieumtcs l dl jrõl quo oeor`om ihboromtos bum`hcmos
ihsthmtls l dls io um dovlmtlfhomtc, tldos `cfc alrromls/tldlircs `cfpl`tlicrls/lphscmlicrls
y flrthddcs ghirìudh`cs.
@cmih`hcmos mcrfldos io bum`hcmlfhomtc
Bum`hcmlfhomtc io dl jrõl iosio od lshomtc suporhcr-, `lahml-, ostl`hðm5 dls `cmih`hcmos om dls
quo uml jrõl ostì roldhzlmic dls bum`hcmos iomtrc iod ìfahtc iod ihsoüc crhjhmld. Alec ostls
`cmih`hcmos, od cporlicr ostì om dcs `cmtrcdos io cporl`hðm om dl jrõl y mhmjuml ctrl porscml
ostì om dl jrõl.
BHJ. 9 Hmstldl`hðm ostl`hcmlrhl
BHJ. ? Hmstldl`hðm scaro rhodos
BHJ. 2 Fcmtlic scaro rofcdquo c pdltlbcrfl
<?
BHJ. : Fcmtlic scaro uml also io rhod iosdhzlado scaro pdltlbcrfl
BHJ. 7 Rogæ`udc tcic torromc
BHJ. 8 Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd iuld fcmtlic scaro ruoils tcic torromc
BHJ. <; Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd shfpdo fcmtlic scaro ddlmtls tcic torromc
BHJ. << Ostl`hðm io `cmtrcd shfpdo fcmtlic scaro crujls tcic torromc
DOXOMIL [LQL DLP BHJ_QLP <1, <0, <9 X <?
<2
L
ìmjudc io dl lrth`udl`hðm ‐ od ìmjudc pcr icmio od sojumic arlzc so fuovo iosio su
@L
@J
rotrl``hðm `cfpdotl glstl su oxtomshðm `cfpdotl iod `hdhmirc io odovl`hðm iod sojumic
arlzc (Bhj. <0)
dcmjhtui gcrhzcmtld io `lahml l oeo io ruoil - dl ihstlm`hl iosio dl plrto trlsorl io dl
`lahml iod `glshs l dl dæmol `omtrld iod oeo trlsorc c io icado oeo (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
`omtrc io jrlvoili io dl jrõl (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
@JG
`omtrc io jrlvoili gcrhzcmtld io dl jrõl, ‐ dl ihstlm`hl gcrhzcmtld iosio dl dæmol `omtrld
@JD
@JR
@G
@DD
@DQ
I
O<
O1
B
BC
J@
JD
GL
GQ
G<
G1
io rctl`hðm gl`hl od `omtrc iod posc io dl pdufl `cfpdotlfomto rotrlæil y julrilil(Bhj.
<1, ihauec (l))
`omtrc io jrlvoili io dl jrõl, dcmjhtuihmld ‐ od `omtrc dcmjhtuihmld io dl jrlvoili
foihic iosio od `omtrc io dl dæmol io rctl`hðm gl`hl od `omtrc iod posc io dl pdufl
`cfpdotlfomto rotrlæil y julrilil (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
`omtrc io jrlvoili io dl jrõl, vorth`ld ‐ od `omtrc vorth`ld io jrlvoili foihic iosio dl
suporbh`ho iod flr`c c also gl`hl od `omtrc iod posc io dl pdufl `cfpdotlfomto rotrlæil
y julrilil (Bhj. <1 ihauec (l))
ldturl io dl jrõl - foih`hðm tctld io dl ldturl iosio dl suporbh`ho iod flr`c also io dl
jrõl gl`hl od pumtc fìs ldtc io dl jrõl `ulmic dl pdufl ostì `cfpdotlfomto rotrlæil y
julrilil. (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l)).
uah`l`hðm iod `omtrc io dæmol io rctl`hðm, dcmjhtuihmld - dl ihstlm`hl plrldodl
plrldodl gcrhzcmtld
l dl dæmol dcmjhtuihmld `omtrld iod `glshs iod oeo trlsorc iod `glshs l dl dæmol `omtrld iod
fìsthd
dæmol `omtrld io rctl`hðm - od oeo vorth`ld iod fìsthd scaro od quo jhrl (Bhj. <1 ihauec (l))
prcbumihili io dl jrõl ‐ ospl`hc io dl vhjl io suspomshðm plrl jrõls io pc`l ihstlm`hl
(Bhj. <1, ihauec (`))
odovl`hðm pcr ioalec io dl gcrhzcmtld ‐ od iospdlzlfhomtc iod jlm`gc plrl um ios`omsc
fìxhfc pcr ioalec io dl gcrhzcmtld (Bhj. <9)
odovl`hðm pcr om`hfl io dl gcrhzcmtld ‐ od iospdlzlfhomtc io dl jrõl plrl uml odovl`hðm
fìxhfl pcr om`hfl io dl gcrhzcmtld (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
ldturl iod `glshs - dl ldturl io dl plrto suporhcr iod rhod iod `glshs pcr om`hfl iod mhvod iod
suodc (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
vcdlihzc iodlmtorc ‐dl ihstlm`hl iosio od prhfor oeo
oeo iodlmtorc io dl `lahml gl`hl plrto
brcmtld iod `lfhðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
ihstlm`hl iod suodc ‐ dl ihstlm`hl io dl plrto fìs alel io dl jrõl gl`hl od suodc (Bhj. <1,
ihauec (l))
mhvod iod suodc ‐ dl suporbh`ho (so lsufo quo os pdlml y mhvodlil)om icmio od vogæ`udc so
lpcyl (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
lprcxhfl`hðm iod jlm`gc, gcrhzcmtld y vorth`ld ‐ dl ihstlm`hl gcrhzcmtld iosio dl dæmol
`omtrld io rctl`hðm gl`hl dl dæmol `omtrld iod phm iod jlm`gc y dl ihstlm`hl vorth`ld iosio
dl jrõl fcmtlil om dl suporbh`ho
suporbh`ho gl`hl dl dæmol `omtrld
`omtrld iod phm iod jlm`gc `ulmic od
prhfor arlzc ostì om su fìxhfl odovl`hðm, y od sojumic arlzc ostì tctldfomto rotrlæil,
y tcils dls oxtomshcmos io dl pdufl ostìm tctldfomto rotrlæils (Bhj. <0)
ldturl iod jlm`gc, rotrl``hðm fìxhfl ‐ dl ldturl pcr om`hfl iosio dl dæmol `omtrld iod
ostlahdhzlicr gl`hl od `omtrc iod phm iod jlm`gc tomhomic dcs arlzc osthrlics y dls
so``hcmos rotrlæils om uml fìxhfl odovl`hðm(Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ldturl iod jlm`gc, fìxhfc io dl prhforl oxtomshðm ‐ dl ldturl pcr om`hfl iosio dl dæmol
`omtrld iod ostlahdhzlicr gl`hl od `omtrc iod phm iod jlm`gc tomhomic dcs arlzc osthrlics
glstl prhforl oxtomshðm sldhomto y dls iofìs so``hcmos rotrlæils om uml fìxhfl
odovl`hðm(B hj. <1, ihauec (a))
ldturl iod jlm`gc, fìxhfc io dl sojumil oxtomshðm ‐ dl ldturl pcr om`hfl iosio dl dæmol
`omtrld iod ostlahdhzlicr gl`hl od `omtrc iod phm iod jlm`gc tomhomic dcs arlzc osthrlics
<:
G0
G9
FC
[
Q
QQ
Q<
Q1
Q0
Q9
QC
P
Z
ZA
glstl dl sojumil oxtomshðm sldhomto y dls iofìs so``hcmos rotrlæils om uml fìxhfl
odovl`hðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ldturl iod jlm`gc, fìxhfc io dl tor`orl oxtomshðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ldturl fìxhfl, fìxhfc io dl `ulrtl oxtomshðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
fìsthd iosvhlic ‐ dl ihstlm`hl gcrhzcmtld foihic iosio od `omtrc io dl also glstl od oeo
iod `glshs iod vogæ`udc (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ostlahdhzlicr vorth`ld io iospdlzlfhomtc ‐ dl ihstlm`hl foihil iosio od pumtc fìs alec
iod ostlahdhzlicr gl`hl dl jltl iod vìstljc vorth`ld quo so lpcyl om od suodc, puihèmicso
`cmshiorlrso glstl su oxtomshðm `cfpdotl(Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
rlihc io dl `lrjl ‐ dl ihstlm`hl gcrhzcmtld iosio dl dæmol `omtrld io rctl`hðm io dl jrõl l
dl dæmol `omtrld iod phm iod jlm`gc om `uldquhor pcsh`hðm io dl pdufl (BHJ. <1
<1,, IHA_EC (A))
ld`lm`o gcrhzcmtld, rotrlæic - dl ihstlm`hl iosio dl dæmol `omtrld io rctl`hðm io dl jrõl l
dl dæmol `omtrld iod phm iod jlm`gc io dl jrõl tomhomic tcils dcs arlzcs gcrhzcmtldos y
tcils dls oxtomshcmos tctldfomto rotrlæils (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ld`lm`o gcrhzcmtld, prhforl oxtomshðm ‐ dl ihstlm`hl iosio dl dæmol `omtrld io rctl`hðm io
dl jrõl l dl dæmol `omtrld
`omtrld iod phm iod jlm`gc io dl jrõl tomhomic tcils dcs arlzcs
gcrhzcmtldos, dl prhforl oxtomshðm y dls iofìs
iofìs oxtomshcmos rotrlæils
rotrlæils (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ld`lm`o gcrhzcmtld, sojumil oxtomshðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ld`lm`o gcrhzcmtld, tor`orl oxtomshðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
ld`lm`o gcrhzcmtld, `ulrtl oxtomshðm (Bhj. <1, ihauec (a))
vcdlihzc trlsorc ‐dl
‐dl ihstlm`hl iosio dl plrto fìs trlsorl iod vogæ`udc c io dl jrõl iotrìs
iod oeo trlsorc ld `omtrc iod oeo trlsorc om dl pcsh`hðm io iospdlzlfhomtc iod oquhpc (Bhj.
<1, ihauec (l))
oxtomshðm iod ostlahdhzlicr - dl ihstlm`hl foihil omtro dls dæmols `omtrldos io dc
dcss vìstljcs
vorth`ldos lpcylics om od mhvod iod suodc l uml oxtomshðm fìxhfl (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
lm`gc io dl umhili om dl pcsh`hðm mc hmstldlil (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
ihstlm`hl omtro oeos (Bhj. <1, ihauec (l))
BHJ. <1 IOBHMH@HCMOP IO DLP OP[O@HBH@L@HCMOP IO DLP JQÕLP LQYH@_DLILP
<7
BHJ. <1 IOBHMH@CMOP IO OP[O@HBH@L@HCMOP [LQL JQÕLP IO LQYH@_DL@HÐM (@cmthmul`hðm)
<8
BHJ. <1 IOBHMH@CMOP IO OP[O@HBH@L@HCMOP [LQL JQÕLP IO LQYH@_DL@HÐM (@cmthmul`hðm)
BHJ. <0 LD@LM@O IOD JLM@GC
1;
BHJ. <9 ODORL@HCM [CQ IOALEC IO DL GCQHUCMYLD
BHJ. <? ODORL@HCM [CQ OM@HFL IO DL GCQHUCMYLD
Bum`hcmlfhomtc io dl jrõl iosio dl thorrl c od suodc5 dls `cmih`hcmos om dls quo uml jrõl ostì
roldhzlmic bum`hcmos iomtrc iod ìfahtc iod ihsoüc crhjhmld. Alec ostls `cmih`hcmos, od c
cporlicr
porlicr
1<
ostì om dcs `cmtrcdos io bum`hcmlfhomtc fcmtlics om dl jrõl, porc os cporlic `cm od cporlicr
buorl io dl jrõl y `cm mhmjuml ctrl porscml om dl jrõl.
Bum`hcmlfhomtc io dl jrõl io bcrfl rofctl5 dls `cmih`hcmos om dls quo dl jrõl ostì roldhzlmic
bum`hcmos iomtrc iod ìfahtc iod ihsoüc crhjhmld. Alec ostls `cmih`hcmos, od cporlicr ostì om dcs
`cmtrcdos io bum`hcmlfhomtc quo mc ostìm ihro`tlfomto fcmtlils l `uldquhor plrto io dl jrõl
y `cm mhmjuml ctrl porscml om dl jrõl.
[dufl oxtorhcr5 od fhofarc ostru`turld, ligorhic l dl pdufl hmtorml, quo scpcrtl od todos`cphc
(eha accf).
<.
1. Ostlahdhzlicr
[dltc ostlahdhzlicr
0. @hdhmirc ostlahdhzlicr, vorth`ld
11
9. _mhili prhm`hpld c also
?. Puspomshðm io ostlahdhzlicr
2. Yhpc io `hdhmirc io rctl`hðm (rctl`hðm)
:. Fìsthd, pdltlbcrfl jhrltcrhl
7. @cmtrcdos
8. @hdhmirc odovlicr iod prhfor arlzc
<;. [hvcto iod prhfor arlzc
<<. [rhfor arlzc
<1. @hdhmirc iod sojumic arlzc
<0. [hvcto iod sojumic arlzc
<9. Pojumic arlzc
<?. @hdhmirc iod todos`cphc c pdufl
<2. [hvct iod todos`cphc
<:. Yodos`cphc
<7. @hdhmirc io oxtomshðm io dl pdufl
<8. Oxtomshcmos io dl pdufl (umc c fìs)
1;. Jlm`gc io dl `lrjl
1<. L``hcmlfhomtc io rctl`hðm (rctl`hðm, thpc io `lel io omjrlmleos
11. @hdhmirc ostlahdhzlicr, gcrhzcmtld
10. Zhm`go
BHJ. <2 FCFOM@DLY_QL [LQL DLP JQÕLP LQYH@_DLILP
@hdhmirc iod sojumic arlzc5 od `hdhmirc ghirìudh`c quo dovlmtl y ios`homio od sojumic arlzc `cm
rodl`hðm ld prhfor arlzc.
phvcto iod sojumic arlzc5 od phm gcrhzcmtld scaro od quo so odovl y ios`homio od sojumic arlzc
om rodl`hðm ld prhfor arlzc
`lrjl õthd5 dl `lrjl c `lrjls shomic trlmspcrtlils pcr od `glshs io dcs `lfhcmos `cfor`hldos io
um dujlr l ctrc.
porscml `ldhbh`lil5 uml porscml quo, pcr dl pcsoshðm io um ihpdcfl ro`cmc`hic om um `lfpc io
lpdh`l`hðm c io um `orthbh`lic io prcboshcmld, c pcr um lfpdhc `cmc`hfhomtc, bcrfl`hðm y
oxporhom`hl, gl iofcstrlic `cm èxhtc dl `lpl`hili io roscdvor c scdu`hcmlr prcadofls
rodl`hcmlics `cm od lsumtc y od trlalec.
Qoovhmj5 um shstofl io `lados, om dl `uld od `lado io iospdlzl ldroioicr io dcs tlfacros y dls
pcdols.
@lado5 so robhoro ld `lado fotìdh`c l fomcs quo so ospo`hbhquo dc `cmtrlrhc.
@lado roshstomto l dl rctl`hðm5 um tomihic io `lados quo `cmstl io uml `lpl hmtorml
hmtorml io
bhdlfomtcs om uml ihro``hðm `uahortc pcr uml `lpl io ghdcs tomihics om dl ihro``hðm cpuostl>
ostc thomo od obo`tc io `cmtrlrrostlr od tcrquo, roiu`homic dl tomiom`hl io dcs l`lalics iod `lado
plrl jhrlr.
@lado om cporl`hðm5 um `lado quo so iospdlzl ldroioicr io pcdols c tlfacros.
Ioao c Ioaorì5 hmih`l quo dl mcrfl os cadhjltcrhl y ioao sor sojuhil.
10
[cdol5 uml ruoil `cm rlmurl c pcdol/rcdilml
pcdol/rcdilml pcr icmio od `lado so
so iospdlzl.
[uoio5 hmih`l quo dl mcrfl os uml ro`cfomil`hðm, dl `cmvomhom`hl iopomio io dls
`hr`umstlm`hls io `lil shtul`hðm y io dc quo hmihquo od blarh`lmto.
@lrjl dltorld5 uml `lrjl lpdh`lil l um ìmjudc iod pdlmc vorth`ld io dl pdufl.
Ostlahdhili5 uml `cmih`hðm om dl `uld dl sufl io dcs fcfomtcs quo thomiom ld ostlic io vuod`c
iod oquhpc os hmborhcr l dl sufl io dcs fcfomtcs io roshstom`hl ld vuod`c.
Ostlahdhzlicr5 dcs ostlahdhzlicros scm fhofarcs
fhofarcs oxtomshados c bhecs lieum
lieumtcs
tcs dl suspomshðm io dl
also iod ostlahdhzlicr quo shrvom plrl lufomtlr dl ostlahdhili io dl jrõl, porc quo puoiom mc
tomor dl `lpl`hili io ldhvhlr tcic od posc io dls ruoils.
@hdhmirc ostlahdhzlicr gcrhzcmtld5 um `hdhmirc ghirìudh`c quo oxthomio od ostlahdhzlicr.
@hdhmirc ostlahdhzlicr vorth`ld5 um `hdhmirc ghirìudh`c quo ios`homio od pdltc ostlahdhzlicr
ostlahdhzlicr l dl
suporbh`ho io dl thorrl.
[dltc ostlahdhzlicr5 od fhofarc ostru`turld quo ihstrhauyo dl umhili io `lrjl gl`hl dl suporbh`ho
io dl thorrl.
Jrõl ostìmilr5 sojõm dc iobhmhic pcr
pcr od blarh`lmto.
@cfpotom`hl ostru`turld5 dl `lpl`hili io dl fìquhml y sus `cfpcmomtos plrl roshsthr od ostrès
hfpuostc pcr dls `lrjls lpdh`lils iomtrc io dcs vldcros io dl jrõl.
Pwhmj (rctl`hðm)5 dl rctl`hðm iod fìsthd y dl pdufl plrl od fcvhfhomtc io `lrjls om ihro``hðm
gcrhzcmtld scaro od oeo io rctl`hðm.
Pwhmj (rctl`hðm) dcs `hdhmircs5 ics `hdhmircs cpuostcs io shfpdo obo`tc quo l`tõlm om uml
trlmsfhshðm quo omjlm`gl od phüðm iod fìsthd c tcrmlfosl io dl jrõl.
fo`lmhsfc io swhmj (rctl`hðm)5 od `cmeumtc io ihspcshthvcs
ihspcshthvcs quo plrth`hplm
plrth`hplm plrl dl rctl`hðm io
dl tcrmlfosl y dl pdufl.
Jhrltcrhl5 um l``oscrhc io hzleo quo porfhto dl rctl`hðm io dl `lrjl om um pdlmc porpomih`udlr l
dl ihro``hðm io dl `lrjl.
Jhrltcrhls5 dl rctl`hðm iod adcquo iod jlm`gc scaro su oeo io suspomshðm
suspomshðm om rodl`hðm `cm dls
dæmols io `lrjl (s).
[dufl todos`ðph`l5 `cmshsto io uml pdufl quo l plrthr io dl `uld uml c fìs so``hcmos io dl pdufl
scm todos`ðph`ls plrl uml dcmjhtui lih`hcmld.
Yomiom`hl l vcd`lrso5 vèlso ostlahdhili.
trlmspcrto5 od trlsdlic c trlmspcrto io uml jrõl io um dujlr l ctrc dujlr.
iospdlzlfhomtc5 dl bum`hðm io dl fìquhml fcvhèmicso pcr su prcphl pctom`hl c pcr sus prcphcs
foihcs io um dujlr l ctrc.
19
`lrl`toræsth`l io provom`hðm io ilücs iod lmth-twc-adc`n 5 um shstofl quo iotomirì od oquhpc sh
c`urro od adcquoc iod lmth-twc-adc`n, shm `luslr ilücs ld `lado iod whm`go c l dcs `cfpcmomtos
io dl jrõl.
Lmth-twc-adc`n5 dl `cmih`hðm om dl quo dl plsto`l c jlm`gc
jlm`gc omtrl om `cmtl`tc `cm dl plrto
suporhcr iod `cmeumtc io pcdol om dl mlrhz io dl pdufl.
Ihstlm`hl omtro oeos5 dl ihstlm`hl omtro `omtrcs io dcs oeos iodlmtorc y trlsorc. [lrl um fcmtleo
io fõdthpdos oeos, so tcfl dl foihil iod oeo iod `omtrc io dl ihstlm`hl omtro oeos om od pumtc
foihc iod fcmtleo.
[osc io dl jrõl5 od posc io dl jrõl `cm pdufl lrth`udlil ostìmilr iod blarh`lmto. Dhsto pcr
soplrlic, dcs poscs io dcs ætofs cp`hcmldos tldos `cfc dl acfal ghirìudh`l, l`ohto ghirìudh`c,
`cmtrlposc, dlstro, l``oscrhcs y oquhpcs lülihics pcr od hmstldlicr.
Zhm`go (whm`go)5 um fctcr io tlfacr c altoræl `lplz io dovlmtlr y alelr `lrjls.
Po``hðm 11-;.05 Qoborom`hls
Iomtrc iod toxtc, so gl`o roborom`hl l dls shjuhomtos puadh`l`hcmos, `uyls `cphls puoiom
catomorso om dls oihtcrhldos, `cfc so hmih`l.
Ioplrtlfomtc io Ostìmilros io Yrlmspcrto io dcs Ostlics _mhics.
Oihtcrhld5 Puporhmtomiomto io Ic`ufomtcs, Cbh`hml io Hfproshðm iod Jcahormc Ostlicumhiomso,
Zlsghmjtcm, I@. 1;9;1
LMPH / LZP I<9.0-71, Ospo`hbh`l`hcmos io scdiliurl plrl flquhmlrhl io `cmstru``hðm y
fcvhfhomtc io thorrl. ¸
Oihtcrhld5 Lforh`lm Zodihmj Pc`hoty, ??; MZ Do Eoumo Qcli, Fhlfh, BD 00<0?
LMPH / PLO E:2?.C`t8;, @ðihjc io [ruoal io ostlahdhili io dl jrõl io `lrjl¸
LMPH / PLO E<;20-C`t7;, @lmthdovoroi arlzc io jrõl Ptru`turos - Fètcic io pruoal ¸
Oihtcr5 Pc`hoty cb Lutcfcthvo Omjhmoors. Hm`., 9;; @cffcmwoldtg Irhvo, Zwlrrlmildo, [L
<?;82
LPFO A0;.8-<882, Osdhmjls ¸
LFO A0;.<;-<880, Jlm`gcs ¸
Oihtcrhld5 Dl Pc`hoili Lforh`lml io Hmjomhorcs Fo`ìmh`cs, Ygroo [lrn Lvomuo, Muovl Xcrn, MX
<;;<2> Ioplrtlfomtc io Criom5 11 io dl Doy Irhvo, Acx 10;;, Blhrbhodi, ME ;:;;:.
¸Ylfahèm puoio sor catomhic l trlvès io Lforh`lm Mlthcmld Ptlmilris Hmsthtuto,
Hmsthtuto, << Zost 91mi Ptroot, Muovl Xcrn, MX <;;02.
@lpætudc 11-<
@cmstru``hðm y @lrl`toræsth`ls
Po``hðm 11-<.<5 Rldcros io `lrjl
11-<.<.< Dl Rldcrl`hðm io `lrjl
` lrjl icmio dl ostlahdhili iotorfhml od romihfhomtc io dl odovl`hðm.
1?
(l) Od flrjom io ostlahdhili plrl dl iotorfhml`hðm io dcs vldcros io dl `lrjl, `cm dls
pdufls io uml dcmjhtui iotorfhmlil `cm um rlihc io trlalec osthpudlic plrl dcs ihvorscs thpcs
io jrõls fcmtlils, so ostlado`o tcflmic um pcr`omtleo io dls `lrjls quo prciu`hrì uml
`cmih`hðm io vcd`liurl c iosoquhdharhc `cm dl pdufl om dl ihro``hðm fomcs ostlado, om rodl`hðm
`cm dl ostru`turl io jhrc iod oquhpc. Dcs vldcros io dl `lrjl mc ioaorì suporlr dcs shjuhomtos
pcr`omtleos io jrõls, iurlmto dl pruoal io `cmbcrfhili `cm LMPH / PLO E:2? plrl hmih`lics
thpcs io fcmtleo.
Yhpcs io jrõl fcmtlils
@lfhðm `cfor`hld fcmtlic scaro jrõl
`cm ostlahdhzlicros oxtomihics y bhecs
Lutcfctcr, shm ostlahdhzlicr io lpcyc iod (Mctl (<))
Yrl`tcr crujl(`rlwdor)shm ostlahdhzlicr io lpcyc
Yrl`tcr crujl, uthdhzlmic ostlahdhzlicros
`cfpdotlfomto oxtomihic y bhecs
Quoils fcmtlils shm ostlahdhzlicros io lpcyc
Quoils fcmtlils uthdhzlmic ostlahdhzlicros
`cfpdotlfomto oxtomihic y bhecs
Rldcros io `lrjl fìxhfl %
7?
7?
:?
7?
:?
7?
MCYL5
(<) @cfc foihil io pro`lu`hðm, fhomtrls so pruoal plrl vldcros dharos, dcs ostlahdhzlicros
ioaom lpdh`lrso vljlfomto5 od `lrrhd io sueo`hðm mc ioao uthdhzlrso.
(a) Dl obh`l`hl io ostcs bl`tcros io ostlahdhili lmtorhcros so vorì hmbduhic pcr bl`tcros
supdofomtlrhcs tldos `cfc dls `lrjls dharofomto suspomihils, rhodos, vhomtc c dls `cmih`hcmos
iod suodc> `cmih`hðm io hmbdlic io moufìth`cs om `lrrotorl ilils pcr od blarh`lmto io dl jrõl
hmih`lmic dl proshðm mcfhmld io dls ddlmtls io `lu`gc5 dcmjhtuios io dl pdufl, vodc`hilios
lprcphlils io cporl`hðm plrl dl `cmih`hðm l`tuld5 y, om jomorld, cporl`hðm `uhilicsl y
`cfpotomto.
11-<.<.1 Rldcros io dl `lrjl icmio dl `cfpotom`hl ostru`turld iotorfhml od
iosofpoüc io dl odovl`hðm
(l) Dcs vldcros io dl `lrjl plrl ldjumcs rlihcs ostìm dhfhtlics pcr dl ostlahdhili io dl
jrõl. Phm ofalrjc, om ldjumcs io dcs
dc s rlmjcs io bum`hcmlfhomtc, dcs vldcros ioaom dhfhtlrso pcr
ctrcs bl`tcros quo mc solm io ostlahdhili, tldos `cfc dls `cmih`hcmos ios`rhtls l `cmthmul`hðm.
(<) Dcs vldcros io dl `lrjl om ldjumcs rlihcs puoiom alslrso om `cfpotom`hls
ostru`turlils io dl jrõl om
om dujlr io ostlahdhili.
ostlahdhili.
(1) _m fcmtleo lshfètrh`c roquhoro uml `lrjl flycr plrl prciu`hr uml io dls
`cmih`hcmos io vuod`c om
om uml ihro``hðm ihsthmtl l dl io fomcs ostlahdhili om icmio so glm
ostlado`hic dcs vldcros io `lrjl. [cr dc tlmtc, sh dls ospo`hbh`l`hcmos io dl jrõl hm`duyom vldcros
vldcros
lih`hcmldos plrl ihro``hcmos fomcs ostlados, tldos vldcros tlfahèm puoiom sor iotorfhmlics
pcr `cfpotom`hl ostru`turld quo mc sol io ostlahdhili. [lrl tldos vldcros lih`hcmldos
ospo`hbh`lics, od ìrol io trlalec ioao io ostlr hmih`lic, y plrl lquoddcs vldcros quo puoiom sor
iotorfhmlics pcr od vuod`c io dls `lrjls, dcs bl`tcros
bl`tcros io pcr`omtleo lpdh`lados om od pìrrlbc 11<.<.< (l) mc pcirì suporlrso.
(a) [lrl tcils
dls lpdh`l`hcmos
pcr od blarh`lmto,
mc ioaom
suporlrso.cporl`hcmldos, dcs vldcros io dl jrõl io `lrjl ostlado`hics
11-<.<.0 Yladl io vldcros io `lrjl
12
(l) _ml tladl c tladls io vldcros iurliorcs `cm dotrls y `hbrls ioaom hm
hm`duhrso
`duhrso `cm `lil
jrõl y so lieumtl om um dujlr vhshado plrl od cporlicr, fhomtrls so om`uomtro om dcs `cmtrcdos.
Dcs iltcs y dl hmbcrfl`hðm quo ioaom bl`hdhtlrso om ostls tladls ioaom hm`duhr, shm dhfhtlrso l, dc
shjuhomto5
(<) um rlmjc io dcs vldcros io `lrjl io dl jrõl ilils pcr od blarh`lmto om rlihcs io
bum`hcmlfhomtc osthpudlics, ìrols io trlalec, dcmjhtuios io pdufl, `cmbhjurl`hcmos y
dcmjhtuios io arlzc>
(1) om dls zcmls icmio mc so flmhpudl `lrjl c mc so ios`homio `lrjls, um jrìbh`c iod
ìrol io trlalec c dl tladl io dcs vldcros io `lrjl ioaom fcstrlso>
(0) dcs roovhmj (shstofl io lrflic io `lado plrl dl pdufl) ro`cfomilics plrl dls dæmols
io dls jrõls ioaom fcstrlrso sh dl jrõl ostì oquhplil `cm um whm`go.
(<) tladl io proshðm io ddlmtl ro`cfomilil, sh lpdh`l>
(1) mctls `lutodlros c mctls io livortom`hl om rodl`hðm `cm dls dhfhtl`hcmos io dcs
oquhpcs y prc`oihfhomtcs cporlthvcs>
(0) dl fìxhfl dcmjhtui todos`ðph`l io iospdlzlfhomtc io `lil so``hðm io dl pdufl>
(9) sh dls so``hcmos scm todos`ðph`ls l``hcmlils l trlvès io pctom`hl c scm flmuldos>
(?) Po`uom`hl y prc`oihfhomtc plrl dl oxtomshðm y rotrl``hðm io dl so``hðm todos`ðph`l
io dl pdufl>
(2) @lrjl fìxhfl porfhthil iurlmto od bum`hcmlfhomtc rold io dl oxtomshðm io dl pdufl,
y `uldquhor dhfhtl`hðm io dls `cmih`hcmos c livortom`hls>
(:) `cmbhjurl`hðm ospo`hbh`lil io dl vìdvudl ghirìudh`l pcr od blarh`lmto>
(7) sh dl jrõl ostì oquhplil `cm um fo`lmhsfc odovlicr io `lrjl, dls plrtos
ro`cfomilils iod whm`go plrl od lrflic io `lado plrl dl pdufl (gchst roovhmj), od tlflüc, dl
iurl`hðm y od thpc io `lado plrl ihvorsls jrõls io `lrjls y ihljrlfl iod gchst roovhmj
ro`cfomilic.
Po``hðm 11-<.15 Odovl`hðm io dl pdufl, [dufl Yodos`ðph`l y Fo`lmhsfc io odovl`hðm io dl
`lrjl
11-<.1.< Fo`lmhsfc io odovl`hðm io dl pdufl hmtorhcr y oxtorhcr
(l) Od `hdhmirc iod prhfor arlzc, iod sojumic arlzc y od `hdhmirc(s) io dl pdufl sorìm
`lpl`os io odovlr, ios`omior y `cmtrcdlr dls pdufls `cm `lrjl mcfhmld y ioaorìm
sor `lplz io scstomor dl pdufl y dl `lrjl mcfhmld shm l``hðm pcr od cporlicr.
(a) _m ihspcshthvc io rotom`hðm Hmtojrldfomto fcmtlic (tldos `cfc dl vìdvudl io
rotom`hðm io dl `lrjl c vìdvudl `go`n) so l`cmi`hcmlrì om od `hdhmirc (s) plrl ovhtlr
od ios`omsc hm`cmtrcdlic io dl pdufl (s) om od `lsc io quo blddo um `cfpcmomto iod
shstofl ghirìudh`c (pcr oeofpdc, `ulmic so ilüo uml flmjuorl).
11-<.1.1 [dufls Yodos`ðph`ls
(l) Dl oxtomshðm y dl rotrl``hðm io dls so``hcmos io dls pdufls puoiom dcjrlrso l trlvès
io flmics ghirìudh`cs, fo`ìmh`cs c flmuldos.
(a) Dls bum`hcmos l``hcmlils pcr um shstofl io pctom`hl io oxtomshðm y rotrl``hðm,
sorìm `lpl`os io `cmtrcdlr dl `lrjl mcfhmld.
(`) _m ihspcshthvc io rotom`hðm hmtojrldfomto fcmtlic (tldos `cfc dl vìdvudl io
rotom`hðm io dl `lrjl) so l`cmih`hcmlrì om od `hdhmirc (s) plrl ovhtlr od ios`omsc
hm`cmtrcdlic io dl pdufl (s) om od `lsc io quo blddo um shstofl ghirìudh`c (pcr
oeofpdc, dl rupturl io uml flmjuorl ghirìudh`l).
11-<.1.0 Fo`lmhsfc io odovl`hðm io `lrjl (Flquhmls oquhpls scdlfomto
s cdlfomto plrl dl odovl`hðm io
`lrjl)
1:
(l) Od fo`lmhsfc io odovl`hðm puoio `cmshsthr io um whm`go c `hdhmirc ghirìudh`c
`cm um shstofl io pcdols y l``oscrhcs plrl lrflr od `lado.
(a) Omslfadleo iod whm`go. Od omslfadleo iod tlfacr iod whm`go tomirì dls
`lrl`toræsth`ls io pctom`hl y io cporlthvhili plrl ddovlr l `lac tcils dls
odovl`hcmos io `lrjl y dls bum`hcmos io ios`omsc roquorhils om od sorvh`hc io
jrõl `ulmic scm cporlils alec dls `cmih`hcmos ro`cfomilils.
(<) @ulmic so uthdhzlm dcs bromcs `cm dcs tlfacros iod whm`go, quo ioaorìm sor iod tlflüc
y io dl `lpl`hili tèrfh`l mcfhmld plrl `cmtrcdlr tcils dls jrõls io `lrjls mcfhmldos
`cm um fæmhfc ro`cfomilic io l``oscrhcs plrl od lrflic iod `lado. Dcs bromcs
ioaorìm ostlr prcvhstcs io leustos, `ulmic sol mo`oslrhc, plrl `cfpomslr od hmih`licr
io iosjlsto iod bcrrc iod bromc y plrl flmtomor dl buorzl om dcs roscrtos, om icmio so
uthdhzlm.
(1) Dcs tlfacros iod whm`go tomirìm dl `lpl`hili
`lpl`h ili iod `lado `cm od tlflüc ro`cfomilic y
`cm dcs l``oscrhcs plrl od lrflic iod `lado plrl roldhzlr sorvh`hcs io jrõl iomtrc iod
rlmjc io dls dcmjhtuios io dl pdufl, cporlmic rlihcs, ls`omscs vorth`ldos y
ospo`hbh`lics pcr od blarh`lmto.
(l) Mc fomcs io ics vuodtls iod `lado ioaorì porflmo`or om od tlfacr `ulmic
od jlm`gc ostè om pcsh`hðm oxtroflilfomto alel (om od `crto dcmjhtuihmld
iod oeo io dl tcrmlfosl
tcrmlfosl `cm od jlm`gc) y dls pdufls ostèm
ostèm om dl odovl`hðm
io fìxhfl io dl oxtomshðm.
(a) Od oxtrofc iod tlfacr iod `lado ioao ostlr lm`dlic ld tlfacr pcr uml
ihspcsh`hðm ospo`hbh`lic pcr od blarh`lmto io dl jrõl c iod whm`go.
(`) Dl arhil iod tlfacr so oxtomiorì um fæmhfc </1 pudjlil (<0ff)
( <0ff) l dc dlrjc
io dl `lpl suporhcr iod `lado om tcic fcfomtc.
(0) Dcs tlfacros iod whm`go ioaorìm prosomtlr uml prhforl `lpl io ihìfotrc iod `lado mc
fomcr l <7 vo`os od ihìfotrc mcfhmld iod `lado uthdhzlic.
(9) Dcs flmics io `cmtrcd io dl `lahml iod cporlicr so bl`hdhtlrìm plrl flmtomor od tlfacr iod
jhrc io dl rctl`hðm om dl ihro``hðm io ios`omsc y sor `lplz io scstomor dl `lrjl mcfhmld, shm dl
licp`hðm io muovls foihils pcr od cporlicr.
c porlicr.
(`) @lrl`toræsth`l io provom`hðm io ilücs io lmth-twc-adc`n . Om dl lrth`udl`hðm io jrõl
oquhplil `cm um whm`go, uml `lrl`toræsth`l io provom`hðm io ilücs lmth-twc-adc`n sorì
prcvhstc. Od `crto iod bduhic om od shstofl ghirìudh`c puoio sor l`optlado.
(i) @hdhmircs `cm Qcpo Qoovhmj.
(<) Dls jrõls quo uthdhzlm um fo`lmhsfc io dovlmtlfhomtc io `lrjl `cm `hdhmircs ghirìudh`cs y
rcpo roovhmj tomirìm od pcior y dls `lrl`toræsth`ls
`lrl`toræsth`ls cporlthvls plrl ddovlr l `lac tcils dls
odovl`hcmos io `lrjl y `cmtrcdlr dls bum`hcmos io ios`omsc mo`oslrhls om od sorvh`hc io jrõl
`ulmic scm cporlils alec `cmih`hcmos
`cmih`hc mos ro`cfomilils.
(1) Dcs `hdhmircs ioaom ostlr oquhplics `cm um ihspcshthvc
ihspcshthvc io rotom`hðm plrl provomhr od
ios`omsc hm`cmtrcdlic io dl `lrjl om `lsc io quo ldjuml dæmol ghirìudh`l blddo.
(0) Od `hdhmirc odovlicr io dl `lrjl ioaorì sor `lplz io flmtomor dl `lrjl mcfhmld shm l``hðm iod
cporlicr.
Po``hðm 11-<.05 Fo`lmhsfc io jhrc
11-<.0.< @cmtrcd io jhrc. Od fo`lmhsfc io jhrc ioaorì `cfomzlr y iotomorso `cm dl
l`odorl`hðm y iosl`odorl`hðm `cmtrcdlil.
11-<.0.1 Foihcs io bromlic plrl od jhrc y ihspcshthvcs io adcquoc
(l) Po bl`hdhtlrì um flmic plrl adcquolr od jhrc om lfals ihro``hcmo
ihro``hcmoss y plrl rostrhmjhr od
fcvhfhomtc io rctl`hðm iod fìsthd, `ulmic so om`uomtro om `cmih`hcmos mcrfldos io
17
bum`hcmlfhomtc. Dcs foihcs io bromc sorìm `lpl`os io sor puostc om pcsh`hðm io osporl
y porflmo`or shm dl licp`hðm io muovls foihils pcr od cporlicr.
(a) _m ihspcshthvc io adcquoc c scpcrto io dl pdufl so bl`hdhtlrì plrl provomhr dl rctl`hðm
io dl pdufl `ulmic so om`uomtrl julril y ihspuostl plrl od trlsdlic io um pumtc l ctrc
c trc
om um dujlr io trlalec.
Po``hðm5_ml
11-<.95
io dl `lfhðm
jrõl `cfor`hld ioaorìm `ufpdhr `cm dcs roquhshtcs
jrõlYrlmspcrto
fcmtlil scaro
lpdh`lados io dcs Ostìmilros iod Ioplrtlfomtc
Ioplrtlfomtc io Yrlmspcrto io dcs OO.__.
Po``hðm 11-<.?5 @lados y l``oscrhcs plrl od lrflic io `lado
11-<.?.< Bl`tcros plrl od ihsoüc iod `lado
(l) [lrl scpcrtlr dls `lrjls mcfhmldos y plrl scpcrtlr dl pdufl y dcs lihtlfomtcs io
trlalec om iospdlzlfhomtcs c pcsh`hðm io trìmshtc y dcmjhtuios io pdufl.
(<) Od bl`tcr io ihsoüc plrl `lados om oeo`u`hðm quo do ilm vuodtls l tlfacr c so
iospdlzlm scaro pcdols mc sorì fomcr
fomcr l 0.?>
(1) od bl`tcr io ihsoüc `lados ostìth`cs quo scsthomom dl pdufl c `lados
porflmomtos mc ioao sor hmborhcr l 0,;.
(a) [lrl scpcrtlr dls `lrjls mcfhmldos, dcs `lados roshstomtos l dl rctl`hðm ioaom io
um bl`tcr
io ihsoüc
io ? c suporhcr.
(`) tomor
Od bl`tcr
io ihsoüc
io
ospo`hbh`lic
ospo`hbh`lic
om dcs pìrrlbcs 11-<.?.<(l), (1) y (a) sorì od
"mcfhmld" tctld iod osbuorzc io rupturl io
io tcics dcs `lados om od shstofl, ihvhihic
pcr dl `lrjl hfpuostl ld shstofl io `lado `ulmic scpcrto od posc ostìth`c io dl
ostru`turl y dl `lrjl mcfhmld.
11-<.?.1 @lados
(l) Dcs `lados ioaorìm sor io uml `cmstru``hðm ro`cfomilic pcr od blarh`lmto io dl jrõl c
iod `lado, c uml porscml `ldhbh`lil plrl oso sorvh`hc.
(a) Od muic io `lado so ddovlrì l `lac sojõm dc ro`cfomilic pcr od blarh`lmto iod fcmtleo
c uml porscml `ldhbh`lil.
(`) Ph dl `lrjl os lpcylil pcr fìs io uml plrto iod `lado, dl tomshðm om dls plrtos sorì
hjuldlic.
(i) Phofpro quo od `lado sol oxpuostc l tofporlturl lfahomto pcr om`hfl io <7;»B
(71»@), ioaorìm uthdhzlrso od `lado `cm um ldlfaro hmiopomihomto- c um `criðm
fotìdh`c u ctrcs mõ`docs roshstomtos l ilücs.
(o) @lados roshstomtos l dl rctl`hðm y `lados `cm ldfl io bharl mc ioaorìm uthdhzlrso plrl
shstofls io oxtomshðm io pdufl c plrl scstomor dl pdufl.
11-<.?.0 L``oscrhcs io lrflic io `lado
(l) Dcs ofpldfos iod celd so glrìm io dl flmorl ro`cfomili pcr od blarh`lmto iod `lado
c io dl jrõl, c uml porscml `ldhbh`lil y dcs ioildos ioaorìm uthdhzlrso om od celd.
(a) Dcs sueotlicros iod `lado fotìdh`c (`dhp c‖porrc‖) ioao sor io l`orc ostlfplicostlfplic bcrelic om `ldhomto io uml _ shfpdo shm scdilr (pormc ‐_).
‐_). Mc ioaorì uthdhzlrso `dhps
` dhps
io l`orc bumihic fldolado.
fldolado. [lrl od ospl`hlfhomtc, od mõforc io sueotlicros,
sueotlicros, y
vldcros iod tcrquo, glarì quo roborhrso l dls ro`cfomil`hcmos iod
iod blarh`lmto. Dcs
sueotlicros iod `lado fotìdh`c lieumtcs `cm dcs pormcs-_ tomirìm dcs pormcs-_
scaro od oxtrofc hml`thvc iod `lado y od `lado vhvc ropcslic om od sueotlicr. Dcs `dhps
18
ioaom leustlrso umhbcrfofomto plrl od tcrquo ro`cfomilic. Duojc io quo dl
prhforl `lrjl os lpdh`lil ld `lado, dls tuor`ls iod `dhp ioaom
ioaom roleustlrso plrl od
od
tcrquo ro`cfomilic plrl `cfpomslr `uldquhor ihsfhmu`hðm iod ihìfotrc iod `lado
`luslic pcr dl `lrjl. Dls tuor`ls io dcs `dhps iod `lado ioaom roleustlrso
porhðih`lfomto plrl `cfpomslr `uldquhor ihsfhmu`hðm buturl om od ihìfotrc iod
`lado `luslic pcr od usc.
(`) L``oscrhcs io ofpldfos, `cfprhfhics c muic
muic io `uül sorìm lpdh`lics `cfc dc
ro`cfhomil od blarh`lmto iod `lado, io dl jrõl c io dcs l``oscrhcs, c uml porscml
`ldhbh`lil.
(i) Dcs `dhps iod `lado fotìdh`c eumtc `cm um muic io `uül ioaorì ostlr scdlfomto
ligorhic ld oxtrofc iod `lado ios`lrjlic.
11-<.?.9 [cdols
(l) Dls rlmurls io dls pcdols mc ioaorìm tomor iobo`tcs suporbh`hldos quo puoilm prcvc`lr
ilücs om od `lado. Od rlihc io dl so``hðm trlmsvorsld om dl plrto hmborhcr io dl rlmurl om
icmio lshomtl od `lado ioao sor iod tlflüc
tlflüc iod`lado uthdhzlic, y dcs dlics
dlics io dl rlmurl
ioaom sor `ðmh`l pcr buorl plrl bl`hdhtlr dl omtrlil iod `lado om dl rlmurl io dl pcdol.
Dls osquhmls io dl pcdol ioaom sor roicmils y dcs acrios ioaom ostlr
ostlr ldhmolics
vorth`ldfomto scaro od oeo io dl rctl`hðm.
(a) Dls pcdols quo ddovlm
ddovlm dcs `lados quo fcfomtìmolfomto puoiom sor ios`lrjlics,
ios`lrjlics,
ioaorìm ostlr prcvhstcs io uml prcto``hðm c jurlils ahom leustlil u ctrc ihspcshthvc
plrl juhlr od `lado io muovc om dl rlmurl `ulmic dl `lrjl so vuodvo l lpdh`lr.
(`) Dls pcdols om dl plrto alel iod adcquo io `lrjl (plsto`l) ioaorì ostlr oquhplic `cm
uml julril ahom leustlil, quo ovhtlrì quo od `lado so ltcro
ltc ro `ulmic od adcquo yl`o om od
suodc `cm dcs `lados suodtcs.
(i) Ycics dcs `cehmotos io dl pcdol, `cm ox`op`hðm io dcs `cehmotos porflmomtofomto
duarh`lics, ioaorìm ostlr prcvhstcs io foihcs plrl duarh`l`hðm.
duarh`l` hðm.
11-<.?.?. Ylflüc io dls pcdols
(l) Dls pcdols io odovl`hðm io `lrjl ioaorìm tomor ihìfotrcs prhfhthvcs mc fomcr l <7
vo`os od ihìfotrc mcfhmld iod `lado uthdhzlic.
(a) Dls pcdols iod adcquo hmborhcr tomirìm um ihìfotrc prhfhthvc mc fomcr l <2 vo`os od
ihìfotrc mcfhmld iod `lado uthdhzlic.
(`) Dls pcdols iod shstofl io oxtomshðm io dl pdufl tomirìm um ihìfotrc mc fomcr l
<? vo`os od ihìfotrc mcfhmld iod `lado.
11-<.?.2 Jlm`gc io `lrjl, `cmeumtc io `cehmotos y adcquos io `lrjl. Dcs jlm`gcs io `lrjl, od
`cmeumtc io `cehmotos y dcs adcquos io `lrjl ioaorìm sor io um posc subh`homto plrl rovhslr dl
dæmol io dl pcsh`hðm fìs ldtl iod jlm`gc io dl pdufl c dcmjhtuios iod arlzc y od mõforc io plrtos
io dl dæmol om usc. Ycics dcs jlm`gcs y `cmeumtc io `cehmotos y adcquos io `lrjl ioaom ostlr
othquotlics `cm su `lpl`hili mcfhmld y posc. Dcs jlm`gcs ioaom ostlr oquhplics `cm `orrcecs
l fomcs quo dl lpdh`l`hðm gljl quo od usc
usc io io dcs `orrcecs sol hfprì`th`c. Phofpro quo sol
mo`oslrhc, od sueotlicr quo os od puomto io dl laorturl io dl jlrjlmtl iod jlm`gc ioaorì
flmtomor dls osdhmjls u ctrcs ihspcshthvcs io odovl`hðm, alec dls `cmih`hcmos io gcdjurl
(robhèrlso l LPFO A0;.<;)
Po``hðm 11-<.25 @cmtrcdos
(l) Dcs `cmtrcdos aìsh`cs uthdhzlics iurlmto od `h`dc io cporl`hðm io dl jrõl sorìm
uah`lics iomtrc iod ld`lm`o iod cporlicr,
cporlicr, om dl `lahml iod cporlicr y oothquotlics
thquotlics
om `ulmtc l sus bum`hcmos ioshjmlils.
0;
(a) Dcs `cmtrcdos plrl od —jhrc‖, —prhfor arlzc‖, —sojumic arlzc‖, —pdufl
— pdufl c todos`cphc‖,
—oxtomshðm io dl pdufl‖ y —oquhpc ghirìudh`c cp`hcmld‖ sorìm prcvhstcs `cm
ihspcshthvcs plrl flmtomor om pcsh`hðm moutrld shm od usc io sueotlicros.
(`) Jrõl cporlils io bcrfl rofctl sorìm oquhplils `cm um shstofl io —plrlil io
oforjom`hl‖, uah`lic om dl ostl`hðm
ostl `hðm io `cmtrcd rofctc iod cporlicr plrl
prcpcr`hcmlr foihcs plrl odhfhmlr dl pctom`hl io dl jrõl om od `lsc io um fld
bum`hcmlfhomtc.
(i) Ihspcshthvcs sorìm prcvhstcs plrl flmtomor od vogæ`udc io flmorl ostl`hcmlrhl
fhomtrls so cporl dl jrõl.
11-<.2.1 Buorzls io `cmtrcd y fcvhfhomtcs
(l) Dl buorzl mc ioao sor flycr l 0? da (<?2 M) om dls pldlm`ls io flmc y mc flycr l
?; da (111 M) om dcs poildos.
(a) Dl ihstlm`hl io iospdlzlfhomtc om dls pldlm`ls io flmc mc sorì flycr l <9
pudjlils (0?2 ff) iosio uml pcsh`hðm moutrl om pldlm`ls io ics væls y mc flycr l
19 pudjlils (2<; ff) om pldlm`ls io uml væl. Dl ihstlm`hl io iospdlzlfhomtc om dcs
poildos mc sorì flycr l <; pudjlils (1?9 ff).
Po``hðm 11-<.:5 Hmstldl`hðm
11-<.:.< [ruoal fo`ìmh`l. Od hmstldlicr ioaorì roldhzlr pruoals io `lrjl (om um
vogæ`udc c om pdltlbcrfls io pruoal) om `lil jrõl hmstldlil. Dls pruoals sorìm `cmiu`hils om
dl foihil quo sol mo`oslrhl plrl lsojurlr od `ufpdhfhomtc `cm dcs vldcros fìxhfcs io `lrjl
io dl jrõl, hm`duyomic dcs shstofls tldos `cfc5
(l) [dufl (s) ‐ odovl`hðm y ios`omsc
(a) [dufl (s) ‐ oxtomshðm
(`) Jhrc (rctl`hðm)
(i) Ihspcshthvcs io sojurhili
(o) Lieumtcs lih`hcmldos
11-<.:.1 [ruoal io ostlahdhili. _ml pruoal io ostlahdhili
ostlahdhili sorì `cmiu`hil
`cmiu`hil om `lil umhili
muovl c umhili fðvhd rofcmtlil. Dl pruoal ioao `cmiu`hrso `cm od vogæ`udc `cfpdotlfomto
ios`lrjlic om uml suporbh`ho bhrfo y mhvodlil. Dl ostlahdhili ioao sor tld, quo dcs vldcros io dl
`lrjl mc ox`oiom dcs roquorhfhomtcs iod pìrrlbc 11-<.<.<. Dls pruoals ioaom `cmiu`hrso io
l`uoric `cm LMPH/PLO E:2?.
11-<.:.0 Jlsos io `cfausthðm. Dcs jlsos io `cfausthðm iod fctcr ioao sor omtualics y
ios`lrjlics om uml ihro``hðm doecs iod cporlicr. Ycils dls tuaoræls io os`lpo ioaom ostlr
prctojhics y lhsdlics plrl provomhr od `cmtl`tc `cm od porscmld `ulmic roldh`om tlrols
`cthihlmls.
Po``hðm 11-75 @cmstru``hðm
11-<.7.< Pcdiliurl. Ycil dl scdiliurl y dls `ldhbh`l`hcmos iod scdilicr plrl dls plrtos quo
scsthomom dl `lrjl ioaom ostlr io `cmbcrfhili `cm LMPH/LZP I<9.0. Icmio l`orcs ospo`hldos
u ctrcs fltorhldos scm uthdhzlics, od blarh`lmto ioaorì prcpcr`hcmlr prc`oihfhomtcs io
scdiliurl.
11-<.7.1 [rcto``hðm io dæmol ghirìudh`l y moufìth`l. Dls dæmols oxpuostls l ilücs ioaorìm ostlr
prctojhils om dl foihil quo sol prì`th`l c pcshado.
0<
11-<.7.0 [umtcs io duarh`l`hðm. Dcs pumtcs io duarh`l`hðm ioaom sor l``oshados
l``oshados shm dl mo`oshili
io rofcvor dls julrils u ctrls plrtos.
11-<.7.9 Ostlahdhzlicros
(l) Po ioaorì prcpcr`hcmlr io foihcs plrl flmtomor tcics dcs ostlahdhzlicros om pcsh`hðm
rotrlæil fhomtrls osto om trìmshtc y om dl pcsh`hðm oxtomihil `ulmic dl jrõl ostè
cporlmic.
(a) @lil ostlahdhzlicr cporlic
cporlic l trlvès io pctom`hl sorì vhshado iosio uml uah`l`hðm io
io
l``hcmlfhomtc, l fomcs quo od cporlicr sol lshsthic pcr uml porscml quo il dl soüld.
(`) Dcs `hdhmircs plrl uml ostlahdhzl`hðm vorth`ld io dl fìquhml ioaorì ostlr oquhplil `cm
um ihspcshthvc io bhel`hðm hmtojrldfomto fcmtlic (tld `cfc uml vìdvudl io rotom`hðm
phdctc) plrl provomhr quo um vìstljc so rotlrhjl om od `lsc io quo od shstofl ghirìudh`c
blddo (pcr oeofpdc, blddl io uml flmjuorl ghirìudh`l)
11-<.7.? Qoquorhfhomtcs iod ihsoüc. Dcs fciodcs prctcthpc plrl dl prciu``hðm io dls jrõls io
pdufl lrth`udlil ioaorìm ld`lmzlr dcs roquorhfhomtcs lpdh`lados io LMPH/PLO E<;20.
E<;2 0. Om pdufls
io ihsoüc ospo`hld (fciodcs io mc prciu``hðm) u ctrls `cmih`hcmos ospo`hldos io odovl`hðm,
`ìd`udcs plrl um ostìmilr, pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil c pcr od blarh`lmto io dl jrõl, scm
l`optlados.
11-<.7.2 Oquhpc vlrhlic.
vlrhlic. Po prcvoorìm foihcs plrl od `cmtrcd io dl `cmbhjurl`hðm io proshðm
ospo`hbh`lil pcr od blarh`lmto om `lil `hr`uhtc ghirìudh`c.
@lpætudc 11-1
Hmspo``hðm, [ruoal y Flmtomhfhomtc
Po``hðm 11-1.<5 Hmspo``hðm
11-1.<.< Jomorld
Jomorld.. Od blarh`lmto ioaorì prcpcr`hcmlr hmbcrfl`hðm io bum`hcmlfhomtc y
flmtomhfhomtc.
11-1.<.1 @dlshbh`l`hðm io dl hmspo``hðm
01
(l) Hmspo``hðm hmh`hld. Lmtos io uthdhzlrdl pcr prhforl voz, tcils dls jrõl muovls,
ldtorlils c fcihbh`lils ioaorìm sor hmspo``hcmlils pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil plrl
lsojurlr od `ufpdhfhomtc `cm dls ihspcsh`hcmos io osto Ostìmilr.
(a) Hmspo``hðm rojudlr. Od prc`oihfhomtc io hmspo``hðm plrl uml jrõl `cm um sorvh`hc
rojudlr ostì ihvhihic om ics `dlshbh`l`hcmos jomorldos alslics om dcs hmtorvldcs om
dcs `uldos so ioao roldhzlr uml hmspo``hðm. Dcs hmtorvldcs, l su voz, iopomiom io dl
mlturldozl `ræth`l io dcs `cfpcmomtos io dl jrõl y iod jrlic io oxpcsh`hðm ld
iosjlsto, iotorhcrc c fldbum`hcmlfhomtc. Dls ics `dlshbh`l`hcmos jomorldos so
om`uomtrlm lquæ ioshjmlils `cfc —bro`uomto‖ y —porhðih`c‖ `cm hmtorvldcs
rospo`thvcs omtro hmspo``hcmos `cfc so iobhmo l `cmthmul`hðm5
(<) Hmspo``hðm bro`uomto ‐ hmtorvldcs ihlrhcs l fomsuldos.
(1) Hmspo``hðm porhðih`l ‐ hmtorvldcs io umc l ic`o fosos c ro`cfomilic
ospo`æbh`lfomto pcr od blarh`lmto.
(0) Dls hmspo``hcmos ioaom roldhzlrso pcr um porscmld `ldhbh`lic.
11-1.<.0 Hmspo``hðm bro`uomto.
bro`uomto. Dcs ætofs `cfc dcs shjuhomtos ioaorìm hmspo``hcmlrso pcr
iobo`tcs l hmtorvldcs iobhmhics om od pìrrlbc 11-1.<.1 (a) c hmih`lic ospo`æbh`lfomto, hm`duyomic
dl casorvl`hðm iurlmto od bum`hcmlfhomtc, pcr iosjlsto c ilüc quo puoiom lplro`or omtro dls
hmspo``hcmos rojudlros. Dls `cmih`hcmos `cfc dls mcfarlils, ioaom sor `uhilicslfomto
oxlfhmlils y dl iotorfhml`hðm l roldhzlr ioao sor tcflil sh os quo `cmsthtuyom um podhjrc5
(l) Fo`lmhsfcs io `cmtrcd pcr hmlilptl`hðm quo hmtorbhoro `cm od bum`hcmlfhomtc
lprcphlic ‐ ihlrhlfomto, `ulmic so uthdh`o>
(a) Fo`lmhsfcs io `cmtrcd pcr um iosjlsto ox`oshvc io dcs `cfpcmomtos y `cmtlfhml`hðm
pcr duarh`lmtos u ctrcs fltorhls oxtrlüls>
(`) Ihspcshthvcs io sojurhili plrl od fldbum`hcmlfhomtc>
(i) @ulmtc so uthdh`o, tcils dls flmjuorls ghirìudh`ls, plrth`udlrfomto l lquèddls `uyl
bdoxhðm om cporl`hðm mcrfld io dls bum`hcmos io dl jrõl, ioaom sor vhsuldfomto
hmspo``hcmlics `lil iæl dlacrld,>
(o) Jlm`gcs y sueotlicros plrl iotorhcrc, ilüc quæfh`c, jrhotls y iosjlsto. Qobhèrlso l
LPFO A0;.<;>
(b) Phstofl io lrflic iod `lado, `cm od `ufpdhfhomtc io dls ospo`hbh`l`hcmos iod blarh`lmto
io dl jrõl>
(j) Lplrltcs odè`trh`cs plrl od fldbum`hcmlfhomtc, soüldos ox`oshvls io iotorhcrc, pcdvc y
l`ufudl`hðm io gufoili>
(g) Ihlrhlfomto, od shstofl ghirìudh`c plrl um mhvod lprcphlic io l`ohto y bujls>
(h) Ddlmtls plrl uml proshðm io hmbdlic ro`cfomilil, `crtos y tuor`ls io ddlmtls suodtls>
(e) [hmos io `cmoxhðm y ihspcshthvcs io adcquoc
adcquoc plrl od iosjlsto y ilücs.
11-1.<.9 Hmspo``hðm porhðih`l.
porhðih`l. Dl hmspo``hðm `cfpdotl io dl jrõl so roldhzlrì l hmtorvldcs
iobhmhics jomorldfomto om od pìrrlbc 11-1.<.1 (a) iopomihomic io dl l`thvhili, sovorhili io dl
l`thvhili y lfahomto. Ostls hmspo``hcmos ioaom hm`duhr dcs roquorhfhomtcs iod pìrrlbc 11-1.<.1 y
liofìs, ætofs tldos `cfc dcs shjuhomtos. Dls `cmih`hcmos `cfc dls fom`hcmlils, ioaorìm sor
oxlfhmlils y so ioaorì tcflr dl iotorfhml`hðm sh os quo roprosomtlm um podhjrc5
(l) [lrtos io dl jrõl y iod trl`tc (`lrrhor) quo ostèm iobcrflils, ljrhotlils, `crrcæils>
(a) [ormcs suodtcs, om ospo`hld dcs pormcs io icmio dl jrõl ostì fcmtlil>
(`) [cdols y tlfacros ljrhotlics y iotorhcrlic>
(i) Dls plrtos quo ostèm iotorhcrlils, ljrhotlils c iobcrflils tldos `cfc dcs phmos, dcs
`cehmotos, dcs oeos, dcs omjrlmleos, dcs rcihddcs y dcs ihspcshthvcs io adcquo io `lrjl>
(o) _m iosjlsto ox`oshvc om dcs bromcs c om dls plrtos iod shstofl io ofarljuo y om od
rovosthfhomtc>
(b) Dcs jlm`gcs io dls jrõls hmspo``hcmlics om `lsc io glaor jrhotls>
(j) Od shstofl io ihro``hðm, od bromlic y dcs ihspcshthvcs io adcquoc pcr fldbum`hcmlfhomtc>
00
(g) Ddlmtls ox`oshvlfomto iosjlstlils c ilülils>
(h) Flmjuorl ghirìudh`l y moufìth`l, l``oscrhcs o hmspo``hðm io tuaoræls
(<) Ovhiom`hl io bujls om dl suporbh`ho io dls flmjuorls bdoxhados c om dls umhcmos io dls
`cmoxhcmos fotìdh`ls.
(1) Bcrfl`hðm io lfpcddls c iobcrfl`hðm lmcrfld om od ro`uarhfhomtc oxtormc io dl
flmjuorl ghirìudh`l c moufìth`l>
(0) Bujls om dls eumtls rcs`lils c ofpctrlils quo mc puoiom odhfhmlrso pcr um leusto
mcrfld c pcr prc`oihfhomtcs
prc`oihfhomtcs ro`cfomilics>
ro`cfomilics>
(9) Ovhiom`hl io ox`oshvl larlshðm c `cmtl`tc om dl suporbh`ho oxtorhcr io uml flmjuorl,
iod tuac ræjhic c ldjõm l``oscrhc. Po ioaom
ioaom tcflr dls foihils plrl odhfhmlr dl
hmtorborom`hl io odofomtcs quo ostèm om `cmtl`tc umc `cm ctrc c io dc `cmtrlrhc
prctojor dcs `cfpcmomtos.
(e) Acfals ghirìudh`ls y moufìth`ls y fctcros io hmspo``hðm
(<)
(1)
(0)
(9)
(?)
(2)
(:)
[ormc suodtcs c sueotlicros>
Bujls om dls eumtls omtro dls so``hcmos>
Bujl pcr dcs soddcs io dcs oeos
Pcmhics c vharl`hcmos hmusuldos>
[orihil io dl vodc`hili io bum`hcmlfhomtc>
@ldomtlfhomtc ox`oshvc iod bduhic>
[orihil io proshðm.
(n) Hmspo``hðm io vìdvudls ghirìudh`ls y moufìth`ls
(<)
(1)
(0)
(9)
(?)
Jrhotls om od rovosthfhomtc c `lr`lsl io vìdvudl>
Qojrosc hmlprcphlic iod `lrroto l dl pcsh`hðm moutrl>
Bujls om dcs `lrrotos y om dls eumtls>
Adcquoc io dls `lrrotos
Blddl om dls vìdvudls io ios`lrjl plrl ld`lmzlr c flmtomor dl `cmbhjurl`hðm `crro`tl
io dl proshðm>
(2) Dls vìdvudls io ios`lrjl io proshðm ioaom rovhslrso `cfc dc ospo`hbh`lic pcr od
blarh`lmto.
(d) Hmspo``hðm io `hdhmircs ghirìudh`cs y moufìth`cs
(<)
(1)
(0)
(9)
(?)
(2)
Od omslm`glfhomtc `luslic pcr bujl io bduhics l trlvès iod phstðm>
Bujl om dcs ìracdos io trlmsfhshðm
Bujl om dls eumtls scdilils>
Alrrl iod `hdhmirc rlmurlil, foddlil c iomtlil>
@lel ilülil (`uorpc, tlfacr, `hdhmirc, alrrhd)
Iobcrfl`hðm om dcs celdos io dl alrrl io ihro``hðm.
(f) Bhdtrcs ghirìudh`cs. Ovhiom`hl io plrtæ`udls io `lu`gc om
om od bhdtrc puoio hmih`lr quo dl
flmjuorl, om um c-rhmj u ctrcs `cfpcmomtos so iotorhcrom. @ghps c phozls io fotld om
od bhdtrc puoiom `luslr quo dls acfals, dcs fctcros c quo dcs `hdhmircs blddom. Porì
mo`oslrhc um `cmtrcd flycr plrl iotorfhmlr od crhjom iod prcadofl lmtos io tcflr
l``hcmos `crro`thvls.
(m) Dls othquotls ioaom ostlr om su dujlr y ioaom sor dojhados.
11-1.<.? Jrõls io usc hrrojudlr
(l) _ml jrõl quo gl ostlic hml`thvl iurlmto um poræcic io thofpc io um fos c fìs, porc
fomcs io 2 fosos, so do glrì uml hmspo``hðm io l`uoric `c
`cm
m dcs roquorhfhomtcs io dcs
pìrrlbcs. 11-1.<.1 y 11-1.9.1 (a).
(a) _ml jrõl quo gl ostlic hml`thvl iurlmto um porhcic io 2 fosos, so do glrì uml
hmspo``hðm `cfpdotl io l`uoric `cm dcs roquorhfhomtcs io dcs pìrrlbcs 11-1.<.0 y 111.9.1 lmtos io sor puostl om sorvh`hc.
09
11-1.<.2 Qojhstrcs io hmspo``hðm.
hmspo``hðm. Qojhstrcs `cm bo`gls ospo`æbh`ls plrl dl hmspo``hðm porhðih`l
ioaom roldhzlrso om ætof `ræth`cs tldos `cfc, dcs bromcs, jlm`gcs io dl jrõl, `lados, `hdhmircs
ghirìudh`cs y moufìth`cs, vìdvudl io ldhvhc io proshðm ghirìudh`c y moufìth`c. Dcs rojhstrcs
ioaom ostlr shofpro l ihspcsh`hðm io uml porscml `ldhbh`lil
Po``hðm 11-1.15 [ruoal
11-1.1.< [ruoals io bum`hcmlfhomtc
(l) Ycil jrõl muovl ioao sor hmspo``hcmlil pcr od blarh`lmto plrl vorhbh`lr od `ufpdhfhomtc
`cm dcs roquorhfhomtcs io bum`hcmlfhomtc io ostl so``hðm, hm`duyomic bum`hcmos tldos
`cfc dls shjuhomtos5
(<) Fo`lmhsfcs io odovl`hðm y ios`omsc io dl `lrjl>
`lrj l>
(1) Fo`lmhsfcs io odovl`hðm y ios`omsc io dl pdufl>
pd ufl>
(0) Fo`lmhsfcs io oxtomshðm y rotrl``hðm io dl pdufl>
(9) Fo`lmhsfc io rctl`hðm>
(?) Fo`lmhsfc io iospdlzlfhomtc>
(2) Ihspcshthvcs io sojurhili.
(a) @ulmic dl jrõl mc os sufhmhstrlic `cfpdotlfomto pcr um blarh`lmto, tldos pruoals
ioaorìm roldhzlrso ld bhmld, `ulmic dl jrõl ostè `cfpdotlfomto fcmtlil.
(`) Dcs rosudtlics io dls pruoals io bum`hcmlfhomtc ioaom ostlr ihspcmhados.
11-1.1.1 [ruoal io `lrjl
(l) Lmtos io uthdhzlrdl pcr prhforl voz5
(<) Ycil jrõl muovl y rohmstldlil ioao sor hmspo``hcmlil y ioao glaorso roldhzlic uml
pruoal io `lrjl pcr c alec dl ihro``hðm io dl
d l porscml `ldhbh`lil. Ioao proplrlrso um
hmbcrfo os`rhtc pcr dl porscml `ldhbh`lil y sor lr`ghvlic. Dls pruoals io `lrjl mc
sorì hmborhcr ld <;;% c fìs quo od <<;% io dl `lrjl mcfhmld, l fomcs quo sol
ro`cfomili pcr od blarh`lmto c uml porscml `cfpotomto.
(1) Dl mo`oshili io pruoals om jrõls roplrlils, ldtorlils c fcihbh`lils so
iotorfhmlrì pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil. @ulmic so roquhoro io pruoal io `lrjl, dls
pruoals so glrìm io `cmbcrfhili `cm od pìrrlbc. 1-1.1.1 (l) (<).
(a) Dl pruoal io `lrjl, sh so roldhzl, `cmshsthrì io dls shjuhomtos cporl`hcmos `cfc
roquorhfhomtc fæmhfc.
(<) Odovo `lrjl io pruoal plrl lsojurlr quo dl `lrjl os scpcrtlil pcr dl jrõl y
flmtomhil pcr dcs bromcs iod whm`go io hzleo
(1) Jhro dl jrõl, sh lpdh`l, ld ld`lm`o fìxhfc io rctl`hðm.
(0) Oxtomior y rotrlor dls oxtomshcmos iod todos`cphc iomtrc iod rlihc io trlalec
porfhthic plrl dl pruoal io `lrjl.
(9) Ios`homil dl `lrjl io pruoal, iotèmjlso y flmtomjl dl `lrjl `cm od bromc(s).
Po``hðm 11-1.05 Flmtomhfhomtc
11-1.0.< Flmtomhfhomtc provomthvc
(l) _m prcjrlfl io flmtomhfhomtc provomthvc alslic om dls ro`cfomil`hcmos iod
blarh`lmto io dl jrõl ioao ostlado`orso. Dcs rojhstrcs `cm bo`gl ioaom flmtomorso.
(a) Po ro`cfhomil quo phozls io roofpdlzc solm catomhics iod blarh`lmto crhjhmld iod
oquhpc c pcr dc fomcs io dl fhsl `ldhili.
11-1.0.1
[rc`oihfhomtc
io flmtomhfhomtc
(l) Lmtos
io `cfomzlr
`cfomzlr
`cm dcs leustos y dls roplrl`hcmos om dl jrõl, dls shjuhomtos
pro`lu`hcmos ioaom lpdh`lrso5
0?
(<) _ah`lr dl jrõl icmio `luso dl fomcr hmtorborom`hl pcshado `cm ctrc oquhpc c `cm dls
cporl`hcmos>
(1) Ycics dcs `cmtrcdos ioaom ostlr om dl pcsh`hðm io —CBB‖>
(0) Ph ofphozl l blddlr ostì hmcporlthvc>
(9) Ios`homil dl pdufl gl`hl od suodc, sh os pcshado, c io dc `cmtrlrhc lsojõrodc plrl
ovhtlr `læils>
(?) Dhaoro dl proshðm io l`ohto ghirìudh`c io tcics dcs `hr`uhtcs ghirìudh`cs lmtos io
scdtlr c rothrlr `cfpcmomtos ghirìudh`cs.
(a) Poüldos io livortom`hl c —buorl io sorvh`hc‖ ioaom `cdc`lrso om dcs `cmtrcdos io dl jrõl.
(`) Duojc io quo so roldhzlrcm leustos c roplrl`hcmos, dl jrõl mc ioao sor puostl l sorvh`hc
glstl quo tcils dls julrils glylm shic rohmstldlils, od lhro rotomhic glyl shic odhfhmlic
iod shstofl ghirìudh`c (sh os mo`oslrhc), so glylm rol`thvlic dcs ihspcshthvcs io sojurhili
y tcic oquhpc io flmtomhfhomtc gl shic rothrlic.
11-1.0.0 Leustos y roplrl`hcmos
(l) @uldquhor `cmih`hðm podhjrcsl om`cmtrlil pcr dcs roquorhfhomtcs io hmspo``hðm io dl
Po``hðm 11-1.< ioaorì sor `crrojhil lmtos io rohmh`hlr `cm dls cporl`hcmos io dl jrõl.
Dcs leustos y dls roplrl`hcmos ioaom roldhzlrso scdc pcr od porscmld `ldhbh`lic.
(a) Dcs leustos ioaom flmtomorso plrl lsojurlr od `crro`tc bum`hcmlfhomtc io sus
`cfpcmomtos. Dc shjuhomto scm oeofpdcs5
(<) Fo`lmhsfc io cporl`hðm bum`hcmld>
(1) Ihspcshthvcs io sojurhili>
(0) Phstofls io `cmtrcd.
(`) Dls roplrl`hcmos y dcs roofpdlzcs ioaom prcpcr`hcmlrso `cfc so vlyl mo`oshtlmic. Dc
shjuhomto scm oeofpdcs5
(<) [hozls prhm`hpldos iod fo`lmhsfc io bum`hcmlfhomtc quo ostèm ljrhotlics, rctcs,
`crrcæics, icadlics c ox`oshvlfomto iotorhcrlics>
(1) Dcs jlm`gcs io dls jrõls quo prosomtom dls `cmih`hcmos ios`rhtls om od pìrrlbc 111.<.0(l)(?) ioaom pcmorso buorl io sorvh`hc.
(i) Dls hmstru``hcmos plrl dl odhfhml`hðm iod lhro io dcs `hr`uhtcs ghirìudh`cs ioaom sor
prcvhstls pcr od blarh`lmto.
11-1.0.9 Duarh`l`hðm
Duarh`l`hðm.. Ycils dls plrtos fcvhados, plrl dl
dl `uld so ospo`hbh`l duarh`lr, ioao sor
rojudlrfomto duarh`lic sojõm dls ro`cfomil`hcmos y prc`oihfhomtcs
prc` oihfhomtcs iod blarh`lmto.
Po``hðm 11-1.95 Hmspo``hðm iod `lado, roofpdlzc y flmtomhfhomtc
11-1.9.< Jomorld
Jomorld.. Ioahic l dls `cmbhjurl`hcmos iod ihsoüc io dl jrõl, plrl flmtomor fcvhdhili,
dcs ihìfotrcs io dl pcdol, dcs ihìfotrcs iod tlfacr y dcs bl`tcros iod ihsoüc iod `lado scm
dhfhtlics. [crquo io ostcs plrìfotrcs iod ihsoüc, so roldhzlrì uml hmspo``hðm l`crio `cm od
pìrrlbc 11-1.9.1 plrl ioto`tlr ldjõm iotorhcrc, y um roofpdlzc cpcrtumc io l`uoric `cm od
pìrrlbc 11-1.9.0 bumilfomtld.
11-1.9.1 Hmspo``hðm
(l) Hmspo``hðm bro`uomto
(<) Ycics
dcs `lados
quo om
ostèm
bum`hcmlfhomtc
ioaom sor
hmspo``hcmlics
vhsuldfomto
uml voz,
`lilomiæl
dlacrld. Dl hmspo``hðm
vhsuld
`cmshsthrì om
casorvlr tcic od `lado quo puoio ostlr om usc iurlmto dl cporl`hðm iod iæl.
02
Ostls casorvl`hcmos `cmshsthrìm om ios`uarhr ilücs jrlmios `cfc
` cfc dcs quo so
om`uomtrlm dhstlics l `cmthmul`hðm, quo puoiom sor rhojcs hmtorfoihcs5
(l) Ihstcrshðm iod `lado, tldos `cfc um rotcr`hfhomtc, lpdlstlfhomtc, `cm dcs tcrcmos
ioscriomlics y iospdlzlfhomtcs io tcrcmos c ldtorl`hðm iod ldfl. Dl pèrihil iod
ihìfotrc iod `lado io uml dcmjhtui `crtl c dl ioshjuldili io dcs bhdlfomtcs
oxtorhcros ioaom prcpcr`hcmlr dl ovhiom`hl io quo od `lado c dcs `lados thomom quo
sor roofpdlzlics5
(l) @crrcshðm jomorld>
(a) Bhdlfomtcs rctcs c `crtlics>
(`) Mõforc, ihstrhau`hðm y thpc io ldlfaros
vhshadofomto ilülics. @ulmic tldos ilücs scm ios`uahortcs, od
`lado ioao sor odhfhmlic c ioao gl`orso uml hmspo``hðm `cfc so
iotlddl om od pìrrlbc 11-1.9.0 (a).
(1) Yomjl `uhilic `ulmic hmspo``hcmo dls so``hcmos io rìphic iotorhcrc tldos
`cfc, pumtcs io arhil, dcs pumtcs io `ru`o c pumtcs io ro`cjhil y
ropoththvcs om dcs tlfacros.
(a) Hmspo``hðm porhðih`l
(<) Dl bro`uom`hl io dl hmspo``hðm so iotorfhmlrì pcr dl porscml `ldhbh`lil y so
alslrì om bl`tcros `cfc5
(l) Yhofpc osporlic iod `lado iotorfhmlic pcr dl oxporhom`hl om dl hmstldl`hðm
c om hmstldl`hcmos shfhdlros>
(a) Povorhili iod lfahomto>
(`) [cr`omtleo io dls `lpl`hilios io odovl`hðm>
(i) Ylsl bro`uomto io cporl`hðm>
(o) Oxpcsh`hðm l dl buorzl io `gcquo.
Dls hmspo``hcmos mc thomom quo sor l hmtorvldcs om hjuldili io `ldomilrhc y ioao gl`orso
bro`uomto `ulmic od `lado osto ld`lmzlmic su tèrfhmc io vhil. Ostl hmspo``hðm ioao roldhzlrso
pcr dc fomcs lmuldfomto.
(1) Dl hmspo``hðm porhðih`l ioao ddovlrso l `lac pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil. Ostl
hmspo``hðm ioao `uarhr tcil dl dcmjhtui iod `lado. Pcdc dl suporbh`ho iod ldlfaro
ioao sor hmspo``hcmlic. Mc hmtomto larhr od `lado. @uldquhor iotorhcrc quo
rosudto om uml pèrihil lpro`hlado io dl buorzl crhjhmld, `cfc dls ios`rhtls l
`cmthmul`hðm, ioaom lmctlrso y dl iotorfhml`hðm quo so tcflrì iopomiorì sh od
usc iod `lado `cmsthtuyo um podhjrc5
(l) Dcs pumtcs dhstlics om od pìrrlbc 11-1.9.1(l)(<)(l)>
(a) Qoiu``hðm iod ihìfotrc iod `lado pcr ioalec iod ihìfotrc mcfhmld ioahic
l porihil om od scpcrto iod mõ`doc, `crrcshðm hmtorml c oxtorml c iosjlsto
io dcs ldlfaros oxtormcs>
(`) Ldlfaros sovorlfomto `crrcæics c ilülics om dls `cmoxhcmos io dcs
oxtrofcs>
(i) Dcs oxtrofcs io dls `cmoxhcmos so om`uomtrlm sovorlfomto `crrcæics,
ljrhotlics, icadlics, iosjlstlic c lpdh`lic hmlprcphlilfomto.
(0) Ycfo `uhilic `ulmic hmspo``hcmo dls so``hcmos io rìphic iotorhcrc `cfc dls
shjuhomtos>
(l) Dls so``hcmos icmio lshomtl od `lado pcdols u ctrcs odofomtcs pcr icmio od
iospdlzlfhomtc iod `lado os dhfhtlic>
(a) Dls so``hcmos iod `lado om c `or`l io sus torfhml`hcmos icmio dcs ldlfaros
`crrcæics c ilülics puoiom scarosldhr.
11-1.9.0 Qoofpdlzc iod `lado
(l) Mc so puoiom ilr mcrfls pro`hsls plrl dl iotorfhml`hðm io `ulmic so ioao
roofpdlzlr od `lado, yl quo hmvcdu`rl fu`gcs bl`tcros. _ml voz quo od `lado ld`lmzl
0:
`uldquhorl io dcs `rhtorhcs io odhfhml`hðm ospo`hbh`lics, so puoio porfhthr cporlr
glstl quo l`lao od turmc io trlalec, alslic om od euh`hc io dl porscml `ldhbh`lil. Od
`lado ioao sor roofpdlzlic duojc io quo od turmc io trlalec l`lað, ld bhmld iod iæl,
c pcr dc fomcs lmtos io quo dcs oquhpcs solm uthdhzlics om od shjuhomto turmc io
trlalec.
(a) Dcs `rhtorhcs plrl od roofpdlzc iod `lado ioaor gl`orso io dl shjuhomto flmorl5
(<) Om `lados quo ostìm om bum`hcmlfhomtc, sohs ldlfaros ilülics ihstrhauhics io
flmorl ldoltcrhl om um `ladolic c tros ldlfaros ilülics om um bhdlfomtc ioum
`ladolic>
(1) _m ldlfaro oxtormc rctc om od pumtc io `cmtl`tc iod mõ`doc iod `lado quo gl
trlalelic y quo scarosldo io su ostru`turl. Os mo`oslrhl uml hmspo``hðm
lih`hcmld io ostl so``hðm.
(0) Iosjlsto io um tor`hc iod ihìfotrc crhjhmld io dcs ldlfaros hmihvhiuldos
oxtormcs>
(9) Qotcr`hfhomtc, lpdlstlfhomtc, eludl io plelrhtc c `uldquhor ctrc ilüc quo
rosudto om dl ihstcrshðm io dl ostru`turl iod `lado>
(?) Ovhiom`hl io `uldquhor
`uldquhor ilücs prciu`hic pcr
pcr od `ldcr>
(2) roiu``hcmos iod ihìfotrc mcfhmld flycros quo dcs quo so fuostrl l
`cmthmul`hðm.
Ihìfotrc iod `lado
Glstl ?/<2 pudj. (7ff)
Qoiu``hðm
Qoiu``hð
m fìxhfl porfhthil iod ihìfotrc mcfhmld
</29 pudj. (;.9 ff)
[cr
io¶?/<2
Glstl
¶ pudj.
(<0ff)
[cr om`hfl
om`hml io
pudj.pudj.
Glstl
½ pudj.
(<8ff)
[cr om`hml io < </7 pudj. Glstl < ¶ pudj. (07ff)
</01
0/;9 pudj.
pudj. (;.7)
(<.1ff)
0/1 pudj. (1.9ff)
(:) Om `lados bhecs, fìs io ics ldlfaros ilülics om um `ladolic om so``hcmos quo
ostìm fìs lddì io dls torfhml`hcmos io dls `cmoxhcmos c fìs io um ldlfaro
ilülic om uml torfhml`hðm io dl `cmoxhðm.
(7) Od roofpdlzc iod `lado ioaorì tomor uml `ldhbh`l`hðm io bcrtldozl pcr dc fomcs
tlm jrlmio `cfc od `lado oquhplic c pcr dc ro`cfomilic pcr od blarh`lmto io
dl jrõl. Ldjuml iosvhl`hðm iod tlflüc crhjhmld, jrlic c `cmstru``hðm ioaorì
ospo`hbh`lrso pcr od blarh`lmto iod `lado, io dl jrõl c pcr uml porscml `ldhbh`lil.
(`) Dcs `rhtorhcs io odhfhml`hðm iod `lado `htlics om osto vcdufom lpdh`lm l dcs `lados
fotìdh`cs quo cporlm om pcdols io l`orc y tlfacros. Od usurlrhc ioao `cmtl`tlr ld
blarh`lmto io dl pcdol, tlfacr c jrõl, c l uml porscml `ldhbh`lil, plrl dcs `rhtorhcs
io odhfhml`hðm io `lados fotìdh`cs quo cporlm om pcdols y tlfacros go`gcs io um
fltorhld quo mc scm io l`orc.
(i) _sc io `lados io usc hrrojudlr. Ycics dcs `lados, quo glm ostlic hml`thvcs iurlmto
um poræcic io um fos c fìs ioahic ld stlmi ay c od ldfl`omlfhomtc io uml jrõl
om od quo so om`uomtro hmstldlic, so roldhzlrì uml hmspo``hðm io `cmbcrfhili `cm od
pìrrlbc 11-1.9.0 (a) lmtos io quo sol puostc om sorvh`hc. Osto `cmtrcd sorì plrl tcics
dcs thpcs io iotorhcrc y sorì roldhzlic pcr uml porscml ioshjmlil.
(o) Qojhstrcs io hmspo``hðm
(<) Hmspo``hðm bro`uomto ‐ mc so mo`oshtlm rojhstrcs.
(1) Hmspo``hðm porhðih`l ‐ plrl ostlado`or dcs iltcs `cfc also plrl euzjlr od auom
fcfomtc iod roofpdlzc, um hmbcrfo io bo`gl io dl `cmih`hðm iod `lado om `lil
hmspo``hðm porhðih`l ioao julrilrso om lr`ghvc. Osto hmbcrfo so roborhrì l dcs
pumtcs io iotorhcrc quo bhjurlm om od pìrrlbc. 11-1.9.0 (a).
11-1.9.9 Flmtomhfhomtc iod `lado
(l) Od `lado ioao ldfl`omlrso plrl provomhr ilücs c iotorhcrc.
(a) Iosomroilr c iosomrcddlr od `lado so ddovlrì l `lac sojõm dc ro`cfomilic pcr od
blarh`lmto iod `lado y `cm `uhilic plrl ovhtlr um rotcr`hfhomtc c uml tcr`oiurl.
07
(`) Lmtos io `crtlr um `lado, `cdcquo uml fcrilzl om `lil dlic icmio so ioao `crtlr
od `lado plrl provomhr um iospromihfhomtc io dcs bhdlfomtcs. Om `lados
probcrflics, os mo`oslrhc um lborrlfhomtc om `lil dlic icmio so roquhoro gl`or od
`crto. Om `lados mc probcrflics io :/7 pudjlils (11ff) io ihìfotrc c fìs
poquoücs, ics lborrlfhomtc om `lil dlic icmio so roquhoro roldzlr od `crto y um
`lado mc probcrflic io < pudjlil (1?ff) io ihìfotrc c fìs dlrjc, tros
lborrlfhomtcs om `lil dlic icmio od `crto
`cr to so mo`oshtl roldhzlr.
(i) Iurlmto dl hmstldl`hðm, tcfo `uhilic plrl ovhtlr lrrlstrlr od `lado om dl thorrl c
ldroioicr io caeotcs quo puoilm rlsplr, rlmurlr, lpdlstlr c icadlrdc.
(o) Dcs `lados ioaom flmtomorso ahom duarh`lics. Os hfpcrtlmto quo od duarh`lmto quo
so lpdhquo `cfc plrto iod prcjrlfl io flmtomhfhomtc y ioao sor `cfplthado `cm
od duarh`lmto crhjhmld y plrl ostc so ioao `cmsudtlr ld blarh`lmto> od duarh`lmto quo
so lpdhquo ioao sor iod thpc quo mc castl`udh`o dl hmspo``hðm vhsuld. Lquoddls
so``hcmos iod `lado quo so om`uomtrlm scaro dls pcdols c so om`uomtrlm c`udtls
iurlmto dcs prc`oihfhomtcs io hmspo``hðm y flmtomhfhomtc roquhorom io uml
ltom`hðm ospo`hld ld duarh`lr od `lado. Od caeothvc
c aeothvc io duarh`lr od `lado os io roiu`hr dl
brh``hðm hmtorml y provomhr dl `crrcshðm.
(b) @ulmic od `lado ostì om bum`hcmlfhomtc y fuostrl flycr iosjlsto om zcmls ahom
iobhmhils quo om od rostc iod `lado, dl vhil iod `lado puoio oxtomiorso om `lscs
scmio um `lado io dcmjhtui roiu`hil os lio`ulic, `crtlmic uml so``hðm om od
oxtrofc iosjlstlic, y lsæ, `lfahlr os iosjlsto l ihboromtos ìrols iod `lado.
@lpætudc 11-0
Flmoec
Po``hðm 11-0.<5 @ldhbh`l`hcmos y `cmiu`tl io dcs cporlrhcs y prì`th`ls io bum`hcmlfhomtc
11-0.<.< Cporlicros
(l) Od bum`hcmlfhomtc io dl jrõl ioao dhfhtlrso ld porscmld `cm dls shjuhomtos `ldhbh`l`hcmos
fæmhfls5
(<) [orscmls `ldhbh`lil>
(1) [rl`th`lmtos alec dl suporvhshðm ihro`tl io uml porscml `ldhbh`lil>
(0) Flmtomhfhomtc y porscmld io pruoal (`ulmic os mo`oslrhc om od ioslrrcddc io sus
ioaoros)>
(9) Hmspo`tcros (jrõl)
(a) Pcdc od porscmld ospo`hbh`lic om od pìrrlbc 11-0.<.<(l) ioaorì hmjroslr ld ìrol io
bum`hcmlfhomtc io uml jrõl `cm dl ox`op`hðm io porscmls `cfc od omjrlslicr,
suporvhscros y lquoddls porscmls lutcrhzlils ospo`hbh`lils pcr dcs suporvhscros `uyls
tlrols
mo`oshtlm
io oddcs, uyctrls
sðdc om
od ioslrrcddc io sus tlrols y `cm od
`cmc`hfhomtc
iod cporlicr
ctduojc,
rls porscmls
ioshjmlils.
11-0.<.1 @ldhbh`l`hcmos io dcs cporlrhcs
08
(l) Dcs cporlicros,
cporlicros, pcr roquorhfhomtc iod ofpdolicr,
ofpdolicr, lprcalrìm um oxlfom io
bum`hcmlfhomtc prì`th`c. Dls `ldhbh`l`hcmos ioaom dhfhtlrso l thpcs io fìquhmls
ospo`æbh`ls plrl `lil oxlfom.
(a) Dcs cporlrhcs y prl`th`lmtos io cporlicr ioaorìm dcjlr dls shjuhomtos `ldhbh`l`hcmos
bæsh`ls5
(<) Rhshðm io pcr dc fomcs 1;/0; Pmoddom om um cec y 1;/?; om od ctrc, `cm c shm domtos>
(1) Glahdhili plrl ihsthmjuhr dcs `cdcros, shm hfpcrtlr dl pcsh`hðm, om od `lsc io quo dl
ihborom`hl`hðm io `cdcros sol mo`oslrhl>
(0) Luih`hðm lio`ulil, `cm c shm luiæbcmcs, plrl cporl`hcmos ospo`æbh`ls.
(`) Ovhiom`hl io dhfhtl`hcmos bæsh`ls c hmostlahdhili ofc`hcmld quo pciræl `luslr um podhjrc
ld cporlrhc u ctrcs, c `uyl cphmhðm iod ic`tcr pciræl hmtorborhr `cm od ioslrrcddc iod
cporlicr, puoio sor `lusl subh`homto plrl uml ios`ldhbh`l`hðm. Om tldos `lscs, sorìm
mo`oslrhls uml `dæmh`l ospo`hldhzlil c od euh`hc fèih`c y pruoals.
(i) Porì fcthvcs subh`homtos plrl dl ios`ldhbh`l`hðm, dl ovhiom`hl io quo um cporlrhc ostì
sueotc l `cmvudshcmos c pèrihil iod `cmtrcd bæsh`c. Dls pruoals fèih`ls ospo`hldhzlils
puoiom sor mo`oslrhls plrl iotorfhmlr ostls `cmih`hcmos.
(o) Dcs cporlicros y prl`th`lmtos io cporlrhc ioaorìm tomor por`op`hðm mcrfld io
prcbumihili, `lfpc io vhshðm, thofpc io rol``hðm, iostrozl flmuld, `ccrihml`hðm, y mc
tomor tomiom`hls l flrocs c `lrl`toræsth`ls
`l rl`toræsth`ls shfhdlros hmiosolados.
(b) Liofìs, l dc yl fom`hcmlic lmtorhcrfomto,
lmtorhcrfomto, od cporlrhc
cporlrhc ioaorì5
(<) Iofcstrlr glahdhili io `cfpromior o hmtorprotlr tcils dls othquotls, dcs flmuldos
io cporlicr, `ðihjcs io sojurhili y ctrl hmbcrfl`hðm porthmomto plrl `crrojhr dl
cporl`hðm io dl jrõl>
(1) [csoor `cmc`hfhomtc io prc`oihfhomtcs io oforjom`hl o hfpdofomtl`hðm iod
fhsfc>
(0) Iofcstrlr ld ofpdolicr dl glahdhili io cporlr od thpc ospo`hbh`c io oquhpc>
(9) Ostlr blfhdhlrhzlics `cm dl lpdh`l`hðm io dls rojudl`hcmos io sojurhili>
(?) Omtomior dl rospcmslahdhili io dcs roquorhfhomtcs io flmtomhfhomtc io dl jrõl>
(2) Ostlr blfhdhlrhzlic `cm dl jrõl y sus bum`hcmos io `cmtrcd>
(:) Omtomior dcs prc`oihfhomtcs io cporl`hðm `cfc dc ios`rhao od blarh`lmto.
11-0.<.< @cmiu`tl io dcs Cporlrhcs
(l) Od cporlicr mc plrth`hplrì om `uldquhor prì`th`l quo iosvæo su ltom`hðm ld fhsfc thofpc om
quo ostè cporlmic uml jrõl.
(a) @lil cporlicr sorì rospcmslado pcr lquoddls cporl`hcmos alec od `cmtrcd ihro`tc iod
suporvhscr. Phofpro quo oxhstl uml iuil scaro dl sojurhili, od cporlicr ioaorì `cmsudtlr ld
suporvhscr lmtos io flmhpudlr dls `lrjls.
(`) Od cporlicr mc ioao ioelr uml `lrjl suspomihil iosltomihil l fomcs quo pro`lu`hcmos
ospo`æbh`ls ostlado`hils y ostèm om su dujlr.
(i) Ph gly uml soüld io livortom`hl om od hmtorruptcr c om dcs `cmtrcdos io om`omihic iod fctcr,
od cporlicr mc ioao `orrlr od hmtorruptcr c om`omior od fctcr glstl quo dl soüld io livortom`hl
glyl shic rothrlil pcr dl porscml ioshjmlil.
(o) Lmtos io `orrlr od hmtorruptcr c om`omior od fctcr, od cporlicr ioaorì vor quo tcics dcs
`cmtrcdos ostèm om —CBB‖ c om pcsh`hðm moutrc y so gl iospoelic l tcic od porscmld.
(b) Ph dl pctom`hl blddl iurlmto dl cporl`hðm, od cporlicr ioaorì5
(<) Fcvor dcs `cmtrcdos l —CBB‖ c l pcsh`hðm moutrl>
(1)Ios`omior dl `lrjl suspomihil y dl pdufl, sh buorl prì`th`c.
(l) Od cporlicr ioaorì ostlr blfhdhlrhzlic `cm od oquhpc y `cm od prcphc `uhilic. Ph scm
mo`oslrhcs
leustosy ctlfahèm
roplrl`hcmos,
od cporlicr
ioaorì cporlicr.
hmbcrflr io hmfoihltc l dl
porscml `ldhbh`lil
ioaorì mcthbh`lr
ld shjuhomto
9;
(a) Dcs `cmtrcdos ioaom sor prcalics pcr od cporlicr ld hmh`hc io `lil turmc. Ph ldjõm
`cmtrcd mc bum`hcml lio`ulilfomto, ostcs ioaos sor leustlics c roplrlics lmtos io
hmh`hlr dl cporl`hðm.
(`) Dcs ostlahdhzlicros ioaom sor vhshados ld cporlicr fhomtrls dcs oxthomio c leustl l
fomcs quo od cporlicr sol lshsthic pcr
pc r uml porscml quo il dls soüldos.
Po``hðm 11-0.15 [rì`th`ls io cporl`hðm
11-0.1.< Flmhpudl`hðm io dl `lrjl
(l) Ylflüc io dl `lrjl
(<) Mhmjuml jrõl ioao sor `lrjlil fìs lddì io dl `lrjl mcfhmld l ox`op`hðm io
prcpðshtcs io pruoal.
(1) Dl `lrjl quo sorì odovlil ioao ostlr iomtrc io dl `lrjl mcfhmld io dl jrõl om su
`cmbhjurl`hðm oxhstomto.
(0) @ulmic mc so `cmc`o `cm oxl`thtui dls `lrjls quo sorìm odovlils, dl porscml
rospcmslado plrl od trlalec ioaorì ostlado`or
ostlado`or quo od posc io dls `lrjls mc ox`oil
dl `lrjl mcfhmld io dl jrõl om od rlihc om od `uld dl `lrjl ioao sor odovlil.
(l) Lpdh`lmic dl `lrjl
(<) Dl `lrjl ioao sor lpdh`lil ld jlm`gc l trlvès io osdhmjls u ctrc ihspcshthvc io
subh`homto `lpl`hili.
(1) Od `lado io odovl`hðm mc ioao omvcdvorso ldroioicr io dl `lrjl.
(a) Fcvhomic dl `lrjl
(<) Od cporlicr iotorfhmlrì què5
(l) Dl jrõl ostl mhvodlil
mhvodlil y sh buorl mo`oslrhc, od `lrrhor ostl lio`ulilfomto
adcquolic>
(a) Dl `lrjl ostì ahom lsojurlil y aldlm`olil om dl osdhmjl c om ihspcshthvc io
odovl`hðm lmtos io sor odovlil umls `ulmtls pudjlils (ff)>
(`) Po prcpcr`hcmlm foihcs plrl flmtomor ld vogæ`udc io flmorl ostl`hcmlrhl
fhomtrls dl jrõl ostl om cporl`hðm>
(1) Lmtos io `cfomzlr l odovlr, od jlm`gc so pcmirì scaro dl `lrjl io tld flmorl quo
fhmhfh`o dl rctl`hðm.
(0) Iurlmto dl odovl`hðm, tomjl `uhilic om quo5
(l) Mc oxhsto l`odorl`hðm c iosl`odorl`hðm ropomthml io dl `lrjl om fcvhfhomtc>
(a) Dl `lrjl, dl pdufl y ctrls plrtos io dl jrõl mc thomom `cmtl`tc `cm mhmjuml
castru``hðm.
(9) Dls jrõls mc ioaom uthdhzlrso plrl lrrlstrlr `lrjls dltorldos.
(?) Osto Ostìmilr ro`cmc`o quo dls jrõls io pdufl lrth`udlil ostìm ihsoülils plrl dl
flmhpudl`hðm io fltorhldos. Mc `ufpdom `cm dcs roquhshtcs io odovl`hðm io
porscmld. [cr dc tlmtc, sh uml porscml so om`uomtrl om od jlm`gc c om dl `lrjl, od
jlm`gc c dl `lrjl mc ioao odovlrso, ios`omiorso, rctlrso c iospdlzlrso. Dls
`lmlsthddls suspomihils mc ioaom uthdhzlrso om dls
d ls jrõls `uahortls om osto Ostìmilr.
Dls pdltlbcrfls io trlalec (`lmlsthddls) lieumtls l dl pdufl ioaorìm sor lprcalils
pcr od blarh`lmto io dl jrõl.
(2) Od cporlicr ioao ovhtlr odovlr `lrjlr
`lrjl r scaro porscmls.
(:) @ulmic dl jrõl ostì oquhplil, dcs ostlahdhzlicros ioaom ostlr `cfpdotlfomto
oxtomihics y bhecs. Od adcquoc io dcs ostlahdhzlicros ioao `ufpdhr `cm dcs shjuhomtos
roquorhfhomtcs5
(l) Ioao sor subh`homtofomto buorto plrl ovhtlr od lpdlstlfhomtc>
(a) Ioao
sor io tld jrcscr, lm`gc y dcmjhtui plrl scpcrtlr `cfpdotlfomto dl jltl
iod ostlahdhzlicr
(7) Mhvodlr od torromc bhrfo ioalec io tcils dls ddlmtls c dcs pdltcs (zlpltls) io dcs
vìstljcs vorth`ldos. @ulmic dcs scpcrtos scaro od `uld so lpcylm dcs pdltcs mc scm
9<
sufhmhstrlic, ioao sor prcpcr`hcmlic io ctrc fcic yl sol pcr foihc io fliorcs,
u ctrcs fhofarcs ostru`turld plrl ihstrhauhr dl `lrjl l bhm io mc ox`oior dl `lpl`hili
io `lrjl lifhshado iod fltorhld liyl`omto.
(8) Om trìmshtc, dl pdufl ioao ostlr om pcsh`hðm ropdojlil.
(<;) @ulmic jhro dl jrõl, lrrlmquos y bromlics ropomthmcs ioaom ovhtlrso. Dl vodc`hili
rctl`hcmld ioao sor tld quo dl `lrjl mc so aldlm`oo fìs lddì iod rlihc om od `uld puoio
sor `cmtrcdlil.
(<<)Dl jrõl mc ioao iospdlzlrso `cm dl `lrjl om od jlm`gc l fomcs quo od blarh`lmto dc
ro`cfhomio.
(<1)Mc so do porfhto l dls porscmls ostlr c plslr pcr ioalec io uml `lrjl suspomihil.
(i) [rc`oihfhomtc io julrilr y sl`lr dl jrõl . Phjl od prc`oihfhomtc y dl so`uom`hl
so`uom`hl iod blarh`lmto
julrilr y sl`lr dl jrõl.
Po``hðm 11-0.05 Rlrhlic
11-0.0.< Cporlr `or`l io dæmols io omorjæl odè`trh`ls
(l) Dls jrõls ioao cporlrso io fcic quo mhmjuml plrto io dl jrõl hmjroso l dl zcml io
podhjrc fcstrlil om dl Bhj. <:.
OW@O[@HCMOP5
(<) Po puoio hmjroslr l dl zcml io podhjrc duojc io dl `cmbhrfl`hðm pcr plrto io dl porscml
ioshjmlil, quo dl ihstrhau`hðm odè`trh`l y dls dæmols io trlmsfhshðm glm shic ios-omorjhzlils y
scm vhshados om thorrl om od pumtc io trlalec> c
(1) Po puoio hmjroslr l dl zcml io podhjrc, sh so glm hmstldlic alrrols lhsdlmtos (mc os plrto io
dl jrõl mh os um lieumtc) plrl provomhr od `cmtl`tc bæsh`c `cm dls dæmols.
91
MCYL JOMOQLD5 [lrl uml ihstlm`hl fæmhfl rlihl io dl zcml io podhjrc, vèlso Yladl <.
BHJ. <: UCML IO [ODHJQC [LQL JQÕLP X @LQJLP ODORLILP \_O C[OQLM @OQ@L IO DHMOLP
IO YQLMPFHPHÐM ODÈ@YQH@L
YLADL < IHPYLM@HL QO\_OQHIL [LQL _M RCDYLEO MCQFLD OM C[OQL@HCMOP @OQ@L IO
DÆMOLP ODÈ@YQH@LP IO LDYC RCDYLEO X C[OQL@HCMOP OM YQÌMPHYC PHM @LQJL, PHM [D_FL
X @CM OD FÌPYHD IOP@OMIHIC
Rcdtleo mcrfld, Nv
(Blso l blso)
Ihstlm`hl fæmhfl roquorhil
[hos (f) (Mctl (<))
Cporl`hðm `or`lLio
?;dls dæmols odè`trh`ls io ldtl tomshðm
L fìs io ?; glstl 1;;
L fìs io 1;; glstl 0?;
90
<;
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1;
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9.2;
2.<;
L fìs io 0?; glstl ?;;
L fìs io ?;; glstl :?;
L fìs io :?; glstl <.;;;
1?
0?
9?
Cporl`hðm om trìmshtc shm `lrjl, shm pdufl y `cm od fìsthd ios`omihic
L ;.:?
9
L fìs io ;.:? glstl ?;
2
L fìs io 2; glstl 09?
<;
L fìs io 09? glstl :?;
<2
L fìs io :?; glstl <.;;;
1;
:.21
<;.2:
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<.70
0.;?
9.7:
2.<;
(<) [lrl dls dæmols mcfhmldos io ?; nR c pcr
pc r ioalec, uml ihstlm`hl fæmhfl omtro dls dæmols
y `uldquhor plrto io dl jrõl c `lrjl ioaorì sor io <; phos (0 f). [lrl vcdtleos suporhcros, vèlso
od `ulirc <.
(1) Yomjl pro`lu`hðm `ulmic trlaleo `or`l io dls dæmols io scaro`lrjl pcrquo puoiom
fcvorso gcrhzcmtldfomto c vorth`ldfomto ioahic ld vhomtc, fcvhomic dl zcml io podhjrc l uml
muovl pcsh`hðm.
(0) Om trìmshtc shm `lrjl y `cm dl pdufl ios`omihil, dl ihstlm`hl ioao sor `cfc so
ospo`hbh`l om dl Yladl <.
(9) Po lshjmlrì uml porscml `ldhbh`lil quo io soüldos, plrl casorvlr dl ihstlm`hl y ilr dl
livortom`hl
io l`or`lrso
dæfhtos yl
fom`hcmlics.
(a) @uldquhorlmtos
tomihic
io `lados lsodcs
`cmshiorl
`cfc
uml dæmol omorjhzlil
omorjhzlil l fomcs y glstl quo dl
porscml prcphotlrhl io ih`gl dæmol odè`trh`l c io dl
d l uthdhili vorhbhquo quo mc so trltl io uml dæmol
io omorjæl.
(`) Dls ox`op`hcmos l osto prc`oihfhomtc, sh os lprcalil pcr od thtudlr io dls dæmols odè`trh`ls,
pcirì sor `cm`oihil pcr dl lutcrhili lifhmhstrlthvl c rojdlfomtlrhl sh od prc`oihfhomtc
ldtormlthvc prcpcr`hcml uml prcto``hðm oquhvldomto y bhjurl pcr os`rhtc.(i) Po hmstldlrìm soüldos
iurliorls om dl ostl`hðm iod cporlicr y pcr buorl io dl jrõl, livhrthomic quo puoio prciu`hrso
odo`trc`u`hðm c doshcmos `crpcrldos jrlvos l fomcs quo so flmtomjl uml ihstlm`hl fæmhfl io
<; phos (0 f) omtro dl jrõl c dl `lrjl quo so flmoel y
omtro dls dæmols io pcior omorjhzlils.
Po roquhorom flycros ihstlm`hls ioahic ld lufomtc io vcdtleo `cfc so hmih`l om od pìrrlbc 110.0.< (l). Ostls soüldos sorìm rovhslils, porc mc odhfhmlils `ulmic dl eurhsih``hðm dc`ld roquhoro
flycr ihstlm`hls.
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