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EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED BC AGCCBKEHD U [R[ BABKXD[ BJ CD[ YPDKBHENEBJXD[ XPE@RXGPED[ XPE@RX GPED[ LD[Å JGQG XDCBJXEJD (*) 7 BC AGCCBKEHD BJ BC HBPBKFD [R[XGJXEQD Bj bc Hbrbkfd Pdngjd, gc eougc qub bj bc Hbrbkfd hb dtrds pub`cds gjteouds, cgs d`ceogkedjbs brgj (rbcgkedjbs lurîhekgs pgtrendjegcbs) g`sdcutgnbjtb ejtrgjsnese`cbs, ejkcusd bj bc supubstd hb nubrtb hbc gkrbbhdr d hbc hbuhdr, prejkeped qub rbsuctg`g cûoekg kdjsbkubjkeg hb cg gjteoug ehbg hb cg d`ceogkeûj kdnd vîjkucd aujhgnbjtgc y bsbjkegcnbjtb pbrsdjgc y adrngcestg. adrngcestg. Ydstbredrnbjtb, cg trgjsneseûj hb cgs d`ceogkedjbs ndrtes kgusg ccboû g sbr ghnetehg bj Pdng, prenbrd bj su gspbktd gktevd, bstd bs bj cgs gkrbbjkegs, y cubod bj bc pgsevd, bstd bs bj cgs hbuhgs. Ygrg bccd, bc Hbrbkfd Pdngjd rbkurreû g ujg kkeûj kdjsestbjtb bj qub bc fbrbhbrd kdjtejug`g cg pbrsdjg hbc kgusgjtb y, (7).sbr pdr tgjtd, cgbsbjkegcnbjtb d`ceogkeûj jdpbrsdjgc hblg`g hb uj vîjkucd Gktugcnbjtb, cg jdrngtevehgh jdrngtevehgh kevec pbrugjg rboucg hbjtrd hbc Ce`rd QE hbc Kûheod Kevec (KK) cg trgjsnese`ecehgh hb cg d`ceogkeûj g cds fbrbhbrds, sgcvd bc kgsd hb ujg d`ceogkeûj ejfbrbjtb g cg pbrsdjg, cd prdfî`g cg cby d bxestg uj pgktd bj kdjtrgred. Gsî tgn`eåj, bc Ce`rd EQ hbc KK bstg`cbkb bj su grtîkucd 119¹, qub hbshb bc ndnbjtd hb cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg, cds `ebjbs, hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs qub kdjstetuybj cg fbrbjkeg sb trgjsnetbj g sus sukbsdrbs. Bs gsî, qub kdjadrnb gc grtîkucd 117¹ hbc nesnd kubrpd jdrngtevd, bc fbrbhbrd rbspdjhbsdcd hb cgs hbuhgs kgrogs hb cg fbrbjkeg fgstg hdjhby gckgjkbj cds `ebjbs hb bstg. @gld tgc bskbjgred, cds fbrbhbrds rbspdjhbrçj pdr cg hbuhg pdr cgs d`ce- PB[RNBJ Bj bc prbsbjtb Ejadrnb tre`utgred bc gutdr gjgcezg cds babktds hb cg nubrtb hbc hbuhdr bj cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds tre`utgreds d hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg, `gld cg ûptekg hbc Hbrbkfd [ustgjtevd y bc Hbrbkfd Yrdkbsgc. ogkedjbs hbc kgusgjtb, kdjsehbrgjhd ghbnçs qub kdjadrnb gc grtîkucd ?;2¹ hbc KK bc fbrbhbrd bs g tîtucd ujevbrsgc y kdnprbjhb kdnprbjhb cg tdtgcehgh hb cds `ebjbs, hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs qub kdjstetuybj cg fbrbjkeg d ujg kudtg pgrtb hb bccds. Ydr su cghd, bc grtîkucd 615¹ hb cg nesng jdrng bstg`cbkb qub hbjtrd hb cg kgrog hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg sb bjkubjtrgj cds ogstds hb ghnejestrgkeûj, bjtbjheåjhdsb hbjtrd hb bccds cgs hbuhgs tre`utgregs. Bj bsg cîjbg jdrngtevg hbc hbrbkfd kdnüj, bc Kûheod Xre`utgred (KX) hb ngjbrg kdfbrbjtb ejhekg bj su grtîkucd 02¹ qub cg trgjsneseûj hb cg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg g cds sukbsdrbs y hbnçs gh- querbjtbs bs g tîtucd ujevbrsgc y bj bc kgsd hb cg rbspdjsg`ecehgh sdcehgreg bstg`cbkb kdnd cînetb bc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs y hbrbkfds qub rbke`gj cds fbrbhbrds y cbogtgreds. Kg`b ejhekgr qub, bj bc kgsd hb cds fbrbhbrds, bj bstrektd jd bxestb ujg sdcehgrehgh yg qub jd bxestb nçs hb uj hbuhdr tre`utgred qub rbspdjhg ejhestejtgnbjtb pdr ujg nesng hbuhg tre`utgreg, bccd pdr kugjtd bc kdjtre`uybjtb fg hbsgpgrbk hbsgpgrbkehd ehd hb cg rbcgkeûj lurîhekg pdr kdjvbrtersb bj agccbkeh agccbkehd, d, sebjhd qub cds fbrbhbrds cd sustetuybj y rbprbsbjtgj tgc kdnd cd sb÷gcg bc grtîkucd 167¹ hbc KK gc bstg`cbkbr qub pdr cg rbprbsbjtgkeûj sukbsdreg cds hbskbjhebjtbs tebjbj hbrbkfd hb bjtrgr bj bc cuogr y bj bc orghd hb su gskbjhebjtb. Bc fbrbhbrd dkupg pubs bc cuogr hbc kgusgjtb, prdhukeåjhdsb ujg nutgkeûj su`lbtevg bj cg rbcgkeûj lurîhekg tre`utgreg, hb`ebjhd rbspdjhbr pdr cg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg qub cg kdnpdjb, fgstg hdjhb gckgjkbj cds `ebjbs y/d hbrbkfds trgjsnetehds bj cg fbrbjkeg, sebnprb qub bstds bxestgj, yg qub hb jd sbr gsî, sb bstgrîg arbjtb g uj supubstd hb bxtejkeûj hb d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg(0). Cg ejtbrrdogjtb qub surob bs se bc fbrbhbrd qub rbprbsbjtg gc agccbkehd d kgusgjtb kgcekg kdnd sustetutd. Fgy quebjbs kgcekgj bstg setugkeûj lurî - TTTTTT (*) G`doghd hb cg Rjevbrsehgh hb Ceng. Borbsghd hb cg Ngbstrîg hb Hbrbkfd Xre`utgred hb hb cg Ydjtekg Rjevbrsehgh Kgtûcekg hbc Ybrü YRKY. Hepcdnghd Ejtbrjgkedjgc bj Hbrbkfd Xre`utgred y Xre`utgkeûj Aeskgc. Hdkbjtb ujevbrsetgred. (7) regs„, D[XBPCEJO YGPDHE Abcepb y rbyrb.kdn/.../cgTtrgjsnesedjThb KG[XECCD APBUPB Ngred. –Cg Xrgjsneseûj hb cgs d`ceogkedjbs hb tre`utgtre`utg0997. BJ< www.kgsteccdarbyrb.kdn/... www.kgsteccda /cgTtrgjsnesedjThbTcgsTd`ceogkedjbsTgT TcgsTd`ceogkedjbsTgTcdsTfbrbhbrds. cdsTfbrbhbrds. pha. pços. 7 y 0. (0) NDPBJD HB CG KPR\, Cdroed y QBCÇ[WRB\ CÛYB\ HB PGUOGHG, Ybhrd. Ybhrd. "Pbspdjsg`cb [dcehgred bj kgcehgh hb ghquerbjtb y sukbsdr hb cg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg". BJ< EV Ldrjghgs hb Hbrbkfd Hbrbkfd Xre`utgred, Xre`utgred, 099?, pços. 766 g 759. 75 ? 7 9 0 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED 09 ? 7 9 0 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G hekg kdnd ujg –sukbseûj tre`utgreg„ hestejtg g cg ejstetukeûj hbc –sustetutd„ qub rbbnpcgzg gc kdjtre`uybjtb, kdnd pdr blbnpcd dpbrg bj bc kgsd hb cds gobjtbs hb rbtbjkeûj. Ygrg tgc babktd, sb÷gcgj g cg sukbseûj tre`utgreg kdnd gqubccg qub dpbrg bj cg nbhehg qub bxestg bc agccbkenebjtd d bxtejkeûj hbc d`ceoghd tre`utgred, y qub kdnd kdjsbkubjkeg hb bstb fbkfd, cg tdtgcehgh hb cds hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs qub kdrrbspdjhg gc agccbkehd d bxtejouehd sb trgjsnetb gc sukbsdr (trgjsneseûj ujevbrsgc), quebj sb su`rdog g gqubc bj cgs rbcgkedjbs lurîhekgs hb cg qub brg tetucgr, bstd bs bj cgs rbcgkedjbs su`lbtevgs pgsevgs (hbuhgs tre`utgregs) y bj cgs setugkedjbs su`lbtevg gktevgs hbrevghgs hb cgs prenbr prenbrgs gs (hbrbk (hbrbkfds fds y/d kråhetds tre`utgreds) y bstg`cbkb kdnd heabrbjkeg hbc sustetutd qub bstb bs sulbtd pgsevd hb cg d`ceog d`ceogkeûj keûj tre`utgreg, tre`utgreg, nebjtrgs qub bc sukbsdr tre`utgred sdcd sbrç hbuhdr se sb kdcdkg bj cg pdsekeûj hb uj sulbtd pgsevd u dtrd d`ceoghd tre`utgred= `utgr ed= ghbnç ghbnçs, s, cg bxestbj bxestbjkeg keg hb uj sukbsdr prbsupdjb cg hbsgpgrekeûj hbc kdjtre`uybjtb bj kuyd cuogr sb kdcdkg, g heabrbjkeg hbc sustetutd qub sb kdcdkg bj cuogr hbc kdjtre`uybjtb qub güj bxestb. Aejgcnbjtb, bc sukbsdr jd tebjb hbrbkfd hbc rbbn`dcsd y bstç sulbtd g ghquerer cgs d`ceogkedjbs hb su kgusgjtb bj bc bstghd bj qub cb fu`ebrg kdrrbspdjhehd g bstb, pdr blbnpcd bc kûnputd hbc pcgzd hb hb prbskrepkeûj hb cgs agkuctghbs hb cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg qub fu`ebrg trgjskurrehd bj kg`bzg hbc kgusgjtb, pgsg bj cgs nesngs kdjhekedjbs g cg kg`bzg hb cds fbrbhbrds, setugkeûj kdjtrgreg bj bc kgsd hbc sustetutd rbspbktd hbc kugc kdrrb su prdped pcgzd hb prbskrepkeûj(0). [gejz Hb @ulgjhg grng qub "kugjhd "kugjhd ujg pbrsdjg nubrb, cgs rbcgkedjbs lurîhekgs bj cgs qub bc kgusgjtb brg sulbtd gktevd d pgsevd jd sb bxtejoubj, sejd qub objbrgcnbjtb pgsgj g cds jubvds tetucgrbs hb su pgtrendjed. Gsî, dkurrb tgn`eåj bj ngtbreg ngtbreg tre`utgreg< cg pdsekeûj hbc kgusgjtb, kdnd sulbtd pgsevd, pgsg g su sukbsdr"(;). Bj sung, sb pubhb grngr qub prdhu- kehg cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg, bc fbrbhbrd cd sukbhb bj cg rbcgkeûj lurîhekg tre`utgreg gsunebjhd cgs d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs fgstg pdr bc cînetb hbc vgcdr ndjtd hb cds `ebjbs y hbrbkfds hbrbkfds trgjsnetehds, jd kgcekgjhd prdpegnbjtb kdnd uj sustetutd. Ydr dtrd cghd, bc ndhbcd hb Kûheod Xre`utgred hbc Kbjtrd Ejtbrgnbrekgjd hb Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg (KEGX), sb÷gcg bj su grtîkucd ;7¹, `gld bc tîtucd hb sukbsdr ndrtes kgusg, qub cds hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs hbc kdjtre`uybjtb agccbkehd sbrçj blbrkehds d, bj su kgsd, kunpcehds pdr bc sukbsdr g tîtucd ujevbrsgc hb gkubrhd g cgs jdngs kevecbs qub sbgj hb gpcekgkeûj y sej pbrlueked ghquerer cg kgcehgh hb pgrtb, sdceketgjhd ejorbsgr kdnd pgrtb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc(2). Cg kdjsuctg g pcgjtbgr bs quå sukbhb se uj kdjtre`uybjtb agccbkb y sb bjkubjtrgj bj trçnetb hevbrsds prdkbsds ghnejestrgtevds gjtb cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg. Bc Kûheod Yrdkbsgc Kevec (KYK) rboucg cg [ukbseûj Yrdkbsgc bj su grtîkucd hbc `bjbked hbc ejvbjtgred. Bs hbker, 796¹, hbjeåjhdcg kdnd gqubccg pdr cg hekfd ndhbcd hb Kûheod Xre`utgred jd rboucg cd qub yg bxestb bj bc hbrbkfd kdnüj, yg qub sb trgtg hb uj tbng jbtgnbjtb kevec, setugkeûj hesînec g cg jdrngtevehgh pbrugjg qub cd rboucg kdnd uj supubstd hb rbspdjsg`ecehgh sdcehgreg(8). Pbsuctg kcgrd qub bc agccbkehd puhd fg- kugc uj sulbtd dkupg bc cuogr hb dtrd bj uj prdkbsd, gc rbbnpcgzgrcd kdnd tetucgr gktevd d pgsevd hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd, puheåjhdsb prbsbjtgr, bjtrb dtrds supubstds, kugjhd agccbkehg ujg pbrsdjg qub sbg pgrtb bj bc prdkbsd, bs rbbnpcgzghg pdr uj sukbsdr, sgcvd qub bxestg hespdsekeûj cbogc bj kdjtrgred. Bj bsb sbjtehd, cg Kdrtb [uprbng fg sb÷gcghd cg jucehgh hb cg gktevehgh prdkbsgc qub sb rbgcekb cubod qub ujg hb cgs pgrtbs fg pbrhehd cg kgpgkehgh d tetucgrehgh hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd< `br sehd pgrtb hb ujpdhrîg prdkbsd luhekegc d ghnejestrgtevd qub bjkdjtrgrsb bj kursd kugjhd sukbheû bc fbkfd hb cg nubrtb. Bs gsî qub cg nubrtb kdjstetuyb uj gkdjtbkenebjtd enprbvese`cb b ejbvetg`cb, qub pubhb gckgjzgr g ujg pbrsdjg qub tbjog cg kgcehgh hb pgrtb bj cg rbcgkeûj prdkbsgc. Bj prejkeped, cds fbrbhbrds hbc kgusgjtb tebjbj ujg vdkgkeûj g cg kdjtejugkeûj hbc prdkbsd hdjhb su kgusgfg`ebjtb brg pgrtb. [ej bn`grod, cg kdjtejugkeûj hbc lueked pdr cds fbrbhbrds hbpbjhbrç hb cg gktetuh qub bccds gsungj arbjtb g cg hbcgkeûj hb cg fbrbjkeg, bstd bs, hbc ccgngnebjtd hb Ydr cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc uj sulbtd dkupg bc cuogr hb dtrd bj uj prdkbsd, gc rbbnpcgzgrcd kdnd tetucgr gktevd d pgsevd hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd. [b prbsbjtg cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc kuçjhd agccbkehg ujg pbrsdjg qub sbg pgrtb bj bc prdkbsd, bs rbbnpcgzghg pdr su sukbsdr= cg agctg hb kdnpgrbkbjkeg hb cds sukbsdrbs, hbtbrnejg qub kdjtejüb bc prdkbsd kdj uj kurghdr prdkbsgc. [brç jucg cg gktevehgh prdkbsgc qub sb rbgcekb hbspuås qub ujg hb cgs pgrtbs fg pbrhehd cg kgpgkehgh d tetucgrehgh hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd. ([bjtbjkeg Kdrtb [uprbng ‛ [gcg Kevec Ybrng- cg cby g gkbptgrcg d rbpuhegrcg. [dcd se gkbptgj cg fbrbjkeg surob cg pdse`ecehgh hb ngtbregcezgr cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc bj uj lueked pbjhebjtb hdjhb bc kgusgjtb tbjîg cg kgcehgh hb pgrtb. Bsg sukbseûj prdkbsgc tgn`eåj pdhrîg hgrsb bj rbcgkeûj gc cbogtgred hb bspbkeb= se agccbkb bc kgusgjtb qub bstg`g ceteogjhd sd`rb cg bspbkeb ejkcuehg kdnd jbjtb/Bxpbhebjtb J¼ 828?-0972). Cg Yrenbrg Hespdsekeûj Kdnpcbnbjtgreg Aejgc hbc KYK, bstg`cbkb qub sus hespdsekedjbs sb gpcekgj supcbtdregnbjtb g cds hbnçs drhbjgnebjtds prdkbsgcbs, sebnprb qub sbgj kdnpgte`cbs kdj su jgturgcbzg. G su vbz, cg Cby J¼ 0?888 ‛ Cby hbc Yrdkbhenebjtd Ghnejestrgtevd Objbrgc (CYGO), gc rboucgr cds Yrejkepeds hbc Hbrbkfd Ghnejestrgtevd, 0 BC AGCCBKEHD BJ BC HBPBKFD YPDKB[GC cboghd, bc tbrkbrd `bjbkegred pubhb TTTTTT (0) NDPBJD HB CG KPR\, KPR\, Cdroed y QBCÇ[WRB\ QBCÇ[WRB\ CÛYB\ HB PGUOGHG, Ybhrd. "Pbspdjsg`cb [dcehgred bj kgcehgh hb ghquerbjtb y sukbsdr hb cg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg". BJ< EV Ldrjghgs hb Hbrbkfd Hbrbkfd Xre`utgred, Xre`utgred, 099?, pços. 766 g 759. (;) [GEJ\ HB @RLGJHG, Abrjgjhd. –Cbkkedjbs hb Hbrbkfd Aejgjkebrd„. Aejgjkebrd„. Ketghd pdr GCQG NGXXBRKKE, Ngred. Cg nubrtb nubrtb hb ujg ujg pbrsdjg pbrsdjg y bc suroenebjt suroenebjtd d hb cg sukbseûj sukbseûj ejhevesg< ´Wuå enpcekgj enpcekgjkegs kegs tre`utgreg tre`utgregss sb objbrgj4 (fttp<//`cdo.pukp.bhu.pb/`cdo/`cdohbngredgcvg/0979/9;/72/cg-nubrtb-hb-ujg-pbrsdjgy-bc-suroenebjtd-hb-cg-sukbsedj-ejhevesg-qub-enpcekgjkegs-tre`utgregs-sb-objbrgj/). (8) KBJXPD EJXBPGNBPEKGJD HB GHNEJE[XPGKEDJB[ XPE@RXGPEG[. –Ndhbcd hb Kûheod Xre`utgred KEGX„. G÷d 0972. BJ< fttps<//www.kegt.dro. (2) PDNBPD [BORBC, Gcblgjhrd. Gcblgjhrd. –Cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc prdkbsgc d kgn`ed hb pgrtbs bj bj bc prdkbsd kevec„. BJ< Pbvestg Pbvestg Eus Bx Yrgxes ‛ Kfecb, g÷d 7? J¹ 7, 0977, pço. 081. EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED ejkcuyb bc prejkeped hbc hb`ehd prdkbhenebjtd g trgvås hbc kugc cg rboucgkeûj prdpeg hbc Hbrbkfd Yrdkbsgc Kevec bs gpcekg`cb sdcd bj kugjtd sbg kdnpgte`cb kdj bc råoenbj ghnejestrgtevd. @gld cg jdrngtevehgh sb÷gcghg, sb pubhb grngr qub cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc bs ujg ejstetukeûj lurîhekg gpcekg`cb g cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds kugjhd agccbkb ujg pbrsdjg kdnd tetucgr pgsevd hb ujg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg qub hb`b gc Aeskd, hb`ebjhd sbr rbbnpcgzghg pdr uj sukbsdr. ; BC AGCCBKEHD BJ CD[ YPDKBHENEBJXD[ XPE@RXGPED[ XPE@RX GPED[ Bc tbng g gjgcezgr g kdjtejugkeûj sdj cds babktds hbc agccbkehd bj cds prdkbhenebjtds tre`utgreds, yg qub pdhrîg sukbhbr bj uj prdkbhenebjtd kdjtbjkedsd, jd kdjtbjkedsd, hb kd`rgjzg d hb skgcezgkeûj. ;.7 Bc Yrdkbhenebjtd Ghnejestrgtevd Xre`utgred Bj ngtbreg sustgjtevg, sb fg grnghd qub prdhukehg cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg, bc fbrbhbrd cd sukbhb bj cg rbcgkeûj lurîhekg tre`utgreg gsunebjhd gsunebjhd cgs d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs fgstg pdr bc cînetb hbc vgcdr ndjtd hb cds `ebjbs y hbrbkfds trgjsnetehds. [ebjhd gsî, kugjhd ujg pbrsdjg jgturgc agccbkb kdj ujg hbuhg tre`utgreg pbjhebjtb hb pgod, gc fbrbhbrd cb kdrrbspdjhbrç bvgcugr su setugkeûj kdnd hbuhdr tre`utgred qub gpgrbkbrç bj cuogr hbc agccbkehd. Cds fbrbhbrds rbspdjhbrçj pdr cgs d`ceogkedjbs hbc kgusgjtb, setugkeûj qub pubhb sukbhbr bxestebjhd d jd tbstgnbjtd, cd qub sb hbjdnejg –sukbseûj ejtbstghg„ y bj hekfg setugkeûj cds fbrbhbrds pubhbj tdngr cg hbkeseûj hb rbgcezgr ujg heveseûj y pgrtekeûj hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg d senpcbnbjtb qub jd cd rbgcekbj bj hekfd ndnbjtd y sb ngjtbjogj kdnd kdprdpebtgreds. Pbsuctg pbrtejbjtb gkdtgr qub kdjadrnb gc grtîkucd 71?¹ hbc KX, pdr su jgturgcbzg pbrsdjgc, jd sdj trgjsnese`cbs g cds fbrbhbrds y cbogtgreds cgs sgjkedjbs pdr ejargkkedjbs tre`utgregs, rgzûj pdr cg kugc bstb tepd hb d`ceogkedjbs sb hb`bj kdjsehbrgr bxtejouehgs bj cgKdj dpdrtujehgh hbc hbkbsd hbc kgusgjtb. cd kugc cgs d`ceogkedjbs qub sb trgjsnetbj pdr kgusg hb nubrtb sbrçj tdhgs gqubccgs objbrghgs pdr bc kgusgjtb qub jd sbgj prdhuktd hb ejargkkedjbs tre`utgregs, pdr bc kgrçktbr pbrsdjgcîsend qub tebjbj bstgs. Bj bsb kdjtbxtd, bxestebjhd d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs qub sb trgjsnetbj y bj tgjtd jd fgyg heveseûj y pgrtekeûj hb cds `ebjbs, cd qub bxestb bs ujg ngsg fbrbhetgreg kdjstetuehg pdr cds gktevds y pgsevds qub cb pbrtbjbkbj pbrtbjbkbj g cds fbrbhbrds y pdr cg kugc rbspdjhbrçj pdr cgs hbuhgs tre`utgregs fgstg hdjhb gckgjkbj cds `ebjbs hb bstg. Gc rbspbktd, bc grtîkucd grtîkucd 627¹ hbc KK bstg`cbkb qub nebjtrgs cg fbrbjkeg pbrngjbzkg ejhevesg sbrç ghnejestrghg pdr bc gc`gkbg, pdr bc gpdhbrghd kdnüj jdn`rghd pdr tdhds cds fbrbhbrds d pdr uj ghnejestrghdr luhekegc. @gld bsb drhbj hb ehbgs bj bc XRYG hb cg [RJGX sb bstg`cbkb bc prdkbhenebjtd trbs g sbouer pgrg cg ndhekgkeûj hb hgtds bj bc Pboestrd Üjekd hb Kdjtre`uybjtbs (PRK), hb pbrsdjg jgturgc g sukbseûj ejhevesg, bxeoeåjhdsb bj tgc kgsd cg prbsbjtgkeûj hb adtdkdpeg senpcb hb cg pgrtehg d gktg hb hbaujkeûj hbc kgusgjtb bnetehg pdr cg Nujekepgcehgh kdrrbspdjhebjtb. Gsenesnd, tgn`eåj bc prdkbhenebjtd kejkd rboucg cg `glg hb ejskrepkeûj bj bc PRK bj kgsd qub sb hå ujg pgrtekeûj bxtrgluhekegc, pdr tbstgnbjtd, bskreturg pü`cekg d hdkunbjtd prevghd kdj Bs bj bsb sbjtehd, qub bc grtîkucd 7?¹ hb cg Cby hbc Enpubstd g cg Pbjtg (CEP) bstg`cbkb qub cgs rbjtgs hb cgs sukbsedjbs ejhevesgs sb rbputgrçj, pgrg cds jbs hbc enpubstd, kdnd hb ujg pbrsdjg jgturgc, fgstg bc ndnbjtd bj qub sb hektb cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds d sb ejskre`g bj cds Pboestrds Yü`cekds bc tbstgnbjtd. Bj kdjsbkubjkeg, cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg rbspdjhb pdr cgs hbuhgs tre`utgregs hbc agccbkehd y su pbrsdjgcehgh, se `ebj bs lurîhekgnbjtb hbjehg, jd bxestb adrngcnbjtb su hbkcgrgtdreg, bj tgc kgsd cg gktevehgh bkdjûnekg sbouerç aujkedjgjhd kdnd tgc, gujqub jd pdhrçj hespdjbr hb cds `ebjbs pdr kugjtd pgrg bccd sb rbquebrb hbtbrnejgr g cds fbrbhbrds y bc pdrkbjtglb qub kdrrbspdjhb g kghg ujd hb bccds. ;.7.0 ;.7. 0 Hbk Hbkcgr cgrgtdr gtdreg eg hb Fbrb Fbrbhbr hbrds ds d [ukbseûj Ejtbstghg bj ngtbreg tre`utgreg Yrdhukehg cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg sb objbrg epsd eurb cg sukbseûj ejhevesg pdr cg kugc hbshb bsb ndnbjtd cds `ebjbs, hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs qub kdjstetuybj cg fbrbjkeg sb trgjsnetbj g sus sukbsdrbs, tgc kdnd cd bxprbsg bc grtîkucd 119¹ hbc KK. Dpbrghg cg sukbseûj ejhevesg, trgjskurrb uj tebnpd fgstg qub sb rbgcekb cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds yg sbg bj vîg luhekegc d jdtgregc. Bj bsg setugkeûj, güj jd dpbrg jejoujg trgjsneseûj adrngc qub hbtbrnejb bc jünbrd hb cds fbrbhbrds y bc qugjtun hb cg trgjsneseûj hb `ebjbs pdr kghg fbrbhbrd, gjtb tgc setugkeûj bc prdkbhenebjtd tre`u- Bstg setugkeûj lurîhekg dpbrg kugjhd sb rbkurrb g cg gutdrehgh luhekegc d gjtb jdtgred g babktds hb qub sb hbkcgrbj adrngcnbjtb g cds fbrbhbrds y g pgrter hb bccd sb kdjstetuyg ujg jubvg kgtbodrîg lurîhekg bj cds `ebjbs qub kdrrbspdjhb g cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg. Cg sukbseûj ejtbstghg sb ejskre`b bj bc rboestrd hb sukbsedjbs y pdstbredrnbjtb bj cds `ebjbs rboestrg`cbs qub bstg`gj g jdn`rb hbc kgusgjtb. Bj bsb sbjtehd, kdjadrnb sb÷gcgj cgs jdrngs hbc hbrbkfd kdnüj, nebjtrgs cg fbrbjkeg pbrngjbzkg ejhevesg sbrç ghnejestrghg pdr bc gc`gkbg, pdr bc gpdhbrghd kdnüj jdn`rghd pdr tdhds cds fbrbhbrds d pdr uj ghnejestrghdr luhekegc. Bj bc çn`etd tre`utgred, bc grtîkucd 7?¹ hb cg CEP bstg`cbkb qub kugjhd sb hektg cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds d sb ejskre`g bj cds Pboestrds Yü`cekds bc tbstgnbjtd y pdr bc pbredhd qub trgjskurrg fgstg cg abkfg bj qub sb ghluhequbj luhekegc d bxtrgluhekegcnbjtb cds `ebjbs qub kdjstetuybj cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg, bc kûjyuob supårstetb, cds fbrbhbrds y cds hbnçs sukbsdrbs g tîtucd orgtuetd hb`brçj ejkdrpdrgr g sus prdpegs rbjtgs cg prdpdrkeûj qub cbs kdrrbspdjhg bj cgs rbjtgs hb cg sukbseûj hb gkubrhd kdj su pgrtekepgkeûj bj bc gkbrvd sukbsdred, bxkbptd bj cds kgsds bj qub cds cbogtgreds hb`gj kdnputgr tgred ngjtebjb uj nesnd jünbrd hb ehbjtekgkeûj tre`utgreg (PRK) ndhekgjhd su kdjhekeûj hb pbrsdjg jgturgc g sukbseûj ejhevesg. cgs prdhukehgs pdr cds `ebjbs cboghds. Ydr su cghd, bc grtîkucd 7?¹ hbc KX, hbtbrnejg cg rbspdjsg`ecehgh sdcehgreg hb cds fbrbhbrds d cbogtgreds fgstg pdr rngs cbogcezghgs jdtgregcnbjtb y hb trgtgrsb hb ujg rbsdcukeûj luhekegc, cg rbsdcukeûj luhekegc hb pgrtekeûj. ;.7.7 Cg [ukbseûj Ejhevesg bj ngtbreg tre`utgreg 07 ? 7 9 0 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED bc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs qub rbke`bj, setugkeûj qub dpbrg kdj cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds qub hbtbrnejg cd qub kdrrbspdjhb g kghg fbrbhbrd kdnd kdprdpebtgred, yg qub cds fbrbhbrds sdj hbkcgrghds adrngcnbjtb kdnd tgcbs y bj kdjsbkubjkeg rboestrgcnbjtb gpgrbkbj kdnd cds jubvds prdpebtgreds y gsî sb gjdtgrç bj bc rboestrd hb sukbsedjbs y pdr kghg `ebj qub g pgrter hb cg ejskrepkeûj sbrç uj hbrbkfd dpdje`cb gjtb tbrkbrds. Bs hbker, cg jdrng hbc Enpubstd g cg Pbjtg (EP) bstg`cbkb uj trgtgnebjtd kdfbrbjtb gc KX y hbtbrnejg qub cds sukbsdrbs tre`utgreds rbspdjhbrçj fgstg pdr bc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs qub rbke`gj. Jd d`stgjtb gjtbs hb cg heveseûj y pgrtekeûj, gc bxester hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds, bxestb uj ghnejestrghdr hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg, sebjhd qub hb trgtgrsb hb ujg ujehgh hb prdhukkeûj d hb kdnbrked, bccg sbouerç bxestebjhd objbrgjhd dpbrgkedjbs bkdjûnekgs y kdnd tgc d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs. 00 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G ;.7.8 Cg [ukbseûj Yrdkbsgc Yrdkbsgc bj ngtbreg ngtbreg Ghnejestrgtevg Ghnejestrgte vg Xre`utgreg cd kugc, cg sukbseûj ejhevesg dkupgrç bc cuogr hbc agccbkehd bj bc prdkbhenebjtd tre`utgred y tdhd gktd ghnejestrgtevd hb`brç bstgr hereoehd g cg sukbseûj ejhevesg, kgsd kdjtrgred bc gktd rbsuctgrç jucd yg qub bc agccbkehd hblû hb tbjbr kgpgkehgh lurîhekg y tetucgrehgh hb cds hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs. Ydr tgjtd, tdhg jdtekgkeûj gc agccbkehd bs jucg y gsî cd fg sb÷gcghd bc Xre`ujgc Aeskgc (XA) bj su Pbsdcukeûj (PXA) J¹ 8;;1-W-0971. Bc ejkdjvbjebjtb pgrg cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg sb pubhb hgr kugjhd jd sb fu`ebrb kunpcehd kdj ejskre`er cg sukbseûj ejhevesg y pdr bjhb jd sb fu`ebsb fbkfd cg ndhekgkeûj hb hg tds, jd bxestebjhd adrngcnbjtb uj sulbtd hb hbrbkfds qub rbprbsbjtb gc kdjtre`uybjtb. Bj tgc kgsd, cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg, kdjadrnb g cg P. hb [. J¹ 079- Kugjhd sb rbgcezg cg pgrtekeûj hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg, cg rbspdjsg`ecehgh tre`utgreg hbc sukbsdr tre`utgred cb gckgjzg fgstg bc cînetb hbc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs qub rbke`eû, kdjsehbrgjhd qub prdpegnbjtb jd bxestb ujg sdcehgrehgh bjtrb fbrbhbrds, sejd qub kghg fbrbhbrd rbspdjhbrç pdr su pgrtb y hbkcgrgrç sus prdpegs rbjtgs. Gsî bc grtîkucd 7?¹ hb cg CEP sb÷gcg qub ujg vbz dpbrghg cg ghluhekgkeûj luhekegc luhe kegc d bxtrglu bxtrgluheke hekegc gc hb hb cds `ebj `ebjbs bs qub qub kdjstetuybj cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg, kghg ujd hb cds fbrbhbrds hb`brç kdnputgr cgs rbjtgs prdhukehgs pdr cds `ebjbs qub sb cbs fgyg ghluhekghd. Bj bsg nesng cîjbg, bc prdkbhenebjtd kejkd hbc XRYG hb cg [RJGX rboucg cg `glg hb ejskrepkeûj bj bc PRK hbc kgusgjtb bj kgsd qub sb hå ujg pgrtekeûj bxtrgluhekegc, pdr tbstgnbjtd, bskreturg pü`cekg d hdkunbjtd prevghd kdj Bc KX y cg CYGO jd rboucgj cg ejstetukeûj hb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc, sebjhd hb gpcekgkeûj supcbtdreg bc KYK, sebnprb qub sbg kdnpgte`cb kdj cg jgturgcbzg hbc prdkbhenebjtd ghnejestrgtevd tre`utgred. [ebjhd bsd gsî, bj cds prdkbhenebjtds tre`utgreds kdrrbspdjhb gjgcezgr gc sulbtd sukbsdr qub dkupgrîg bc cuogr hbc agccbkehd, gc rbbnpcgzgrcd kdnd tetucgr gktevd d pgsevd hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd. Cg jdrng prdkbsgc bstg`cbkb hds babktds hb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc< (e) Cg agctg hb kdnpgrbkbjkeg hb cds sukbsdrbs, qub hbtbrnejg qub kdjtejüb bc prdkbsd kdj uj kurghdr prdkbsgc y (ee) Cg jucehgh hb cg gktevehgh prdkbsgc qub sb rbgcekb hbspuås qub ujg hb cgs pgrtbs fg pbrhehd cg kgpgkehgh d tetucgrehgh hbc hbrbkfd heskutehd. Bs hbker, cg kdjtejuehgh hbc prdkbsd sdcd bs pdse`cb kdj cg kdnpgrbkbjkeg hb cds sukbsdrbs, bjteåjhgsb fbrbhbrds kdjadrnb g cgs jdrngs hbc hbrbkfd kdnüj y se bstds bstds jd kdnpgr kdnpgrbkbj bkbj sb jdn` jdn`rg rg uj kurghdr prdkbsgc. U pdr dtrd cghd, bc prdkbsd jd kdjtejüg fgstg qub gpgrbzkg bc sukbsdr, sebjhd jucg kugcquebr gktevehgh prdkbsgc kugjhd ujg hb cgs pgrtbs fg pbrhehd kgpgkehgh d tetucgrehgh. Kdrrbspdjhb bjtdjkbs bvgcugr cg gpcekgkeûj hb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc y sus rbocgs bj ngtbreg ghnejestrgtevg. [b fgj bvgcughd cds heabrbjtbs ndnbjtds pdstbredrbs gc agccbkehd< Cg sukbseûj ejhevesg, sukbsdr tre`utgred qub dpbrg epsd eurb y cds fbrbhbrds hbkcgrghds luhekegc d jdtgregcnbjtb qub sustetuybj gc agccbkehd `gld bc bsqubng hb cg rbspdjsg`ecehgh tre`utgreg hb cds sukbsdrbs, rngs cbogcezghgs jdtgregcnbjtb y hb pgrg jgcnbjtb ccbogr g cg setugkeûj hb Fgy ujg su`rdogkeûj hbc kgusgjtb pdr trgtgrsb hb ujg rbsdcukeûj luhekegc cg rbsdcukeûj luhekegc hb pgrtekeûj. Bs hbker, tre`utgregnbjtb sdcd kdrrbspdjhb cg hbkcgrgkeûj y pgod hb tre`utds hb cds fbrbhbrds hb cds jubvds `ebjbs qub aubrdj prdhuktd hb cg heveseûj y pgrte- cg heveseûj y pgrtekeûj hb cds `ebjbs g agvdr hb cds fbrbhbrds hbkcgrghds. Bj bsb sbjtehd, se bj uj prdkbhenebjtd tre`utgred bc kdjtre`uybjtb agccbkb, epsd eurb dpbrg cg sukbseûj ejhevesg, pgrg bccd bc prdkbhenebjtd ; hbc XRYG pgrtb hb cds fbrbhbrds qub tdngj su cuogr y cg jdrng pbrugjg cbs dtdrog ujg rbspdjsg`ecehgh tre`utgreg bj kgcehgh hb ghquerbjtbs, fgstg pdr bc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs qub rbke`bj. Bstds fbrbhbrds qub güj sdj kdprdpebtgreds, sdj keûj hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg. Hbjehg cg setugkeûj lurîhekg hbc fbrb- hb cg [RJGX rboucg cg ndhekgkeûj hb cds hgtds hbc PRK g j hb qub bc hbrd bj ngtbreg tre`utgreg rbsuctg jbkbsgred gjgcezgr cg gpcekgkeûj hb cg su- jdn`rb hbc hbuhdr pgsb hb sbr pbrsdjg jgturgc g sukbseûj ejhevesg. Kdj cds jubvds tetucgrbs hb cds `ebjbs hb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg y cds d`ceoghds bj kgcehgh hb ghquerbjtbs. Bs enpdrtgjtb ejhekgr qub kdjadrnb ;.7.; Heveseûj y Ygrtekeûj bj ngtbreg tre`utgreg ? 7 9 0 kbseûj prdkbsgc bj cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds bj cds qub gpgrbkb bc agccbkehd y cgs heabrbjtbs btgpgs qub rbkdrrb, yg sbg qub sb trgtb hb cg sukbseûj ejhevesg d bj cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds kdj cg pdstbredr heveseûj y pgrtekeûj. 0998/[RJGX, pubhb ejskre`er hb dked bj bc PRK kdnd rbprbsbjtgjtbs hb ujg sukbseûj ejhevesg g sus ejtborgjtbs, gc ghnejestrghdr d gc rbprbsbjtgjtb cbogc d hbseojghd, hb sbr bc kgsd. Bc prdkbhenebjtd ghnejestrgtevd jd kdjkcuyb, sejd qub sb suspbjhb fgstg qub dpbrb cg sukbseûj y sb kdjtejüb bc prdkbsd, sebjhd qub cgs jdrngs gpcekg`cbs hb ngjbrg supcbtdreg, sdj cg hbc KK y KYK. Hb eougc adrng, kugjhd dkurrb cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds, bstds sb kdjvebrtbj bj cds jubvds hbuhdrbs tre`utgreds qub sustetuybj gc agccbkehd, rbbnpcgzçjhdcd. Nçs güj kdjsehbrgjhd qub cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg sb ngjtebjb kdj cg nesng ujehgh hb prdhukkeûj d hb kdnbrked= cds fbrbhbrds tdngj bc cuogr hbc agccbkehd kdjtejugjhd kdj cg gktevehgh bkdjûnekg y sustetuybj gc kdjtre`uybjtb bj bc prdkbhenebjtd ghnejestrgtevd bj bc bstghd bj qub sb bjkdjtrgrg, tgc kdnd cd rboucg bc KYK, y bs qub bccd sb bjtebjhb pdr cg trgjsneseûj sukbsdreg hbshb bc ndnbjtd hb cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg qub rboucgj cgs jdrngs hbc hbrbkfd kdnüj. EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED gc grtîkucd 6?7¹ hbc KK, nebjtrgs cg fbrbjkeg pbrngjbkb ejhevesg, cg d`ceogkeûj hb pgogr cgs hbuhgs hbc kgusgjtb orgvetg sd`rb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg= pbrd fbkfg cg pgrtekeûj, kghg ujd hb cds fbrbhbrds rbspdjhb hb bsgs hbuhgs bj prdpdrkeûj g su kudtg fbrbhetgreg. Yubhb dkurrer qub cg sukbseûj ejhevesg sb ngjtbjog pdr nukfd tebnpd y jd fgyg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds= bj bsg kerkujstgjkeg surob cg ejtbrrdogjtb sd`rb se s e cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg cg pubhb sdceketgr luhekegcnbjtb, gcbogjhd cboîtend ejtbrås bkdjûnekd kdnd gkrbbhdr tre`utgred bj kgsd sb trgtb hb uj prdkbhenebjtd qub ejvdcukrg hbuhg tre`utgreg. Gc rbspbktd, bc grtîkucd QE hbc Xîtucd Yrbcenejgr hbc KK rboucg bc ejtbrås pgrg d`rgr, bstg`cbkebjhd qub pgrg blbrketgr d kdjtbstgr ujg gkkeûj bs jbkbsgred tbjbr cboîtend ejtbrås bkdjûnekd d ndrgc. Bj kgsd qub sb bjkubjtrb ejvdcukrghg ujg hbuhg tre`utgreg y jd bxestebjhd ejtbrås pdr pgrtb hb cg sukbseûj ejhevesg, cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg pdhrîg hbngjhgr luhekegcnbjtb kdnd –tbrkbrd kdj cboîtend ejtbrås bkdjûnekd„ cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds. Nçs güj, se puhebrgj bxester `ebjbs jd rboestrg`cbs hb vgcdr qub puhebrgj pdstbredrnbjtb sbr ngtbreg hb heveseûj y pgrtekeûj, kdjadrnb gc grtîkucd 6?2¹ hbc KK, bc gkrbbhdr hb cg fbrbjkeg pubhb dpdjbrsb g cg pgrtekeûj y gc pgod d bjtrbog hb cds cboghds, nebjtrgs jd sb cb sgtesagog su hbuhg d sb cb gsbourb bc pgod. Gsenesnd, Gsene snd, bj bc kgsd qub dpbrb cg heveseûj y pgrtekeûj, pgrtekeûj, gpgrbk gpgrbkbj bj hb ngjbrg ngjbrg pujtugc cds jubvds hbuhdrbs tre`utgreds, y hblg hb tbjbr sbjtehd bc PRK hbc agccbkehd pdr cd kugc sb cb hg hb `glg kdjadrnb gc prdkbhenebjtd kejkd hbc XRYG hb [RJGX. Cgs gkkedjbs hb cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg qub puhebrgj fg`br gabktghd cds `ebjbs rboestrg`cbs sb ngjtbjhrçj bj cg pgrtehg fgstg bc ndjtd sb÷gcghd kdrrbspdjhebjhd su hbsgabktgkeûj gc jubvd prdpebtgred kdnd sukbsdr. keûj g trgvås hb hevbrsds tepds hb bn`grods, gabktçjhdsb gabktçjhdsb `ebjbs y hbrbkfds hb cds hbuhdrbs tre`utgreds, bs bj tgc setugkeûj qub pdhrîg sukbhbr qub uj kdjtre`uybjtb tbjog sus kubjtgs `gjkgregs d pdr kd`rgr bn`groghgs, gsî tgn`eåj sus `ebjbs rboestrg`cbs kdnd vbfîkucds, ejnub`cbs ejnub`cbs,, ngrkgs u dtrd tepd hb `ebjbs, sb bjkubjtrb bj ujg btgpg hb blbkukeûj adrzghg= dkurrehd bc agccbkenebjtd hbc kdjtre`uybjtb, rbsuctg jbkbsgred gjgcezgr cds babktds lurîhekds tre`utgreds tre`utgreds kugjhd bc hbuhdr tre`utgred sb bjkubjtrg bj uj prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg. Cubod hb cd bxprbsghd, sb pubhb gr ngr qub gjtb bc agccbkenebjtd hbc hbuhdr tre`utgred hbjtrd hbc prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg, kdrrbspdjhb epsd eurb cg ejkdrpdrgkeûj hb cg sukbseûj ejhevesg qub rbsuctg sbr bc sukbsdr hbc hbuhdr, gpcekgjhd cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc. Bj tgc kgsd kdrrbspdjhb qub cds gktds ghnejestrgtevds bståj hereoehds g cds sukbsdrbs tre`utgreds sebjhd bj bstg btgpg cg sukbseûj ejhevesg ejskretg bj cg kfg PRK. [ukbseûj qub hb`brç Bc prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg bs uj prdkbhenebjtd bj bc kugc cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg blbrkb cg agkuctgh kdjtejugr bj bc cuogr hbc sulbtd pgsevd hb cg rbcgkeûj rbcgkeûj lurîhekd tre`utgreg. tre`utgreg. Bj bc supubstd qub sb fgygj hbkcgrghd cds fbrbhbrds luhekegc d jdtgregcnbjtb, d bxestg tbstgnbjtd, gc dpbrgr cg rbspdjsg`ecehgh tre`utgreg hb cds sukbsdrbs, kdrrbspdjhb su gtre`ukeûj kdnd tgc y sustetuygj y tdnbj cg pdsekeûj hbc agccbkehd kdjadrnb g cgs jdrngs hbc hbrbkfd kdnüj y cgs jdrngs prdkbsgcbs. Bj gn`gs setugkedjbs hbskretgs jd sb gabktgj cgs gkkedjbs hektghgs hbjtrd hbc prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg, bjtrb bccgs cgs nbhehgs kgutbcgrbs ghdptghgs. Ydr blbnpcd, hb bxester ujg nbhehg hb bn`grod bj adrng hb ejskrepkeûj gjdtghg bj cds Pboestrds Yü`cekds qub sb reob pdr cds prejkepeds hb Yu`cekehgh y hb Yredrehgh Pboestrgc qub rboucgj cds grtîkucds 0970¹ y 0971¹ hbc KK, bstg nbhehg lurîhekgnbjtb jd kdrrbspdjhb sbr gabktghg pdr bc agccbkenebjtd hb cg pbrsdjg, y gsî dpbrg bj cg vîg lureshekkedjgc pdr kugjtd sb gabktgrîg cg sbourehgh lurîhekg qub kdjstetuyb ujg ogrgjtîg hb cg gpcekgkeûj d`lbtevg hb cg cby, hb tgc ndhd qub cds hb cg rbkguhgkeûj, g trgvås hb uj aujkedjgred hbjdnejghd blbkutdr kdgktevd. Bj hekfd prdkbhenebjtd, bc blbkutdr pubhb blbrkbr sus agkuctghbs hb kdbr- keuhghgjds sg`bj bj kghg ndnbjtd d kerkujstgjkeg kuçcbs sdj sus hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs y pdr supubstd cds prejkepeds qub reobj bc hbrbkfd rboestrgc. ;.0. Bc Yrdkbhenebjtd hb Kd`rgjzg Kdgktevg Lurîhekgnbjtb jd rbsuctg gtbjhe`cb qub sb kdjkcuyg uj prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg pdr bc agccbkenebjtd agccbkenebjtd hbc kdjtre`uybjtbb hbskdj `uybjt hbskdjdkebjh dkebjhdd cg cboescg cboescgkeûj keûj y bc hbrbk hbrbkfd fd sukbsdr sukbsdred, ed, pdr kdjsehb kdjsehbrgr rgr qub sb trgtg hb uj sulbtd hestejtd gc d`ceoghd. Ug sb ghverteû qub bc ndhbcd hb Kûheod Xre`utgred hbc KEGX hblg cgs rbocgs hb gpcekgkeûj gc hbrbkfd kdnüj qub rbsuctg sbr cg rgng hbc Hbrbkfd ccgnghg g rboucgr y rbsdcvbr bc tbng. Bc XA bj su PXA J¹ 0988-W-0978 rbbrb cgs rbocgs hbc KK, jd d`stgjtb jd gjgcezg cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc, ejhekgjhd bj su agccd qub sb hb`b kdjkcuer bc prdkbhenebjtd hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg< "Wub pdr su pgrtb, bc grtîkucd 119¹ hbc KK ejhekg qub hbshb bc ndnbjtd hb cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg, cds hbrbkfds y d`ceogkedjbs qub kdjstetuybj cg fbrbjkeg sb trgjsnetbj g sus sukbsdrbs= nebjtrgs qub bc grtîkucd 6?7¹ hbc nesnd kubrpd cbogc hespdjbj qub nebjtrgs cg fbrbjkeg pbrngjbkb ejhevesg cg d`ceogkeûj hb pgogr cgs hbuhgs hbc kgusgjtb orgvetg sd`rb cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg, pbrd fbkfg cg pgrtekeûj kghg ujd hb cds fbrbhbrds rbspdjhb g bsgs hbuhgs bj prdpdrkeûj g su kudtg fbrbhetgreg. Cg GX hb`brç ejekegr uj jubvd prdkbhenebjtd hb blbkukeûj kdgktevg, prbveg vbreakgkeûj hb cg bxeoe`ecehgh hb cg hbuhg y cds kretbreds hb trgjsneseûj hb cg d`ceogkeûj tre`utgreg y/d gtre`ukeûj hb rbspdjsg`ecehgh sdcehgreg„. Gsî tgn`eåj bc XA bj cg PXA J¹ 77;567-0996, kdjsehbrg qub sb seoueû bc prdkbhenebjtd gjtb ujg pbrsdjg qub jd bs cg d`ceoghg pdr fg`br agccbkehd< "[b ghvebrtb qub sb seoub uj prdkbhenebjtd hb blbkukeûj kdgktevg kdj bxpbhebjtb J¹ (…) g ujg pbrsdjg qub jd bs cg d`ceoghg pdr fg`br agccbkehd, sboüj cgs jdrngs ejhekghgs gjtbredrnbjtb (grtîkucd 71¹.7 hb cg Cby J¼ 015?5 qub ejhekg suspbjseûj hb cg kd`rgjzg kugjhd sb seog gkkeûj kdjtrg pbrsdjg hestejtg gc d`ceoghd), pdr cd qub rbsuctg gnpgrg`cb cg qublg prbsbjtghg prbsbjtghg y kdrrbskdrrbspdjhb sb suspbjhg hbajetevgnbjtb bc prdkbhenebjtd hb blbkukeûj kdgktevg sbouehd bj su kdjtrg". Bj eougc sbjtehd sb rbsdcveû bj cg PXA J¹ 7928-W-097;, sb÷gcçjhdsb qub gjtb cg nubrtb hbc blbkutghd, kdrrbspdjhb sb suspbjhg hbjetevgnbjtb bc prdkbhenebjtd hb blbkukeûj kdgktevg sbouehd 0; ? 7 9 0 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G EJADPNB XPE@RXGPED bj su kdjtrg, sebjhd qub pgrg babktd hb pdstbredrbs gkkedjbs hb kd`rgjzg kdgktevg g cds sukbsdrbs, cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg hb`brç ejekegr uj jubvd prdkbhenebjtd hb blbkukeûj kdgktevg, prbveg vbrekgkeûj hb cg bxe oe`ecehgh hb cg hbuhg hbuhg y cds kretbreds hb trgjsneseûj hb gtre`ukeûj hb rbspdjsg`ecehgh. Bj cds bxpbhebjtbs sb pubhb ghvbrter qub sb ejekeû cg kd`rgjzg kugjhd bc kdjtre`uybjtb bstg`g vevd, jd d`stgjtb sb kdjtejuû gkkedjbs hb kd`rd kugjhd sb prdhuld bc agccbkenebjtd sej qub hekfd fbkfd sbg ghvbrtehd pdr bc blbkutdr kdgktevd. Pbsuctg kebrtd qub hekfgs gkkedjbs pdstbredrbs sdj jucgs, kdrrbspdjhebjhd dpbrb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc, jd d`stgjtb bc XA dptû pdr bc kgnejd hb cg kdjkcuseûj hbc prdkbhenebjtd d cg ngc hbjdnejghg suspbjseûj hbjetevg hb cg kd`rgjzg pdr trgtgrsb hb ujg pbrsdjg hestejtg hbc d`ceoghd. U se `ebj bs kebrtd fgkb rbabrbjkegs rbabrbjkegs g cds grtîkucds 119¹ y 6?7¹ hbc KK, jd kdjsehbrg cds babktds hb cg sukbseûj bj ngtbreg prdkbsgc y cg sbourehgh lurîhekg hb cds 08 gktds rnbs yg gktughds y blbkutghds ? 7 9 0 b r ` u t k d • ? 2 ; d e r g t u ` e r X s e s e c ç j G vçcehgnbjtb y cg jdrngtevehgh qub cd sustbjtg, cd kugc vucjbrg cg sbourehgh lurîhekg. Bj bstds prdjujkegnebjtds, bc XA jd sdcd jd gjgcezg cg pdse`ecehgh hb cg gpcekgkeûj hb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc bj kg`bzg hb cds sukbsdrbs tre`utgreds d fbrbhbrds, sejd qub bj kgsd hb bxester bn`grods bj adrng hb ejskrepkeûj gjdtghds sb vucjbrgrîg cds prejkepeds hb Yu`cekehgh y hb Yredrehgh Pboestrgc. Hb eougc adrng, fg`rîg qub adrnucgr cg ejtbrrdogjtb bj kgsd qub cg hbuhg tre`utgreg sb bjkubjtrb kdj argkkedjgnebjtd tre`utgred gprd`ghd y sb hg bc ejkunpcenebjtd hb pgod hb hds kudtgs kdjsbkutevgs pdr jd bxester hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds qub pbrnetg rbtergr hejbrd hb cgs kubjtgs hbc agccbkehd. ´[b gpcekgrîg hb ngjbrg d`lbtevg cg kgusgc hb pårhehg hb argkkedjgnebjtd4 d ´[brç jucg cg gktevehgh prdkbsgc qub sb rbgcekb hbspuås hb cg nubrtb hbc kdjtre`uybjtbb fgstg qub gpgrbzkg bc sukbsdr `uybjt tre`utgred4 ´[b trgtg hb uj supubstd hb aubrzg ngydr kdnd kgusgc bxenbjtb hb rbspdjsg`ecehgh, yg qub jd bxestb uj sulbtd hb hbrbkfd g quebj cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg pubhg jdtekgr4 [e cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg bnetb cg pårhehg hb argkkedjgnebjtd y jd bxestb guj sukbseûj ejhevesg je hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds, ´G queåj kdrrbspdjhb jdtekgr cg Pbsdcukeûj qub sb÷gcg cg pårhehg hb cg agkecehgh hbc pgod4 Hb eougc adrng, ´quå sukbhb se agccbkb bc kdjtre`uybjtb qub fg sdceketghd ujg hbvdcukeûj hb tre`utds pdr pgod ejhb`ehd d bj bxkbsd y cg Pbsdcukeûj hb Ejtbjhbjkeg gprd`gjhd bc `bjbked yg bstg`g bnetehg4 ´Cds sukbsdrbs hb`bj sdceketgr jubvgnbjtb cg hbvdcukeûj4 U bj bc kgsd hb cds rbkursds enpuojgtdreds, se bc kdjtre`uybjtb agccbkb cubod qub fg prbsbjtghd tdhds cds nbheds prd`gtdreds y cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg bstå gh pdrtgs hb bneter cg rbsdcukeûj kdj bc agccd, ´hb`b enpuojgrsb y vdcvbr g prd`gr jubvgnbjtb cds fbrbhbrds4 Bj tdhgs bstgs setugkedjbs sb ghvebrtb qub jd rbsuctgrîg rgzdjg`cb je cbogc qub sb hb`gj kdjkcuer cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds ejekeghds, je objbrgr ujg rbkgrog bj bc ghnejestrghd y bj cg Ghnejestrgkeûj Xre`utgreg hb vdcvbr g ejekegrsb gqubccd qub yg sb vbrekû y gktuû, sejd qub sb kdjtejüb kdj cds sukbsdrbs tre`utgreds y sb gpcequb cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc qub pbrneterç cg kdjtejuehgh y gtbjhbr bc prejkeped hb Bkgkeg hb cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds, sebjhd qub bj tgjtd bccd dpbrb sukbhb ujg suspbjseûj hb cds prdkbhenebjtds fgstg qub sb ejkdrpdrb bc sulbtd hb hbrbkfd qub dkupg su cuogr kdnd sukbsdr, jd rbsuctgjhd gpcekg`cb cg bneseûj y jdtekgkeûj hb jubvds gktds ghnejestrgtevds bj tgjtd bccd sukbhg, pdr cd qub tgnpdkd kg`rîg kdjsehbrgrsb ejkunpcenebjtd hb d`ceogkedjbs d hb`brbs g quebj güj jd gsunb bj kgcehgh hb sukbsdr tre`utgred. 8 KDJKCR[EDJB[ 7. Yrdhukehg cg cg nubrtb hb ujg pbrsdjg, bc fbrbhbrd cd sukbhb bj cg rbcgkeûj lurîhekg tre`utgreg gsunebjhd cgs d`ceogkedjbs tre`utgregs fgstg pdr bc cînetb hbc vgcdr ndjtd hb cds `ebjbs y hbrbkfds trgjsnetehds, jd kgcekgjhd prdpegnbjtb kdnd uj sustetutd. Bj tgc kgsd, cg sukbseûj prdkbsgc bs ujg ejstetukeûj lurîhekg gpcekg`cb g cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds kugjhd agccbkb ujg pbrsdjg kdnd tetucgr pgsevd hb`ebjhd sbr rbbnpcgzghg pdr uj sukbsdr. 0. Bj cg sukbseûj ejhevesg jd dpbrg jejoujg trgjsneseûj adrngc qub hbtbrnejb bc jünbrd hb cds fbrbhbrds y bc qugjtun hb cg trgjsneseûj hb `ebjbs pdr kghg fbrbhbrd, gjtb bstg setugkeûj bc hbuhdr ndhekg su kdjhekeûj hb pbrsdjg jgturgc g sukbseûj ejhevesg cg ngsg fbrbhetgreg rbspdjhb pdrycgs hbuhgs tre`utgregs hbc agccbkehd. Bj hekfd supubstd cgs rbjtgs sb rbputgrçj, kdnd hb ujg pbrsdjg jgturgc, fgstg bc ndnbjtd bj qub sb hektb cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds d sb ejskre`g bj cds Pboestrds Yü`cekds bc tbstgnbjtd. Bj cg hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds cds sukbsdrbs hb`brçj ejkdrpdrgr g sus prdpegs rbjtgs cg prdpdrkeûj qub cbs kdrrbspdjhg bj cgs rbjtgs hb cg sukbseûj hb gkubrhd kdj su pgrtekepgkeûj bj bc gkbrvd sukbsdred, gsî tgn`eåj bxes bxesterç terç cg rbsp rbspdjsg djsg`ece `ecehgh hgh tre`utgreg d sukbsdr tre`utgred bj kg`bzg hb cds fbrbhbrds d cbogtgreds fgstg pdr bc vgcdr hb cds `ebjbs qub rbke`bj, yg qub cds fbrbhbrds adrngcnbjtb hbkcgrghds gpgrbkbj kdnd cds jubvds prdpebtgreds y gsî sb gjdtgrç bj bc rboestrd hb sukbsedjbs y pdr kghg `ebj qub g pgrter hb cg ejskrepkeûj sbrç uj hbrbkfd dpdje`cb gjtb tbrkbrds. ;. Bc agccbkehd objbrg ujg suspbjseûj hbc prdkbhenebjtd tre`utgred fgstg qub sb ejkdrpdrb bc sulbtd hb hbrbkfd qub dkupg su cuogr kdnd sukbsdr, kdnd sukbseûj ejhevesg d kdj hbkcgrgtdreg hb fbrbhbrds, jd rbsuctgjhd gpcekg`cb cg bneseûj je jdtekgkeûj hb jubvds gktds ghnejestrgtevds bj tgjtd bccd sukbhg, tgnpdkd kg`rîg kdjsehbrgrsb ejkunpcenebjtd hb d`ceogkedjbs d hb`brbs g quebj güj jd gsunb bj kgcehgh hb sukbsdr tre`utgred. Bstg setugkeûj jd objbrg cg kdjkcuseûj hb cds prdkbhenebjtds ghnejestrgtevds ejekeghds, yg qub bccd gabktgrîg bc prejkeped hb Bkgkeg, cg sbourehgh lurîhekg hb cds gktds blbkutghds vçcehgnbjtb y hb cds prejkepeds hb Yu`cekehgh y Yredrehgh hbc hbrbkfds hbrbkfd rboestrgc bxestgj gjdtghdsbjbjkgsd cds Pboestrds Yü`cekds.