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GKJÀEMJ@ HK Z[KCIZ
^riaksir<
Xkg`<
V`üc M. Jietrkr`s A`l`rhi
Jigp`jt`jmúe hk Zukcis
^rkduet` E¾0
Jie ue` gukstr` hk sukci, quk skrà utmcmz`hi p`r` c` jiestrujjmúe hk ue tkrr`pcíe jigp`jt`hi ke j`p`s
hk >.6>g? sk rk`cmzú ue kes`yi ^rijtir Gihmamj`hi
Gihmamj`h i Gítihi J (vicugke hkc gichk 6068jg:), gistr`ehi
cis smdumketks h`tis<
Guk str`
0
6
^ksi hk gukstr` bügkh` (d :44=.12
:=;8.>2
Jietkemhi hk bugkh`h (%)
:.;
;.;
@sugmkehi quk c` hkesmh`h rkc`tmv` hk súcmhis Ds76.;>
`) Hktkrgmek c` jurv` ^rijtir, c` GHZ y kc IJB.
f) Hmful`r c`s jurv`s jirrkspiehmketks `c 0>>% hk s`tur`jmúe.
j) Hktkrgmek kc dr`hi hk s`tur`jmúe p`r` c` GHZ.
:
8
8>1=.>8
2
80>1.22
00
Zicujmúe
^`r` hktkrgme`r cis p`ràgktris hk jigp`jt`jmúe? GHZ y IJB, prmgkri sk hktkrgme` c` hkesmh`h
bügkh` p`r` j`h` gukstr` y ` p`rtmr hk kcci, c` hkesmh`h skj`


 7  7  +  7  (0+ ) 7  (0 + )
 7 (0
+ )

 7  + 7 +  7  +  7   0+  7 (+
)














 7 (+
)
[e` vkz j`cjuc`hi c`s hkesmh`hks skj`s sk prijkhk ` hktkrgme`r c` hkesmh`h skj` p`r` ue dr`hi hk
s`tur`jmúe hk 0>>% gkhm`etk c` smdumketk rkc`jmúe<
Ke kc smdumketk ju`hri< ke c` amc` 0 sk prksket` cis v`cirks hk hkesmh`h bugkh`h, ke c` amc` 6 sk prksket`
cis v`cirks hk hkesmh`h skj` y ke c` amc` : sk prksket` cis v`cirks hk hkesmh`h skj` p`r` kc 0>>% hk
s`tur`jmúe (Z70) y p`r` cis v`cirks hk jietkemhi hk bugkh`h hk :.;%, ;.;%, 2% y 00% rkspkjtmv`gketk.
rkspkjt mv`gketk.
Ju`hri E¾ 6
:
Hkesmh`h bügkh` (d/jg )
:
Hkesmh`h skj` (d/jg )
Hkesmh`h skj` p`r` c` Jurv` hk
s`tur`jmúe `c 0>>%
0.42>
0.216
0.=01
0.=:8
0.40=
0.41;
0.448
0.486
6.6==
6.0=2
6.>2:
0.=10
Vkprksket`gis dràamj`gketk kc jietkemhi hk bugkh`h vs c` hkesmh`h skj`.
Ke c` jurv` ^rijtir sk iftmkek c` GHZ70.441d/jg: y IJB74.:% (vkr dràamji)
^`r` hktkrgme`r c` jurv` iptmg`, utmcmz`gis c` smdumketk rkc`jmúe<
 ∖∖↖7 
 7 (+
 ∖77./

)
77.%

7.
7 _(_(6.6.(0.;)()(0d/
441d/
0d/))()(>.
∖0.>.>44:)(
4:41d/
)(6.6.;) W
C` jurv` iptmg` sk iftmkek ju`ehi
V`üc M. Jietrkr`s A.
y
^àdme` 0 hk :
6.0>>
Jurv` hk s`tur`jmúe
Z70>>%
6.>;>
)
g
6.>>>
/j
(d
:
h0.=;>
`
j0.=>>
k
s
h
`0.2;>
h
ms
e0.2>>
k
H
Jurv` iptmg`
Z788.41%
0.4;>
0.4>>
>
6
8
1
2
0>
Jietkemhi
Jietkem hi hk bugkh`h
06
08
01
(%)
Vkspukst`
`) GHZ70.441d/jg: y IJB74.:%.
f) Vkprksket`hi dràamj`gketk.
j)
.
788.41
^rkduet` E¾6
Ke j`gpi, sk prktkehk rk`cmz`r ue kes`yi hk ^rijtir gihmamj`hi pir kc gítihi J pkri ei sk juket` jie
kc gichk eirg`cmz`hi (Q76068 jg :), sme kgf`rdi, sk rk`cmz`rà kc kes`yi jie ue gichk hk 1 pucd`h`s hk
hmàgktri y 1.241 pucd`h`s hk `ctur` ke kc ju`c sk pmkes` jigp`jt`r kc g`tkrm`c ke 4 j`p`s jie ue g`rtmcci
juyi pksi ks 0.; vkjks kc pksi hkc g`rtmcci eirg`cmz`hi, `hkgàs, sk g`etkehrà c` `ctur` hk j`çh`
eirg`cmz`h` (02 pucd). ¹Juàc skrà kc eügkri hk dicpks pir j`p` p`r` d`r`etmz`r ue` kekrdç` kqumv`cketk
`c ^rijtir Gihmamj`hi9
Zicujmúe
C` kekrdç` hk jigp`jt`jmúe pir uemh`h hk vicugke

kstà h`h` pir<
 Ô 
 7  ÔÔ

 7   
7
7 





 
 
 7ü
 7 



0;.
6
8
 7  8 7 8 04.81;7:02;.24:
 70.;
 7 
   7 4
 
Hiehk<
C` kekrdç` hk jigp`jt`jmúe hkc ^rijtir Gihmamj`hi hkfk skr jiest`etk, pir cis t`eti, c` kekrdç` hk
c`fir`tirmi ks mdu`c ` c` kekrdç` utmcmz`hi
utmc mz`hi ke j`gpi, ketiejks
Ke j`gpi sk utmcmzú ue gichk hmakrketk hk 1 pucd`h`s (0;.68jg) hk hmàgktri y 1.241 pucd`h`s (04.81;jg)
hk `ctur`, ketiejks kc vicugke ks<
^`r` hktkrgme`r kc eugkri hk dicpks ekjks`rmis ke j`gpi
V`üc M. Jietrkr`s A.
^àdme` 6 hk :
hktkrgme`gis hk c` smdumketk airg`<
 7 
ÔÔ;1Ô; 7 0.;ÔÔ   Ô 4
6068
:02;.24:
   7  
  
^rkduet` E¾:
^`r` rk`cmz`r kc jietric hk jigp`jt`jmúe hk ue` j`p` hk f`sk dr`euc`r hk 6> jg hk kspksir sk vkrmamj` c`
hkesmh`h hk jigp`jt`jmúe ke j`gpi jie kc gítihi hkc jiei hk `rke`, rkdmstràehisk cis smdumketks v`cirks<
(0) ^ksi hkc ar`sji + `rke` ccke` ke kc ar`sji 7 426> d
(6) ^ksi hkc ar`sji + `rke` quk qukh` ke kc ar`sji 7 60>: d
(:) ^ksi hk c` `rke` ke kc jiei 7 0182 d
(8) Hkesmh`h hk c` `rke` 7 0.:8 d/jg :
(;) ^ksi hkc sukci + dr`v`, kxtr`çhi 7 ;;80 d
(1) ^ksi hk c` dr`v` rktkemh` ke c` g`cc` µ‗ 7 680 d
(4) Dr`vkh`h kspkjçamj` hk c` dr`v` 7 6.1; d/jg:.
(2) Jietkemhi hk bugkh`h (gítihi Zpkkhy) 7 1.:%
Hktkrgmek kc dr`hi hk jigp`jt`jmúe sm ke kes`yi ^rijtir Gihmamj`hi mehmj` ue` GHZ hk 6.>>; d/jg: y
ue IJB74.;%.
Zicujmúe
^`r` hktkrgme`r c` hkesmh`h e`tur`c hkc g`tkrm`c jigp`jt`hi, hktkrgme`gis c` j`etmh`h hk `rke` utmcmz`h`
ke kc biyi.
(=) 
_(
_(0
)
(
)W∖
)W
(
)
_
W
 




℅
℅

7
0
∖
6
∖
0
7
426>∖60>:W
426>∖60>:
∖0182
78>1=
(0>)   ℅7 ((8=)) 7 0.:8>1=
8⁈ 7:>:1.;14
Qicugke hkc biyi
Ke kc g`tkrm`c kxtr`çhi b`y prkskejm` hk dr`v`s g`yirks ` µ‗ pir ci t`eti sk hkfk b`jkr jirrkjjmúe pir
dr`v`s. Kst` jirrkjjmúe jiesmstk ke hksjiet`r kc pksi y vicugke hk c`s dr`v`s g`yirks ` µ‗ p`r` kcci
rk`cmz`gis kc smdumketk jàcjuci<
(00)  
 
 

sme
sme

 
  :/8" 7 (;) ∖ (1) 7;;80∖680
(06) 
7;:>>
    :/8"
:/8"77 ((41)) 7 6.1;680⁈ 7=>.=8:
(0:0:)) 
(
)
(
)

7:>:1.

 ℅
℅sme
sme






:/
:/8"
8"
7
0>)
0>
∖
06)
06



;14 ∖=>.
=
8:
76=8;.
1
68


70.
4
==/
 7  7 (0:0000)) 7 6=8;.;:>>

 7./ 168 (%)


0.
4
==/

(%) 7 Ô0>>7
 Ô0>>72=.461%

6.>>;/
@bir` hktkrgme`gis c` hkesmh`h e`tur`c (
) hk c` j`p` jigp`jt`h`<
@bir` hktkrgme`gis kc dr`hi hk jigp`jt`jmúe (
) hk c` j`p` jigp`jt`h`<
C` j`p` hk f`sk jigp`jt`h` hkfkrç` `cj`ez`r ue dr`hi hk jigp`jt`jmúe hk 0>>% (Zkdüe c` eirg` KD6>02), kc rksuct`hi gukstr` quk c` j`p` ei prksket` ue` `hkju`h` jigp`jt`jmúe.
V`üc M. Jietrkr`s A.
^àdme` : hk :
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