GLOBALIZATION Owner: Level and classroom: School: Author: Jose María Tintoré. 1.DEFINITION: Globalization is a complicated term. Defined simply, we can say that: “Globalization means that the entire world is connected and integrated” Globalization allows the exchange of ideas, knowledge and information. 2.CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION: 2.1.MOVEMENT OF IDEAS The new means of communication such as T.V. Internet, Radio, cellular phones... and means of transportation allow the contact between remote people. This allows for the exchange of ideas, uses, literature, art, science and technology. Information society: Nowadays, people can be aware of every event going on in the world. An important event in a country can affect the entire world. People can give and get information anywhere anytime (at least in theory) This is useful, because people can get the information for knowledge. 2.2.WORLD'S DIVISION But Globalization is not the same in all countries. U.S.A., Japan and European countries produce a lot more information and spread their culture (music, films, way of life, food...) than other parts of the world. The countries in the world are divided into two kinds of areas: Central areas: They are rich countries and China. They control politics and economy all over the world. The rich people in rich countries control the rest of the world. Peripheral areas: They are non-developed countries, mainly African countries. They depend upon the rich countries. 3.GLOBALIZATION ¿GOOD OR BAD? GOOD ASPECTS Global competition means that there is more variety of products and lower prices. Great access to culture: movies, music, literature, food, customs, folklore, traditions... Cooperation between countries is easier. Different countries can coordinate to solve problems, as terrorism, environmental destruction, wars... Poor countries have more access to knowledge and information about technology, sciences, medicine... etc NEGATIVE ASPECTS The most powerful countries impose their culture on other countries. Therefore these countries lose their traditions, language, customs and culture. Criminals have more access to information, and crime can spread more easily around the world. Disease can spread easily too. Rich countries decide about the economy and politics of the rest of the world. They don't pay attention to the needs of poor countries. Capitalism is the only economic system for the rest of the world. There are no more options. 4.DEVELOPED AND NON-DEVELOPED. 4.1.Developed countries. (Rich) -They have a high GDP (Groos Domestic Product) and high life standards. -Its economy is based mainly in tertiary sector. That means an urban way of life. -They can produce their own technology. -Population grows slowly and is old. Life expectancy is high and there's no starvation. -Most of people can read and write. -The political system is a democratic. 4.2.Developing countries. (Poor) -They are poor. The GDP is low and the standard of living is low. -Agriculture is very important for the economy. -They lack technology and machines. They must buy them from rich countries. -Bad infrastructures of communication and means of transportation. -Population is young and grows quickly. -A lot of people can't read or write, and many of them can't go to school. -Sanitation and education are bad and expensive. -They have unstable political systems, many of them dictatorships. 4.3.Problems in poor countries: A) External debt: Most countries owe money to other countries. Poor countries have to expend most of their income to pay their debts, so, they can't create infrastructures, schools, hospitals... B) Wars and corruption: Poor countries suffer from wars and conflicts. Corruption is common among politicians, policemen, judges and public employees. C) Starvation and disease: Many people in these countries suffer from starvation, so, they are vulnerable to illness. D) Exploitation of women and children: Usually, women and children are forced to work a lot of hours without wages. They are almost like slaves. Many women are forced into prostitution and many young boys are recruited as soldiers. EXERCISES: 1-Contact with globalization. “The world is connected” Look for news from: You can copy the headlines or stick the paper in this sheet. Europe (But Spain) South America Africa Asia North America 2-The world is connected. Look for the flights from Spain (Malaga, Sevilla or Madrid) to: TOWN PRICE LENGTH London New York Tokyo Beijing Moscow *I want exact prices. 3-Exchange of ideas: Look for artists from: CONTINENT ARTIST WHAT HE/SHE DOES South America Asia Africa Australia *They can be painters, musicians, dancers, writers... but NOT HOLLYWOOD ACTORS! 4-Central or peripheral? Write the name of the country in the correct column: Countries: Norway, Kenya, Jamaica, Lebanon, Malaysia, Egypt, Japan, Canada, Pakistan, South Korea, Denmark, Nigeria, Bolivia, France, Indonesia, Spain, Algeria, Thailand, Australia, U.S.A., England, Sudan, Cambodia, Germany, Syria, Cameroon, Morocco, Iceland, Ireland, Afghanistan. Central Areas Peripheral Areas 5-Globalization. IN ENGLISH. Write down an essay answering the question: Do you like Globalization and why? 6-Rich or poor? Write about the sentences below. Do they belong to rich or poor countries? SENTENCE RICH POOR Everyone can read and write Most of people are farmers The computers are very old and there isn't good software People can use railways, planes, cars, ships and bikes Only rich people can go to the hospital There are wars and fights every year There are a lot of old people and they complain a lot Citizens vote every four years 7-Rich countries in the world. Color in the map the 35 advanced economies: According to the IMF the following 35 economies are classified as "advanced economies": Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom, United States, Chile. 8-Look for pictures of children soldiers, and stick or draw them here. 9-Children soldiers: A) Read and underline the text: -The problem is most critical in Africa, where children as young as nine have been involved in armed conflicts. Children are also used as soldiers in various Asian countries and in parts of Latin America, Europe and the Middle East. -Most child soldiers are aged between 14 and 18, While many enlist "voluntarily" research shows that such adolescents see few alternatives to involvement in armed conflict. Some enlist as a means of survival in war-torn regions after family, social and economic structures collapse or after seeing family members tortured or killed by other soldiers. Others join up because of poverty and lack of work or educational opportunities. Many girls have reported enlisting to escape domestic servitude, violence and sexual abuse. -Forcible abductions, sometimes of large numbers of children, continue to occur in some countries. Children as young as nine have been abducted and used in combat. -See www.childsoldiersglobalreport.org for lists of countries where child soldiers were recuited and used during the four years 2004-2007. B) Answer the questions: -Why children enlist “voluntarily”? -Which zones use children soldiers? -Why are young children abducted? -Write down the names of five countries that use children soldiers? 10-Famine in the world. Make two graphics with the statistics of starvation in the world during the last 50 years. Use ruler and pencil Number and percentage of undernourished persons 2006-2008 850million (13%) 2000-2002 836million (14%) 1995-1997 792million (14%) 1990-1992 848million (16%) 1979-1981 853million (21%) 1969-1971 878million (26%) A) Make a graphic using the total amount of people, using red. B) Make a graphic using the percents of hungry people, using green. 11-Starvation in the world. Color in red the top 10 countries with starvation problems. The 10 countries ranked most vulnerable – Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, South Africa, Haiti, Bangladesh, Zambia, India, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia and Rwanda. GLOSSARY: Among: Entre. Anytime: En cualquier momento. Anywhere: En cualquier lugar. Aware: Enterado, alerta. Cellular phone: Teléfono móvil. Custom: Costumbre. Debt: Deuda. Developed: Desarrollado. Dictatorship: Dictadura. Disease: Enfermedad. Entire: Entero, completo. Environmental: Medioambiental. Event: Hecho, evento. Exchange: Intercambio. Exploitation: Explotación. (Laboral) Famine: Hambre (como problema de una sociedad, al igual que “starvation”. Son casi sinónimos) GDP (Gross Domestic Product): PIB (Producto interior bruto). Illness: Enfermedad. Income: Ingresos. Kind: Tipo, clase. (Como adjetivo: Amable) Knowledge: Conocimiento, saber. Life expectancy: Esperanza de vida. Lower: (Comparativo de “low”) Más bajo. Means of communication: Medios de comunicación. Means of transportation: Medios de transporte. Most of: La mayoría de. Need: Necesidad. Peripheral: Periféricos. Es decir, que no están en el centro. Politics: Política (NO POLÍTICOS, políticos es “politicians”) Price: Precio. Public employee: Empleado público, funcionario. Quickly: Rapidamente, rápido. Sanitation: Sanidad. Slave: Esclavo. Standard of living: Calidad de vida. Starvation: Hambre (como problema de una sociedad) Term: Término, palabra. Unstable: Inestable. Wages: Salarios. Way of life: Modo de vida. Verbs: To allow: Permitir. To expend: Gastar. To go on: Pasar, ocurrir, continuar. (Things that go on: Las cosas que están pasando) To impose: Imponer. To lack: Faltar, faltarle a alguien algo. To mean: Querer decir. To recruit: Reclutar. To solve: Resolver. To spread: Difundir, esparcir. To suffer from: Padecer de, sufrir de.