A grammar overview Function: This tense is primarily used to talk about (or refer to) actions that are happening in the moment of the conversation, actions occurring in this moment of our lives, and actions happening in the near future. Examples: • My students are studying English now (in this moment). • I am taking French lessons in the evenings (during these days – not in this very moment). • Colombia is playing against Greece next June (near future). Present perfect SPANISH ENGLISH Yo he jugado I have played Tú has jugado You have played Él - Ella ha jugado He-she-it has played Nosotros hemos jugado We have played Vosotros habéis jugado You have played han jugado They have played Ellos SPANISH ENGLISH Yo he bebido I have drunk Tú has bebido You have drunk Él - Ella ha bebido He-she-it has drunk Nosotros hemos bebido We have drunk Vosotros habéis bebido You have drunk han bebido They have drunk Ellos Grammar: The verb “have” works as an auxiliary verb in this tense. The form of the main verb corresponds to the “past participle”. Remember that in regular verbs “the past participle” has the same form of the “past simple” (____ed), but in the irregular verbs the past participle corresponds to the third column of the verb list. Only in the third person of singular (he // she // it) the auxiliary verb “have” is conjugated as “has”. 37