¢4Xp HVWi SDVDQGR FRQ HO DUUR] HQ OD 8QLyQ (XURSHD

Anuncio
¢4XpHVWiSDVDQGRFRQHODUUR]
HQOD8QLyQ(XURSHD"
9DOOHGHO3R
3DUD QXHVWUR SDtVHV PX\VLJQLILFDWLYRFRQRFHU FRPR HVWi
HYROXFLRQDQGRODVLWXDFLyQGHODUUR]HQHVWHPHUFDGR
'XUDQWHDOJXQRVDxRVKDVLGRXQLPSRUWDQWHFRPSUDGRUGH
QXHVWURDUUR]VREUHWRGRWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDTXHORVSUH
FLRVTXHVHREWLHQHQVRQGHORVPD\RUHVTXHVHFRQVLJXHQ
HQHOPHUFDGRLQWHUQDFLRQDO
(QORV~OWLPRVDxRVKDLGRGHVFHQGLHQGRODVYHQWDVKDFLDDOOt
\HQHOPDUFRGHODFHUFDQtDGHXQSRVLEOHDFXHUGRGHOL
EUHFRPHUFLRHQWUH0HUFRVXU\OD8(HVLPSRUWDQWHVDEHU
FRPRVHHVWiFRPSRUWDQGRGLFKRPHUFDGR
(Q XQD UHXQLyQ GH $JULFXOWXUD \ 3HVFD FHOHEUDGD SRU HO
&RQVHMRGHOD8QLyQ(XURSHDHQWUHHO\HOOGLFLHPEUH
HQ%UXVHODVODGHOHJDFLyQLWDOLDQDFRQHODSR\RGH%XOJD
ULD*UHFLD(VSDxD)UDQFLD\3RUWXJDOVHxDOyTXHHOVHFWRU
GHO DUUR] GH OD 8( HVWi HQIUHQWDQGR PD\RU FRPSHWHQFLD
GHODVLPSRUWDFLRQHVGHDUUR]GHSDtVHVPHQRVGHVDUUROOD
GRV30$\RWURVSDtVHVFRQORVTXHOD8(WLHQHDFXHUGRV
FRPHUFLDOHV 7DQWR &DPER\D FRPR 0\DQPDU VRQ 30$ \
SRUORWDQWRSXHGHQKDFHUH[SRUWDFLRQHVDOD8(OLEUHVGH
LPSXHVWRV
/DGHOHJDFLyQGH,WDOLDGLMRTXHODVXSHUILFLHFXOWLYDGDFRQ
DUUR]GHOD8(KDHVWDGRHQGHFOLYHGDWRVGHO86'$DUUL
$%5,/
ED SDUHFH VXJHULU XQ GHVFHQVR HQ DxRV PX\ UHFLHQWHV
SHURODVLPSRUWDFLRQHVDSDUHFHQFRQSRFRVFDPELRV
(OPHUFDGRLWDOLDQRGHDUUR]HQFiVFDUDHVWiILUPHVyORJUD
FLDVDODXPHQWRGHORVSUHFLRVGHODUUR]ODUJR$\GHODUUR]
HQ FiVFDUD GH JUDQR PHGLDQR TXH GHPDQGD HO PHUFDGR
LQWHUQR(QODEROVDGH0LOiQODVFRWL]DFLRQHVGHODVYDULH
GDGHV9LDORQH1DQR%DOGR\5RPDDXPHQWDURQHXURV
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWHGyODUHVSRUWRQHODGDPLHQWUDVTXH
ODV GH &DUQDUROL DXPHQWDURQ HXURV XQRV GyODUHV
SRUWRQHODGD
/DVYDULHGDGHVGHH[SRUWDFLyQKDFLDHOUHVWRGHOPHUFDGR
HXURSHRVLJXHQVXIULHQGRSUHVLyQ SRU OD FRPSHWHQFLDGHO
DUUR]DVLiWLFRVHJ~QIXHQWHVORFDOHVSRUORTXHKXERPX\
SRFRPRYLPLHQWRGHSUHFLRVSDUDHODUUR]ODUJR%\UHGRQ
GRWDOHVYDULHGDGHVDYDQ]DURQVyORHXURVXQRVGyODUHV
SRUWRQHODGD(QHODFWXDODxRGHFRVHFKDDOUHGHGRUGHO
GHODUUR]ODUJR$KDVLGRYHQGLGRPLHQWUDVTXHVyOR
DOUHGHGRUGHOGHODUJR%\HOGHODUUR]UHGRQGR
VHKDYHQGLGR
(QDSR\RGHODLQGXVWULDORFDOGHDUUR]HO*RELHUQRLWDOLDQR
SLGHDOD8QLyQ(XURSHD8(TXHGHMHGHSHUPLWLUODLP
SRUWDFLyQ FRQ GHUHFKR FHUR GH (ED 7RGR PHQRV DUPDV
GH SDtVHV FRPR &DPER\D \ 0\DQPDU ,WDOLD HV HO SULQFL
SDOSDtVSURGXFWRUGHDUUR]GHOD8((Q5RPDVHFHOHEUy
XQD UHXQLyQ HQWUH HO (QWH 5LVL OD DJHQFLD LWDOLDQD SDUD HO
DUUR]HO0LQLVWHULRGH$JULFXOWXUDHO0LQLVWHULRGH$VXQWRV
([WHULRUHV\HO0LQLVWHULRGH'HVDUUROOR(FRQyPLFRMXQWR
FRQORVPLHPEURVGHORVVLQGLFDWRVDJUtFRODV\ODDVRFLDFLyQ
GH PROLQHURV FRQ HO ILQ GH GLVFXWLU HO GRVVLHU (ED (O \ GLF OD GHOHJDFLyQ LWDOLDQD KDEOy HQ XQD UHXQLyQ
GH$JULFXOWXUD\3HVFDHQSRGHUGHO&RQVHMRGHOD8QLyQ
(XURSHDFRQHODSR\RGH%XOJDULD*UHFLD(VSDxD)UDQFLD
\3RUWXJDOREVHUYyTXHHOVHFWRUGHODUUR]GHOD8(HVWi
VXIULHQGRIUHQWHDODFUHFLHQWHFRPSHWHQFLDGHODVLPSRU
WDFLRQHVGHDUUR]GHORVSDtVHVPHQRVDGHODQWDGRV30$
\RWURVSDtVHVFRQORVTXHOD8(WLHQHDFXHUGRVFRPHUFLD
OHV(OREMHWLYRHVFDPELDUODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHLPSRUWDFLyQ
FRQGHUHFKRFHUR\DTXHpVWRVHVWiQDIHFWDQGRSURIXQGD
PHQWHHOVHFWRUHXURSHRGHODUUR]GHVGHORVDJULFXOWRUHVD
ORVPROLQHURVVHJ~QIXHQWHVORFDOHV
(QORV~OWLPRVDxRVODSURGXFFLyQGHDUUR]LWDOLDQRVHKDUH
GXFLGRKHFWiUHDVHQKHFWiUHDVHQ
XQGHVFHQVRGHO\DKHFWiUHDVHQ
3RUORWDQWRODUHGXFFLyQGHDUUR]WDPELpQKDGLVPL
QXLGRWRQHODGDVHQWRQHODGDVHQ
XQGHVFHQVRGH\WRQHODGDVHQ
-XQWR FRQ OD FDtGD GH OD SURGXFFLyQ ODV FRWL]DFLRQHV GHO
DUUR]WDPELpQKDQFDtGRHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDODVYDULHGDGHV
GH H[SRUWDFLyQ WDOHV FRPR /RQJ % /RV DJULFXOWRUHV TXH
SRGUtDQHQFRQWUDURWURVFXOWLYRVPiVUHQWDEOHVSDUDSODQ
WDUDUUR]HVWiQFDPELDQGRJUDGXDOPHQWHVXVFXOWLYRV\HQ
HOPDt]VXVWLWX\HHODUUR]VREUHWRGRHQ/RPEDUGtD
HQ3DYHVH\iUHDVGH/RPHOOLQDDFDXVDGHORVSUHFLRVPiV
IDYRUDEOHV/DVPDODVFRQGLFLRQHVPHWHRUROyJLFDVHQHOLQL
FLRGHODSULPDYHUDGHGHKHFKRREOLJDURQDPXFKRV
DJULFXOWRUHVDVHPEUDUDUUR]SRUTXHHUDODPHMRUFRVHFKD
DGHFXDGDWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHOWLHPSRK~PHGRGHORFRQ
WUDULR OD GLVPLQXFLyQ GH OD SURGXFFLyQ SRGUtD KDEHU VLGR
PD\RU
&RPRVHREVHUYDHQHOFXDGURODVXSHUILFLHGHFXOWLYRHX
URSHR GHO DUUR] FRQWLQXy VX UHFLHQWH WHQGHQFLD D OD EDMD
HQ ORV ~OWLPRV DxRV VHJ~Q GDWRV RILFLDOHV SXEOLFDGRV SRU
HO (QWH 1D]LRQDOH 5LVL $JHQFLD 1DFLRQDO ,WDOLDQD SDUD HO
DUUR] /D VXSHUILFLH GH FXOWLYR HXURSHR GHO DUUR] WRWDOL]y
$%5,/
KHFWiUHDV HQ XQ SRU GHEDMR D SDUWLU
GHKHFWiUHDVHQ/DVXSHUILFLHGHFXOWLYRGH
DUUR]GHOD8(DOFDQ]yVXSXQWRPi[LPRHQFXDQGR
IXHGHKHFWiUHDV/DGLVPLQXFLyQHQVHGHEH
SULQFLSDOPHQWHDODPHQRUVXSHUILFLHGHFXOWLYRGHDUUR]HQ
,WDOLD\(VSDxDORVGRVSURGXFWRUHVPiVJUDQGHVXQ\
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH0HQRVGHDUUR]VHVHPEUyWDPELpQ
HQ)UDQFLD3RUWXJDO\+XQJUtDSRUGHEDMRGH\
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHPLHQWUDVTXHHQ5XPDQLD\+XQJUtD
ODVXSHUILFLHGHDUUR]VHPDQWXYRHVWDEOH
/D)HGHUDFLyQ(XURSHDGH0ROLQHURVGH$UUR])(50VHxDOy
TXHOD8(GHEHFRQWLQXDUORVSDJRVGLUHFWRVDORVSURGXFWRUHV
GHDUUR]EDMRODQXHYD3ROtWLFD$JUtFROD&RP~Q3$&GH
DSDUDD\XGDUDREWHQHULQJUHVRVVHJXURVDORVDJULFXOWR
UHV\SURWHJHUORVHFRVLVWHPDVHQORVSDtVHVGHOD8(
)(50DILUPDTXHORVSUHFLRVGHPHUFDGRSRUVtVRORVQR
SXHGHQFRPSHQVDUDORVDJULFXOWRUHVGHDUUR]GHORVDOWRV
FRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQ\XQD3$&GHPHUFDGRFDGDYH]PiV
VH DVRFLD FRQ XQD GLVPLQXFLyQ VLJQLILFDWLYD HQ OD SURGXF
FLyQGHDUUR](VWDEOHFLHQGRTXH6LQHODSR\RILQDQFLHUR
DGHFXDGRKD\XQULHVJRFLHUWRTXHORVDJULFXOWRUHVVHYHDQ
REOLJDGRVDFDPELDUDRWURVFXOWLYRVPiVUHQWDEOHVRGDGR
TXHHOFXOWLYRHVWDDVRFLDGRFRQORVKXPHGDOHVVLPSOHPHQ
WHDEDQGRQDUODSURGXFFLyQDJUtFROD
)(50GLFHTXHODUHGXFFLyQRVXVWLWXFLyQGHODUUR]SRGUtDQ
WHQHUHIHFWRVFDWDVWUyILFRVSDUDODVFRPXQLGDGHVORFDOHV\
HOPHGLRDPELHQWHLQPHGLDWRHQOD8(3RGUtDGHMDUJUDQ
GHVH[WHQVLRQHVGHWLHUUDWRWDOPHQWHLQDGHFXDGDVSDUDRWUD
DJULFXOWXUD \ DOWHUDU HO QLYHO GHO DJXD HQ ORV KXPHGDOHV \
DXPHQWDUVLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWHHOULHVJRGHLQXQGDFLRQHV(VWR
WDPELpQDPHQD]DDPXFKDVHVSHFLHVGHDQLPDOHV\DYHVTXH
GHSHQGHQGHORVDUUR]DOHV
6HJ~Q)(50PiVGHJUDQMDVSURGXFHQDUUR]HQORV
SDtVHVGHOD8(FRQXQYDORUGHSURGXFFLyQDQXDOGHPiV
GH ¼ PLOORQHV DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH PLOORQHV GyOD
UHV*UDQMDVHQSHTXHxDHVFDODPHQRVGHKHFWiUHDV
$UUR]DOHVHQ'HOWDGHO(EUR
$%5,/
UHSUHVHQWDQ PiV GHO GH OD SURGXFFLyQ GH DUUR] HQ
OD8(\DOUHGHGRUGHOGHODUUR]TXHVHFRQVXPHHQ
(XURSDVHSURGXFHHQOD8(
2WURDVSHFWRTXHUHVDOWDQORVVHFWRUHVDUURFHURVGHOD8(
HV TXH HQ KXER DOHUWDV GHO 6LVWHPD (XURSHR GH
$OHUWD 5iSLGD SDUD $OLPHQWRV \ 3LHQVRV 5$6)) VREUH OD
VHJXULGDG\ODUHJXODULGDGGHODVLPSRUWDFLRQHVGHDUUR]\
SURGXFWRVGHDUUR]GHDFXHUGRFRQXQLQIRUPHRILFLDO
/RVGDWRVPXHVWUDQTXHODPLWDGGHODVDOHUWDVHUDQVREUH
LPSRUWDFLRQHVGH&KLQDOD,QGLD3DNLVWiQ\GH
&DPER\D9LHWQDP+RQJ.RQJ((886HUELD$OHPDQLD
\'LQDPDUFD/DVDOHUWDVVHRULJLQDURQHQODVIURQWHUDVOR
TXHLQGLFDODSUHVHQFLDGHDOJRLUUHJXODURQRSHUPLWLGRSRU
ODV OH\HV HXURSHDV FRPR ODV DIODWR[LQDV SURGXFWRV JHQp
WLFDPHQWHPRGLILFDGRVRSODJDVSURKLELGDV(O6LVWHPDGH
$OHUWD5iSLGDSDUD$OLPHQWRV\3LHQVRV5$6))IXHSXHVWR
HQPDUFKDSDUDGDUDODVDXWRULGDGHVGHFRQWUROXQDKHUUD
PLHQWDHILFD]SDUDHOLQWHUFDPELRGHLQIRUPDFLyQVREUHODV
PHGLGDVDGRSWDGDVHQUHVSXHVWDDJUDYHVULHVJRVGHWHFWD
GRVHQUHODFLyQFRQDOLPHQWRVRSLHQVRV(VWHLQWHUFDPELR
GHLQIRUPDFLyQD\XGDDORV(VWDGRVPLHPEURVDDFWXDUFRQ
PD\RUUDSLGH]\GHIRUPDFRRUGLQDGDHQUHVSXHVWDDXQD
DPHQD]DSDUDODVDOXG
(QFDVRVSURGXMHURQGLYHUVDVUHDFFLRQHVIXH
URQ UHFKD]DGRV HQ ODV IURQWHUDV HQ GH HOORV VH HPLWLy
XQD DOHUWD \ HQ RWURV VH HPLWLy XQD LQIRUPDFLyQ HQ FDVRVHOSUREOHPDHUDVREUHDUUR]EODQFRVHLVSDUDDUUR]
QREDVPDWL\VLHWHSDUDDUUR]%DVPDWLHOUHVWRHVWDEDUHOD
FLRQDGRFRQSURGXFWRVDEDVHGHDUUR]WDOHVFRPRILGHRV
JDOOHWDV\RWUDVSUHSDUDFLRQHV/DVQRWLILFDFLRQHVSURFHGtDQ
GHSDtVHVGLIHUHQWHVGHWRGD(XURSD
3DUD8UXJXD\TXH\DWLHQHXQDWUDGLFLyQHQYHQWDVDOD8(
HOSDQRUDPDSRGUtDOOHJDUDVHUSRVLWLYRHQODPHGLGDTXH
ILQDOLFHQ HQ EXHQ WpUPLQR ODV QHJRFLDFLRQHV GHO 0(5&2
6858( \ TXH HO DUUR] HVWp LQFOXLGR HQWUH ORV SURGXFWRV
TXHLQWHJUHQHODFXHUGR
$UUR]DOHVHQ'RxDQD$QGDOXFtD
Descargar