,9%81,'$'(6'(&21752/ /DVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWUROVRQXQFRQMXQWRGHWLUDQWHVWXHUFDVDUDQGHODV\SOHWLQDVTXHDGPLWHYDULDVFRQÀJXUDFLRQHV 6XSURSyVLWRHVOLPLWDUORVPRYLPLHQWRVGHODMXQWDGHH[SDQVLyQSDUDHYLWDUTXHODMXQWDVHGHVSODFHPiVDOOiGHVXV OtPLWHVRSDUDUHVWULQJLUVXVPRYLPLHQWRVGHQWURGHXQGHWHUPLQDGRUDQJR /RVPRYLPLHQWRVSXHGHQYHQLULPSXHVWRVGHVGHODWXEHUtDSHURWDPELpQGHVGHODSURSLDMXQWDGHH[SDQVLyQ/DVWXEH UtDVVHGHVSOD]DQGHELGRDYDULDFLRQHVWpUPLFDVYLEUDFLRQHVDVHQWDPLHQWRVHWF\SRURWURODGRODVSURSLDVMXQWDVGH H[SDQVLyQWLHQGHQDH[WHQGHUVHRFRQWUDHUVHGHELGRDODSUHVLyQLQWHUQD$VtSXHVODVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWUROVHGLVHxDQ SDUDUHVLVWLUHOFRQMXQWRGHHVWDVIXHU]DV /DVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWUROSXHGHQWUDQVPLWLU\FRQFHQWUDUHVDVIXHU]DVHQODVEULGDVGHODWXEHUtD\SRUHOORHOXVXDULR GHEHUiFRPSUREDUVXUHVLVWHQFLD(VWRHVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHLPSRUWDQWHHQHOFDVRGHWXEHUtDV\EULGDVGH)53 Materiales: 9 $FHURFODVH8.8 9 $FHUR$%+ 9 ,QR[LGDEOHV Orejeta (suelta) Bracket (loose type) Tuerca hex. Hex nut $FDEDGR 9 =LQFDGRELFURPDWDGR 9 *DOYDQL]DGRHQFDOLHQWH Tirante Tie rod Arandela esférica Spherical washer Fig. 4B: Análisis de esfuerzos en una unidad de control Fig. 4B: Stress analysis on a control unit Materials: 9 6WHHOFODVV 9 6WHHO$%+ 9 6WDLQOHVVVWHHO )LQLVKLQJ 9 (OHFWURSODWLQJ=Q&U 9 +RWGLSJDOYDQL]LQJ ,9%&21752/81,76 7KHFRQWUROXQLWVDUHVHWVRIURGVQXWVZDVKHUVDQGEUDFNHWVWKDWPD\UHVXOWLQPXOWLSOHFRQÀJXUDWLRQV7KHLUIXQFWLRQ LVWROLPLWWKHPRYHPHQWRIWKHH[SDQVLRQMRLQWWRSUHYHQWLWIURPPRYLQJEH\RQGLWVOLPLWVRUWRUHVWULFWLWVPRYH PHQWVZLWKLQDFHUWDLQUDQJH 7KHSLSHPD\WUDQVPLWPRYHPHQWWRWKHH[SDQVLRQMRLQWEXWPRYHPHQWVDUHDOVRJHQHUDWHGZLWKLQWKHMRLQWLWVHOI7KH SLSHVPRYHGXHWRWKHUPDOÁXFWXDWLRQVYLEUDWLRQVVHWWOHPHQWVHWF)RUWKHLUSDUWWKHH[SDQVLRQMRLQWVWKHPVHOYHV WHQGWRH[SDQGRUFRQWUDFWGXHWRLQWHUQDOSUHVVXUH&RQWUROXQLWVDUHGHVLJQHGWRZLWKVWDQGDOOWKHVHIRUFHV &RQWUROXQLWVPD\WUDQVPLWDQGFRQFHQWUDWHWKHVHIRUFHVLQWKHÁDQJHVRIWKHSLSHIRUZKLFKUHDVRQWKHXVHUPXVW FKHFNWKHLUUHVLVWDQFH7KLVLVSDUWLFXODUO\LPSRUWDQWLQWKHFDVHRISLSHDQGÁDQJHVPDGHRI)53PDWHULDOV /DVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWUROVHÀMDQDODMXQWDGHH[SDQVLyQPHGLDQWHRUHMHWDVTXHEiVLFDPHQWHVHFRQÀJXUDQGHFXDWUR IRUPDVGLIHUHQWHVWDO\FRPRVHLOXVWUDHQODVVLJXLHQWHVÀJXUDV &RQFDUiFWHUJHQHUDOSafetech UHFRPLHQGDODVGLVSRVLFLRQHVLOXVWUDGDVHQÀJXUDV&\'SRUVHUPiVHIHFWLYDV\ SUiFWLFDV/DVRUHMHWDVVXHOWDVLQWHUQDVGHODÀJXUD(VXHOHQUHTXHULUHVSDFLRH[WUDSDUDHYLWDUFRQWDFWRFRQHOFXHUSR GHJRPD6LQHPEDUJRWRGDVHOODVSXHGHQWHQHUVXDSOLFDFLyQVHJ~QODVFRQGLFLRQHVSDUWLFXODUHVGHLQVWDODFLyQ Fig. 4C: Orejetas externas fijadas a la brida de la tubería g 4C: External brackets attached to the pipe p p flange fl g Fig. Fig. 4D: Orejetas integradas en la brida de la junta de expansión g 4D: Brackets built into the flange fl g off the expansion p j fl g Fig. joint’s flange 9 Apto para tuberías PRFV 9 Suitable for FRP piping Fig. 4E: Orejetas internas fijadas a la brida de la junta Fig. 4E: Internal brackets attached to the expansion joint flange Fig. 4F: Orejetas soldadas a la brida de la junta Fig. 4F: Brackets welded to the expansion joint’s flange 7KHFRQWUROXQLWVDUHDWWDFKHGWRWKHH[SDQVLRQMRLQWXVLQJEUDFNHWVFRQÀJXUHGEDVLFDOO\LQIRXUGLIIHUHQWZD\VDV VKRZQLQWKHDERYHÀJXUHV ,QJHQHUDOWHUPVSafetech UHFRPPHQGVWKHDUUDQJHPHQWVLOOXVWUDWHGLQÀJXUHV&DQG'DVWKH\DUHPRUHHIIHFWLYH DQGSUDFWLFDO7KHLQWHUQDOORRVHEUDFNHWVVKRZQLQ)LJ(W\SLFDOO\UHTXLUHH[WUDVSDFHWRDYRLGLQWHUIHUHQFHZLWKWKH UXEEHUERG\+RZHYHUWKH\DOOPLJKWHYHQWXDOO\EHXVHGGHSHQGLQJRQWKHVSHFLÀFFRQGLWLRQVRILQVWDOODWLRQ /RVWLUDQWHVOLPLWDGRUHVGHODVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWUROSXHGHQHTXLSDUVHFRQGLIHUHQWHVHOHPHQWRVFRPRWXHUFDVDUDQGH ODVSODQDVDUDQGHODVHVIpULFDVDVLHQWRVHODVWRPpULFRVPDQJXLWRVGHFRPSUHVLyQDUWLFXODFLRQHVHWF'HHQWUHPXFKDV RWUDVODVVLJXLHQWHVVRQDOJXQDVGHODVFRQÀJXUDFLRQHVSRVLEOHV Fig. 4G: Configuración “Lateral” Equipadas con arandelas esféricas y restringiendo el desplazamiento axial estas unidades de control solo permiten movimientos laterales en la junta de expansión. Las arandelas esféricas distribuyen la carga y suavizan el desplazamiento. Fig. 4H y 4I: Configuración “Universal” Equipadas con arandelas planas y cojintes elastoméricos la posición de las tuercas permiten cierto movimiento axial de compresión y de extensión. La posición de las tuercas se ajusta de tal modo que los espacios no superen los movimientos máximos permitidos para la junta en cuestión. Los asientos elastoméricos amortiguan la transmisión de vibraciones. En la figura 4I se sustituyen las tuercas internas por un manguito de compresión. Fig. 4G: “Lateral” configuration These control units are equipped with spherical washers. Axial displacement is restricted and only lateral movement is allowed in the expansion joint. The spherical washers distribute the load homogenously and smoothen displacement. Fig. 4H y 4I: “Universal” configuration Equipped with plain washers and elastomeric bushings, the position of the nuts allows for some axial compression and extension movement. The position of the nuts is adjusted to prevent the gaps from exceeding the maximum allowable movement of the expansion joint. The elastomeric bushings dampen noise transmission. In Figure 4I the internal nuts are replaced by a compression sleeve. 7KHWLHURGVPD\EHHTXLSSHGZLWKGLIIHUHQWHOHPHQWVVXFKDVQXWVÁDWZDVKHUVVSKHULFDOZDVKHUVHODVWRPHULFEXV KLQJVFRPSUHVVLRQVOHHYHVKLQJHVHWF7KHIROORZLQJDUHVRPHRIWKHSRVVLEOHFRQÀJXUDWLRQVDPRQJPDQ\RWKHUV 8QLGDGHVGHFRQWURODQJXODUHV /DVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWURODUWLFXODGDVSHUPLWHQDODMXQWDGHH[SDQVLyQGHIRUPDUVH DQJXODUPHQWHPLHQWUDVUHVWULQJHQORVPRYLPLHQWRVD[LDOHV\ODWHUDOHV /D)LJXUD-PXHVWUDXQDMXQWDDUWLFXODGDGHWULSOHRQGDTXHDGPLWHDPSOLRVPRYL PLHQWRDQJXODUHV(VWRVPRYLPLHQWRVDQJXODUHVTXHGDQOLPLWDGRVDXQ~QLFRSODQR 3DUDPRYLPLHQWRVDQJXODUHVPXOWLSODQDUHVHVWiQGLVSRQLEOHVXQLGDGHVGHFRQWURO GRQGH XQD DUWLFXODFLyQ WLSR &DUGiQ SHUPLWH PRYLPLHQWRV DQJXODUHV FRPSOHWRV (VWHWLSRGHXQLGDGGHFRQWUROVHGHQRPLQD´*LPEDOµ $QJXODUFRQWUROXQLWV 7KHKLQJHGFRQWUROXQLWVDOORZWKHH[SDQVLRQMRLQWWRDFFRPPRGDWHDQJXODUPR YHPHQWVZKLOHUHVWULFWLQJD[LDODQGODWHUDOPRYHPHQWV )LJXUH-VKRZVDKLQJHGWULSOHFRQYROXWLRQH[SDQVLRQMRLQWWKDWDOORZVIRUODUJH DQJXODUPRYHPHQWV7KHVHDQJXODUPRYHPHQWVDUHOLPLWHGWRDVLQJOHSODQH &RQWURO XQLWV IRU PXOWLSODQDU DQJXODU PRYHPHQWV DUH DYDLODEOH $ &DUGDQ W\SH KLQJHDOORZVIRUIXOODQJXODUPRYHPHQWV7KLVW\SHRIFRQWUROXQLWLVNQRZQDVD *LPEDO Fig. 4J: Junta Flexel CG23 articulada Fig. 4J: Expansion joint FlexelCG23 hinged