!"#$%&'()%&&%&*'+,-./0,.1234'5%'6$%7&"'8*96:%;"' ' !"#$%&'()%&&%&*'+,-./0,.1234'<=$>%:%7'$?'@;*?%' ' 5$?"'<*9$>"&%?8*'A$&B$?' En-claves del Pensamiento, vol. IX, núm. 18, julio - diciembre, 2015, pp. 175-182 Publicación de la Escuela de Educación, Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales Rectoría del Tecnológico de Monterrey En-claves del Pensamiento, ISSN (Versión impresa): 1870-879X dora.garcia@itesm.mx en-claves.ccm@servicios.itesm.mx Escuela de Educación, Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales México Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974). De Piedra Completa Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974). Chiseled in stone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año IX, núm. 18, julio-diciembre, 2015, pp. 175-182 : 175. Dina Comisarenco Mirkin P)%1(J"$9+%)-O,+[5#24)+J+%#A#,(5-M%\D%#X+1%9(1A"<18%($%()%CDEC8%5+,,+O+! ,#$9+%#1Q%)#%",J($5-#%/%)#%#52"#)-9#9%9(%)+1%A+,%2#$2+%2-(KA+%(1A(,#9+1%$"(.+1% "#$%&'(#)#(*+"),%"#$+()-+$'#$-.)/-+$")&")0-) @*:%88$AB'CDE$8*'"';&"#D='7%'=)=' "&;$=;"=1)&"0) 0]@B^1)"0)0'*+()#")$'$%0-)!"#$%&'()%&&%&*4',-./0,.128%/%(124%5+K! 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Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974). De Piedra Completa T(19(%I"(%($%)#%9<5#9#%9(%EVCD8%!(#$%*6#,)+2%A"O)-5#,#%1"%2(12-K+$-+%1+O,(% ()%-KA#52+%9()%5+$+5-K-($2+%2<5$-5+%9(%S"(,,(,+%($%)#%+O,#%2(KA,#$#%9(%T-(J+% &-.(,#8%9(%2(12-K+$-+1%+,#)(1%/%(15,-2+1%9()%K-1K+%T-(J+%/%9()%9(%T#.-9%B)'#,+% 3-I"(-,+18%5+,,+O+,#$9+%9-56+%-KA#52+%($%2+9+1%)+1%A,+2#J+$-12#1%9()%K+.-K-($! 2+%K",#)-12#%($%1"1%+,QJ($(18%/%9(%I"(%05f-$)(/%g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hT(%A-(9,#%5+KA)(2#i8%#%2,#.<1%9(%"$%K(2-5")+1+%/%O-($% '"$9#K($2#9+%(12"9-+8%!"#$%&#'#()%*+,+$()%&-.(,#8%1(%A,+A"1+%($2+$5(1%5+! 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J($9#,-#1%I"(%)+1%"$Q#8%/%.#,-+1%2(12-K+$-+1%9(%#,2-12#1%(%-$2()(52"#)(1%I"(%5+! $+5-(,+$%#%)#%A#,(?#%($%.-9#8%5+K+%)#%3,#:%*()-#%S+$74)(7%9(%&"7%/%()%T,:%^"7% 0"X+7%5+$%I"-($(1%2($J+%()%($+,K(%6+$+,%2(%5+KA#,2-,%(12#%K(1#8%&-$#%^#7+% /%B,2",+%S#,5Q#%d"12+18%/%0#,Q#%bjg-JJ-$18%I"-($(1%#%2,#.<1%9(%1"1%2(12-K+$-+18% ($,-I"(5($%($+,K(K($2(%()%2(=2+%,(5"A(,#$9+%)#%#52"#)-9#9%9(%)#%6-12+,-#%I"(% #I"Q%1(%,(5+$12,"/(: GY+,%I"<%($2+$5(18%(1%I"(%6#12#%)#%'(56#%1#OQ#K+1%2#$%A+5+%1+O,(%)#%A,+! 9"55-M$%#,2Q12-5#%9(%R#.-(,%S"(,,(,+L%!#K(1%a(561)(,8%($%1"%5#AQ2")+%2-2")#9+% GB'"8%&8"9$%B;*'"'!"#$%&'()%&&%&*1)#%8'"+"1)2(,)9%24()-2'"+$(1)%,-)&")0-#) 5)#.(1%9(%5#,452(,%-9(+)MJ-5+%I"(%1-$%)"J#,%#%9"9#1%9(O(K+1%2+K#,%($%5"($2#% EN-CLAVES DEL PENSAMIENTO, año IX, núm. 18, julio-diciembre, 2015, pp. 175-182 : 177. Dina Comisarenco Mirkin A#,#%,(1A+$9(,%#%(12#%A,(J"$2#8%A"(1%1-$%9"9#%(12(%2-A+%9(%5+$1-9(,#5-+$(18% 9(% '+,K#% K41% +% K($+1% 5+$5-($2(% 1(J_$% ()% 5#1+8% 6#$% 5+$2,-O"-9+% #)% 1-)($5-+% J($(,#)-7#9+%($%2+,$+%2#$2+%#%1"%.-9#%5+K+%/8%A,-$5-A#)K($2(8%#%1"%+O,#:%k,#1% "$%K"/%A,(5-1+%(12"9-+%9(%)#1%'"($2(1%9+5"K($2#)(1%(=-12($2(1%($%2+,$+%#%)#1% #52-.-9#9(1%9(1#,,+))#9#1%A+,%()%#,2-12#%($%)+1%P12#9+1%]$-9+18%9(19(%)#%+,J#$-! 7#5-M$%9(%1"%A,-K(,%(=A+1-5-M$%1+O,(%#,2(1%A+A")#,(1%K(=-5#$#1%($%^+1%l$J(! )(1%($%EVCC8%A#1#$9+%A+,%A"O)-5#5-+$(1%9(%/%1+O,(%()%#,2-12#%($%)#%A,($1#%9(% #I"()%($2+$5(18%6#12#%))(J#,%#%K($5-+$(1%A+,%A#,2(%9(%)#%5,Q2-5#%(1A(5-#)-7#9#% ($%2+,$+%#)%A,(K-+%,(5-O-9+%A+,%R#.-(,%S"(,,(,+8%($%()%5+$5",1+%9(%9-1(X+%+,! 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Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974). De Piedra Completa T-(J+%&-.(,#8%I"(8%"$#%.(7%K418%/%K41%#))4%9(%)#1%5#"1#1%A,+'"$9#1%9(%9-56#% 9(5-1-M$8%#2($9-($9+%#%)#%'#)2#%9(%-$9(A($9($5-#%A+,%A#,2(%9(%)#%5,Q2-5#%(1A(5-#! )-7#9#8% 1-$% 9"9#1% $+% 9(O(% 6#O(,% 5+$2,-O"-9+% #% 5+$1+)-9#,% )#% O"($#% '#K#% 9()% #,2-12#%($%1"1%-$-5-+18%#"$I"(%A#,#%#I"()%($2+$5(1%/#%(,#%"$#%A#,2(%-$2(J,#)%9()% 9(3'9'",$()9%+-0'#$-)+"3(0%2'(,-+'(. k#KA+5+%#/"9M%($%(12(%1($2-9+8%()%6(56+%9(%I"(8%#)J"$+1%9(%1"1%A,-K(,+1% ',(15+1%-$9-.-9"#)(1%K41%1-J$-'-5#2-.+18%2#)(1%5+K+%I"'J)=;$8$")>)K:'8"6$;":$=9*1) ,(#)-7#9+1%($2,(%EVCq%/%EVCp8%($%)#%5#1#%9(%)+1%9-,(52+,(1%9(%)#%($2+$5(1%P1! 5"()#% @#5-+$#)% 9(% BJ,-5")2",#% *6#A-$J+8% 2#)% /% 5+K+% $+1% 9-5(% ^MA(7% b,+75+8% I"-741%h6#/#$%A(,K#$(5-9+%"$%2#$2+%+).-9#9+1%9(O-9+%#%)+%,(12,-52-.+%I"(%A+9Q#% 1(,% ()% .-1-2#,)+1% ($% r% "$% (1A#5-+% 1(K-A,-.#9+:i@) A"*"9(#) 2(,#'&"+-+) -#61) 0-) -KA+,2#$5-#%9(%)#%"O-5#5-M$%,(#)K($2(%A_O)-5#%+%$+%9(%)+1%($5#,J+1%K",#)(18% A"(1%5+K+%1#O(K+18%K"56#1%.(5(18%)+1%)"J#,(1%K41%.-1-O)(1%/%)+1%I"(%J#,#$! 2-7#O#$%2#KO-<$%)#%K(?+,%5+$1(,.#5-M$%9(%)#%+O,#8%'"(,+$%J($(,#)K($2(%K+$+! 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Dina Comisarenco Mirkin P)%#"2+,%1"J-(,(%K"/%#5(,2#9#K($2(8%I"(%K41%#))4%9(%5"4)%9(%)+1%K-(KO,+1% 9(%)#%A#,(?#%#A#,(5Q#%+'-5-#)K($2(%5+K+%2-2")#,%9(%5#9#%"$+%9(%9-56+1%A,(K-+1% /%A,+/(52+18%1(%2,#2#O#%9(%"$%.(,9#9(,+%2,#O#?+%5+)#O+,#2-.+8%A"(1%('(52-.#K($! 2(%($%()%9-1(X+%-$9"12,-#)8%)#%A#,(?#%A#,(5(%6#O(,%($5+$2,#9+%"$#%'+,K#%5+$5,(! 2#% 9(% 1"A(,#,% ()% -$9-.-9"#)-1K+% I"(% /#% ($2+$5(1% 9(1.-,2"#O#% #)J"$#1% 9(% )#1% A,(K-1#1%'"$9#9+,#1%9()%K+.-K-($2+%K",#)-12#%($%()%5Q,5")+%#,2Q12-5+%$#5-+$#)8% A#,#%5+)#O+,#,%5+$%()%O-($(12#,%1+5-#)%9(%#5"(,9+%5+$%)#1%A,+'"$9#1%5+$.-55-+! $(1%-9(+)MJ-5#1%9(%)#%A#,(?#: 0(%A(,K-2+%#.($2",#,%#1Q%I"(%(1%?"12#K($2(%($%)+%J($"-$+%/%#A#1-+$#9+%9(% 1"1%5+$.-55-+$(1%-9(+)MJ-5#18%($%9+$9(%5,(+%,(1-9(%()%+,-J($%A,-$5-A#)%9(%)#1% 9-'-5")2#9(1%I"(%6+/%($%9Q#%($5+$2,#K+1%)+1%6-12+,-#9+,(1%9()%#,2(%A#,#%,(15#2#,% )#%+O,#%9(%R#.-(,%S"(,,(,+:%B%$"(12,+%#,2-12#8%A+,%5+$.-55-M$%/%A+,%5#,452(,8%$+% )(%-KA+,2#O#%()%,(5+$+5-K-($2+%A_O)-5+8%1-$+%()%A+$(,%1"%.-9#%/%1"%#,2(%#)%1(,.-! 5-+%9(%)#%J($2(:%P)%9-1(X+%/%)#%5+)#O+,#5-M$%#,2Q12-5#8%5+$%1"%A,-K(,%A#,(?#8%)#% 5+$+5-9#%'+2MJ,#'#%k-$#%0+9+22-8%5+$%1"%I"(,-9#%*)#,#8%5+$%)+1%J,#$9(1%K",#! )-12#1%5+K+%&-.(,#%+%3-I"(-,+18%+%5+$%.#,-+1%9(%)+1%-KA+,2#$2(1%5+)(52-.+1%#,2Q1! 2-5+1%#%)+1%I"(%A(,2($(5-M%5+K+%)#%^PB&%+%()%k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año IX, núm. 18, julio-diciembre, 2015, pp. 175-182-X : 180. Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974). De Piedra Completa R#.-(,%S"(,,(,+%5,(M%5+$%1"%9-15,(1-M$%#%2+9#%A,"(O#8%($%5+$2,#%9(%1"%K-1K#% '#K#: ^#%5+6(,($5-#%9(%1"1%5,(($5-#18%9(%1"%.-9#%A(,1+$#)%/%9(%1"%5#,,(,#8%5+$1! 2-2"/($%"$%.(,9#9(,+%,(2+%#%K"56+1%9(%)+1%54$+$(1%I"(%$+,K#)K($2(%,-J($%#% )#% 9-15-A)-$#% 2,#9-5-+$#)% 9(% )#% 6-12+,-#% 9()% #,2(:% P1% #1Q% 5MK+8% !"#$%&' ()%&&%&*' +,-./0,.1234'5%'6$%7&"'8*96:%;"1'2(,#$'$%>")%,-)9%>)*'",3",'&-)2(,$+'*%2'7,) #%)#%)-2(,#2",#%1+O,(%()%#,2(%9(%0<=-5+8%A"(1%$+%1M)+%,(-.-$9-5#%)#%'-J",#%9(%"$% 1(,%6"K#$+%/%9(%"$%#,2-12#%9(%J,#$%.#)Q#%#)%I"(%(1%K"/%9-'Q5-)%1(J"-,)(%1"1%6"(! ))#18%1-$+%I"(%1"J-(,(%#9(K418%$"(.+1%A,+O)(K#1%/%5#K-$+1%A#,#%)#%-$.(12-J#! 5-M$%/%)#%6-12+,-+J,#'Q#%9()%#,2(%$#5-+$#): !"#$%&'(")$*+#&'%("*,"#F s% T+5($2(N-$.(12-J#9+,#% 9(% )#% ]$-.(,1-9#9% UO(,+#K(,-5#$#8% 0<=-5+8% 9-$#:5+K-1#,($5+t 89-'0.2(9 RECEPCIÓN: 20/02/2014 RECEPTION: 20/02/2014 181 ACEPTACIÓN: 15/08/2014 ACCEPTANCE: 15/08/2014