R$M$ JUDICI$L DEL PODER PÚBLICO TRIBUN$L SUPERIOR

Anuncio
5$0$-8',&,$/'(/32'(53Ò%/,&2
75,%81$/683(5,25'(/',675,72-8',&,$/
'(%2*27È'&
6$/$&,9,/(63(&,$/,=$'$(15(67,78&,Ï1'(7,(55$6
0$*,675$'2321(17(
26&$5+80%(5725$0Ë5(=&$5'21$
%RJRWi'&FDWRUFHGHPD\RGHGRVPLOWUHFH
5()(5(1&,$
5HVWLWXFLyQGH7LHUUDV
'(0$1'$17( 6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ
2326,725
3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]\(VSHUDQ]D&DUGR]RGH2VRULR
5$',&$&,Ï1 'LVFXWLGR\DSUREDGRHQ6DODGHODPLVPDIHFKD
&RQEDVHHQHODFHUYRSUREDWRULRSUHVHQWDGR\UHFDXGDGRGHQWURGHODDFFLyQ
GH OD UHIHUHQFLD SURFHGH OD 6DOD (VSHFLDOL]DGD HQ 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV D
SURIHULUODVHQWHQFLDFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHSUHYLRORVVLJXLHQWHV
, $17(&('(17(6
&RPSHWHQFLD
&RUUHVSRQGH D HVWD 6DOD HO FRQRFLPLHQWR GH OD SUHVHQWH DFFLyQ GH
FRQIRUPLGDGFRQORQRUPDGRHQORVDUWtFXORV\GHOD/H\GH
HQFRQFRUGDQFLDFRQHO$UWGHO$FXHUGR1R36$$GHOGHIHEUHUR
GH SURIHULGR SRU OD 6DOD $GPLQLVWUDWLYD GHO &RQVHMR 6XSHULRU GH OD
-XGLFDWXUD
3UHVXSXHVWRV)iFWLFRV
/D 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV
'HVSRMDGDV ± 'LUHFFLyQ 7HUULWRULDO GHO 0HWD FRQ IXQGDPHQWR HQ HO DUWtFXOR
GH OD /H\ GH IRUPXOy VROLFLWXG GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GHO SUHGLR UXUDO
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
XELFDGR HQ OD YHUHGD $OWR GH 7LOODYi 0XQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ
'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD GHQRPLQDGR ³/D 3UHFLRVD´ D IDYRU GH OD VHxRUD
6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ \ VXV KLMRV 0LOOHU (GXDUGR -KRQDWWDQ $QGUpV 'LGLHU
$OH[DQGHU\:LOEHU-RVp9LJR\D$QJDULWDIODFGHTXLHQHVDILUPD
VRQ YtFWLPDV GH DEDQGRQR IRU]DGR \ SRVWHULRU GHVSRMR GH KHFKR VREUH HO
FLWDGRSUHGLRFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGHORVVLJXLHQWHVHSLVRGLRV
/DVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQFRQ&&1RVRVWXYR8QLyQ
0DULWDOGH+HFKRFRQHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODLGHQWLILFDGRFRQ
&&
(Q YLJHQFLD GH OD 8QLyQ 0DULWDO GH KHFKR UHDOL]DURQ HQ HO DxR GH XQD FRPSUDYHQWD GH PHMRUDV DO VHxRU 5RVHQGR &LSULDQR TXLHQ RVWHQWDED OD
FDOLGDGGHRFXSDQWHGHOSUHGLRGHQRPLQDGR³/D3UHFLRVD´FRQXQDH[WHQVLyQ
GHKHFWiUHDVPHWURVFXDGUDGRVXELFDGRHQOD,QVSHFFLyQGH3ROLFtD
GH$OWR7LOODYiGHOPXQLFLSLRGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ'HSDUWDPHQWRGHO0HWD
'HVGH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D \ VX FRPSDxHUR H[SORWDURQ GH PDQHUD
SHUVRQDO HO SUHGLR ³/D 3UHFLRVD´ FX\D SURSLHGDG SUHWHQGtDQ DGTXLULU SRU
DGMXGLFDFLyQ/DH[SORWDFLyQHFRQyPLFDHMHUFLGDVREUHHO SUHGLRFRQVLVWtDHQ
JDQDGHUtD +HFKR TXH VH DFUHGLWD VXPDULDPHQWH D WUDYpV GH ORV VLJXLHQWHV
GRFXPHQWRV D 5HJLVWUR GH KLHUURV JDQDGHURV H[SHGLGR HO GH VHSWLHPEUH
GH SRU OD 'LYLVLyQ GH 'HVDUUROOR $JURSHFXDULR GH OD 6HFUHWDUtD GH
$JULFXOWXUD\*DQDGHUtDGHO'HSDUWDPHQWRGHO0HWDHQHOTXHVHREVHUYDTXH
HO FDUQp 1R VH HQFXHQWUD UHJLVWUDGR D QRPEUH GH -RVp $JXVWtQ
9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ OD && 1R HQ OD ILQFD /D
3UHFLRVD YHUDGD 5XELDOHV GHO PXQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ E &RSLD GHO
UHJLVWUR GH PDUFDV 1R GHO &RPLWp GH *DQDGHURV GHO 0HWD VHFFLRQDO
)HGHJDQDQRPEUHGH-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODLGHQWLILFDGRFRQODFpGXOD
GHFLXGDGDQtD1RHQODTXHVHREVHUYDEDMRHOFDPSRGH³QRPEUH
\XELFDFLyQGHORVKDWRVGRQGHVHXVD´ORVLJXLHQWH ³)&$/$35(&,26$9(558%,$/(6
081,&*$,7$1<(172'2(/'(3$57$0(172'(/0(7$´
(O VHxRU -RVp $JXVWtQ 9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD KDFtD SDUWH GH OD MXQWD GH DFFLyQ
FRPXQDOGHODYHUHGD$OWR7LOODYiHQODFXDOHUDUHFRQRFLGRFRPROtGHUVRFLDO
\ FRPXQLWDULR DFWLYLGDG TXH OR OOHYy HQ YDULDV RSRUWXQLGDGHV D UHDOL]DU
H[LJHQFLDVHQGHIHQVDGHORVGHUHFKRVGHVXFRPXQLGDGIUHQWHDODSHWUROHUD
GHFDPSRUXELDOHVTXHH[SORWDUHFXUVRVQDWXUDOHVHQODUHJLyQ
2
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
(O VHxRU -RVp $JXVWtQ 9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD IXQJtD FRPR WUDQVSRUWDGRU
UHDOL]DGDDFDUUHRV\HOWUDQVSRUWHGHSHUVRQDVGHVGHOD,QVSHFFLyQGH3ROLFtD
GH$OWR7LOODYiDODFDEHFHUDPXQLFLSDOGH3XHUWR*DLWiQHQXQYHKtFXORPDUFD
7R\RWDFRORUURMRGHSODFDV/%PRGHOR
(OGtDGHPDU]RGHHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODVDOLy
HQVXYHKtFXORGHWUDEDMRUXPERD3XHUWR*DLWiQ\DTXHIXHFRQWUDWDGRSRU
XQDSHUVRQDSDUDWUDQVSRUWDUOR'HVGHHVHGtDQRVHYROYLyDVDEHUGHpO3RU
LQIRUPDFLyQ VXPLQLVWUDGD D OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ SRU SREODGRUHV
GHODYHUHGD(O3ODFHUPXQLFLSLRGH&XPDULERGHSDUWDPHQWRGHO9LFKDGDHO
VHxRU9LJR\D0DQWLOODIXHUDSWDGRSRUHOJUXSRJXHUULOOHURGHODV)$5&
(QODDFWXDOLGDGQRVHVDEHGHVXSDUDGHUR+HFKRFRQHOFXDOVHFRQILJXUDHO
GHOLWR GH GHVDSDULFLyQ IRU]DGD HQ SHUVRQD SURWHJLGD FRQGXFWD SXQLEOH
SURVFULWD SRU HO RUGHQDPLHQWR MXUtGLFR FRORPELDQR \ SRU ODV QRUPDV GH
'HUHFKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO +XPDQLWDULR 0DQLILHVWDQ TXH HVWH DFRQWHFLPLHQWR
EXVFDVHUSUREDGRVXPDULDPHQWHSRUPHGLRGHORVVLJXLHQWHVGRFXPHQWRVD
&RSLDVLPSOHGHODGHQXQFLDSHQDO1RSUHVHQWDGDSRUODVHxRUD6RUD\D
DQWHHO&7,GH9LOODYLFHQFLRHOGtDE&RSLDGHODFHUWLILFDFLyQGH
LQYHVWLJDFLyQSUHYLD1RSRUHOGHOLWRGHGHVDSDULFLyQGH-RVp$JXVWtQ
9LJR\D0DQWLOODH[SHGLGDHOGHRFWXEUHGHSRUOD-HIHGHOD8QLGDG
$QWLH[WRUVLyQ \ 6HFXHVWUR 6LPSOH )LVFDOtD GHOHJDGD DQWH MXHFHV SHQDOHV
GHOFLUFXLWRGH9LOODYLFHQFLRF&RSLDGHOHGLFWRSRUPHGLRGHOFXDOHOMX]JDGR
SULPHUR GH IDPLOLD GH 9LOODYLFHQFLR KDFH VDEHU TXH GHQWUR GHO SURFHVR GH
GHFODUDFLyQGHPXHUWHSUHVXQWDSRUGHVDSDUHFLPLHQWRGHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ
9LJR\D0DQWLOODUDGLFDGRVHGLFWyVHQWHQFLDGHSULPHUDLQVWDQFLD\
VHJXQGD LQVWDQFLD GH IHFKD GH MXOLR GH \ GH RFWXEUH GH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH$OOtVHGHFODUyODPXHUWHSUHVXQWDSRUGHVDSDUHFLPLHQWRGHO
PHQFLRQDGR VHxRU G &HUWLILFDFLyQ GH OD -XQWD GH $FFLyQ &RPXQDO GH OD
9HUHGD 7LOODYi /RPD FRQ SHUVRQHUtD MXUtGLFD 1R GH HQ DO FXDO VH
FHUWLILFD TXH HO VHxRU -RVp $JXVWtQ 9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD \ OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D
$QJDULWD*LUyQYLYtDQHQODYHUHGDGHVGHKDVWD$xRHQHOTXHHO
PHQFLRQDGRVHxRUIXHYtFWLPDGHGHVDSDULFLyQIRU]DGD
(Q PDU]R GH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ VH GHVSOD]y
IRU]DGDPHQWHKDFLDODFLXGDGGH9LOODYLFHQFLRGHELGRDOWHPRUTXHOHSURGXFtD
FRQWLQXDUYLYLHQGRHQOD,QVSHFFLyQGH$OWR7LOODYi
3
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
(QODVHxRUD6RUD\DIXHFRQWDFWDGDSRUXQPLOLFLDQRGHODV)$5&
TXLHQODFLWyHQOD,QVSHFFLyQGH3ROLFtDGH$OWR7LOODYi\DTXHHOFRPDQGDQWH
GH HVH JUXSR DUPDGR DOLDV ³5DPyQ´ TXHUtD KDEODU FRQ HOOD VREUH HO SUHGLR
TXH KDEtD WHQLGR TXH DEDQGRQDU 'RV KHFKRV UHOHYDQWHV VXFHGLHURQ HQ OD
UHXQLyQD6HJ~QPDQLIHVWyODVROLFLWDQWHEDMRODJUDYHGDGGHOMXUDPHQWRHQ
OD UHXQLyQ HVWDED HO VHxRU 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] DFWXDO RFXSDQWH GHO SUHGLR
TXLHQRIUHFLyFRPSUDUODILQFDLQWHQFLyQTXHIXHUHFKD]DGDSRUODJXHUULOODGH
ODV )$5& E (O JXHUULOOHUR DOLDV 5DPyQ OH SURSXVR D OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D TXH
WUDEDMDUDSDUDHOORVDORFXDOpVWDVHQHJy'HELGRDODQHJDWLYDODVROLFLWDQWH
GHELyVDOLUQXHYDPHQWHGHOD]RQD
'HELGR D ORV KHFKRV QDUUDGRV DQWHULRUPHQWH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D \ VX
Q~FOHRIDPLOLDUVHYLHURQREOLJDGRV DUDGLFDUVHHQODFLXGDGGH9LOODYLFHQFLR
HQGRQGHUHSRUWDURQORVKHFKRVYLFWLPL]DQWHVVLHQGRLQFOXLGRVHQHO5HJLVWUR
ÒQLFRGH3REODFLyQ'HVSOD]DGD±583'EDMRHOFyGLJRGHGHFODUDFLyQ
,'SHUVRQDFRQIHFKDGHGHFODUDFLyQGHO
(OGtDGHMXOLRGHWUHVJUXSRVGHSDUDPLOLWDUHV/RV%XLWUDJR/RV
8UDEHxRV \ $XWRGHIHQVDV &DPSHVLQDV GH 0HWD \ 9LFKDGD LQFXUVLRQy HQ HO
FDVHUtR/D/RPDGHOD,QVSHFFLyQGH3ROLFtDGH$OWR7LOODYi6HLQFLQHUDURQ
FDVDV DVHVLQDURQ D KRPEUHV HO VHxRU $TXLOLQR $ULDV \ GRV LQGtJHQDV GHO
UHVJXDUGR'XUDQWHODLQFXUVLyQORVSDUDPLOLWDUHVGHJROODURQYDULRVDQLPDOHV
GH FRUUDO \ SXVLHURQ VXV FDEH]DV HQ HVWDFDV DKRJDURQ DYHV GH FRUUDO HQ
FDQHFDV GH DJXD \ GHMDURQ XQ OHWUHUR HQ HO TXH VH SRGtD OHHU ³SRU FDGD UHV
UREDGDXQSXHEORPDVDFUDGR´+HFKRVTXHFRQVWLWX\HQORVWLSRVSHQDOHVGHWRUWXUD
HQSHUVRQDSURWHJLGD\DFWRVGHWHUURULVPR/RFXDOVHSXHGHFRUURERUDUHQ
ORV RILFLRV )-<3 ) 81-<3\ ) 81-<3 GHO GH
RFWXEUHGHVHSWLHPEUH\GHVHSWLHPEUHGHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
(OWHUUHQRVREUHHOFXDOODVROLFLWDQWHRVWHQWDEDODFDOLGDGGHRFXSDQWH
IXHRFXSDGRSRUHOVHxRU3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]\VXHVSRVDODVHxRUD(VSHUDQ]D
&DUGR]RTXLHQHVDVHJXUDQTXHSDFWDURQFRQODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ
\FRQHOJUXSRJXHUULOOHUR±)$5&ODFRPSUDGHOSUHGLRDGHPiVFDPELDURQ
ODGHQRPLQDFLyQGHOSUHGLRDKRUDOODPDGR³5DQFKR*UDQGH´FRPRVHSXHGH
FRQVWDWDUHQHOHVFULWRGHVHSWLHPEUHGHUDGLFDGRDQWHOD8$(*57'SRU
3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]\HOWUiPLWHDGPLQLVWUDWLYRDGHODQWDGR DQWHHO,1&2'(5
VHJ~QUHVROXFLyQGHOGHDJRVWRGH
4
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
(OGHRFWXEUHGHDQWHODSHUVRQHUtDPXQLFLSDOGH9LOODYLFHQFLROD
VHxRUD 6RUD\D VROLFLWy LQVFULSFLyQ HQ HO IROLR GH PDWUtFXOD LQPRELOLDULD GH OD
PHGLGD GH SURWHFFLyQ H LQJUHVy DO 5HJLVWUR ~QLFR GH 3UHGLRV \ 7HUULWRULRV
$EDQGRQDGRV5837$
(O GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR VH SURGXMR FRQ SRVWHULRULGDG DO GH HQHUR
GH+HFKRSUREDGRGHPDQHUDVXPDULDFRQRILFLR1R
GHO GH DJRVWR GH H[SHGLGR SRU OD 8QLGDG 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \
5HSDUDFLyQ ,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV \ OD 5HVROXFLyQ 1R 7 GH
VHSWLHPEUH GH HPLWLGD SRU OD $JHQFLD 3UHVLGHQFLDO SDUD OD $FFLyQ
6RFLDO\OD&RRSHUDFLyQ,QWHUQDFLRQDO
(OGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGRGHOTXHIXHYtFWLPDODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD
*LUyQ LPSLGLy HO FRQWDFWR GLUHFWR H LQGLUHFWR FRQ VX SUHGLR 3RU HQGH OD
H[SORWDFLyQ TXH YHQtD HMHUFLHQGR GHVGH HO DxR GH PDQHUD SDFtILFD H
LQLQWHUUXPSLGDIXHSHUWXUEDGDLOHJDOPHQWH
,GHQWLILFDFLyQ GH ODV YtFWLPDV WLWXODULGDG GHO GHUHFKR D OD
UHVWLWXFLyQ GH OD VROLFLWDQWH 1~FOHR IDPLOLDU GH 6RUD\D $QJDULWD
*LUyQ
1RPEUH
,GHQWLILFDFLyQ
(GDG
(VWDGR&LYLO
)HFKD
GH
7LHPSR
&DOLGDG TXH
YLQFXODFLyQ
WRWDO
FRQ
YLQFXODFLyQ
HO
GH
RVWHQWDED
SUHGLR
6RUD\D
9LXGD
DxRV
2FXSDFLyQ
$QJDULWD
*LUyQ
1~FOHRIDPLOLDUGH6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ
1RPEUHV
,GHQWLILFDFLyQ
(GDG
9LQFXOR
3UHVHQWHDOPRPHQWRGHOD
YLFWLPL]DFLyQ
0LOOHU(GXDUGR9LJROOD$QJDULWD
+LMR
QR
-KRQDWWDQ$QGUpV9LJROOD$QJDULWD
+LMR
QR
'LGLHU$OH[DQGHU9LJROOD$QJDULWD
+LMR
QR
:LOEHU-RVp9LJROOD$QJDULWD
+LMR
QR
5
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
,GHQWLILFDFLyQItVLFD\MXUtGLFDGHOSUHGLR
6HWUDWDGHXQELHQEDOGtRXELFDGRHQHO'HSDUWDPHQWRGHO0HWD0XQLFLSLR
GH3XHUWR*DLWiQ,QVSHFFLyQGH$OWR7LOODYi
1RPEUH
0DWUtFXOD
ÈUHD
ÈUHD
1RPEUH
5HODFLyQ
GHOSUHGLR
LQPRELOLDULD
7RSRJUiILFD
FDWDVWUDO
WLWXODU
MXUtGLFDGH
SURYLVLRQDO
+D
+D
HQ
OD
FDWDVWUR
VROLFLWDQWH
D
1~PHURFDWDVWUDO
QRPEUH
GH
OD
FRQ
1DFLyQ
/D3UHFLRVD
HO
SUHGLR
-DLUR
+HFWiUHDV
5DPtUH]
2FXSDQWH
3HGUR
/HyQ
*HRUUHIHUHQFLDFLyQ
1R
/RQJLWXG
/DWLWXG
ž´:
ž´1
ž´:
ž´1
ž´:
ž´:
3XQWR
ž´1
ž´1
$O SUHGLR HQ FXHVWLyQ SRU VROLFLWXG GH OD 'LUHFFLyQ 7HUULWRULDO 0HWD GH OD
8$(*57'IRUPXODGDDQWHOD2ILFLQDGH5HJLVWURGH,QVWUXPHQWRV3~EOLFRVGHO
&tUFXOR 5HJLVWUDO GH 3XHUWR /ySH] VH OH DEULy IROLR GH PDWUtFXOD LQPRELOLDULD
FRUUHVSRQGLpQGROHHOQ~PHUR
2FXSDQWHTXHVHKDOODHQHOSUHGLR\VXLQWHUYHQFLyQHQHOWUiPLWH
DGPLQLVWUDWLYR
,QIRUPD OD 'LUHFFLyQ 7HUULWRULDO 0HWD GH OD 8$(*57' TXH SRU PHGLR GH OD
5HVROXFLyQ57,GHOGHDJRVWRGHLQLFLyHOHVWXGLRIRUPDOGHOD
VROLFLWXG 1R VREUH LQFOXVLyQ HQ HO 5HJLVWUR GH 7LHUUDV
'HVSRMDGDV \ $EDQGRQDGDV )RU]RVDPHQWH SUHVHQWDGD SRU OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D
$QJDULWD*LUyQODFXDOIXHFRPXQLFDGDHQHOSUHGLRVROLFLWDGRHQUHVWLWXFLyQHO
GtDGHDJRVWRGHSRUPHGLRGHORILFLR1R27&FRQHOTXHVH
LQIRUPy D ODV SHUVRQDV LQWHUHVDGDV TXH WHQtDQ XQ WpUPLQR GH GtDV SDUD
DSRUWDU ORV HOHPHQWRV SUREDWRULRV H LQIRUPDFLyQ TXH SUHWHQGtDQ KDFHU YDOHU
GHQWURGHOWUiPLWHDUWtFXORGHO'GH'LFKDFRPXQLFDFLyQIXH
HQWUHJDGDSHUVRQDOPHQWHD3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]LGHQWLILFDGRFRQODFpGXODGH
FLXGDGDQtD1RTXLHQDVHJXUyVHUHOSURSLHWDULRDFWXDOGHOSUHGLR
6
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
(OGHRFWXEUHGHHOPHQFLRQDGRVHxRUFRPSDUHFLy DQWHOD8QLGDG\
DSRUWySUXHEDVGRFXPHQWDOHV
(O SURFHGLPLHQWR DGPLQLVWUDWLYR FXPSOLPLHQWR GHO UHTXLVLWR GH
SURFHGLELOLGDG
/D'LUHFFLyQ7HUULWRULDO0HWDGHOD8QLGDG$GPLQLVWUDWLYD(VSHFLDOGH*HVWLyQ
GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV XQD YH] DGHODQWDGR HO SURFHGLPLHQWR
DGPLQLVWUDWLYRSURYRFDGRSRU6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQHPLWLyOD5HVROXFLyQ1R
575GHOGHRFWXEUHGHPHGLDQWHODFXDOGLVSXVRODLQVFULSFLyQ
GHO SUHGLR UXUDO GHQRPLQDGR ³/D 3UHFLRVD´ D QRPEUH GH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D
$QJDULWD*LUyQ
'HQWURGHOPLVPRWUiPLWHDGPLQLVWUDWLYRVHRUGHQyDOD2ILFLQDGH5HJLVWURGH
,QVWUXPHQWRV 3~EOLFRV GHO &tUFXOR 5HJLVWUDO GH 3XHUWR /ySH] TXH DEULHUD HO
UHVSHFWLYR IROLR GH PDWUtFXOD LQPRELOLDULD D QRPEUH GH OD 1DFLyQ \ VH
LQVFULELHUDHQpOODPHGLGDGHSURWHFFLyQDIDYRUGHODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD
*LUyQ
(OLQIRUPHWpFQLFRSUHGLDO,'HVWDEOHFLyHOYDORUFDWDVWUDOSRUKHFWiUHDV
GHOSUHGLRREMHWRGHODVROLFLWXG
&XPSOLGRORDQWHULRUODVHxRUD6RUD\DVROLFLWyDOD8QLGDGTXHODUHSUHVHQWDUD
HQ HO SUHVHQWH WUiPLWH MXGLFLDO SDUD TXH HQ VX QRPEUH \ D VX IDYRU
SUHVHQWDUDODFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVROLFLWXGGHUHVWLWXFLyQ
3UHWHQVLRQHV
4XHVHGHFODUHTXHODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQLGHQWLILFDGDFRQOD
&& 1R HV YtFWLPD GH DEDQGRQR IRU]DGR GH WLHUUDV HQ ORV
WpUPLQRVGHORVDUWtFXORV\GHOD/H\\HQFRQVHFXHQFLD
WLWXODUHOGHUHFKRIXQGDPHQWDODODUHVWLWXFLyQMXUtGLFD\PDWHULDOGHWLHUUDV
6H SURWHMD HO GHUHFKR IXQGDPHQWDO D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ \ IRUPDOL]DFLyQ GH
7LHUUDV GH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ LGHQWLILFDGD FRQ FpGXOD GH
FLXGDGDQtD 1R HQ ORV WpUPLQRV HVWDEOHFLGRV SRU OD +RQRUDEOH
&RUWH&RQVWLWXFLRQDOPHGLDQWHVHQWHQFLD7GH\7GH
7
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
4XHHQORVWpUPLQRVGHOOLWHUDOJGHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GH
VH IRUPDOLFH OD UHODFLyQ MXUtGLFD GH OD YtFWLPD FRQ HO SUHGLR LQGLYLGXDOL]DGR H
LGHQWLILFDGR HQ OD VROLFLWXG HQ FRQVHFXHQFLD VH RUGHQH DO ,QVWLWXWR
&RORPELDQRSDUDHO'HVDUUROOR5XUDO,1&2'(5DGMXGLFDUHOSUHGLRUHVWLWXLGR
DIDYRUGHODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ$GLFLRQDOPHQWHHQDSOLFDFLyQGHO
FULWHULR GH JUDWXLGDG VHxDODGR HQ HO SDUiJUDIR GHO DUWtFXOR GH OD /
VH RUGHQH D OD 2ILFLQD GH 5HJLVWUR GH ,QVWUXPHQWRV 3~EOLFRV GH
3XHUWR/ySH]HOUHJLVWURGHODVUHVROXFLRQHVGHDGMXGLFDFLyQHQHOUHVSHFWLYR
IROLRGHPDWUtFXODLQPRELOLDULD
4XHFRPRPHGLGDGHUHSDUDFLyQLQWHJUDOVHUHVWLWX\DDODVHxRUD6RUD\D
$QJDULWD *LUyQ HO SUHGLR LGHQWLILFDGR H LQGLYLGXDOL]DGR FRQ HO QRPEUH
H[WHQVLyQ \ FyGLJR FDWDVWUDO HVWDEOHFLGR 3UHWHQVLyQ TXH VH IRUPXOD HQ
FRQFRUGDQFLD FRQ OR GLVSXHVWR HQ HO DUWtFXOR GH OD /H\ GH UHODFLRQDGR FRQ OD HQWUHJD \ IRUPDOL]DFLyQ GH ORV SUHGLRV LQVFULWRV HQ HO
5HJLVWURGH8$(*57'
4XHVHRUGHQHDOD2ILFLQDGH,QVWUXPHQWRV3~EOLFRVGHO&tUFXOR5HJLVWUDO
GH3XHUWR/ySH]LQVFULELUODVHQWHQFLDHQORVWpUPLQRVVHxDODGRVHQHOOLWHUDOF
GHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\
6HRUGHQHDOD2ILFLQDGH,QVWUXPHQWRV3~EOLFRVGHO&tUFXOR5HJLVWUDOGH
3XHUWR /ySH] OD LQVFULSFLyQ HQ HO IROLR GH PDWUtFXOD LQPRELOLDULD
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHODPHGLGDGHSURWHFFLyQMXUtGLFDSUHYLVWDHQHODUWtFXORGH
OD/H\GHHVWRVLHPSUH\FXDQGRODYtFWLPDDTXLHQVHOHUHVWLWX\D
HOELHQHVWpGHDFXHUGRFRQTXHVHSURILHUDGLFKDRUGHQGHSURWHFFLyQ
6HRUGHQHDODIXHU]DS~EOLFDDFRPSDxDU\FRODERUDUHQODGLOLJHQFLDGH
HQWUHJDPDWHULDOGHOSUHGLRDUHVWLWXLU/LWHUDO2DUWtFXORGHOD/H\
2UGHQDU HO FXPSOLPLHQWR GH OR HVWDEOHFLGR HQ HO DUWtFXOR GH OD /H\
HQ UHODFLyQ FRQ OD RUGHQ D ODV DXWRULGDGHV GH SROLFtD R PLOLWDUHV SDUD
TXHSUHVWHQVXHVSHFLDOFRODERUDFLyQSDUDYHODUSRUODHQWUHJDRSRUWXQDGHO
SUHGLR\SDUDSURFXUDUPDQWHQHUODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDGTXHOHSHUPLWD
XVXIUXFWXDU VX SURSLHGDG VLHPSUH TXH PHGLH HO FRQVHQWLPLHQWR SUHYLR GH
6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ
8
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
'H H[LVWLU PpULWR SDUD HOOR VH GHFODUH OD QXOLGDG GH ORV DFWRV
DGPLQLVWUDWLYRVTXHH[WLQJDQRUHFRQR]FDQGHUHFKRVLQGLYLGXDOHVRFROHFWLYRV
R PRGLILTXHQ VLWXDFLRQHV MXUtGLFDV SDUWLFXODUHV \ FRQFUHWDV LQFOX\HQGR ORV
SHUPLVRV FRQFHVLRQHV \ DXWRUL]DFLRQHV SDUD HO DSURYHFKDPLHQWR GH ORV
UHFXUVRVQDWXUDOHVTXHVHKXELHUHQRWRUJDGRVREUHORVSUHGLRVVROLFLWDGRVHQ
UHVWLWXFLyQ\IRUPDOL]DFLyQHQHVWDGHPDQGD
6HRUGHQHFDQFHODUODLQVFULSFLyQGHFXDOTXLHUGHUHFKRUHDOTXHWXYLHUH
XQ WHUFHUR VREUH ORV LQPXHEOHV REMHWR GH UHVWLWXFLyQ HQ YLUWXG GH FXDOTXLHU
REOLJDFLyQ FLYLO FRPHUFLDO DGPLQLVWUDWLYD R WULEXWDULD FRQWUDtGD GH
FRQIRUPLGDGFRQORGHEDWLGRHQHOSURFHVR
4XHFRPRPHGLGDFRQHIHFWRUHSDUDGRUVHLPSOHPHQWHQORVVLVWHPDVGH
DOLYLRV \R H[RQHUDFLyQ GH ORV SDVLYRV SUHYLVWRV HQ HO DUWtFXOR GH OD /H\
GH HVWR HQ FRQFRUGDQFLD FRQ OR HVWDEOHFLGR HQ HO DUWtFXOR \
VXEVLJXLHQWHVGHO'HFUHWRGH
6H RUGHQH DO ,QVWLWXWR *HRJUiILFR $JXVWtQ &RGD]]L ,*$& FRPR
DXWRULGDG FDWDVWUDO HQ HO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD OD DFWXDOL]DFLyQ GH VXV
UHJLVWURV FDUWRJUiILFRV \ DOIDQXPpULFRV DWHQGLHQGR OD LQGLYLGXDOL]DFLyQ H
LGHQWLILFDFLyQGHORVSUHGLRVORJUDGDFRQORVOHYDQWDPLHQWRVWRSRJUiILFRV\ORV
LQIRUPHVWpFQLFRVFDWDVWUDOHVDQH[RVDHVWDGHPDQGD$UW/
$ HIHFWR GH UHVSHWDU \ JDUDQWL]DU HO JRFH HIHFWLYR HVWDELOLGDG HQ HO
HMHUFLFLRGHOGHUHFKR\ODYRFDFLyQWUDQVIRUPDGRUDGHOGHUHFKRIXQGDPHQWDOD
OD UHVWLWXFLyQ MXUtGLFD \ PDWHULDO HQ ORV WpUPLQRV GHO OLWHUDO ³S´ DUWtFXOR RUGHQDUDO&RPLWp7HUULWRULDOGH-XVWLFLD7UDQVLFLRQDOGHO0HWDSDUDTXHHQHO
iPELWRGHVXVFRPSHWHQFLDV$UW'GHDUWLFXOHODVDFFLRQHV
LQWHULQVWLWXFLRQDOHV SHUWLQHQWHV HQ WpUPLQR GH UHSDUDFLyQ LQWHJUDO SDUD
EULQGDUODVFRQGLFLRQHVPtQLPDV\VRVWHQLEOHVSDUDHOGLVIUXWHGHORVGHUHFKRV
IXQGDPHQWDOHVFRQFXOFDGRVHQSHUVSHFWLYDGHQRUHSHWLFLyQ
3UHWHQVLyQVXEVLGLDULD(QFDVRGHDSOLFDFLyQGHODVFRPSHQVDFLRQHV
FRPRPHFDQLVPRVXEVLGLDULRDODUHVWLWXFLyQRUGHQDUODWUDQVIHUHQFLDGHOELHQ
DEDQGRQDGR FX\D UHVWLWXFLyQ HV LPSRVLEOH DO IRQGR GH OD 8QLGDG
$GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV GH
DFXHUGRDORGLVSXHVWRHQHOOLWHUDO³N´GHO$UWGHOD/
9
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
$FWXDFLyQSURFHVDO
6RPHWLGDODVROLFLWXGDUHSDUWRFRUUHVSRQGLyDO-X]JDGR3ULPHUR&LYLOGHO
&LUFXLWR (VSHFLDOL]DGR HQ 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV GH 9LOODYLFHQFLR GRQGH VH
VXUWLyODVLJXLHQWHDFWXDFLyQ
(OGHQRYLHPEUHGHVHDGPLWLyODGHPDQGD(VSHFLDOGH5HVWLWXFLyQ
\ )RUPDOL]DFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV \ VH LPSDUWLHURQ ODV GHPiV yUGHQHV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVIOF
(O GtD GH GLFLHPEUH GH VH QRWLILFy SHUVRQDOPHQWH GHO DXWR
DGPLVRULR DO VHxRU 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] \ OD VHxRUD (VSHUDQ]D &DUGR]R GH
2VRULRIO\FTXLHQHVHQVXFDOLGDGGHRSRVLWRUHV\DWUDYpVGH
DSRGHUDGRVHUHVLVWLHURQDODSURVSHULGDGGHODVSUHWHQVLRQHVGHODVROLFLWXG
6RVWLHQHQ TXH QR REUD SUXHED GHQWUR GHO SURFHVR GH OD 8QLyQ 0DULWDO GH
+HFKR HQWUD OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ \ HO GHVSDUHFLGR -RVp $JXVWtQ
9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD $GHPiV TXH FXDQGR VH UHDOL]y OD FRPSUDYHQWD GHO SUHGLR
³/D3UHFLRVD´DFWXDOPHQWH³5DQFKR*UDQGH´ODUHFODPDQWHYLYtDHQODFLXGDG
GH9LOODYLFHQFLR5HILHUHTXHHOVHxRU9LJR\DQXQFDWXYRJDQDGRHQHOSUHGLR
VLQR TXH VLPSOHPHQWH VH GHGLFDED DO FXOWLYR GH OD KRMD GH FRFD \ TXH VROR
LEDDOWHUUHQRSDUDODpSRFDGHUHFROHFFLyQ\SURFHVDPLHQWR$GHPiVTXHpO
QXQFDSHUPDQHFLyDOOtSRUPiVGHXQPHV
$JUHJDTXHDILQDOHVGHODxRVHUHDOL]yXQDQHJRFLDFLyQYHUEDOVREUHHO
SUHGLRHQFXHVWLyQHQWUHHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODHQVXFDOLGDG
GHYHQGHGRUTXLHQHVWDEDDFRPSDxDGRGHVXDPDQWHODVHxRUD$GULDQD\
HO VHxRU 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] FRPR FRPSUDGRU 'LFKR DFWR IXH SUHVHQFLDGR
SRU5RVHQGR&LSULDQR\ODVHxRUD$GULDQD/XHJRGHODQHJRFLDFLyQHOVHxRU
3HGUR /HyQ MXQWR D VX HVSRVD (VSHUDQ]D &DUGR]R GH 2VRULR FRPHQ]DURQ D
FXOWLYDUHOSUHGLRFRQSDVWRPDt]\XFDSOiWDQRFDFDR\iUEROHVIUXWDOHV
5HILHUHTXHHOVHxRU9LJR\D0DQWLOODOH GHEtDXQGLQHURDOD JXHUULOODSRUOR
WDQWR VH OH RUGHQy D 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] TXH SURFHGLHUD D FDQFHODU GLFKR
FDSLWDODOJUXSRLQVXUJHQWH
3DUDHODxRHOVHxRU9LJR\D0DQWLOODGHVDSDUHFLyHQHO9LFKDGD\FRPR
3HGUR/HyQGHEtDXQVDOGRSURGXFWRGHODYHQWDGHOSUHGLRVHFRPXQLFyFRQ
10
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
ODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ\OHJLUyRRSDUDORGHOSDVDMHFRQ
HOILQTXHVHSXGLHUDQUHXQLU\DFRUGDUGLFKRSDJR
8QDYH]UHXQLGRV\HQSUHVHQFLDGH*LOEHUWR6RWR5RVHQGR&LSULDQR$UWXUR
2ODUWH \ )UDQFLVFR 5RMDV VH UDWLILFy OD YHQWD SRU SDUWH GH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D
$QJDULWD*LUyQ$OOtODVHxRUD6RUD\DPDQLIHVWyTXHHOODYLYtDHQ9LOODYLFHQFLR
TXH QR VDEtD QDGD GH OD ILQFD QL GH ORV FXOWLYRV \ TXH FRQILUPDED OD YHQWD
UHDOL]DGD SRU VX HVSRVR (VWR VXFHGLy OXHJR GH TXH 3XHUWR 0RVFR R 3XHUWR
7ULXQIRVHTXHPDURQQRSRUDFFLyQFULPLQDOVLQRSRUHOLQFHQGLRRFDVLRQDGR
SRUODDFXPXODFLyQGHJDVROLQDHQHOVHFWRU+HFKRTXHRULJLQyODSpUGLGDGH
XQQHJRFLRGHFRPLGDVTXHWHQtDHORSRVLWRU\VXHVSRVDHQ3XHUWR7ULXQIR
$GYLHUWHQTXHFRQRFDVLyQGHODUDWLILFDFLyQGHOQHJRFLRHOVHxRU3HGUR/HyQ
OH UHDOL]y DOJXQRV DERQRV D OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D ,JXDOPHQWH DVHJXUD TXH HOOD
YLYtDHQ9LOODYLFHQFLRUD]yQSRUODFXDOFRQVLGHUDQTXHQRIXHGHVSOD]DGDQL
REOLJDGD D DEDQGRQDU HO SUHGLR VLQR TXHHOPLVPR SDVy D PDQRV GHO VHxRU
3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]SURGXFWRGHODYHQWDDTXHVHKL]RPHQFLyQ
&RPRPHGLRVGHRSRVLFLyQVHSURSXVLHURQ
³%8(1$)((;(17$'(&8/3$´
0DQLILHVWDQ TXH ³PHGLDQWH QHJRFLDFLyQ SUHYLD FRQ HO GHVDSDUHFLGR -26( $*867,1
9,*2<$0$17,//$\HQHVSHFLDOSRUFRPSUDYHQWDFRQ3('52/(21*20(=VHDGTXLULyHO
SUHGLR'(%8(1$)((;(172 '(&8/3$SXHVHOYHQGHGRUQLVXFRPSDxHUDRFXSDURQHO
SUHGLREDOGtROODPDGR/D3UHFLRVD\DKRUD³5$1&+2*5$1'(´QLVLTXLHUDSRUXQWpUPLQRGH
VHLV PHVHV \ HVD RFXSDFLyQ HUD SDUD OD FRVHFKD GH OD KRMD GH FRFD (VWR OR KDFtD HO VHxRU
9,*2<$0$17,//$HQFRPSDxtDGHVXHVSRVDDOJXQDVYHFHV\HQRWUDVHQFRPSDxtDGHVX
DPDQWH$GULDQD«3HGUR/HyQ*yPH]GHEXHQDIHFUH\HQGRHQODSDODEUD\HODFFLRQDU
HQ QHJRFLDFLRQHV GH OD YLXGD GH 9,*2<$ 0$17,//$ OH HQYLy HO GLQHUR SDUD LGD \ UHJUHVR
FRQHOILQGHQHJRFLDUHOSUHGLR´
³)$/7$'(&$/,'$''('(632-$'$´
$ILUPD TXH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD 9LJR\D QR IXH QL RFXSDQWH QL
GHVSOD]DGD SRU FXDQWR GHVGH WLHPSR SUHWpULWR YLYtD HQ OD FLXGDG GH
9LOODYLFHQFLR \ TXH VX GHVDSDUHFLGR HVSRVR VROR LED HVSRUiGLFDPHQWH D /D
3UHFLRVD$GHPiVQR DSDUHFHGHELGDPHQWH SUREDGRHQHO SOHQDULROD8QLyQ
0DULWDOGHKHFKRGHFRQIRUPLGDGFRQOD/H\GH
11
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
&XPSOLGRHOWUiPLWHGHULJRUDQWHHO-XH]GHFRQRFLPLHQWRVHUHPLWLyHO
H[SHGLHQWH D HVWD &RUSRUDFLyQ HQ GRQGH VH DYRFy HO FRQRFLPLHQWR \ VH
GHFUHWDURQRWUDVSUXHEDVGHRILFLR
&RQFHSWRGHOD3URFXUDGXUtD*HQHUDOGHOD1DFLyQ±3URFXUDGXUtD
-XGLFLDO,,HQ5HVWLWXFLyQGH7LHUUDV%RJRWi
0DQLILHVWD HO 0LQLVWHULR 3~EOLFR TXH DSDUHFH DFUHGLWDGR GHQWUR GHO SOHQDULR
TXH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ \ VX Q~FOHR IDPLOLDU VRQ YtFWLPDV GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR\DEDQGRQRIRU]DGR4XHSRUORWDQWR³VHGpDWHQFLyQSULRULWDULDD
ODV PXMHUHV YtFWLPDV GH DEDQGRQR IRU]DGR GH WLHUUDV « GLVSRQLHQGR SDUD HOOR VLWLRV
HVSHFLDOHV GH DWHQFLyQ HQ WHPDV GH JpQHUR \ OD WUDPLWDFLyQ GH VROLFLWXGHV FRQ SUHODFLyQ D
RWUDV VROLFLWXGHV DO LJXDO TXH ORV LQWHJUDQWHV GH VX Q~FOHR IDPLOLDU UHFRQRFLGRV FRPR
SREODFLyQ GH HVSHFLDO SURWHFFLyQ OD QR UHSHWLFLyQ FRPR FRPSRQHQWH GH OD UHSDUDFLyQ OD
DGRSFLyQ GH PHGLGDV WHQGLHQWHV D OD QR GLVFULPLQDFLyQ \ H[FOXVLyQ TXH SHUPLWLHURQ OD
FRPLVLyQ GH FLHUWRV FUtPHQHV HQ VX FRQWUD SDUWLFXODUPHQWH HO DEDQGRQR GH VXV WLHUUDV \R
SDWULPRQLR \ GH HVWD IRUPD UHLYLQGLFDU GH DOJXQD PDQHUD HO GHUHFKR D OD SURSLHGDG D OD
WLHUUD D OD UHLQWHJUDFLyQ HFRQyPLFD SRU SDUWH GH OD PXMHU HQ OD DFWLYLGDG DJUtFROD \ OD
HFRQRPtDFDPSHVLQD´
7DPELpQPDQLIHVWy³,JXDOPHQWHFRQVLGHUDPRVTXHORVRSRVLWRUHV3('52/(21*Ï0($
< (63(5$1=$ &$5'2=2 DFWXDURQ GH EXHQD IH HQ OD FRPSUD GHO SUHGLR REMHWR GH
UHVWLWXFLyQ WHQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD TXH QR IXHURQ SDUWtFLSHV GLUHFWRV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR
RFDVLRQDGRDODVHxRUD625$<$$1*$5,7$*,521\DVXQ~FOHRIDPLOLDUHQHODxR6LQ
HPEDUJRFRPRVHDQDOL]yHQSiUUDIRVDQWHULRUHVHQHVWHWLSRGHSURFHVRVVHH[LJHGHVSOHJDU
XQD DFWLYLGDG SUREDWRULD ULJXURVD FRQ HO ILQ GH SUREDU OD EXHQD IH FXDOLILFDGD R H[HQWD GH
FXOSD \ TXH QR Gp OXJDU D QLQJXQD GXGD SRU SDUWH GHO IDOODGRU UHVSHFWR D VX DFFLRQDU
FLUFXQVWDQFLDTXHQRDFDHFLyGHQWURGHOSURFHVR´
&216,'(5$&,21(6
$QiOLVLVGHOHJDOLGDGGHOWUiPLWHGHLQVWDQFLD
/RV SUHVXSXHVWRV SURFHVDOHV FRQFXUUHQ HQ HO SUHVHQWH DVXQWR OD UHODFLyQ
MXUtGLFD SURFHVDO VH HQFXHQWUD GHELGDPHQWH IRUPDGD \ pVWD 6DOD HV
FRPSHWHQWHSDUDFRQRFHUGHOOLWLJLR'HLJXDOPRGRQRVHHYLGHQFLDFDXVDOGH
QXOLGDGTXHSXHGDLQYDOLGDUORDFWXDGR
12
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3UREOHPDMXUtGLFRSODQWHDGR
'HEH GHFLGLU OD 6DOD VL UHVSHFWR GH OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D $QJDULWD *LUyQ \ VX
JUXSR IDPLOLDU SXHGH SUHGLFDUVH HQ WpUPLQRV GH OD /H\ GH HO
GHVSRMR GHO ELHQ LQPXHEOH UXUDO GHQRPLQDGR ³/D 3UHFLRVD´ KR\ ³5DQFKR
*UDQGH´ XELFDGR HQ OD YHUHGD $OWR GH 7LOODYi 0XQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ
'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD \ FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GHEH UHFRQRFpUVHOHV HO
GHUHFKR IXQGDPHQWDO D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ MXUtGLFD \ PDWHULDO GHO SUHGLR
PHQFLRQDGR
,JXDOPHQWH GHEHUi GHILQLU OD 6DOD VL GDGR TXH HO ELHQ UHVSHFWR GHO FXDO VH
SUHWHQGH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ HV EDOGtR VH GDQ ORV SUHVXSXHVWRV SDUD RUGHQDU DO
,QFRGHUODUHVSHFWLYDDGMXGLFDFLyQ
7DPELpQ GHEHUi HVWD &RUSRUDFLyQ HVWDEOHFHU VL ORV RSRVLWRUHV VHxRU 3HGUR
/HyQ*yPH]\ODVHxRUD(VSHUDQ]D&DUGR]RGH2VRULRDFWXDURQGHEXHQDIH
H[HQWDGHFXOSDHQODDGTXLVLFLyQGHOLQPXHEOHREMHWRGHODSUHVHQWHVROLFLWXG
\WLHQHQSRUWDQWRGHUHFKRDDOJ~QWLSRGHFRPSHQVDFLyQ
/D UHVWLWXFLyQ GH WLHUUDV FRPR PHGLGD GH UHSDUDFLyQ D ODV
YtFWLPDV GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR LQWHUQR HQ HO PDUFR GHO 'HUHFKR
,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH ORV 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV \ GHO 'HUHFKR
,QWHUQDFLRQDO+XPDQLWDULR
(O 'HUHFKR D QR VHU GHVSOD]DGR VX VXUJLPLHQWR HQ HO
GHUHFKRLQWHUQDFLRQDO
(O 'HUHFKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO +XPDQLWDULR ',+ \ HO 'HUHFKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH
ORV'HUHFKRV+XPDQRV','+DOFDQ]DURQVXPi[LPRDXJHFRQODFUHDFLyQ
(O'HUHFKR,QWHUQDFLRQDO+XPDQLWDULRR LXVLQEHOORHVGHILQLGRFRPRHO³FRQMXQWR
GHQRUPDVGHRULJHQFRQYHQFLRQDORFRQVXHWXGLQDULRFX\DILQDOLGDGHVSHFtILFDHVVROXFLRQDU
ORVSUREOHPDVGHtQGROHKXPDQLWDULDGLUHFWDPHQWHGHULYDGRVGHORVFRQIOLFWRVDUPDGRV\TXH
SRUUD]RQHVKXPDQLWDULDVUHVWULQJHODXWLOL]DFLyQGHFLHUWRVPpWRGRVRPHGLRVGHFRPEDWH´
(1 6$/021 (OL]DEHWK ,QWURGXFFLyQ DO 'HUHFKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO +XPDQLWDULR
8QLYHUVLGDG &DWyOLFD GHO 3HUX \ &,&5 /LPD 9LVWR HQ
KWWSZZZFRUWHLGKRUFU
(O 'HUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO GH ORV 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV SRU VX SDUWH QR HVWDEOHFH
QRUPDVTXHHVWDEOH]FDQPpWRGRVRPHGLRVGHOFRPEDWHSRUORTXHORVFRQIOLFWRV\
VXV FRQVHFXHQFLDV HVFDSD D VX LQIOXMR (O REMHWLYR SULPRUGLDO GH ORV GHUHFKRV
KXPDQRV HVWi GLUHFWDPHQWH UHODFLRQDGR FRQ HO JRFH GH ODV OLEHUWDGHV \ JDUDQWtDV
13
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GH OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ GH ODV 1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV HQ FX\R VHQR VH GLVFXWLHURQ \
HVWDEOHFLHURQ SROtWLFDV HQFDPLQDGDV D GRWDU D ODV 1DFLRQHV GH KHUUDPLHQWDV
MXUtGLFDV TXH VLUYLHUDQ GH EDVH SDUD FRQWUDUUHVWDU ODV DWURFLGDGHV JHQHUDGDV
SRUORVGRVFRQIOLFWRVEpOLFRVPXQGLDOHVGHVDUUROODGRVHQODSULPHUDPLWDGGHO
VLJOR;;
(QVHVXVFULELyOD'HFODUDFLyQ8QLYHUVDOGHORV'HUHFKRV+XPDQRVTXH
LQFRUSRUD ORV GHUHFKRV FLYLOHV SROtWLFRV HFRQyPLFRV VRFLDOHV \ FXOWXUDOHV
EiVLFRV GH ORV TXH GHEHQ JR]DU WRGRV ORV VHUHV KXPDQRV GRFXPHQWR TXH
FRQMXQWDPHQWHFRQHO3DFWR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH'HUHFKRV&LYLOHV\3ROtWLFRVVXV
GRVSURWRFRORVIDFXOWDWLYRV\HO3DFWR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH'HUHFKRV(FRQyPLFRV
6RFLDOHV\&XOWXUDOHVFRQVWLWX\HQODGHQRPLQDGD ³&DUWD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH'HUHFKRV
+XPDQRV´
(O GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR SRU UD]RQHV SROtWLFDV HFRQyPLFDV R GH YLROHQFLD
HV SHU VH YXOQHUDWRULR GH ORV GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV \ GHO ',+ KDELGD FXHQWD
TXH WUDH FRQVLJR DWDTXHV LQGLVFULPLQDGRV FRQWUD OD SREODFLyQ D WUDYpV GH
PHFDQLVPRV FRPR ODV PDVDFUHV ORV DVHVLQDWRV VHOHFWLYRV OD WRUWXUD \ ODV
DPHQD]DV DFWRV TXH SURYRFDQ WHQVLyQ \ PLHGR JHQHUDOL]DGR HQWUH OD
SREODFLyQFLYLO ³/DSREODFLyQKX\HSRUTXHVHYHREOLJDGDSRUORVFRQWHQGLHQWHVTXHOHV
DPHQD]DQRVRPHWHQDH[WRUVLRQHVUHFOXWDPLHQWRIRU]DGRUHSUHVDOLDVXRWUDVYXOQHUDFLRQHV
2KX\HWDPELpQGHODVFRQVHFXHQFLDVGHORVFRPEDWHVSRUTXHORVFRPEDWLHQWHVQRUHVSHWDQ
DORVFLYLOHVVLQRTXHDWDFDQ\GHVWUX\HQFDVDVHLQIUDHVWUXFWXUDVGHIRUPDLQGLVFULPLQDGD
(VHYLGHQWHTXHDOJXQDVSHUVRQDVVHPDUFKDQLQFOXVRFXDQGRQRVHSURGXFHQYXOQHUDFLRQHV
QLDPHQD]DVFRQFUHWDV\DTXHODPD\RUSDUWHGHORVGHVSOD]DPLHQWRVWLHQHFRPRRULJHQHO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWRLOHJDOGHORVEHOLJHUDQWHV´ (Q HOVHQR GHODV 1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV VH UHYLVDURQ \ DFWXDOL]DURQ HQ ORV
FXDWUR WUDWDGRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV DGRSWDGRV HQ *LQHEUD ±SLHGUD DQJXODU GHO
GHUHFKRLQWHUQDFLRQDOPRGHUQRTXHLQFOX\HQQRUPDVHVSHFtILFDVSDUDSURWHJHU
D ORV FRPEDWLHQWHV KHULGRV HQIHUPRV R QiXIUDJRV SULVLRQHURV GH JXHUUD
FLYLOHV SHUVRQDO PpGLFR \ SHUVRQDO GH DSR\R FLYLO HQ FDVRV GH RFXSDFLyQ
SDUFLDO R WRWDO GH XQ SDtV SRU VROGDGRV GH RWUR SDtV WRGR FRQ EDVH HQ ORV
LQGLYLGXDOHV GHO VHU KXPDQR \ FRQ VX ELHQHVWDU \ SURWHFFLyQ HQ JHQHUDO(Q
KWWSZZZLFUFRUJVSD
9HUVREUHHOSDUWLFXODU2ILFLQDGHO$OWR&RPLVLRQDGRSDUDORV'HUHFKRVKXPDQRVGH
ODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDVKWWSZZZRKFKURUJ
'52(*( &yUGXOD3URJUHVR HQ OD SURWHFFLyQ MXUtGLFD GHORV GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV
'LH]DxRVGHORVSULQFLSLRVUHFWRUHVGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRLQWHUQR5HYLVWD0LJUDFLRQHV
)RU]DGDV 8QLYHUVLGDG GH 2[IRUG &HQWUR GH (VWXGLRV VREUH 5HIXJLDGRV 'LFLHPEUH
14
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
SULQFLSLRV GH KXPDQLGDG LPSDUFLDOLGDG \ QHXWUDOLGDG (Q HO DUWtFXOR GHO
&RQYHQLR ,9 VH VHxDODED TXH ORV WUDVODGRV IRU]RVRV HQ PDVD R LQGLYLGXDOHV
³DVtFRPRODVGHSRUWDFLRQHVGHSHUVRQDVSURWHJLGDVGHOWHUULWRULRRFXSDGRDOWHUULWRULRGHOD
3RWHQFLDRFXSDQWHRDOGHFXDOTXLHURWURSDtVRFXSDGRRQRHVWiQSURKLELGRVVHDFXDOIXHUH
HOPRWLYR´
'HLJXDOIRUPDHOLQVWUXPHQWRLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHWHUPLQyTXH³/DVHYDFXDFLRQHVQR
SRGUiQ LPSOLFDU HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR GH SHUVRQDV SURWHJLGDV PiV TXH HQ HO LQWHULRU GHO
WHUULWRULR RFXSDGR H[FHSWR HQ FDVRV GH LPSRVLELOLGDG PDWHULDO /D SREODFLyQ DVt HYDFXDGD
VHUiGHYXHOWDDVXVKRJDUHVWDQSURQWRFRPRKD\DQFHVDGRODVKRVWLOLGDGHVHQHVHVHFWRU/D
3RWHQFLDRFXSDQWHGHEHUiDFWXDUDOHIHFWXDUWDOHVWUDVODGRVRHYDFXDFLRQHVGHPRGRTXH
HQ OD PHGLGD GH OR SRVLEOH ODV SHUVRQDV SURWHJLGDV VHDQ DFRJLGDV HQ LQVWDODFLRQHV
DGHFXDGDV TXH ORV GHVSOD]DPLHQWRV VH OOHYHQ D FDER HQ VDWLVIDFWRULDV FRQGLFLRQHV GH
VDOXEULGDGGHKLJLHQHGHVHJXULGDG\GHDOLPHQWDFLyQ\TXHQRVHVHSDUHXQRVGHRWURVD
ORVPLHPEURVGHXQDPLVPDIDPLOLD´
3RUVXSDUWHHODUWtFXORFRP~QDORVFXDWURFRQYHQLRVGH*LQHEUDHVWDEOHFLy
GHPDQHUDSUHFLVDTXHHQFDVRGHFRQIOLFWRVQRLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVVXUJLGRVHQ
HOVHQRGHORVSDtVHVFRQWUDWDQWHVODVSDUWHVGHEHUiQDSOLFDUFRPRPtQLPR
³D/DVSHUVRQDVTXHQRSDUWLFLSHQGLUHFWDPHQWHHQODVKRVWLOLGDGHVLQFOXLGRVORVPLHPEURV
GH ODV IXHU]DV DUPDGDV TXH KD\DQ GHSXHVWR ODV DUPDV \ ODV SHUVRQDV SXHVWDV IXHUD GH
FRPEDWHSRUHQIHUPHGDGKHULGDGHWHQFLyQRSRUFXDOTXLHURWUDFDXVDVHUiQHQWRGDVODV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDV WUDWDGDV FRQ KXPDQLGDG VLQ GLVWLQFLyQ DOJXQD GH tQGROH
GHVIDYRUDEOH EDVDGD HQ OD UD]D HO FRORU OD UHOLJLyQ R OD FUHHQFLD HO VH[R HO
QDFLPLHQWR R OD IRUWXQD R FXDOTXLHU RWUR FULWHULR DQiORJR $ HVWH UHVSHFWR VH
SURKtEHQHQFXDOTXLHUWLHPSR\OXJDUSRUORTXHDWDxHDODVSHUVRQDVDUULEDPHQFLRQDGDV
DORVDWHQWDGRVFRQWUDODYLGD\ODLQWHJULGDGFRUSRUDOHVSHFLDOPHQWHHOKRPLFLGLRHQWRGDV
VXV IRUPDV ODV PXWLODFLRQHV ORV WUDWRV FUXHOHV OD WRUWXUD \ ORV VXSOLFLRV E OD WRPD GH
UHKHQHVFORVDWHQWDGRVFRQWUDODGLJQLGDGSHUVRQDOHVSHFLDOPHQWHORVWUDWRVKXPLOODQWHV\
GHJUDGDQWHV G ODV FRQGHQDV GLFWDGDV \ ODV HMHFXFLRQHV VLQ SUHYLR MXLFLR DQWH XQ WULEXQDO
OHJtWLPDPHQWH FRQVWLWXLGR FRQ JDUDQWtDV MXGLFLDOHV UHFRQRFLGDV FRPR LQGLVSHQVDEOHV SRU ORV
SXHEORVFLYLOL]DGRV/RVKHULGRV\ORVHQIHUPRVVHUiQUHFRJLGRV\DVLVWLGRV8QRUJDQLVPR
KXPDQLWDULR LPSDUFLDO WDO FRPR HO &RPLWp ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH OD &UX] 5RMD SRGUi RIUHFHU VXV
VHUYLFLRVDODV3DUWHVHQFRQIOLFWR$GHPiVODV3DUWHVHQFRQIOLFWRKDUiQORSRVLEOHSRUSRQHU
HQ YLJRU PHGLDQWH DFXHUGRV HVSHFLDOHV OD WRWDOLGDG R SDUWH GH ODV RWUDV GLVSRVLFLRQHV GHO
SUHVHQWH&RQYHQLR´
/DV GLVSRVLFLRQHV DVt FRQWHPSODGDV EXVFDEDQ FRQWUDUUHVWDU HO WHPD GH ORV
UHIXJLDGRVGHXQDIURQWHUDDRWUDVLQHPEDUJRIXHVyORDQWHODDJXGL]DFLyQ
GH ORV HVFHQDULR GHYLROHQFLD DO LQWHULRU GH ORV (VWDGRV TXH VHHYLGHQFLy GH
PDQHUDSDOPDULDHOIHQyPHQRGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRGHODSREODFLyQGHQWURGH
,EtGHP
15
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
XQPLVPRWHUULWRULRGHVWDFiQGRVH ORV FDVRV GH 6XGiQ 8JDQGD HVSHFtILFDPHQWH HQ HO
1RUWH &RORPELD &RVWD GH 0DUILO %LUPDQLD \ 6RPDOLD OR TXH FRQOOHYy D TXH OD
FRPXQLGDGLQWHUQDFLRQDOYLHUDODQHFHVLGDGGHFRQWDUFRQXQLQVWUXPHQWRTXH
UHJXODUDGHPDQHUDHVSHFLDOWDOVLWXDFLyQGHYXOQHUDFLyQGHGHUHFKRVKDELGD
FXHQWDTXHOD~QLFDQRUPDTXHVHUYtDGHUHIHUHQWHHUDHODUWtFXORFRP~QD
ORV FXDWUR FRQYHQLRV GH JLQHEUD \ OD &RQYHQFLyQ VREUH ORV HVWDWXWRV GH ORV
UHIXJLDGRVTXHQRHUDGHDSOLFDFLyQGLUHFWDDOLQWHULRUGHORVSDtVHV
(Q HVWH FRQWH[WR VXUJLy HO ,, SURWRFROR DGLFLRQDO D ORV &RQYHQLRV GH
*LQHEUD TXH FRQWHPSOy OD SURKLELFLyQ DO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR
HVWDEOHFLHQGR H[SUHVDPHQWH TXH ³ 1R VH SRGUi RUGHQDU HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR GH OD
SREODFLyQ FLYLO SRU UD]RQHV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ HO FRQIOLFWR D QR VHU TXH DVt OR H[LMDQ OD
VHJXULGDGGHODVSHUVRQDVFLYLOHVRUD]RQHVPLOLWDUHVLPSHULRVDV6LWDOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRWXYLHUD
TXH HIHFWXDUVH VH WRPDUiQ WRGDV ODV PHGLGDV SRVLEOHV SDUD TXH OD SREODFLyQ FLYLO VHD
DFRJLGD HQ FRQGLFLRQHV VDWLVIDFWRULDV GH DORMDPLHQWR VDOXEULGDG KLJLHQH VHJXULGDG \
DOLPHQWDFLyQ1RVHSRGUiIRU]DUDODVSHUVRQDVFLYLOHVDDEDQGRQDUVXSURSLRWHUULWRULRSRU
UD]RQHVUHODFLRQDGDVFRQHOFRQIOLFWR´
3RVWHULRUPHQWH HQ HO DxR DQWH OD JUDYH FULVLV GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR
RFXUULGR HQ OD DQWLJXD <XJRVODYLD OD $OWD &RPLVLRQDGD SDUD ODV 1DFLRQHV
8QLGDVSDUDORV5HIXJLDGRV6DGDNR2JDWDKDEOySRUSULPHUDYH]GHOGHUHFKR
D³TXHGDUVH´$VtPLVPROD&RPLVLyQGH'HUHFKRV+XPDQRVGHODVQDFLRQHV
XQLGDVUHWRPyHOWHPDGHOGHUHFKRGHODVSHUVRQDVDSHUPDQHFHUHQSD]HQ
VXV KRJDUHV \ OXJDUHV GH RULJHQ \ HQ HVWH FRQWH[WR VH VXJLULy SRU HVWH
PLVPR RUJDQLVPR HO GHUHFKR D QR VHU GHVSOD]DGR GHILQLpQGROR HQ VX
DFHSFLyQQHJDWLYD\GHSURKLELFLyQ ³QDGLHGHEHUiVHUIRU]DGRDDEDQGRQDUVXKRJDU
GHMXOLRGH
)LUPDGRHOGHMXQLRGH
025(/0LFKpOH67$952328/280DUtD\'85,(8;-HDQ)UDQFRLV/DKLVWRULD\
HO HVWDWXV GHO GHUHFKR D QR VHU GHVSOD]DGR (1 0,*5$&,21(6 )25=$'$6
3XEOLFDFLyQ&HQWURGH(VWXGLRVVREUH5HIXJLDGRV(GLFLyQHQHVSDxROSXEOLFDGDSRU
HO ,QVWLWXWR GH (VWXGLRV ,QWHUpWQLFRV 8QLYHUVLGDG GH 6DQ &DUORV GH *XDWHPDOD
1RYLHPEUH
'H DFXHUGR FRQ FLIUDV GHO &RQVHMR 1RUXHJR SDUD ORV 5HIXJLDGRV 15& SDUD HO
DxR OD FLIUD GH GHVSOD]DGRV HQ HO PXQGR DOFDQ]y OD FLIUD GH PLOORQHV
KWWSZZZQUFRUJFR
3DtV
&RORPELD
5HS~EOLFDGHPRFUiWLFDGHO&RQJR
6XGDQ
,UDN
6RPDOLD
1~PHURGHGHVSOD]DGRVLQWHUQRV
16
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
QLDVHUWUDVODGDGRIRU]RVDPHQWHRH[SXOVDGRGHVXSDtVGHRULJHQRGHVX]RQDGHUHVLGHQFLD
KDELWXDODPHQRVTXHVHKDOOHEDMRODVFRQGLFLRQHVSUHYLVWDVSRUXQDOH\RVyORSRUUD]RQHV
FRQYLQFHQWHVGHVHJXULGDGQDFLRQDORQHFHVLGDGHVHVSHFtILFDVRSUREDGDVGHVXELHQHVWDUHQ
XQ HVWDGR GH HPHUJHQFLD HQ FDVRV GH GHVDVWUH QDWXUDO R FDXVDGR SRU HO KRPEUH (Q HVWRV
FDVRV GHEHUiQ WRPDUVH WRGDV ODV PHGLGDV SRVLEOHV SDUD JDUDQWL]DU OD PDUFKD VHJXUD \ HO
UHDVHQWDPLHQWRGHODJHQWHHQRWURVOXJDUHV´
6XEVLJXLHQWHPHQWH HO 5HSUHVHQWDQWH GHO 6HFUHWDULR *HQHUDO SDUD HO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR LQWHUQR GH ODV 1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV )UDQFLV 0 'HQJ HVWDEOHFLy
XQD VHULH GH QRUPDV FX\D ILQDOLGDG HUD FRQWUDUUHVWDU HO SUREOHPD GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWRDOLQWHULRUGHORV(VWDGRVDVtFRPRLGHQWLILFDUORVGHUHFKRVGH
OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD \ GDUOHV HO HVWDWXV GH SHUVRQDV SURWHJLGDV (VWRV
SULQFLSLRV EDXWL]DGRV HQ XQ SULPHU PRPHQWR FRPR ³3ULQFLSLRV 5HODWLYRV D OD
SURWHFFLyQ FRQWUD ORV GHVSOD]DGRV´ FRQRFLGRV SRVWHULRUPHQWH FRPR ³3ULQFLSLRV
5HFWRUHV GHO 'HVSOD]DPLHQWR ,QWHUQR 35',´ R ³3ULQFLSLRV 'HQJ´
FRQVDJUDURQ HO GHEHU GH ORV (VWDGRV GH UHVSHWDU HO GHUHFKR D QR VHU
GHVSOD]DGR OR TXH FRQOOHYDED LJXDOPHQWH HO GHEHU GH HYLWDU ORV
GHVSOD]DPLHQWRVDUELWUDULRV\VDOYDJXDUGDUDODSREODFLyQGHODVDPHQD]DVGH
DFWRUHVQRHVWDWDOHV
6HJ~Q ORV 3ULQFLSLRV 'HQJ ODV YtFWLPDV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR LQWHUQR VRQ ³ODV
SHUVRQDVRJUXSRVGHSHUVRQDVTXHVHKDQYLVWRIRU]DGDVXREOLJDGDVDHVFDSDURKXLUGHVX
KRJDURGHVXVKRJDUHVGHUHVLGHQFLDKDELWXDOHQSDUWLFXODUFRPRUHVXOWDGRRSDUDHYLWDUORV
HIHFWRV GH XQ FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR GH VLWXDFLRQHV GH YLROHQFLD JHQHUDOL]DGD GH YLRODFLRQHV GH
ORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRVRGHFDWiVWURIHVQDWXUDOHVRSURYRFDGDVSRUHOVHUKXPDQR\TXHD~Q
QRKDQFUX]DGRXQDIURQWHUDHVWDWDOLQWHUQDFLRQDOUHFRQRFLGD´ (VWRV SULQFLSLRV VLUYHQ GH RULHQWDFLyQ D ORV HVWDGRV DIHFWDGRV SRU HO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR LQWHUQR D ODV DXWRULGDGHV JUXSRV \ SHUVRQDV UHODFLRQDGDV
FRQ HVWH IHQyPHQR \ D ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV LQWHUJXEHUQDPHQWDOHV \ QR
JXEHUQDPHQWDOHVHQVXTXHKDFHUFRQODVSREODFLRQHVGHVSOD]DGDV\VLQELHQ
67$952328/28 0DUtD (O GHUHFKR D QR VHU GHVSOD]DGR $PHULFDQ 8QLYHUVLW\
-RXUQDO RI ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ODZ DQG SROLF\ (1 025(/ 0LFKpOH
67$952328/28 0DUtD \ '85,(8; -HDQ )UDQFRLV /D KLVWRULD \ HO HVWDWXV GHO
GHUHFKRDQRVHUGHVSOD]DGR(10,*5$&,21(6)25=$'$63XEOLFDFLyQ&HQWURGH
(VWXGLRVVREUH5HIXJLDGRV(GLFLyQHQHVSDxROSXEOLFDGDSRUHO,QVWLWXWRGH(VWXGLRV
,QWHUpWQLFRV8QLYHUVLGDGGH6DQ&DUORVGH*XDWHPDOD1RYLHPEUH
025(/0LFKpOH67$952328/280DUtD\'85,(8;-HDQ)UDQFRLV2EUDFLWDGD
3ULQFLSLRV5HFWRUHVGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVLQWHUQRV±35',,QWURGXFFLyQ
17
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
QR FRQVWLWX\H SRU Vt PLVPRV XQ PHFDQLVPR YLQFXODQWH KDQ VLGR HO
IXQGDPHQWRSDUDUHJXODUODVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
/RV 35', SURSXJQDQ SRU HO GLVIUXWH GH OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD HQ
FRQGLFLRQHVGHLJXDOGDGGHORVPLVPRVGHUHFKRV\OLEHUWDGHVTXHHOGHUHFKR
LQWHUQDFLRQDO \ HO GHUHFKR LQWHUQR UHFRQRFHQ D ORV GHPiV KDELWDQWHV GHO
SDtV
(O LQVWUXPHQWR LQWHUQDFLRQDO HQ FLWD FRQWHPSOD HQ HO SULQFLSLR OD
SURWHFFLyQGHOGHUHFKRDODSURSLHGDG\GH PDQHUDFRQFUHWDVHxDODTXH ³ODV
SURSLHGDGHV\ODVSRVHVLRQHVTXHKD\DQDEDQGRQDGRORVGHVSOD]DGRVLQWHUQRVVHUiQREMHWR
GHSURWHFFLyQ FRQWUDODGHVWUXFFLyQ\ODDSURSLDFLyQ RFXSDFLyQ RXVRDUELWUDULRVHLOHJDOHV´
GH PDQHUD HVSHFLDO HVWDEOHFH ORV SULQFLSLRV UHODWLYRV DO UHJUHVR
UHDVHQWDPLHQWR\ODUHLQWHJUDFLyQGHODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGD
(ODUWtFXORGHORV35',GHWHUPLQDTXH ³ODVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVWLHQHOD
REOLJDFLyQ \ UHVSRQVDELOLGDG SULPDULD GH HVWDEOHFHU ODV FRQGLFLRQHV \
SURSRUFLRQDUORVPHGLRVTXHSHUPLWDQHOUHJUHVRYROXQWDULRVHJXUR\GLJQRGHORV
GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV D VX KRJDU R VX OXJDU GH UHVLGHQFLD KDELWXDO R VX
UHDVHQWDPLHQWR YROXQWDULR HQ RWUD SDUWH GHO SDtV (VDV DXWRULGDGHV WUDWDUiQ GH IDFLOLWDU OD
UHLQWHJUDFLyQ GH ORV GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV TXH KDQ UHJUHVDGR R VH KDQ UHDVHQWDGR HQ RWUD
SDUWH6HKDUiQHVIXHU]RVHVSHFLDOHVSDUDDVHJXUDUODSOHQDSDUWLFLSDFLyQGHORVGHVSOD]DGRV
LQWHUQRVHQODSODQLILFDFLyQ\JHVWLyQGHVXUHJUHVRRGHVXUHDVHQWDPLHQWR\UHLQWHJUDFLyQ´
$VtPLVPRLQGLFDODQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOTXHODVYtFWLPDVGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
LQWHUQR QR VHUiQ REMHWR GH GLVFULPLQDFLyQ EDVDGD HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ \ SRU
WDQWRWLHQHQGHUHFKRDSDUWLFLSDUHQORVDVXQWRVS~EOLFRVDWRGRVORVQLYHOHV
\ DO DFFHVR HIHFWLYR GH ORV VHUYLFLRV S~EOLFRV 'H LJXDO PDQHUD ODV
DXWRULGDGHV WLHQHQ OD REOLJDFLyQ GH SUHVWDU OD DVLVWHQFLD GHELGD SDUD OD
UHFXSHUDFLyQGHODVSURSLHGDGHVRSRVHVLRQHVTXHDEDQGRQDURQRGHODVTXH
IXHURQGHVSRVHtGRVFXDQGRVHGHVSOD]DURQ\HQFDVRGHQRVHUpVWDSRVLEOH
VH SURSHQGHUi SRU RWRUJDU XQD LQGHPQL]DFLyQ DGHFXDGD X RWUD IRUPD GH
UHSDUDFLyQMXVWD
3DUD 025(/ 0LFKpOH 67$952328/28 0DUtD \ '85,(8; -HDQ )UDQFRLV (Q OD
SXEOLFDFLyQ UHIHULGD ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV VRQ VyOR LQGLFDGRUHV \ FRPSOHPHQWDULRV
SHURVXIXHU]DYLQFXODQWHVHHQFXHQWUDVXSHGLWDGDDODDFHSWDFLyQHLPSOHPHQWDFLyQ
SRUSDUWHGHORV(VWDGRVTXHFRQWUDUUHVWDQHOIODJHOR
35',$UW
35',$UW1R
35',$UW
18
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
&RQ SRVWHULRULGDG D OD DSDULFLyQ HQ HO PDUFR MXUtGLFR LQWHUQDFLRQDO GH ORV
UHIHUHQFLDGRV3ULQFLSLRV'HQJ35',ODFRPXQLGDGPXQGLDO\HVSHFLDOPHQWH
HO&RQVHMRGH6HJXULGDGGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDVHQHOSHULRGRFRPSUHQGLGR
HQWUH \ KD DGRSWDGR UHVROXFLRQHV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ HO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWRLQWHUQRTXHFRPSUHQGHQSURSXHVWDVSDUDHQIUHQWDUORHQWUH
ODVTXHFDEHPHQFLRQDUHOUHWRUQRODLQWHJUDFLyQVRFLDO\HOUHDVHQWDPLHQWR
HQ RWUR OXJDU 'HVWDFD OD 6DOD OD 5HVROXFLyQ GH TXH FRQGHQD ORV
DFWRV GH YLROHQFLD FRQWUD OD SREODFLyQ FLYLO JHQHUDGRUHV GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR
KL]R KLQFDSLp HQ OD REOLJDFLyQ SDUD ORV (VWDGRV GH DSOLFDU ORV SULQFLSLRV
LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV UHIHUHQWHV D OD SURWHFFLyQ GH ODV YtFWLPDV GH pVWH IODJHOR \
UHFRPHQGyFRPRIRUPDGHSUHYHQFLyQTXHORVSHUSHWUDGRUHVGHHVWHGHOLWR
IXHUDQMX]JDGRVSRUOD&RUWH3HQDO,QWHUQDFLRQDO
'HLJXDOIRUPDVHKDQH[SHGLGRYDULRVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVHQWUHORV
TXH VH HQFXHQWUD D /D GHFODUDFLyQ GH /RQGUHV SURPXOJDGD HQ HO DxR
HOFXDOLQFOX\HXQUHIHUHQWHH[SOtFLWRGHOGHUHFKRDQRVHUGHVSOD]DGR
E/RV3ULQFLSLRVGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDVVREUHODYLYLHQGD\UHVWLWXFLyQGHOD
SURSLHGDGDUHIXJLDGRV\GHVSOD]DGRVFRQRFLGRVFRPR3ULQFLSLRV3LQKHLUR
HQKRQRUDVXFUHDGRUHOUHODWRUHVSHFLDO3DXOR6HUJLR3LQKHULRSURPXOJDGRV
HQ F (O SURWRFROR VREUH OD SURWHFFLyQ \ DVLVWHQFLD D ORV
'HVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV GH TXH SXHGH FRQVLGHUDUVH FRPR HO SULPHU
LQVWUXPHQWR YLQFXODQWH D WUDYpV GHO FXDO VH REOLJD D ORV HVWDGRV D
LPSOHPHQWDUORVSULQFLSLRVUHFWRUHV\G/DFRQYHQFLyQGHOD8QLyQ$IULFDQD
SDUD OD SURWHFFLyQ \ DVLVWHQFLD D ORV GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV HQ ÈIULFD
&RQYHQFLyQ GH .DPSDOD GHO DxR OHJDOPHQWH YLQFXODQWH \ TXH
FRQWHPSODHOGHUHFKRDQRVHUGHVSOD]DGR
$XQDGRDORVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVHQXQFLDGRV\DOJUDQDYDQFHTXH
HQ HVWD PDWHULD VH KD FRQVHJXLGR SRU SDUWH GH OD &RPXQLGDG LQWHUQDFLRQDO
HVLPSRUWDQWHUHVDOWDUTXHHO&RPLWp,QWHUQDFLRQDOGHOD&UX]5RMD&,&5KD
SURSHQGLGRSRUHODILDQ]DPLHQWRGHORV35',FRPRLQVWUXPHQWRVYLQFXODQWHV
HQHOPDUFRGHOGHUHFKRLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRVQRVyORSDUD
DFODUDU ]RQDV RVFXUDV R SUHYHU VLWXDFLRQHV QR SUHYLVWDV HQ pO VLQR FRQ XQ
6HFUHWDUtD*HQHUDOGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDV,QIRUPHDO&RQVHMRGH6HJXULGDGVREUH
OD SURWHFFLyQ GH ORV FLYLOHV YtFWLPDV GH ORV FRQIOLFWRV LQWHUQRV FLWDGR SRU
:((5$6,1*+( 6DQMXOD \ )(55,6 (OL]DEHWK , &RQVHMR GH 6HJXULGDG GH ODV
1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV \ OD SUHYHQFLyQ GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR FRQVXOWDGR (1
:::EURRNLQJVHGXUHVHDUFKUHSRUVW
025(/0LFKpOH67$952328/280DUtD\'85,(8;-HDQ)UDQFRLV2EUDVXSUD
19
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FDUiFWHUDPSOLDPHQWHYLQFXODQWHHQODPHGLGDTXH³DJOXWLQDQXQDVHULHGHQRUPDV
TXHVHGHULYDQGLUHFWDPHQWHGHOGHUHFKRKXPDQLWDULRLQWHUQDFLRQDO´
/RV SULQFLSLRV TXH GHULYDQ VX HVHQFLD GH ODV GLVSRVLFLRQHV VREUH SURWHFFLyQ
GHO ',+ VH GHVWDFD D /D SURKLELFLyQ GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR E /D
REOLJDFLyQGHDGRSWDUWRGDVODVPHGLGDVSRVLEOHVSDUDDFRJHUDODSREODFLyQ
FLYLOHQFRQGLFLRQHVVDWLVIDFWRULDVGHDORMDPLHQWRKLJLHQHVDOXGVHJXULGDG\
QXWULFLRQDOF/DQRVHSDUDFLyQDORVPLHPEURVGHXQDPLVPDIDPLOLDG(O
UHWRUQR YROXQWDULR HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG FRPR GHUHFKR GH ORV
GHVSOD]DGRV \ H HO GHEHU GH SURWHFFLyQ D ODV SURSLHGDGHV GH OD SREODFLyQ
FLYLO
(OGHUHFKRKXPDQRDODWLHUUD\DODSURSLHGDG
/DV WHRUtDV SROtWLFDV FRQWHPSRUiQHDV KDFHQ HVSHFLDO pQIDVLV DO GHUHFKR
KXPDQR D OD WLHUUD \ HVSHFtILFDPHQWH D OD WHQHQFLD GH OD WLHUUD FRPR XQD
FRQGLFLyQ QHFHVDULD SDUD OD UHDOL]DFLyQ GH ORV GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV (QWUH ORV
FRPSRQHQWHVGHHVWHGHUHFKRVHHQFXHQWUDQHOGHUHFKRDODOLPHQWRODVDOXG
HO WUDEDMR HO QLYHO DGHFXDGR GH YLGD YLYLHQGD DGHFXDGD GHVDUUROOR \
DXWRGHWHUPLQDFLyQ6REUHpVWHWySLFRVHUHTXLHUHGLIHUHQFLDUHOGHUHFKRGH
ODWLHUUD\HOGHUHFKRDODWLHUUDHQWHQGLGRHOSULPHURFRPRDTXHOODVIRUPDV
GHUHODFLRQDUVHFRQODWLHUUD\IUHQWHDWHUFHURVORVDFWRVMXUtGLFRVTXHVREUH
HOOD SXHGHQ UHDOL]DUVH\ VXV FRQVHFXHQFLDV \ HQ FXDQWR TXH HO VHJXQGR VH
FRQVWLWX\H FRPR VH LQGLFy HQ XQ SUHVXSXHVWR QHFHVDULR SDUD OD VDWLVIDFFLyQ
GH ORV RWURV GHUHFKRV GH HVSHFLDOtVLPD HQYHUJDGXUD FRPR OR VRQ VDOXG
DOLPHQWRWUDEDMRQLYHODGHFXDGRGHYLGDHWF
(QORVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVGHSURWHFFLyQGHORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRV
HODUWtFXORGHOD'HFODUDFLyQ8QLYHUVDOGHORV'HUHFKRV+XPDQRVUHFRQRFH
HO GHUHFKR TXH WRGD SHUVRQD WLHQH D OD SURSLHGDG LQGLYLGXDO \ FROHFWLYD \ D
QRVHUSULYDGRDUELWUDULDPHQWHGHHOOD
'52(*(&yUGXODREUDFLWDGD
9HU 3RU XQ PD\RU UHFRQRFLPLHQWR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH XQ GHUHFKR KXPDQR D OD
WLHUUD HO WHUULWRULR \ ORV UHFXUVRV QDWXUDOHV 5HG LQWHUQDFLRQDO SDUD ORV GHUHFKRV
HFRQyPLFRVVRFLDOHV\FXOWXUDOHVKWWSZZZHVFUQHWRUJQRGH
6REUH OD GLIHUHQFLD HQWUH HO 'HUHFKR GH OD WLHUUD \ HO 'HUHFKR D OD 7LHUUD 9(5
$5*8(//2 5LFKDUG \ +(51$1'(= 5RELQVRQ $FFLRQHV HVSHFLDOHV SDUD OD
SURWHFFLyQ GH ELHQHV LQPXHEOHV UXUDOHV GHOD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD SRU OD 9LROHQFLD
7HVLVGH*UDGR8QLYHUVLGDG,QGXVWULDOGH6DQWDQGHU(VFXHODGHGHUHFKR\&LHQFLDV
3ROtWLFDV%XFDUDPDQJD
20
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
$Vt PLVPR HO &RPLWp GH 'HUHFKRV (FRQyPLFRV 6RFLDOHV \ &XOWXUDOHV
UHIHUHQFLy HVSHFLDOPHQWH HO GHUHFKR D OD SURSLHGDG HVSHFtILFDPHQWH HQ HO
PDUFR GHO SULQFLSLR D OD QR GLVFULPLQDFLyQ \ HVWDEOHFLy HQ OD REVHUYDFLyQ
JHQHUDO 1R HO GHUHFKR D OD YLYLHQGD DGHFXDGD \ OD SURKLELFLyQ D ORV
GHVDORMRVIRU]RVRV5HVDOWyHO&RPLWpTXH ³«ODVPXMHUHVORVQLxRVORVMyYHQHV
ORV DQFLDQRV ORV SXHEORV LQGtJHQDV ODV PLQRUtDV pWQLFDV \ GH RWUR WLSR DVt FRPR RWURV
LQGLYLGXRV \ JUXSRV YXOQHUDEOHV VH YHQ DIHFWDGRV HQ PHGLGD GHVSURSRUFLRQDGD SRU OD
SUiFWLFD GH ORV GHVDORMRV IRU]RVRV (Q WRGRV HVWRV JUXSRV ODV PXMHUHV VRQ SDUWLFXODUPHQWH
YXOQHUDEOHVDFDXVDGHODGLVFULPLQDFLyQMXUtGLFD\RWUDVIRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDFLyQTXHVXHOHQ
GDUVH HQ PDWHULD GH GHUHFKR GH SURSLHGDG LQFOXLGD OD SURSLHGDG GH XQD YLYLHQGD R GHO
GHUHFKRGHDFFHVRDODSURSLHGDGRDODYLYLHQGD\GHVXSDUWLFXODUYXOQHUDELOLGDGDORVDFWRV
GHYLROHQFLD\DEXVRVH[XDOFXDQGRVHTXHGDQVLQKRJDU´
(O 'HUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH SURSLHGDGHV R SRVHVLRQHV
FRPRSURWHFFLyQHVSHFLDOGH ODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDHQ HO
PDUFRGHORV3ULQFLSLRV3KLQHLURV\HO','+
'HQWUR GH ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR GHEH UHVDOWDUVH GH
PDQHUDHVSHFLDOHOYLJpVLPRQRYHQRTXHFRQVDJUDHOGHQRPLQDGRGHUHFKRD
ODUHVWLWXFLyQHQYLUWXGGHOFXDO³ODVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVWLHQHQODREOLJDFLyQ\OD
UHVSRQVDELOLGDG GH SUHVWDU DVLVWHQFLD D ORV GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV TXH KD\DQ UHJUHVDGR R VH
KD\DQ DVHQWDGR HQ RWUD SDUWH SDUD OD UHFXSHUDFLyQ HQ OD PHGLGD GH OR SRVLEOH GH ODV
SURSLHGDGHV R SRVHVLRQHV TXH DEDQGRQDURQ R GH ODV TXH IXHURQ GHVSRVHtGRV FXDQGR VH
GHVSOD]DURQ 6L HVD UHFXSHUDFLyQ HV LPSRVLEOH ODV DXWRULGDGHV FRPSHWHQWHV FRQFHGHUiQ D
HVDV SHUVRQDV XQD LQGHPQL]DFLyQ DGHFXDGD X RWUD IRUPD GH FRPSHQVDFLyQ MXVWD R OHV
SUHVWDUiQDVLVWHQFLDSDUDTXHODREWHQJDQ´
/D JpQHVLV GH HVWH GHUHFKR HQFXHQWUD VRSRUWH HQ HO GHUHFKR D UHWRUQDU
FRQVDJUDGR XQLYHUVDOPHQWH HQ OD &DUWD GH ODV 1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV DXQTXH pVWH
~OWLPRWHQtDFRPRSURSyVLWRIDFLOLWDUHOUHWRUQRGHORVUHIXJLDGRVGHXQSDtVD
VXOXJDUGHRULJHQ\QRLQFOXtDODSURWHFFLyQSDUDTXLHQHVIXHUDQGHVSOD]DGRV
GH ORV FRQIOLFWRV DUPDGRV LQWHUQRV )XH VyOR KDVWD HO DxR FXDQGR VH
ILUPyHQ'D\WRQ2KLRHODFXHUGRGHSD]TXHSXVRILQDODJXHUUDLQWHUQDGH
%RVQLDTXHVHLQFOX\yHOGHUHFKRGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVDUHWRUQDUDVXOXJDUGH
RULJHQ\DODGHYROXFLyQGHORVELHQHVGHORVTXHVHOHVKDEtDSULYDGR(VWH
PLVPRFRQFHSWRGHUHWRUQRFRQVDJUDGRHQORV3ULQFLSLRVUHFWRUHV\UDWLILFDGR
HQ ORV 3ULQFLSLRV 3LQKHLUR KD VLGR FRQYDOLGDGR SRU OD $VDPEOHD *HQHUDO \HO
&RQVHMR GH 6HJXULGDG GH ODV 1DFLRQHV 8QLGDV \ VH KD FRQVROLGDGR HQ
21
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GLIHUHQWHV DFXHUGRV GH SD] FRPR HQ 'DUIXU 1HSDO $IJDQLVWDQ %XUXQGt
.RVRYR\7XUTXtD
'HEHUHVDOWDUVHTXHODJDUDQWtDGHUHVWLWXFLyQKDVLGRDFRJLGDSULQFLSDOPHQWH
HQOXJDUHVHQORVFXDOHVKDFHVDGRGHILQLWLYDPHQWHHOFRQIOLFWRTXHIXHFDXVD
GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR H[LVWLHQGR FLHUWR UHFHOR HQ SDtVHV HQ ORV TXH OD
FRQIURQWDFLyQFRQWLQ~D$XQDGRDHOORODLQH[LVWHQWHYROXQWDGSROtWLFDSDUDOD
LPSOHPHQWDFLyQ GH ORV SURJUDPDV GH UHVWLWXFLyQ GH WHUULWRULRV OD FXDO
UHTXLHUH HVIXHU]RV LQJHQWHV SDUD FRQVHJXLU ORV UHFXUVRV QHFHVDULRV KD
GLILFXOWDGR HQ JUDQ PDQHUD OD DFRJLGD \ SXHVWD HQ IXQFLRQDPLHQWR GH OD
FLWDGDKHUUDPLHQWDLQWHUQDFLRQDO³(QORVFDVRVHQORVTXHH[LVWHYROXQWDGSROtWLFDORV
SURJUDPDV GH UHVWLWXFLyQ UHTXLHUH XQRV UHFXUVRV \ XQD FDSDFLGDG MXUtGLFD TXH PXFKDV
QDFLRQHVQRWLHQHQ(QSDtVHVFRPR$IJDQLVWDQGRQGHODFDUHQFLDGHWLHUUDHUDJHQHUDOL]DGD
DQWHV GHO FRQIOLFWR HQ %XUXQGt GRQGH OD SREODFLyQ SUiFWLFDPHQWH KD FRSDGR ODV WLHUUDV
GLVSRQLEOHVODVSURSXHVWDVGHUHVWLWXFLyQGHEHQWHQHUHQFXHQWDHOLPSHUDWLYRGHJDUDQWL]DU
DODSREODFLyQHQVXFRQMXQWRHODFFHVRHTXLWDWLYDDODWLHUUD2WURGHVDItRFRQVLGHUDEOHHQ
ORVHVIXHU]RVGHUHVWLWXFLyQFRQVLVWHHQODQHFHVLGDGGHLQWHJUDUORVUHJtPHQHVGHSURSLHGDG
FRQVXHWXGLQDULD(QPXFKRVSDtVHVORVJUXSRVLQGtJHQDVRWULEDOHVVRQSURSLHWDULRVGHWLHUUDV
VHJ~QQRUPDVQRHVFULWDV$XQTXHKDEUtDTXHUHVSHWDUORVVLVWHPDVWUDGLFLRQDOHVODIDOWDGH
UHFRQRFLPLHQWR HVWDWDO \ GH GRFXPHQWDFLyQ IRUPDO VXHOHQ REVWDFXOL]DU ODV GHPDQGDV GH
UHVWLWXFLyQ´
(Q HO DQWHULRU FRQWH[WR HV SUHFLVR HVWDEOHFHU HO FRQWHQLGR GH ORV SULQFLSLRV
3KLQHLUR HQ PDWHULD GH UHVWLWXFLyQ GH WLHUUD KDFLHQGR HVSHFLDO pQIDVLV HQ HO
SULQFLSLR Q~PHUR GRV TXH FRQWHPSOD ³7RGRV ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ GHVSOD]DGRV WLHQHQ
GHUHFKRDTXHVHOHVUHVWLWX\DQODVYLYLHQGDVODVWLHUUDV\HOSDWULPRQLRGHTXHKD\DQVLGR
SULYDGRV DUELWUDULD R LOHJDOPHQWH R D TXH VH OHV LQGHPQLFH SRU FXDOTXLHU YLYLHQGD WLHUUD R
ELHQ FX\D UHVWLWXFLyQ VHD FRQVLGHUDGD GH KHFKR LPSRVLEOH SRU XQ WULEXQDO LQGHSHQGLHQWH H
LPSDUFLDO /RV (VWDGRV GDUiQ SULRULGDG GH IRUPD PDQLILHVWD DO GHUHFKR GH
UHVWLWXFLyQFRPRPHGLRSUHIHUHQWHGHUHSDUDFLyQHQORVFDVRVGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
\FRPRHOHPHQWRIXQGDPHQWDOGHODMXVWLFLDUHVWLWXWLYD(OGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQGH
ODV YLYLHQGDV ODV WLHUUDV \ HO SDWULPRQLR HV XQ GHUHFKR HQ Vt PLVPR \ HV LQGHSHQGLHQWH GH
TXHVHKDJDRQRHIHFWLYRHOUHJUHVRGHORVUHIXJLDGRV\GHVSOD]DGRVDTXLHQHVOHVDVLVWDHVH
GHUHFKR´
3RU VX SDUWH HO SULQFLSLR GpFLPR HVWDEOHFH HO GHUHFKR D XQ UHJUHVR
YROXQWDULR HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG \ GLJQLGDG LQGLFDQGR
H[SUHVDPHQWH TXH ³7RGRV ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ GHVSOD]DGRV WLHQHQ GHUHFKR D UHJUHVDU
:,//,$065KRGUL&(OSULQFLSLRUHFWRU\HOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQ'LH]DxRV
GHORVSULQFLSLRVUHFWRUHVGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRLQWHUQR5HYLVWD0LJUDFLRQHV)RU]DGDV
8QLYHUVLGDGGH2[IRUG&HQWURGH(VWXGLRVVREUH5HIXJLDGRV'LFLHPEUH
:,//,$065KRGUL&REUDFLWDGD
22
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
YROXQWDULDPHQWH D VXV DQWHULRUHV KRJDUHV WLHUUDV OXJDUHV GH UHVLGHQFLD KDELWXDO HQ
FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG \ GLJQLGDG (O 5HJUHVR YROXQWDULR HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG \
GLJQLGDGGHEHIXQGDUVHHQXQDHOHFFLyQOLEUHLQIRUPDGDHLQGLYLGXDO6HGHEHSURSRUFLRQDUD
ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ D ORV GHVSOD]DGRV LQIRUPDFLyQ FRPSOHWD REMHWLYD DFWXDOL]DGD \ H[DFWD HQ
SDUWLFXODUVREUHODVFXHVWLRQHVUHODWLYDVDODVHJXULGDGItVLFDPDWHULDO\MXUtGLFDHQVXVSDtVHV
R OXJDUHV GH RULJHQ /RV (VWDGRV SHUPLWLUiQ HO UHJUHVR YROXQWDULR GH ORV UHIXJLDGRV \
GHVSOD]DGRV D VXV DQWHULRUHV KRJDUHV WLHUUDV R OXJDUHV GH UHVLGHQFLD KDELWXDO VL DVt OR
GHVHDUHQ (VWH GHUHFKR QR SXHGH UHVWULQJLUVH FRQ RFDVLyQ GH OD VXFHVLyQ GH (VWDGRV QL
VRPHWHUVHDOLPLWDFLRQHVWHPSRUDOHVDUELWUDULDVRLOHJDOHV´
$KRUD ELHQ HQ HO PDUFR GHO 6LVWHPD LQWHUDPHULFDQR GH GHUHFKRV
KXPDQRV OD &RQYHQFLyQ DPHULFDQD GH GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV UHFRQRFLy D
OD SURSLHGDG SULYDGD FRPR SLODU IXQGDPHQWDO GH ORV GHUHFKRV GH ORV
LQGLYLGXRVHVWDEOHFLpQGRORFRPRHOGHUHFKRGHWRGDSHUVRQDDXVDU\JR]DU
GH VXV ELHQHV SXGLHQGR VHU ~QLFDPHQWH OLPLWDGR SRU PRWLYRV GH LQWHUpV
JHQHUDO R VRFLDO \ SUHYLR HO SDJR GH ODV FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV LQGHPQL]DFLRQHV
DGPLQLVWUDWLYDVDVtORFRQWHPSOyHODUWtFXORGHODFLWDGDFRQYHQFLyQ
/D&RUWH,QWHUDPHULFDQDKDSURIHULGR GHFLVLRQHVHVSHFLDOHVUHODFLRQDGDVFRQ
HO GHUHFKR D OD SURSLHGDG SULYDGD HQ &RORPELD ,WXDQJR YV HO (VWDGR
&RORPELDQR(QHVWDSURYLGHQFLDOD&RUWHUHFRUGyHOFRQFHSWRGHSURSLHGDG
\ VXV FRPSRQHQWHV GH XVR \ JRFH GH ORV ELHQHV PXHEOHV LQPXHEOHV
HOHPHQWRV FRUSRUDOHV H LQFRUSRUDOHV \ FXDOTXLHU RWUR REMHWR LQPDWHULDO
VXVFHSWLEOHGHYDORU/RVKHFKRVKDFHQUHIHUHQFLDDJUXSRVSDUDPLOLWDUHVTXH
LQFXUVLRQDURQ HQ HO VLWLR GHQRPLQDGR HO $UR VXVWUD\HQGR DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
HQWUH\FDEH]DVGHJDQDGRGHVWUX\HQGRHLQFHQGLRJUDQSDUWHGHO
FDVFR XUEDQR GHO PXQLFLSLR FDXVDQGR WHUURU \ GHVSOD]DPLHQWR GH OD
SREODFLyQ DQWH OD RPLVLyQ GH ODV DXWRULGDGHV $QWH HVWH HVFHQDULR OD &RUWH
DFXGLHQGR D LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV FRPR HO 3URWRFROR ,, GH ORV
&RQYHQLRV GH *LQHEUD DERJy SRU OD SURWHFFLyQ D OD SREODFLyQ FLYLO \ GH ORV
ELHQHVLQGLVSHQVDEOHVSDUDODVXSHUYLYHQFLDGHODSREODFLyQ\UHVDOWyTXH ³OD
(O6LVWHPDLQWHUDPHULFDQRGHORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRVVXUJLyGHODDJUXSDFLyQGH
ORV (VWDGRV DPHULFDQRV TXLHQHV DGRSWDURQ YDULRV GH LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV
SDUDODE~VTXHGDGHODSURPRFLyQ\SURWHFFLyQGHORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRV<DVX
YH] FUHDURQ yUJDQRV GHVWLQDGRV D YHODU SRU VX REVHUYDQFLD (O VLVWHPD HVWi
LQWHJUDGR SRU OD &RPLVLyQ ,QWHUDPHULFDQD GH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV FX\D VHGH VH
HQFXHQWUD HQ :DVKLQJWRQ '& (VWDGRV 8QLGRV GH $PpULFD \ OD &RUWH
,QWHUDPHULFDQD GH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV FRQ VHGH HQ 6DQ -RVp GH &RVWD 5LFD 9HU
KWWSZZZFRUWHLGKRUFU
&RQYHQFLyQ$PHULFDQDGHGHUHFKRVKXPDQRVRSDFWRGH6DQ-RVpILUPDGDHQ6DQ
-RVp&RVWD5LFDDOGHQRYLHPEUHGH
&RUWH,QWHUDPHULFDQDGH'HUHFKRV+XPDQRVVHQWHQFLDGHOGHMXOLRGH
23
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
SURSLHGDG SULYDGD HV XQ GHUHFKR KXPDQR FX\D YXOQHUDFLyQ HQ HO SUHVHQWH FDVR HV GH
HVSHFLDO
JUDYHGDG´
$GLFLRQDOPHQWH UDWLILFy DFXGLHQGR SDUD HOOR D
SURQXQFLDPLHQWRV GH OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO &RORPELDQD HO FDUiFWHU GH
GHUHFKRIXQGDPHQWDOGHODSURSLHGDGHQHOHYHQWRGHHQFRQWUDUVHYLQFXODGD
DOPDQWHQLPLHQWRGHXQDVFRQGLFLRQHVPDWHULDOHVGHH[LVWHQFLD
,QFRUSRUDFLyQ DO VLVWHPD MXUtGLFR &RORPELDQR GH ORV
3ULQFLSLRV 5HFWRUHV GHO 'HVSOD]DPLHQWR ,QWHUQR ± 35', \
GH PDQHUD FRQFUHWD HO GHUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH WLHUUDV
GHVSRMDGDVRDEDQGRQDGDV
(Q HO GHVDUUROOR OHJDO GH ORV GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV HO (VWDGR &RORPELDQR KD
KHFKR LQJHQWHV HVIXHU]RV SDUD ORJUDU OD FRQVROLGDFLyQ HQ HO PDUFR MXUtGLFR
LQWHUQRGHO',+\GHO','+ORVFXDOHVSRUH[SUHVDGLVSRVLFLyQGHODUWtFXOR
GH OD &DUWD 3ROtWLFD KDFHQ SDUWH LQWHJUDQWH GH OD OHJLVODFLyQ LQWHUQD HQ HO
GHQRPLQDGREORTXHGHFRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG
8Q SULPHU LQWHQWR SRU ORJUDU DILDQ]DU HO EORTXH GH FRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG \ OD
SURWHFFLyQ D ODV YtFWLPDV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO HQ
VHQWHQFLD&GHDSUREyHO3URWRFROR$GLFLRQDODORV&RQYHQLRVGH
*LQHEUD QRUPD TXH SURKtEH HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR HQ VX DUWtFXOR \
TXH VLUYLy GH JpQHVLV D ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR \ GHO
GHUHFKRGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVDXQQLYHOGHYLGDDGHFXDGD
/DMXULVSUXGHQFLDHQFLWDLQFRUSRUyWRGRHOFXHUSRQRUPDWLYRGHORV&RQYHQLRV
GH *LQHEUD \ VXV GRV SURWRFRORV DGLFLRQDOHV DO WH[WR FRQVWLWXFLRQDO
FRORPELDQR DO H[SUHVDU ³«ORV FRQYHQLRV GH GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO KXPDQLWDULR
SUHYDOHFHQ HQ HO RUGHQ LQWHUQR « /D &RUWH FRQVLGHUD TXH OD QRFLyQ GH EORTXH GH
FRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG SURYHQLHQWH GHO GHUHFKR IUDQFpV SHUR TXH KD KHFKR FDUUHUD HQ HO
GHUHFKR FRQVWLWXFLRQDO FRPSDUDGR SHUPLWH DUPRQL]DU ORV SULQFLSLRV \ PDQGDWRV
DSDUHQWHPHQWH HQ FRQWUDGLFFLyQ GH ORV DUWtFXORV ž \ GH QXHVWUD &DUWD´ (Q OD FLWDGD
VHQWHQFLD LJXDOPHQWH VH DUPRQL]y OD OHJLVODFLyQ LQWHUQD FRQ OD GHQRPLQDGD &OiXVXOD
0DUWHQV´VHJ~QODFXDOHQORVFDVRVQRSUHYLVWRVSRUHOGHUHFKRYLJHQWHODSHUVRQDKXPDQD
TXHGD EDMR OD VDOYDJXDUGLD GH ORV SULQFLSLRV GH OD KXPDQLGDG \ GH ODV H[LJHQFLDV GH OD
FRQFLHQFLDS~EOLFD´
$0DUWtQH]
24
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3RVWHULRUPHQWH \ HQ HVWH PLVPR FRQWH[WR OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO HPLWLy OD
VHQWHQFLD 68 GH D WUDYpV GH OD FXDO KL]R SDUWH GHO
RUGHQDPLHQWR MXUtGLFR ORV 35', \ HQIDWL]y HQ OD QHFHVLGDG GH DFXGLU DO
FRQFXUVR GH RUJDQLVPRV \ 21* LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV SDUD DWHQGHU GLFKD
SUREOHPiWLFD SRU OR TXH HUD SULRULWDULR FRQVLGHUDU ODV UHFRPHQGDFLRQHV
IRUPXODGDV SRU ODV HQWLGDGHV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV \ HVSHFLDOPHQWH UHFRQRFHU ORV
SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV ³FRPR LQVWUXPHQWRV ~WLOHV SDUD OD GHIHQVD GH ORV GHUHFKRV GH ORV
GHVSOD]DGRV LQWHUQRV´ ORV FXDOHV VL ELHQ ³QR KDQ VLGR DSUREDGRV PHGLDQWH XQ WUDWDGR
LQWHUQDFLRQDO 6LQ HPEDUJR GDGR TXH HOORV IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH UHIOHMDQ \ OOHQDQ ODV ODJXQDV
GHORHVWDEOHFLGRHQWUDWDGRVLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVGH GHUHFKRVKXPDQRV \TXHKDQUHFLELGRXQD
JUDQ DFHSWDFLyQ SRU SDUWH GH GLVWLQWRV RUJDQLVPRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GH GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV
HVWD &RUSRUDFLyQ FRQVLGHUD TXH GHEHQ VHU WHQLGRV FRPR SDUiPHWURV SDUD OD
FUHDFLyQ QRUPDWLYD \ OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ HQ HO FDPSR GH OD UHJXODFLyQ GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR \ OD DWHQFLyQ D ODV SHUVRQDV GHVSOD]DGDV SRU SDUWH GHO
(VWDGR/RDQWHULRUFODURHVWiVLQSHUMXLFLRGHTXHWRGRVVXVSUHFHSWRVTXHUHLWHUDQQRUPDV
\D LQFOXLGDV HQ WUDWDGRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GH GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV \ GH GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO
KXPDQLWDULR DSUREDGRV SRU &RORPELD JRFHQ GH UDQJR FRQVWLWXFLRQDO FRPR OR VHxDOD HO
DUWtFXORGHOD&RQVWLWXFLyQ´6XEUD\DGRIXHUDGHOWH[WR
(Q OD PLVPD OtQHD OD VHQWHQFLD 7 GH GHILQLy HO IHQyPHQR GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR FRPR XQD VLWXDFLyQ GH KHFKR TXH QR UHTXHUtD
XQD GHFODUDFLyQ RILFLDO \ UHFDOFy TXH SDUD HQIUHQWDUOR ODV HQWLGDGHV
S~EOLFDV GHEtDQ DFXGLU D OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ PiV IDYRUDEOH D OD SREODFLyQ
GHVSOD]DGDVLHQGRLQGLVSHQVDEOHSDUDHOORDSOLFDUORV35', ³FRQVDJUDGRVHQHO
,QIRUPHGHO5HSUHVHQWDQWH(VSHFLDOGHO6HFUHWDULR*HQHUDOGH1DFLRQHV8QLGDVSDUDHO7HPD
GH ORV 'HVSOD]DPLHQWRV ,QWHUQRV GH 3HUVRQDV ORV FXDOHV VRQ SDUWH GHO FXHUSR QRUPDWLYR
VXSUDQDFLRQDO TXH LQWHJUD HO EORTXH GH FRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG GH HVWH FDVR´ \ SUHFLVy TXH
EDMRpVWHSUHFHSWR ³ORVIXQFLRQDULRVGHOPLQLVWHULRS~EOLFRTXHUHFLEHQODVGHFODUDFLRQHV
GH ORV GHVSOD]DGRV \ ORV IXQFLRQDULRV GH OD 5HG GH 6ROLGDULGDG 6RFLDO GHELHUDQ DMXVWDU VX
FRQGXFWD DGHPiV GH ODV QRUPDV FRQVWLWXFLRQDOHV D OR SUHYLVWR HQ ORV PHQFLRQDGRV
3ULQFLSLRV´
(Q OD VHQWHQFLD 7 GH OD &RUWH LQVLVWLy QXHYDPHQWH HQ OD
LPSRUWDQFLD GHO GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO FRPR SDUWH GHO EORTXH GH
FRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG\UHIHUHQWHREOLJDGRSDUDODDSOLFDFLyQGHORVGHUHFKRVGH
OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD UHFRUGDQGR TXH ³/D QRUPDWLYLGDG LQWHUQDFLRQDO SHUPLWH
GLVHxDUXQDSURWHFFLyQHIHFWLYDFXDQGRORVGHUHFKRV IXQGDPHQWDOHVGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVVRQ
(&LIXHQWHV
00RQUR\
00RQUR\
25
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
YXOQHUDGRV < ODV QRUPDV QDFLRQDOHV FRPR \D VH KD UHVHxDGR HQ HO WH[WR GH HVWH IDOOR
WDPELpQHVPX\SUROLMDVREUHODVPHGLGDVDWRPDU´
/D VHQWHQFLD 7 GH UHLWHUy QXHYDPHQWH OD LPSRUWDQFLD GH ORV
35',FRPRIXHQWHQRUPDWLYD\FULWHULRGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODVGLVSRVLFLRQHV
MXUtGLFDVTXHUHJXODQHOWHPDGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRLQWHUQRHVSHFtILFDPHQWHOR
UHIHUHQWHDODYHUGDGMXVWLFLDUHSDUDFLyQ\UHWRUQR
/D VHQWHQFLD 7 GH UHFDOFy OD FRQGLFLyQ GH FLXGDGDQRV
FRORPELDQRV GH ORV GHVSOD]DGRV \ GHWHUPLQy TXH OD OHJLVODFLyQ DSOLFDEOH
DGHPiV GH OD LQWHUQD HVWi LQWHJUDGD SRU HO FRQMXQWR GH GHUHFKRV \
REOLJDFLRQHV UHFRQRFLGDV SRU OD FRPXQLGDG LQWHUQDFLRQDO OR TXH
LQFOX\HDSOLFDUORVSULQFLSLRVUHFWRUHVGHODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDFRPRSDUWH
LQWHJUDQWHGHOEORTXHGHFRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG
3HUR HQ OR TXH WLHQH TXH YHU FRQ HO UHFRQRFLPLHQWR GH ORV 35', OD &RUWH
&RQVWLWXFLRQDOHPLWLyODVHQWHQFLD7GHODFXDOFRQVWLWX\HKLWR
VREUH OD PDWHULD (Q OD PLVPD GHFODUy OD H[LVWHQFLD GH XQ HVWDGR GH
FRVDV LQFRQVWLWXFLRQDO HQ HO FDPSR GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR
SURGXFLGR SRU OD YLRODFLyQ VLVWHPiWLFD \ JHQHUDOL]DGD GH ORV GHUHFKRV
KXPDQRVGHODVSHUVRQDVGHVSOD]DGDVDODVTXHFDWDORJyHQHVWDGRGHELOLGDG
PDQLILHVWD³PHUHFHGRUHVGHXQWUDWDPLHQWRHVSHFLDOSRUSDUWHGHO(VWDGR´\SUHFLVyTXH
³OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ GH ORV GHUHFKRV GH ORV VXMHWRV GH HVSHFLDO SURWHFFLyQ FRQVWLWXFLRQDO TXH
IRUPDQ SDUWH GH OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD VH GHEH UHDOL]DU FRQ DUUHJOR D ORV 3ULQFLSLRV
5HFWRUHVGHO'HVSOD]DPLHQWR)RU]DGR1RV\UHODWLYRVDODSURWHFFLyQHVSHFLDOTXHHO
(VWDGRGHEHGLVSHQVDUDFLHUWRVJUXSRVGHGHVSOD]DGRV´
/DVHQWHQFLDHQFLWDHOHYyDUDQJRFRQVWLWXFLRQDOORVTXHGHQRPLQyGHUHFKRV
IXQGDPHQWDOHVGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVHLQFRUSRUyORV35',GiQGROHVHOFDUiFWHU
GH HOHPHQWRV LQWHUSUHWDWLYRV SDUD ORV GHUHFKRV GH PDQHUD HVSHFLDO ORV
3ULQFLSLRV \ UHODFLRQDGRV FRQ OD SURWHFFLyQ FRQWUD HO JHQRFLGLR
ODV HMHFXFLRQHV VXPDULDV \ ODV SUiFWLFDV FRQWUDULDV DO GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO
KXPDQLWDULRTXHSRQJDQHQULHVJRODYLGDGHODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGD
00RQUR\
$%HOWUiQ
0&HSHGD
26
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
'H LJXDO PDQHUD HQ OD VHQWHQFLD 7 VH HVWUXFWXUy D IRQGR HO
FDWiORJRGHGHUHFKRVGHODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGD\VHGHWHUPLQyODDSOLFDFLyQ
HQWRGRVORVFDVRVGHORVFULWHULRVMXULVSUXGHQFLDOHVGHVXSURWHFFLyQDODOX]
GH ODV QRUPDV GH GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO TXH IRUPDQ SDUWH LQWHJUDQWH GHO
EORTXHGHFRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDGSDUWLFXODUPHQWH ³HODUWtFXORGHO3URWRFROR$GLFLRQDO
GH ORV &RQYHQLRV GH *LQHEUD GH \ ORV 3ULQFLSLRV 5HFWRUHV GH ORV 'HVSOD]DPLHQWRV
,QWHUQRV FRQVDJUDGRV HQ HO ,QIRUPH GHO 5HSUHVHQWDQWH (VSHFLDO GHO 6HFUHWDULR *HQHUDO GH
1DFLRQHV8QLGDVSDUDHO7HPDGHORV'HVSOD]DPLHQWRV,QWHUQRVGH3HUVRQDVHOSULQFLSLR
GHIDYRUDELOLGDGHOSULQFLSLR GHEXHQD IH\HOGHUHFKRDODFRQILDQ]DOHJtWLPD\HO
SULQFLSLRGHSUHYDOHQFLDGHOGHUHFKRVXVWDQFLDOSURSLRGHO(VWDGR6RFLDOGH'HUHFKR´
(Q HVWD VHQWHQFLD GH PDQHUD HVSHFLDO VHxDOD OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO TXH HO
GHUHFKR D OD UHSDUDFLyQ LQWHJUDO VXSRQH HO GHUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ORV
ELHQHV GH ORV FXDOHV ODV SHUVRQDV KDQ VLGR GHVSRMDGDV ³/DV SHUVRQDV TXH VH
HQFXHQWUDQHQVLWXDFLyQGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGR\TXHKDQVLGRGHVSRMDGDVYLROHQWDPHQWH
GH VX WLHUUD GH OD WLHUUD GH ODV FXDO VRQ SURSLHWDULDV R SRVHHGRUDV WLHQHQ GHUHFKR
IXQGDPHQWDODTXHHO(VWDGRFRQVHUYHVXGHUHFKRGHSURSLHGDGRSRVHVLyQ\OHVUHVWDEOH]FD
HO XVR JRFH \ OLEUH GLVSRVLFLyQ GH OD PLVPD HQ ODV FRQGLFLRQHV HVWDEOHFLGDV SRU HO GHUHFKR
LQWHUQDFLRQDO HQ OD PDWHULD (Q HIHFWR HQ HVWRV FDVRV HO GHUHFKR D OD SURSLHGDG R D OD
SRVHVLyQDGTXLHUHXQ FDUiFWHUSDUWLFXODUPHQWHUHIRU]DGRTXHPHUHFHDWHQFLyQHVSHFLDOSRU
SDUWH GHO (VWDGR´
< DJUHJD GH PDQHUD HQIiWLFD ³&LHUWDPHQWH VL HO GHUHFKR D OD
UHSDUDFLyQ LQWHJUDO GHO GDxR FDXVDGR D YtFWLPDV GH YLRODFLRQHV PDVLYDV \ VLVWHPiWLFDV GH
GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV HV XQ GHUHFKR IXQGDPHQWDO QR SXHGH PHQRV TXH DILUPDUVH TXH HO
GHUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ORV ELHQHV GH ORV FXDOHV ODV SHUVRQDV HQ VLWXDFLyQ GH
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR KDQ VLGR GHVSRMDGDV HV WDPELpQ XQ GHUHFKR IXQGDPHQWDO &RPR
ELHQVHVDEHHOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQHVXQRGHORVGHUHFKRVTXHVXUJHQGHOGHUHFKRDOD
UHSDUDFLyQLQWHJUDOUHVDOWDGRGHOD6DOD
&RQHOILQGHORJUDUODPDWHULDOL]DFLyQGHODVyUGHQHVHPLWLGDVHQODVHQWHQFLD
7 GH OD &RUWH PHGLDQWH OD H[SHGLFLyQ GH YDULRV DXWRV KD YHQLGR
UHDOL]DQGR VHJXLPLHQWR D ODV SROtWLFDV S~EOLFDV GH DWHQFLyQ D OD SREODFLyQ
GHVSOD]DGD \ HPLWLGR yUGHQHV SUHFLVDV D ODV HQWLGDGHV UHIHUHQWHV DO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWR TXH GHEHQ DGRSWDU IUHQWH D pVWD WRGR HQ DUDV GH OD
VXSHUDFLyQGHOHVWDGRGHFRVDVLQFRQVWLWXFLRQDO
)XH DVt FRPR HQ $XWR GH VH HVWDEOHFLy TXH ORV GHVSOD]DGRV
GHEtDQ UHFLELU XQD DWHQFLyQ HVSHFtILFD DGHFXDGD \ RSRUWXQD SDUD SURWHJHU
VXV GHUHFKRV OR FXDO UHTXHUtD GH OD UHDOL]DFLyQ GH ³HVIXHU]RV DGLFLRQDOHV GH WLSR
SUHVXSXHVWDO \ DGPLQLVWUDWLYR TXH VH FRQFUHWHQ HQ PHGLGDV HIHFWLYDV GH SURWHFFLyQ GH ORV
GHUHFKRVGHORVGHVSOD]DGRV´WRGRHQDUDVGH³EULQGDUDODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDXQWUDWR
&%RWHUR
27
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HVSHFtILFR\SULRULWDULRDFRUGHFRQVXH[WUHPDYXOQHUDELOLGDG\FRQODVHVSHFLILFLGDGHVGHVX
FRQGLFLyQGHGHVSOD]DGRV´
3RVWHULRUPHQWH D WUDYpV GHO $XWR GH OD &RUSRUDFLyQ VH
SURQXQFLy HQ OR UHIHUHQWH DO WHPD GHO UHWRUQR GLFWDPLQDQGR TXH HVWH
SURFHVRGHPRYLOL]DFLyQGHORVGHVSOD]DGRVDVXOXJDUGHSHUPDQHQFLDVHKD
DGHODQWDGR VLQ TXH VH SUHVWH DWHQFLyQ HVSHFLDO D ODV FRQGLFLRQHV GH
VHJXULGDGORTXHSRQHHQSHOLJURVXYLGDHLQWHJULGDGSHUVRQDO
(QHO$XWROD&RUWH&RQVWLWXFLRQDOHVWDEOHFLyXQDVHULHGHFULWHULRV
HVSHFLDOHV GH SURWHFFLyQ GH ODV FRPXQLGDGHV LQGtJHQDV YLFWLPDV GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR DQWH HO SHOLJUR LQPLQHQWH GH VHU H[WHUPLQDGRV FXOWXUDO R
ItVLFDPHQWH³(OFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRFRORPELDQRDPHQD]DFRQHOH[WHUPLQLRFXOWXUDORItVLFRD
QXPHURVRVSXHEORVLQGtJHQDVGHOSDtV(QHOFXUVRGHOD~OWLPDGpFDGDHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGR
UHRULHQWDGR SRU DFWLYLGDGHV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ HO QDUFRWUiILFR TXH VH GHVDUUROOD HQ &RORPELD
VH KD FRQYHUWLGR HQ HO SULQFLSDO IDFWRU GH ULHVJR SDUD OD H[LVWHQFLD PLVPD GH GRFHQDV GH
FRPXQLGDGHV\SXHEORVLQGtJHQDVDORODUJRGHOWHUULWRULRQDFLRQDO(VWDDPHQD]DKDVLGROD
FDXVDSULQFLSDOGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRGHORVLQGtJHQDV´
3RU $XWR OD &RUWH H[SDQGLy OD SURWHFFLyQ GH ORV GHUHFKRV GH OD
SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD FRQ XQ HQIRTXH GLIHUHQFLDO D OD SREODFLyQ DIUR
GHVFHQGLHQWH GRFXPHQWR HQ HO FXDO KDFH HVSHFLDO KLQFDSLp HQ OD
DSOLFDELOLGDG GH ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR LQWHUQR SDUD OD
SURWHFFLyQ GH pVWH JUXSR SREODFLRQDO HVSHFtILFDPHQWH HO SULQFLSLR TXH
SURSHQGH SRU OD QR GLVFULPLQDFLyQ SRU UD]RQHV GH UD]D FRORU VH[R UHOLJLyQ
HWF \ SURKtEH H[SUHVDPHQWH ORV GHVSOD]DPLHQWRV DUELWUDULRV EDVDGRV HQ
SROtWLFDVGHDSDUWKHLGOLPSLH]DpWQLFDRSUiFWLFDVVLPLODUHV
(Q$XWRVHKDFHpQIDVLVHQHOJRFHHIHFWLYRGHORVGHUHFKRVGHOD
SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD OD FRUUHFFLyQ GH ODV FDXVDV HVWUXFWXUDOHV TXH OR
JHQHUDQ \ VH UHVDOWD OD LQVXILFLHQFLD GH UHFXUVRV \ OD SUHFDULD FDSDFLGDG
LQVWLWXFLRQDO DVt FRPR OD RULHQWDFLyQ GH PDQHUD UDFLRQDO GH ODV SROtWLFDV
S~EOLFDV SDUD DOFDQ]DU GLFKD ILQDOLGDG \ OD LQWURGXFFLyQ GH XQ HQIRTXH
GLIHUHQFLDO HQ HVSHFLDO UHVSHFWR GH PXMHUHV PHQRUHV DGXOWRV PD\RUHV
LQGtJHQDVDIURFRORPELDQRV\SHUVRQDVFRQGLVFDSDFLGDG
0&HSHGD
0&HSHGD
0&HSHGD
0&HSHGD
28
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
$Vt PLVPR RUGHQy D ODV HQWLGDGHV HVWDWDOHV FRPSHWHQWHV UHIRUPXODU OD
SROtWLFD GH WLHUUDV 6H SURSRQH HQWUH RWURV DVSHFWRV ³L OD GHILQLFLyQ GH ORV
OLQHDPLHQWRVTXHRULHQWDUiQODQXHYDSROtWLFDLLHOGLVHxRGHODSROtWLFD\HOHVWDEOHFLPLHQWR
GH ORV PHGLRV SDUD VX LQVWUXPHQWDOL]DFLyQ LLL OD GHILQLFLyQ GH XQ FURQRJUDPD SDUD VX
HMHFXFLyQ\LYVXLPSOHPHQWDFLyQ\VHJXLPLHQWR´
(QHOFRPSRQHQWHGHUHWRUQR\UHXELFDFLyQGHODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDVH
HQIDWL]yHQHOSURWRFRORGHUHWRUQRTXH³VLELHQGHQWURGHODSROtWLFDS~EOLFDGHDSR\R
DODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDVHKDLQFOXLGRHOWHPDGHUHWRUQRQRHVFODURTXHHVWHKD\DWHQLGR
SUHIHUHQFLD FRPR VXFHGH FRQ RWUDV OtQHDV GH DFFLyQ FRPR HV HO FDVR GH DWHQFLyQ
KXPDQLWDULDORTXHGHMDHQWUHYHUTXHHOWHPDGHODHVWDELOL]DFLyQVRFLRHFRQyPLFDGHEHVHU
UHYLVDGR PiV GHWHQLGDPHQWH SRU ODV LQVWLWXFLRQHV UHVSRQVDEOHV SDUD DVt JHQHUDU DFFLRQHV
HILFDFHV\HILFLHQWHVTXHSHUPLWDQJDUDQWL]DUHOJRFHHIHFWLYRGHGHUHFKRVGHORVUHWRUQDGR\
ODUHSDUDFLyQDODVYtFWLPDV´
6REUHHVWDSDUWLFXODUFDEHGHVWDFDUORFRQVWDWDGRSRUOD&RUWH ³H[LVWHXQPX\
EDMR SRUFHQWDMH GH KRJDUHV GHVSOD]DGRV TXH GHVHDQ UHWRUQDU D VXV OXJDUHV GH
RULJHQ(OGHORVJUXSRVIDPLOLDUHVGHSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDLQFOXLGDHQHO583'SUHILHUH
SHUPDQHFHU HQ OD FLXGDG GH DVHQWDPLHQWR HO GHVHDUtD UHWRUQDU D VX PXQLFLSLR GH
H[SXOVLyQ HO GHVHDUtD UHXELFDUVH HQ RWUR PXQLFLSLR HO D~Q QR OR KD GHILQLGR \ HO
SUHIHULUtD XELFDUVH IXHUD GHO SDtV 6HJ~Q OD LQIRUPDFLyQ DSRUWDGD SRU ODV FRPXQLGDGHV
LQGtJHQDV\DIURFRORPELDQDVHQODVVHVLRQHVWpFQLFDVGHOGHVHSWLHPEUH\HOGHRFWXEUH
GH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH HVD YROXQWDG GH UHWRUQR HV PD\RU $ OR DQWHULRU VH VXPD OD
FLUFXQVWDQFLD GH TXH HQ PXFKRV OXJDUHV SHUVLVWHQ ODV FRQGLFLRQHV TXH GLHURQ
OXJDUDOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR´
,JXDOPHQWHLQGLFyTXH ³QRH[LVWHXQGHVDUUROORLQWHJUDOGHOFRPSRQHQWHGHUHXELFDFLyQ
GH OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD FRPR DOWHUQDWLYD DO UHWRUQR +DVWD DKRUD VH KDQ GHVDUUROODGR
DOJXQRVORVFRPSRQHQWHVGHODUHXELFDFLyQSDUDFDVRVSXQWXDOHVSULQFLSDOPHQWHDWUDYpVGH
ODHQWUHJDGHWLHUUDVSDUD HOGHVDUUROORGHSUR\HFWRV SURGXFWLYRVIUHQWHDORVFXDOHVVHKDQ
SUHVHQWDGR SUREOHPDV FRQ OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH ORV SULQFLSLRV GH YROXQWDULHGDG GLJQLGDG \
VHJXULGDG /R DQWHULRU HYLGHQFLD OD QHFHVLGDG GH DGRSWDU FRUUHFWLYRV LPSRUWDQWHV SDUD TXH
FXDQGRVHGHQORVVXSXHVWRVSDUDXQUHWRUQRRXQDUHXELFDFLyQHQFRQGLFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDG
YROXQWDULHGDG \ GLJQLGDG OD SROtWLFD HVWDWDO FXHQWH FRQ ODV KHUUDPLHQWDV QHFHVDULDV SDUD
JDUDQWL]DUODVRVWHQLELOLGDGGHOSURFHVR´
3RU VX SDUWH PHGLDQWH $XWR OD &RUWH UHLWHUy \ VXEUD\y OD
QHFHVLGDGGHDERUGDUHOWHPDGHORVHQIRTXHVGLIHUHQFLDOHVDOVHxDODUTXH³«
XQDGHODVIDOODVSURPLQHQWHVTXHVHREVHUYDHQODSROtWLFDS~EOLFDGHDWHQFLyQLQWHJUDODOD
6DOD HVSHFLDO GH VHJXLPLHQWR D OD 6HQWHQFLD 7 GH LQWHJUDGD SRU ORV
0DJLVWUDGRV -XDQ &DUORV +HQDR 3pUH] 1LOVRQ 3LQLOOD 3LQLOOD \ /XLV (UQHVWR 9DUJDV
6LOYD
29
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD HV OD WHQGHQFLD D SODQWHDU XQ WUDWDPLHQWR JHQHUDO \ XQLIRUPH SDUD
WRGDODSREODFLyQHQVLWXDFLyQGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRDOSHUFLELUDHVWDSREODFLyQFRPRXQJUXSR
KRPRJpQHRGHSHUVRQDVGHVFRQRFLHQGRODDWHQFLyQGLIHUHQFLDOTXHPHUHFHQFLHUWRVJUXSRV
GH LQGLYLGXRV TXH SRU VX HVSHFLDO FRQGLFLyQ GH YXOQHUDELOLGDG VRQ FRQVLGHUDGRV GHVGH HO
PDUFR FRQVWLWXFLRQDO FRPR VXMHWRV GH HVSHFLDO SURWHFFLyQ UHVXOWDQGR GHVSURSRUFLRQDO VX
DIHFWDFLyQ UHVSHFWR GHO UHVWR GH SREODFLyQ HQ LJXDO VLWXDFLyQ GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR (VWD
DXVHQFLDHQODDWHQFLyQGLIHUHQFLDOHQHOPDUFRGHODSROtWLFDS~EOLFDDJUDYDPiVODVLWXDFLyQ
GH YLRODFLyQ GH GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV \ VRQ OD QDFLyQ ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV \ ORV PXQLFLSLRV ORV
UHVSRQVDEOHVGHHOOR(OGLVHxRGHXQHQIRTXHGLIHUHQFLDOUHTXLHUHLGHQWLILFDUODV GLIHUHQFLDV
GHORVJUXSRVGHHVSHFLDODWHQFLyQHQUD]yQGHVXPD\RUYXOQHUDELOLGDGFRPRHQHVWHFDVR
VRQORVLQGtJHQDVSDUDGHWHUPLQDUFXiOHVGLIHUHQFLDVVRQUHOHYDQWHV\HQFDPLQDUFDPELRVHQ
OD SROtWLFD &DPELRV TXH VRQ SRVLEOHV VL VH UHDOL]D XQ HMHUFLFLR GH DQiOLVLV GRQGH VH
LGHQWLILTXHQORVYDFtRVH[LVWHQWHVHQODUHVSXHVWDHVWDWDODVtFRPRORVFDPELRVTXHGHEHQVHU
UHDOL]DGRVSDUDDMXVWDUPRGLILFDURFRPSOHPHQWDUODSROtWLFDOOHQiQGRODGHFRQWHQLGRSURSLR\
FRKHUHQWHDODDWHQFLyQGHHVWDSREODFLyQ\FRQODREOLJDFLyQGHDVHJXUDUHOJRFHHIHFWLYRGH
VXVGHUHFKRV´
$WUDYpVGHO$XWROD&RUWHXUJLyODVHQWLGDGHVWHUULWRULDOHVSDUD
TXH FRODERUDUDQ FRQ HO HMHFXWLYR QDFLRQDO HQ XQ HVTXHPD GH FRRUGLQDFLyQ
FRQODILQDOLGDGGHFRQWUDUUHVWDUODIDOHQFLDIUHQWHDOWHPDGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
HVSHFtILFDPHQWH ³LODFDUHQFLDGHYROXQWDGSROtWLFDGHORVJRELHUQRVORFDOHVSDUDSULRUL]DU
ODSUREOHPiWLFDGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGRLLODUHVLVWHQFLDLQVWLWXFLRQDOSDUDGDUDSOLFDFLyQ
DODVGLUHFWULFHVILMDGDVSRUHOJRELHUQRQDFLRQDOHQHVWDPDWHULDLLLODIDOWDGHFRQWLQXLGDGHQ
ORVSURJUDPDVGHDWHQFLyQDODSREODFLyQGHVSOD]DGDLYODVUHVWULFFLRQHVSUHVXSXHVWDOHV\
YODLQHILFLHQFLDDGPLQLVWUDWLYD´
(Q VHQWHQFLD 7 OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO HVWDEOHFH UHJODV
HQFDPLQDGDV D HVWDEOHFHU UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV GHO (VWDGR ³HQ PDWHULD GH PtQLPR
YLWDO \ GHUHFKR D OD YLYLHQGD GH OD SREODFLyQ FDPSHVLQD YtFWLPD GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR (Q
WpUPLQRVVLPSOHVODVYtFWLPDVGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGRWLHQHQHOGHUHFKRIXQGDPHQWDODOD
UHSDUDFLyQ LQWHJUDO GHO GDxR JHQHUDGR SRU HVH GHOLWR (OOR VLJQLILFD OD H[LVWHQFLD GH XQD
REOLJDFLyQHVWDWDOGHLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHODVDFFLRQHV WHQGLHQWHVDHQWUHRWURVDVSHFWRVL
FRQVHUYDUODSURSLHGDGRSRVHVLyQGHODWLHUUDWDQWRHQVXSHUVSHFWLYDMXUtGLFDFRPRIiFWLFD
LLIDFLOLWDUHOUHWRUQRDOWHUULWRULRXVXUSDGRSRUORVKHFKRVTXHPRWLYDURQHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
IRU]DGR HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG LLL JDUDQWL]DU TXH OD SREODFLyQ FDPSHVLQD
SURSLHWDULDSRVHHGRUDRWHQHGRUDGHODWLHUUDUXUDOSXHGDOOHYDUDFDERWDQWRVXH[SORWDFLyQ
HFRQyPLFD FRPR VX XVR SDUD YLYLHQGD HQ FRQGLFLRQHV FRPSDWLEOHV FRQ ORV HVWiQGDUHV
LQWHUQDFLRQDOHVSUHYLVWRVSDUDHOOR
/9DUJDV
/9DUJDV
30
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
/D
UHVWLWXFLyQ
GH
WLHUUDV
HQ
HO
PDUFR
GH
ORV
SURQXQFLDPLHQWRV GH OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO SRVWHULRUHV D
ODH[SHGLFLyQGHOD/H\GH
$KRUD ELHQ HQ OR TXH DWDxH D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH WLHUUDV \ DO UHWRUQR GH OD
SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO KD UHDOL]DGR GLIHUHQWHV
SURQXQFLDPLHQWRVFRQSRVWHULRULGDGDODH[SHGLFLyQGHOD/H\GH
&DEH SUHFLVDU HQ SULPHU OXJDU HO DOFDQFH TXH OH GLR DO FRQFHSWR GH MXVWLFLD
WUDQVLFLRQDO HQWHQGLpQGROD FRPR XQD ³LQVWLWXFLyQ MXUtGLFD D WUDYpV GH OD FXDO VH
SUHWHQGH LQWHJUDU GLYHUVRV HVIXHU]RV TXH DSOLFDQ ODV VRFLHGDGHV SDUD HQIUHQWDU ODV
FRQVHFXHQFLDV GH YLRODFLRQHV PDVLYDV \ DEXVRV JHQHUDOL]DGRV R VLVWHPiWLFRV HQ PDWHULD GH
GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV VXIULGRV HQ XQ FRQIOLFWR KDFLD XQD HWDSD FRQVWUXFWLYD GH SD] UHVSHWR
UHFRQFLOLDFLyQ \ FRQVROLGDFLyQ GH OD GHPRFUDFLD VLWXDFLRQHV GH H[FHSFLyQ IUHQWH D OR TXH
UHVXOWDUtDGHODDSOLFDFLyQGHODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVSHQDOHVFRUULHQWHV´ ,JXDOPHQWHSUHFLVy
HO FRQFHSWR GH YtFWLPD GHO FRQIOLFWR HQWHQGLGR HQ HO PDUFR GH OD
-XULVSUXGHQFLD GH OD &RUWH ,QWHUDPHULFDQD GH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV TXH
FRPSUHQGHFRPRWDOHVDORVPLHPEURVGHODIDPLOLDGHODIHFWDGRVLQHVWULFWD
OLPLWDFLyQSRUJUDGRVGHSDUHQWHVFR
$GLFLRQDOPHQWH OD &RUWH HVWUXFWXUy HO GHUHFKR GH ODV YtFWLPDV D OD YHUGDG
MXVWLFLDUHSDUDFLyQJDUDQWtDGHQRUHSHWLFLyQ\UHVWLWXFLyQORFXDOGHEHVHU
LQWHUSUHWDGRGHFRQIRUPLGDGFRQORVWUDWDGRVLQWHUQDFLRQDOHVVREUHGHUHFKRV
KXPDQRV UDWLILFDGRV SRU &RORPELD SDUWH GHO %ORTXH GH &RQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG \
VREUHODEDVHGHODGLJQLGDGKXPDQDDXQDGRDOGHEHUGHODVDXWRULGDGHVGH
JDUDQWL]DU HO JRFH HIHFWLYR GH ORV GHUHFKRV GH WRGRV ORV KDELWDQWHV GHO
WHUULWRULR
6HxDOyODFLWDGD&RUSRUDFLyQTXHGHQWURGHORVSLODUHVIXQGDPHQWDOHVGHORV
GHUHFKRV GH ODV YtFWLPDV HVWi OD UHVWLWXFLyQ ELHQ VHD MXGLFLDO SHQDO R
DGPLQLVWUDWLYD SDUD FX\R GHVDUUROOR HV LPSHULRVR KDFHU pQIDVLV HQ ORV
LQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQHVTXHSURSHQGHQSRUODSURWHFFLyQGHODVYtFWLPDV
WDOHV FRPR OD 'HFODUDFLyQ 8QLYHUVDO GH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV OD &RQYHQFLyQ
$PHULFDQD VREUH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV HO 3DFWR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH 'HUHFKRV
&LYLOHV \ 3ROtWLFRV ORV 3ULQFLSLRV VREUH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ODV YLYLHQGDV \ HO
SDWULPRQLRGHORVUHIXJLDGRV\ODVSHUVRQDVGHVSOD]DGDV3ULQFLSLRV5HFWRUHV
GHORV'HVSOD]DPLHQWRV,QWHUQRV\ORV3ULQFLSLRVVREUHOD5HVWLWXFLyQGHODV
9LYLHQGDV \ HO 3DWULPRQLR GH ORV 5HIXJLDGRV \ ODV 3HUVRQDV 'HVSOD]DGDV
&&RQVW&13LQLOOD
31
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3ULQFLSLRV 3LQKHLUR LQVWUXPHQWRV TXH SDUD OD FRUWH KDFHQ SDUWH GHO EORTXH
GHFRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDGHQVHQWLGRODWR
$O DQDOL]DU OD FRQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG GHO DUWtFXOR GH OD /H\ GH GHWHUPLQy HO RUJDQLVPR GH MXVWLFLD FRQVWLWXFLRQDO TXH HO GHUHFKR D OD
UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ORV ELHQHV D ODV YLFWLPDV HVWi OLJDGR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ORV
ELHQHV LQPXHEOHV GHVSRMDGRV XVXUSDGRV R DEDQGRQDGRV VLQ TXH VHD HO
~QLFRFRPSRQHQWHGHODUHSDUDFLyQ ³ \ WRGR DTXHOOR TXH QR VH SXHGD UHVWLWXLU D OD
YtFWLPDVHDQELHQHVLQPXHEOHVRELHQHVPXHEOHVGHEHUHSDUDUVHLJXDOPHQWHDODVYtFWLPDVD
WUDYpVGHPHGLGDVFRPSHQVDWRULDVFRPRODLQGHPQL]DFLyQPHGLGDVpVWDVTXHVHHQFXHQWUDQ
H[SUHVDPHQWHFRQWHPSODGDVSRUOD/H\GH´
(Q VHQWHQFLD & OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO SURQXQFLiQGRVH VREUH OD
H[HTXLELOLGDG GH ORV DUWtFXORV QXPHUDO LQFLVRV \ QXPHUDO \ LQFLVR LQFLVR H LQFLVR QXPHUDO \ SDUiJUDIRLQFLVRLQFLVR\SUHFLVyODSURWHFFLyQ
VREUHORVGHUHFKRVGHODVSHUVRQDVHQVLWXDFLyQGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIUHQWHDOD
SURSLHGDG LQPXHEOH \ OODPy OD DWHQFLyQ HQ FXDQWR D OD DSOLFDELOLGDG GH ORV
SULQFLSLRV VREUH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH ODV YLYLHQGDV \ HO SDWULPRQLR GH ORV
UHIXJLDGRV\ODVSHUVRQDVGHVSOD]DGDVUHVDOWDQGRTXHHQHVWRVVHFRQVDJUD
L
(O GHUHFKR GH WRGRV ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ GHVSOD]DGRV D TXH VH OHV
UHVWLWX\DQODVYLYLHQGDVODVWLHUUDV\HOSDWULPRQLRGHTXHKD\DQVLGR
SULYDGRV DUELWUDULD R LOHJDOPHQWH R D TXH VH OHV LQGHPQLFH SRU
FXDOTXLHU YLYLHQGD WLHUUD R ELHQ FX\D UHVWLWXFLyQ VHD FRQVLGHUDGD GH
KHFKRLPSRVLEOHSRUXQWULEXQDOLQGHSHQGLHQWHHLPSDUFLDO
LL
(O GHUHFKR GH WRGRV ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ GHVSOD]DGRV D UHJUHVDU
YROXQWDULDPHQWH D VXV DQWHULRUHV KRJDUHV WLHUUDV R OXJDUHV GH
UHVLGHQFLDKDELWXDOHQFRQGLFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDG\GLJQLGDG(OUHJUHVR
YROXQWDULR HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH VHJXULGDG \ GLJQLGDG GHEH IXQGDUVH HQ
XQDHOHFFLyQOLEUHLQIRUPDGDHLQGLYLGXDO6HGHEHSURSRUFLRQDUDORV
UHIXJLDGRV \ GHVSOD]DGRV LQIRUPDFLyQ FRPSOHWD REMHWLYD DFWXDOL]DGD
\ H[DFWD HQ SDUWLFXODU VREUH ODV FXHVWLRQHV UHODWLYDV D OD VHJXULGDG
ItVLFDPDWHULDO\MXUtGLFDHQVXVSDtVHVROXJDUHVGHRULJHQ
/9DUJDV
32
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
LLL
(O GHUHFKR GH WRGD SHUVRQD D TXLHQ VH KD\D SULYDGR DUELWUDULD R
LOHJDOPHQWH GH VX YLYLHQGD VXV WLHUUDV R VX SDWULPRQLR GH WHQHU OD
SRVLELOLGDG GH SUHVHQWDU XQD UHFODPDFLyQ GH UHVWLWXFLyQ R GH
LQGHPQL]DFLyQ DQWH XQ yUJDQR LQGHSHQGLHQWH H LPSDUFLDO TXH GHEH
SURQXQFLDUVH DFHUFD GH OD UHFODPDFLyQ \ QRWLILFDU VX UHVROXFLyQ DO
UHFODPDQWH /RV (VWDGRV GHEHQ YHODU SRU TXH WRGRV ORV DVSHFWRV GH
ORV SURFHGLPLHQWRV GH UHFODPDFLyQ GH UHVWLWXFLyQ LQFOXLGRV ORV
WUiPLWHVGHDSHODFLyQVHDQMXVWRVRSRUWXQRVDFFHVLEOHV\JUDWXLWRV
\ TXH HQ HOORV VH WHQJDQ HQ FXHQWD ODV FXHVWLRQHV GH HGDG \ GH
JpQHUR
LY
(O GHEHU GH ORV (VWDGRV GH JDUDQWL]DU TXH WRGRV ORV UHIXJLDGRV \
GHVSOD]DGRV FXDOTXLHUD VHD HO OXJDU HQ TXH UHVLGDQ GXUDQWH HO
SHUtRGR GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR SXHGDQ DFFHGHU D ORV SURFHGLPLHQWRV GH
UHFODPDFLyQ GH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ \D VHD HQ ORV SDtVHV GH RULJHQ HQ ORV
SDtVHV GH DVLOR R HQ ORV SDtVHV D ORV TXH KD\DQ KXLGR (VWH GHEHU
LPSOLFD OD JDUDQWtD TXH WRGDV ODV SHUVRQDV DIHFWDGDV WHQJDQ
FRQRFLPLHQWRGHORVSURFHGLPLHQWRVGHUHFODPDFLyQGHODUHVWLWXFLyQ\
TXHODLQIRUPDFLyQVREUHGLFKRVSURFHGLPLHQWRVVHSRQJDIiFLOPHQWHD
VXGLVSRVLFLyQ\DVHDHQORVSDtVHVGHRULJHQHQORVSDtVHVGHDVLORR
HQORVSDtVHVDORVTXHKD\DQKXLGR
Y
(O GHEHU GH ORV (VWDGRV GH SURFXUDU HVWDEOHFHU FHQWURV \ RILFLQDV GH
WUDPLWDFLyQ GH ODV UHFODPDFLRQHV GH UHVWLWXFLyQ HQ WRGDV ODV ]RQDV
DIHFWDGDV HQ TXH UHVLGHQ SHUVRQDV FRQ GHUHFKR D SUHVHQWDU HVDV
UHFODPDFLRQHV
YL
/RV (VWDGRV GHEHQ YHODU SRU TXH ORV XVXDULRV GH ODV YLYLHQGDV ODV
WLHUUDV R HO SDWULPRQLR LQFOXLGRV ORV DUUHQGDWDULRV WHQJDQ GHUHFKR D
SDUWLFLSDU HQ ORV SURFHGLPLHQWRV GH UHFODPDFLyQ GH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ
LQFOXVRPHGLDQWHODSUHVHQWDFLyQGHUHFODPDFLRQHVFRQMXQWDV
YLL
/RV(VWDGRVGHEHQJDUDQWL]DUODSUHVWDFLyQGHXQDDVLVWHQFLDMXUtGLFD
DGHFXDGD\GHVHUSRVLEOHJUDWXLWDDTXLHQHVGHVHHQSUHVHQWDUXQD
UHFODPDFLyQ GH UHVWLWXFLyQ (VWD DVLVWHQFLD MXUtGLFD FX\D SUHVWDFLyQ
SRGUi FRUUHU D FDUJR GH LQVWLWXFLRQHV JXEHUQDPHQWDOHV R QR
JXEHUQDPHQWDOHV QDFLRQDOHV R LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GHEHUi HVWDU H[HQWD
GHGLVFULPLQDFLyQ\VDWLVIDFHUQRUPDVDGHFXDGDVGHFDOLGDGHTXLGDG
33
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HLPSDUFLDOLGDGDILQGHTXHORVSURFHGLPLHQWRVGHUHFODPDFLyQQRVH
YHDQPHQRVFDEDGRV\
YLLL
/RV (VWDGRV GHEHQ YHODU SRUTXH WRGD GHFODUDFLyQ MXGLFLDO FXDVL
MXGLFLDO DGPLQLVWUDWLYD R FRQVXHWXGLQDULD UHODWLYD D OD SURSLHGDG
OHJtWLPDGHODVYLYLHQGDVODVWLHUUDVRHOSDWULPRQLRRDORVGHUHFKRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVYD\DDFRPSDxDGDGHPHGLGDVHQFDPLQDGDVDKDFHU
HIHFWLYRVHOUHJLVWURRODGHOLPLWDFLyQGHGLFKRVELHQHVFRPRUHTXLVLWR
SDUDJDUDQWL]DUODVHJXULGDGMXUtGLFDGHODWHQHQFLD(VWDVPHGLGDVVH
DMXVWDUiQ D ODV GLVSRVLFLRQHV GH ORV LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GH
GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV GHO GHUHFKR GH ORV UHIXJLDGRV \ GHO GHUHFKR
KXPDQLWDULR \ GH ODV QRUPDV FRQH[DV LQFOXLGR HO GHUHFKR D OD
SURWHFFLyQFRQWUDODGLVFULPLQDFLyQ
5HVSHFWRGHOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQHVWDEOHFLyGHPDQHUDFRQFUHWDOD&RUWH
HQODVHQWHQFLDDODTXHYLHQHKDFLpQGRVHUHIHUHQFLD
³L /D UHVWLWXFLyQ GHEH HQWHQGHUVH FRPR HO PHGLR SUHIHUHQWH \ SULQFLSDO SDUD OD
UHSDUDFLyQGHODVYtFWLPDVDOVHUXQHOHPHQWRHVHQFLDOGHODMXVWLFLDUHVWLWXWLYD
LL /D UHVWLWXFLyQ HV XQ GHUHFKR HQ Vt PLVPR \ HV LQGHSHQGLHQWH GH TXH VH ODV
YtFWLPDV GHVSRMDGDV XVXUSDGDV R TXH KD\DQ DEDQGRQDGR IRU]DGDPHQWH VXV
WHUULWRULRVUHWRUQHQRQRGHPDQHUDHIHFWLYD
LLL (O (VWDGR GHEH JDUDQWL]DU HO DFFHVR D XQD FRPSHQVDFLyQ R LQGHPQL]DFLyQ
DGHFXDGDSDUDDTXHOORVFDVRVHQTXHODUHVWLWXFLyQIXHUHPDWHULDOPHQWHLPSRVLEOHR
FXDQGRODYtFWLPDGHPDQHUDFRQVFLHQWH\YROXQWDULDRSWDUHSRUHOOR
LY/DVPHGLGDVGHUHVWLWXFLyQGHEHQUHVSHWDUORVGHUHFKRVGHWHUFHURVRFXSDQWHVGH
EXHQDIHTXLHQHVGHVHUQHFHVDULRSRGUiQDFFHGHUDPHGLGDVFRPSHQVDWRULDV
Y OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GHEH SURSHQGHU SRU HO UHVWDEOHFLPLHQWR SOHQR GH OD YtFWLPD \ OD
GHYROXFLyQDVXVLWXDFLyQDQWHULRUDODYLRODFLyQHQWpUPLQRVGHJDUDQWtDGHGHUHFKRV
SHUR WDPELpQ SRU OD JDUDQWtD GH QR UHSHWLFLyQ HQ FXDQWR VH WUDVIRUPHQ ODV FDXVDV
HVWUXFWXUDOHVTXHGLHURQRULJHQDOGHVSRMRXVXUSDFLyQRDEDQGRQRGHORVELHQHV
YL (Q FDVR GH QR VHU SRVLEOH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ SOHQD VH GHEHQ DGRSWDU PHGLGDV
FRPSHQVDWRULDV TXH WHQJDQ HQ FXHQWD QR VROR ORV ELHQHV PXHEOHV TXH QR VH
SXGLHURQ UHVWLWXLU VLQR WDPELpQ WRGRV ORV GHPiV ELHQHV SDUD HIHFWRV GH
LQGHPQL]DFLyQFRPRFRPSHQVDFLyQSRUORVGDxRVRFDVLRQDGRV
YLL(OGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQGHORVELHQHVGHPDQGDGHO(VWDGRXQPDQHMRLQWHJUDO
HQ HO PDUFR GHO UHVSHWR \ JDUDQWtD GH ORV GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV FRQVWLWX\HQGR XQ
HOHPHQWRIXQGDPHQWDOGHODMXVWLFLDUHWULEXWLYDVLHQGRFODUDPHQWHXQPHFDQLVPRGH
UHSDUDFLyQ\XQGHUHFKRHQVtPLVPRDXWyQRPRHLQGHSHQGLHQWH´
$VtPLVPR\HQXQHVIXHU]RLPSRUWDQWHSRUGDUOHSUHYDOHQFLDDOWHPDTXHQRV
RFXSDOD6HQWHQFLD&DERUGyHOWHPDGHOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQ
GHODVYtFWLPDVGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRLQWHUQR\ORGHILQLyFRPROD ³IDFXOWDGTXH
WLHQH OD YLFWLPD GHVSRMDGD R TXH VH KD YLVWR REOLJDGD D DEDQGRQDU GH PDQHUD IRU]DGD OD
WLHUUDSDUDH[LJLUTXHHO(VWDGROHDVHJXUHHQODPD\RUPHGLGDSRVLEOH\FRQVLGHUDQGRWRGRV
0*RQ]iOH]
34
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
ORV LQWHUHVHV FRQVWLWXFLRQDOHV UHOHYDQWHV HO GLVIUXWH GH OD SRVLFLyQ HQ OD TXH VH HQFRQWUDED
FRQDQWHULRULGDGDODEDQGRQRRDOGHVSRMR´
3DUDOD&RUWHHOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQYDGHODPDQRFRQODJDUDQWtDDOD
SURSLHGDG\DOOLEUHGHVDUUROORGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGHQODPHGLGDTXHSHUPLWH
GHFLGLUDOWLWXODUGHOGHUHFKRDVXDUELWULRODGHVWLQDFLyQTXHGHEHGDUOHORV
ELHQHVUHVWLWXLGRVORTXHFRQOOHYDTXHHVWDEOH]FDVLGHVHDFRQWLQXDURQRFRQ
ORV SUR\HFWRV GH YLGD TXH KDEtD LQLFLDGR DQWHV GH WHQHU TXH DEDQGRQDU ORV
SUHGLRV
(VWD VHQWHQFLD UHWRPDQGR OD UDWLR GHFLGHQGL GH OD VHQWHQFLD 7 GH UHFRUGyHOFDUiFWHUIXQGDPHQWDOGHOGHUHFKRDODUHVWLWXFLyQGHODVSHUVRQDV
HQ FRQGLFLyQ GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR OR TXH FRQOOHYD D TXH HO (VWDGR VHD HO
HQFDUJDGR GH SURWHJHU HO GHUHFKR D OD SURSLHGDG \ OD SRVHVLyQ GH ODV
SHUVRQDV GHVSOD]DGDV VLQ TXH SXHGDQ OLPLWDU VXV DWULEXWRV HQ FRQWUD GH ORV
LQWHUHVHVGHODYtFWLPDSRUFXDQWR ³DO QR SHUPLWLU D ODV YtFWLPDV GHO GHVSRMR HO XVR
JRFH \ OLEUH GLVSRVLFLyQ GH ODV WLHUUDV UHVWLWXLGDV VH GHVFRQRFH HO GHUHFKR D OD UHSDUDFLyQ
LQWHJUDO TXH VHJ~Q OD MXULVSUXGHQFLD FRQVWLWXFLRQDO GHEH FRQWHQHU XQ HOHPHQWR QHFHVDULR
GHUHVWLWXFLyQTXHOHSHUPLWDDODYtFWLPDGLVSRQHUOLEUHPHQWHGHVXVELHQHV(OGHUHFKRGH
SURSLHGDG HO GHUHFKR GH DFFHVR SURJUHVLYR D OD WLHUUD GH ORV WUDEDMDGRUHV DJUDULRV
FDPSHVLQRV \ OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV \ GH ORV GHVSOD]DPLHQWRV
LQWHUQRVVRQGHVFRQRFLGRVSRUHVWDQRUPD´
6LWXDFLyQ HVSHFLDO GH ODV PXMHUHV VX SURWHFFLyQ HQ HO PDUFR
GHO GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO \ OD VDOYDJXDUGLD HVSHFLDO GHO
GHUHFKRDODSURSLHGDG
/DV0XMHUHVYtFWLPDVGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRPiVTXHQLQJ~QRWURJUXSRVRFLDO
KDQ WHQLGR TXH HQIUHQWDU ODV SpUGLGDV KXPDQDV \ PDWHULDOHV SURSLDV GH HVD
FRQGLFLyQ VLWXDFLyQ H[DFHUEDGD SRU OD GLVFULPLQDFLyQ GH JpQHUR (O LQIRUPH
GHO318'VHxDODTXH ³(OLPSDFWRVREUHVXVYLGDV\ODVGHVXVIDPLOLDVHVHQRUPHSRUOR
FXDO ODV FRQGLFLRQHV HVSHFLDOHV SDUD VX PLWLJDFLyQ GHEHQ VHU FRQVLGHUDGDV HQ FXDOTXLHU
SURJUDPDLQWHJUDOGHDWHQFLyQ\HVWDELOL]DFLyQVRFLRHFRQyPLFD´
7RGRV ORV LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV \ FRQFUHWDPHQWH ORV TXH UHJXODQ
FRQIOLFWRV DUPDGRV OH GDQ D OD PXMHU OD FDWHJRUtD GH VXMHWR GH HVSHFLDO
SURWHFFLyQ KDELGD FXHQWD GH VX VLWXDFLyQ GH YXOQHUDELOLGDG GHULYDGD GHO
FRQWURO TXH ORV JUXSRV HQ FRQIOLFWR HMHUFHQ HQ OD YLGD FRWLGLDQD \ VREUH ORV
&RORPELD 5XUDO 5D]RQHV SDUD OD (VSHUDQ]D ,QIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR
+XPDQR318'&RORPELDS
35
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HVSDFLRVS~EOLFRV\SULYDGRVHQTXHHVWDVHGHVDUUROOD'HVGHHODxROD
PXMHUDGTXLULyHVSHFLDOSURWHFFLyQLQWHUQDFLRQDOHQHOPDUFRGHORVFRQIOLFWRV
DUPDGRV (O ,, &RQYHQLR GH *LQHEUD HVWDEOHFLy GH PDQHUD SXQWXDO TXH ³/DV
PXMHUHV VHUiQ WUDWDGDV FRQ WRGDV ODV FRQVLGHUDFLRQHV GHELGDV D VX VH[R´ « ³1R VRQ
OLFLWDVODVGLIHUHQFLDVGHWUDWRHQWUHORVSULVLRQHURVTXHVHEDVHQHQHOJUDGRPLOLWDUHVWDGR
GHVDOXGItVLFDRSVtTXLFDDSWLWXGHVSURIHVLRQDOHVRHOVH[RGHORVTXHGLVIUXWHQGHHOODV´
3RUVXSDUWHHQHO,9&RQYHQLRGH*LQHEUDOHRWRUJyDODPXMHUXQDPSDUR
HVSHFLDOFRQWUD ³WRGR DWHQWDGR D VX KRQRU \ HQ SDUWLFXODU FRQWUD OD YLRODFLyQ FRQWUD OD
SURVWLWXFLyQ IRU]DGD \ FRQWUD WRGR DWHQWDGR D VX SXGRU´ /D SURWHFFLyQ HVSHFLDO VH
HVWDEOHFLy FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GH ODV SUiFWLFDV DEXVLYDV TXH VH UHDOL]DURQ
GXUDQWH OD 6HJXQGD *XHUUD 0XQGLDO HQ OD FXDO OD PXMHU IXH REMHWR GH
YLRODFLRQHVXOWUDMHVPXWLODFLRQHVSURVWLWXFLyQHWF
/D SURWHFFLyQ DQWHV VHxDODGD WXYR VX RULJHQ HQ XQD 5HVROXFLyQ GHO &RQVHMR
(FRQyPLFR\6RFLDOGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDVFX\RSURSyVLWRHUDOD ³SURWHFFLyQ
GHODVPXMHUHV\GHORVQLxRVHQSHUtRGRGHXUJHQFLDRHQWLHPSRGHJXHUUDGHOXFKDSRUOD
SD]ODOLEHUDFLyQQDFLRQDO \ODLQGHSHQGHQFLD´GRFXPHQWRTXHHVFRQVLGHUDGRXQD
DPSOLDFLyQ GHO 3DFWR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH 'HUHFKRV &LYLOHV \ 3ROtWLFRV TXH QR
FRQWLHQHGLVSRVLFLRQHVHVSHFLDOHVUHODWLYDVDODPXMHU
(QGLFKRGRFXPHQWRORVSDtVHVSDUWHVHVWDEOHFLHURQODVUHJODVEiVLFDVSDUDOD
SURWHFFLyQGHODVPXMHUHV\QLxRVHQHVWDGRGHJXHUUDGHQWURGHODVFXDOHV
UHVXOWDSHUWLQHQWHUHVDOWDU
³ 6H FRQVLGHUDUiQ DFWRV FULPLQDOHV WRGDV ODV IRUPDV GH UHSUHVLyQ \ ORV
WUDWRV FUXHOHV H LQKXPDQRV GH ODV PXMHUHV \ ORV QLxRV LQFOXLGRV OD
UHFOXVLyQODWRUWXUDODVHMHFXFLRQHVODVGHWHQFLRQHVHQPDVDORVFDVWLJRV
FROHFWLYRVODGHVWUXFFLyQGHYLYLHQGDV\HOGHVDORMRIRU]RVRTXHFRPHWDQORV
EHOLJHUDQWHVHQHOFXUVRGHRSHUDFLRQHVPLOLWDUHVRHQWHUULWRULRVRFXSDGRV´
&RQHOPLVPRSURSyVLWRGHSURWHJHUDODPXMHUHQHOPDUFRGHORVFRQIOLFWRV\
GHO UHFRQRFLPLHQWR LPSOtFLWR GH VXV GHUHFKRV VH VXVFULELHURQ ORV VLJXLHQWHV
LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV D (Q HO DxR OD GHFODUDFLyQ VREUH OD
SURWHFFLyQ GH OD PXMHU \ HO QLxR HQ HVWDGRV GH HPHUJHQFLD R HQ FRQIOLFWR
DUPDGR E /D &RQYHQFLyQ VREUH OD HOLPLQDFLyQ GH WRGDV ODV IRUPDV GH
GLVFULPLQDFLyQ FRQWUD OD PXMHU &('$: GH F OD GHFODUDFLyQ VREUH OD
,,&RQYHQLRGH*LQHEUD$UW\
.5,// )UDQoRLVH /D SURWHFFLyQ D OD PXMHU HQ HO GHUHFKR LQWHUQDFLRQDO
KXPDQLWDULR 5HYLVWD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH OD &UX] 5RMD QRY (1
KWWSZZZLFUFRUJ
36
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HOLPLQDFLyQGHODYLROHQFLDFRQWUDODPXMHUϰϴGHILQLpQGRODFRPRWRGRDFWRGH
YLROHQFLDEDVDGRHQODSHUWHQHQFLDDOVH[RIHPHQLQRTXHWHQJDRSXHGDWHQHU
FRPR UHVXOWDGR XQ GDxR R VXIULPLHQWR ItVLFR VH[XDO R VLFROyJLFR SDUD OD
PXMHU DVt FRPR ODV DPHQD]DV GH WDOHV DFWRV OD FRDFFLyQ R OD SULYDFLyQ
DUELWUDULD GH OD OLEHUWDG WDQWR VL VH SURGXFHQ HQ OD YLGD S~EOLFD FRPR HQ OD
YLGD SULYDGDϰϵ G &RQYHQFLyQ ,QWHUDPHULFDQD SDUD SUHYHQLU VDQFLRQDU \
HUUDGLFDUODYLROHQFLDFRQWUDOD0XMHU&RQYHQFLyQGH%HOHP'R3DUiϱϬ
H 3URWRFROR )DFXOWDWLYR GH OD &RQYHQFLyQ VREUH OD (OLPLQDFLyQ GH WRGDV ODV
IRUPDV GH 'LVFULPLQDFLyQ FRQWUD OD 0XMHU GH ϱϭ \ I /D 'HFODUDFLyQ \
3ODWDIRUPDGH$FFLyQGH%HLMLQJGHODxRϱϮ
'HPDQHUDFRQFUHWDHQUHODFLyQFRQHOGHUHFKRDODYLYLHQGDHOFDWiORJRGH
ORV GHUHFKRV GH OD PXMHU LQFOX\H HQWUH RWURV VHJXULGDG FRQWUD DPHQD]DV
H[WHUQDV HQWRUQR VDOXGDEOH VHJXULGDG D OD WHQHQFLD KDELWDELOLGDG
DFFHVLELOLGDGDGHFXDFLyQFXOWXUDOOLEHUWDGSDUDHOHJLUUHVLGHQFLD\DVXYH]OD
SURKLELFLyQDODVDXWRULGDGHVGHUHDOL]DUGHVDORMRVIRU]DGRV
(V LPSRUWDQWH UHVDOWDU HQ HVWH DVSHFWR OD FRPSOHMD VLWXDFLyQ GH OD PXMHU
FDPSHVLQD HQ HO PDUFR GHO FRQIOLFWR FRPHQ]DQGR SRU VX VLWXDFLyQ GHVLJXDO
IUHQWH D ODV RSRUWXQLGDGHV EULQGDGDV D OD SREODFLyQ PDVFXOLQD DXQDGR D OD
VLWXDFLyQ SDUWLFXODU D OD TXH VH YH DERFDGD GH HQIUHQWDU ORV WUDXPDV
GHULYDGRV GH KHFKRV YLROHQWRV JHQHUDGRV SRU OD SpUGLGD GH VXV SDGUHV
FRPSDxHURV H KLMRV OR TXH LPSOLFD TXH DVXPDQ QXHYRV UROHV WDOHV FRPR
DGRSWDU D OD YH] OD SDWHUQLGDG \ OD PDWHUQLGDG GHMDU VX SDSHO GH PXMHU
FDPSHVLQD\HPSOHDUVHHQODFLXGDGHVSHFtILFDPHQWHHQHOSODQRGHOVHUYLFLR
GRPpVWLFR
/D &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO DO DERUGDU OD SUREOHPiWLFD GH OD PXMHU YtFWLPD GHO
FRQIOLFWRDUPDGRGHWHUPLQyHQHO$XWRGHODQHFHVLGDGGHEULQGDU
XQ HQIRTXH GLIHUHQFLDO HQ UHODFLyQ FRQ OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD
HVSHFtILFDPHQWH HQ OR TXH UHVSHFWD D ODV PXMHUHV YtFWLPDV GHO
3URFODPDGDSRUOD$VDPEOHD*HQHUDOHQVXUHVROXFLyQGHGHGLFLHPEUH
GH
'(90$UW
$GRSWDGDHOGHMXQLRGHHQODFLXGDGGH%HOHPGR3DUi%UDVLO
,QVWUXPHQWRMXUtGLFRDSUREDGRHQSRUOD$VDPEOHD*HQHUDO
$GRSWDGDV HQ OD ,9 &RQIHUHQFLD 0XQGLDO GH ODV 0XMHUHV HQ %HLMLQJ HO GH
VHSWLHPEUHGH
)ROOHWR ,QIRUPDWLYR VREUH ORV '(6& GH ODV PXMHUHV KWWSZZZHVFU
QHWRUJVLWHVGHIDXOWILOHV
37
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR D TXLHQHV OHV RWRUJy HO FDUiFWHU GH VXMHWRV GH HVSHFLDO
SURWHFFLyQ FRQVWLWXFLRQDO IUHQWH D ODV FXDOHV GHEHQ DGRSWDUVH PHGLGDV GH
GLIHUHQFLDFLyQ SRVLWLYD ³TXH DWLHQGDQ D VXV FRQGLFLRQHV GH HVSHFLDO GHELOLGDG
YXOQHUDELOLGDGHLQGHIHQVLyQ\SURSHQGDQDWUDYpVGHXQWUDWRSUHIHUHQWHSRUPDWHULDOL]DUHO
JRFHHIHFWLYRGHVXVGHUHFKRVIXQGDPHQWDOHV´
(O DXWR HQ FLWD GHWHUPLQD TXH HO (VWDGR GHEH SURSHQGHU SRU DSOLFDU ORV
LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GH SUHYHQFLyQ FRQWUD OD GLVFULPLQDFLyQ \ OD
YLROHQFLD FRQWUD OD PXMHU GHULYDGDV GHO ','+ \ GHO ',+ ³ORV FXDOHV UHVXOWDQ
GLUHFWDPHQWH DSOLFDEOHV DO SUREOHPD GH OD SUHYHQFLyQ GHO LPSDFWR GHVSURSRUFLRQDGR GHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR VREUH ODV PXMHUHV \ SURWHFFLyQ GH ORV GHUHFKRV IXQGDPHQWDOHV GH
ODV PXMHUHV HIHFWLYDPHQWH GHVSOD]DGDV SRU OD YLROHQFLD´ WDOHV FRPR OD 'HFODUDFLyQ
8QLYHUVDOGH'HUHFKRV+XPDQRVHO3DFWR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH'HUHFKRV&LYLOHV\
3ROtWLFRV OD &RQYHQFLyQ $PHULFDQD VREUH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV OD &RQYHQFLyQ
VREUHODHOLPLQDFLyQGHWRGDVODVIRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDFLyQFRQWUDODPXMHU\
OD&RQYHQFLyQLQWHUDPHULFDQDSDUDSUHYHQLUVDQFLRQDU\HUUDGLFDUODYLROHQFLD
FRQWUDODPXMHU
$VtPLVPRHO$XWRUHLWHUyODQHFHVLGDGGHDSOLFDUHQHOWUDWRGHOD
SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD ORV SULQFLSLRV UHFWRUHV DFHSWDGRV HQ HO GHUHFKR
LQWHUQDFLRQDO TXH FRQOOHYDUD LQGHIHFWLEOHPHQWH D DGRSWDU XQ HQIRTXH
GLIHUHQFLDO SDUD SUHYHQLU HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR LQWHUQR \ HO LPSDFWR
GHVSURSRUFLRQDGR TXH HO PLVPR JHQHUD SDUD ODV PXMHUHV KDFLHQGR HVSHFLDO
pQIDVLV HQ DFFLRQHV WHQGLHQWHV D SUHYHQLU OD YLROHQFLD ItVLFD R VH[XDO GH ODV
PXMHUHVHQHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRGDQGRDSOLFDFLyQGHHVWHPRGRDODUWtFXOR
GH OD &RQYHQFLyQ ,QWHUDPHULFDQD SDUD SUHYHQLU VDQFLRQDU \ HUUDGLFDU OD
YLROHQFLDFRQWUDODPXMHU
(O DXWR DOXGLGR UHVDOWy TXH HQ HO PDUFR GHO HQIRTXH GLIHUHQFLDO DSOLFDEOH
FXDQGR HVWH GH SRU PHGLR VLWXDFLRQHV GH OD YLROHQFLD FRQWUD OD PXMHU ³ODV
DXWRULGDGHV FRORPELDQDV HVWiQ HQ OD REOLJDFLyQ FRQVWLWXFLRQDO H LQWHUQDFLRQDO LPSHUDWLYD H
LQPHGLDWD GH LGHQWLILFDU \ YDORUDU ORV ULHVJRV HVSHFtILFRV D ORV TXH HVWiQ H[SXHVWDV ODV
PXMHUHV HQ HO PDUFR GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR SRU VHU pVWRV FDXVD GLUHFWD GHO LPSDFWR
GHVSURSRUFLRQDGR TXH WLHQH VREUH HOODV HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR SDUD DVt SRGHU DFWXDU GH OD
PDQHUDPiVHQpUJLFDSRVLEOHSDUDSUHYHQLUORV\SURWHJHUDVXVYtFWLPDV´
5HVDOWy OD &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO TXH HQ HO PDUFR GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR ODV
PXMHUHVVRQXQDYtFWLPDVDJXGDKDELGDFXHQWDTXHDFDXVDGHVXFRQGLFLyQ
HVWiQ ³H[SXHVWDV D ULHVJRV SDUWLFXODUHV \ YXOQHUDELOLGDGHV HVSHFtILFDV GHQWUR GHO FRQIOLFWR
DUPDGRTXHDVXYH]VRQFDXVDVGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWR\SRUORPLVPRH[SOLFDQHQVXFRQMXQWR
38
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HO LPSDFWR GHVSURSRUFLRQDGR GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR VREUH ODV PXMHUHV ±D VDEHU L HO
ULHVJR GH YLROHQFLD VH[XDO H[SORWDFLyQ VH[XDO R DEXVR VH[XDO HQ HO PDUFR GHO FRQIOLFWR
DUPDGRLLHOULHVJRGHH[SORWDFLyQRHVFODYL]DFLyQSDUDHMHUFHUODERUHVGRPpVWLFDV\UROHV
FRQVLGHUDGRV IHPHQLQRV HQ XQD VRFLHGDG FRQ UDVJRV SDWULDUFDOHV SRU SDUWH GH ORV DFWRUHV
DUPDGRVLOHJDOHVLLLHOULHVJRGHUHFOXWDPLHQWRIRU]DGRGHVXVKLMRVHKLMDVSRUORVDFWRUHV
DUPDGRV DO PDUJHQ GH OD OH\ R GH RWUR WLSR GH DPHQD]DV FRQWUD HOORV TXH VH KDFH PiV
JUDYHFXDQGRODPXMHUHVFDEH]DGHIDPLOLDLYORVULHVJRVGHULYDGRVGHOFRQWDFWRRGHODV
UHODFLRQHVIDPLOLDUHVRSHUVRQDOHVYROXQWDULDVDFFLGHQWDOHVRSUHVXQWDVFRQORVLQWHJUDQWHV
GHDOJXQRGHORVJUXSRVDUPDGRVLOHJDOHVTXHRSHUDQHQHOSDtVRFRQPLHPEURVGHOD)XHU]D
3~EOLFD SULQFLSDOPHQWH SRU VHxDODPLHQWRV R UHWDOLDFLRQHV HIHFWXDGRV D SRVWHULRUL SRU ORV
EDQGRV LOHJDOHV HQHPLJRV Y ORV ULHVJRV GHULYDGRV GH VX SHUWHQHQFLD D RUJDQL]DFLRQHV
VRFLDOHVFRPXQLWDULDVRSROtWLFDVGHPXMHUHVRGHVXVODERUHVGHOLGHUD]JR\SURPRFLyQGH
ORV GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV HQ ]RQDV DIHFWDGDV SRU HO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR YL HO ULHVJR GH
SHUVHFXFLyQ\DVHVLQDWRSRUODVHVWUDWHJLDVGHFRQWUROFRHUFLWLYRGHOFRPSRUWDPLHQWRS~EOLFR
\ SULYDGR GH ODV SHUVRQDV TXH LPSOHPHQWDQ ORV JUXSRV DUPDGRV LOHJDOHV HQ H[WHQVDV iUHDV
GHO WHUULWRULR QDFLRQDO YLL HO ULHVJR SRU HO DVHVLQDWR R GHVDSDULFLyQ GH VX SURYHHGRU
HFRQyPLFRRSRUODGHVLQWHJUDFLyQGHVXVJUXSRVIDPLOLDUHV\GHVXVUHGHVGHDSR\RPDWHULDO
\VRFLDOYLLLHOULHVJRGHVHUGHVSRMDGDVGHVXVWLHUUDV\VXSDWULPRQLRFRQPD\RUIDFLOLGDG
SRUORVDFWRUHVDUPDGRVLOHJDOHVGDGDVXSRVLFLyQKLVWyULFDDQWHODSURSLHGDGHVSHFLDOPHQWH
ODV SURSLHGDGHV LQPXHEOHV UXUDOHV L[ ORV ULHVJRV GHULYDGRV GH OD FRQGLFLyQ GH
GLVFULPLQDFLyQ \ YXOQHUDELOLGDG DFHQWXDGD GH ODV PXMHUHV LQGtJHQDV \ DIURGHVFHQGLHQWHV \
[HOULHVJRSRUODSpUGLGDRDXVHQFLDGHVXFRPSDxHURRSURYHHGRUHFRQyPLFRGXUDQWHHO
SURFHVR GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR´ ,JXDOPHQWH FRPR YtFWLPDV VREUHYLYLHQWHV GH DFWRV
YLROHQWRV VH YHQ IRU]DGDV D DVXPLU UROHV IDPLOLDUHV HFRQyPLFRV \ VRFLDOHV
GLVWLQWRVDORVDFRVWXPEUDGRVORTXHLPSOLFDVREUHOOHYDUFDUJDVPDWHULDOHV\
SVLFROyJLFDV GH QDWXUDOH]D H[WUHPD TXH QR DIHFWDQ GH LJXDO PDQHUD D ORV
KRPEUHV
/DVLWXDFLyQHVSHFLDOGHODPXMHUGHQWURGHOFRQIOLFWRKDOOHYDGRDO318'XQ
SODQ HVSHFLDO SDUD ODV PXMHUHV TXH JDUDQWLFH \ GHWHUPLQH ³UXWDV GH DFFHVR DO
ILQDQFLDPLHQWR FRQ OtQHDV HVSHFLDOHV \ FDSLWDO VHPLOOD QR UHHPEROVDEOH GH EDMRV UHFXUVRV \
GHUHFKRVGHGRPLQLRUHVWLWXFLyQOLEUHJRFH\XVRGHODWLHUUDFRQUHVSHWR\REVHUYDQFLDGH
ODVREHUDQtDDXWRQRPtD\VHJXULGDGDOLPHQWDULDGHQWURGHORVOtPLWHVGHOFRPHUFLRMXVWR«´
2WUR DVSHFWR LPSRUWDQWH D WHQHU HQ FXHQWD KDFH UHIHUHQFLD DO DFFHVR GH OD
PXMHU D OD SURSLHGDG (O LQIRUPH GHO 318' \D FLWDGR UHILHUH TXH ³GXUDQWH ORV
~OWLPRVYHLQWHDxRVVHKDSURGXFLGRXQPRGHVWRDXPHQWRHQHODFFHVRDODWLWXODULGDGGHOD
WLHUUDSRUSDUWHGHODVPXMHUHVJUDFLDVDODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHSROtWLFDVGHDGMXGLFDFLyQSDUD
HOODV \ GH WLWXODFLyQ FRQMXQWD GH SDUHMDV 1R REVWDQWH HVWDV SROtWLFDV QR KDQ WHQLGR XQ
LPSDFWRJHQHUDOTXHUHYLHUWDHOPRGHORGLVFULPLQDWRULRH[LVWHQWHUHVSHFWRGHODSURSLHGDGGH
WHQHQFLDGHODWLHUUD\RWURVUHFXUVRV´S318'
&RORPELD5XUDO5D]RQHVSDUDOD(VSHUDQ]DRSFLWS
&RORPELD5XUDO5D]RQHVSDUDOD(VSHUDQ]DRSFLWS
39
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3RUHVWDUD]yQOD/H\GHFRQVDJUDHQHO3$5žGHODUWtFXOR
TXH ³(O WtWXOR GHO ELHQ GHEHUi HQWUHJDUVH D QRPEUH GH ORV GRV FyQ\XJHV R FRPSDxHURV
SHUPDQHQWHVTXHDOPRPHQWRGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRDEDQGRQRRGHVSRMRFRKDELWDEDQDVtDO
PRPHQWRGHODHQWUHJDGHOWtWXORQRHVWiQXQLGRVSRUOH\´
(O 'HUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ HQ HO FRQWH[WR GHO FRQIOLFWR
FRORPELDQRSRUODWLHUUD
5HIRUPDDJUDULDFRORQL]DFLyQ\EDOGtRV
(QWHQGLGD OD UHIRUPD DJUDULD FRPR HO FDPELR \ OD UHHVWUXFWXUDFLyQ GHO
UpJLPHQ GH WHQHQFLD GH OD WLHUUD OD FRORQL]DFLyQ FRPR HO SURFHVR GH
WUDQVIRUPDFLyQ GH WHUULWRULRV SDUD DVHQWDPLHQWRV FRQ QXHYRV VLVWHPDV GH
SREODPLHQWR \ ORV EDOGtRV FRPR ODV WLHUUDV TXH SHUWHQHFHQ D OD QDFLyQ OD
KLVWRULD GH OD UHIRUPD DJUDULD HQ &RORPELD VHJ~Q ORV H[SHUWRV DQWHV TXH
DOFDQ]DUREMHWLYRPHQFLRQDGRDORPi[LPRDTXHKDOOHJDGRHVDODFDyWLFD
GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ORV EDOGtRV ORV FXDOHV HQ EXHQD PHGLGD WHUPLQDQ HQ PDQRV
GH ORV JUDQGHV SURSLHWDULRV $EVDOyQ 0DFKDGR HV HQIiWLFR HQ DILUPDU TXH OD
WLWXODFLyQGHEDOGtRVQRHVXQDDFWLYLGDGGHUHIRUPDDJUDULD ³\VHUHILHUHPiVD
SURJUDPDVGHFRORQL]DFLyQTXHDWLWXODFLyQGHSUHGLRVHQiUHDLQFRUSRUDGDVDODSURGXFFLyQ
0HGLDQWHHOODHO(VWDGRWUDVILHUHODSURSLHGDGGHVXVWLHUUDVDORVSDUWLFXODUHVTXHODVHVWiQ
WUDEDMDQGR´
7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD TXH HO FDVR FX\D GHFLVLyQ GHEH DWHQGHU HVWD 6DOD KDFH
UHIHUHQFLD D OD GLVSXWD VREUH XQ ELHQ EDOGtR XELFDGR HQ XQD UHJLyQ TXH
RWURUD IXHUD ]RQD GH IURQWHUD SUHWHQGLGR SRU TXLHQ HQ XQD pSRFD IXQJLy
FRPR FRORQR UHVXOWD GH OD PD\RU LPSRUWDQFLD KDFHU XQD EUHYH UHVHxD
KLVWyULFD TXH SHUPLWD LOXVWUDU HVWD UHODFLyQ HQWUH EDOGtRV FRORQL]DFLyQ \
UHIRUPDDJUDULD
6RVWLHQH HO KLVWRULDGRU 0DUFR 3DODFLRV TXH GH DFXHUGR FRQ UHFRSLODFLyQ GH
QRUPDVUHDOL]DGDSRUHO&RQVHMRGH(VWDGRHQ\FRQYROXPHQDGMXQWRD
OD0HPRULDGHO0LQLVWHULRGH,QGXVWULDVGHSXHGHDSUHFLDUVHTXHGHVGH
-LPpQH] 6RODQR $UFR 5LFDUGR 3ROtWLFD $JUDULD \ 3RVWUDFLyQ GHO &DPSHVLQDGR HQ
&RORPELD(FRH(GLFLRQHVS
0DFKDGR $EVDOyQ 8QD 0LUDGD 5HWURVSHFWLYD HQ 0LQDJULFXOWXUD DxRV
7UDQVIRUPDFLRQHVHQOD(VWUXFWXUD$JUDULD70(GLWRUHVS
40
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
QRKXERXQDxRHQTXHQRVHH[SLGLHUDOH\GHFUHWRRUHVROXFLyQVREUH
DGMXGLFDFLyQGHEDOGtRV
/RVELHQHVEDOGtRVUHPRQWDQVXWUDGLFLyQDODVWLHUUDVUHDOHQJDVGHOD&RORQLD
GXUDQWHODpSRFDGHODLQGHSHQGHQFLDFRQVWLWX\HURQLQVWUXPHQWRGHSDJRSRU
ORVVHUYLFLRVSUHVWDGRVSRUORVPLOLWDUHVHQODOXFKDOLEHUWDULDWDPELpQIXHURQ
UHFXUVR GH LQJUHVRV SDUD OD PHQJXDGDV DUFDV GH OD UHS~EOLFD QDFLHQWH \
ILQDOPHQWHLQVWUXPHQWRGHFRORQL]DFLyQFROHFWLYD
6LQ HPEDUJR GHVGH VLHPSUH HO DFFHVR D OD FDOLGDG GH SURSLHWDULRV KD VLGR
GLILFXOWRVR SDUD ORV FRORQRV TXH VH YHtDQ HQIUHQWDGRV DO GLItFLO \ FRVWRVR
VLVWHPDDGPLQLVWUDWLYR\MXGLFLDOSDUDREWHQHUODDGMXGLFDFLyQGHORVEDOGtRVR
SDUD VDQHDU ODV SURSLHGDGHV ,JXDOPHQWH HO FDPELR FRQWLQXR UHVSHFWR D OD
DGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHORVEDOGtRV\ODMXULVGLFFLyQFRPSHWHQWHSDUDDGHODQWDUORV
SURFHVRVIDYRUHFtDD³ODVHPSUHVDVODWLIXQGLVWDVGHFRORQL]DFLyQ\VXVDERJDGRV´
'HVWDFD3DODFLRVHQODREUDTXHVHYLHQHFLWDQGRTXHHOSHUtRGRFRPSUHQGLGR
HQWUHILQDOHVGHOVLJOR;,;\SULQFLSLRVGHO;;VHFDUDFWHUL]ySRUODOXFKDHQWUH
ODVHPSUHVDVFRORQL]DGRUDV\HOFRORQRSREUHORTXHIDFLOLWyODFRQFHQWUDFLyQ
GHODWLHUUDGHVWDFDQGRFRPRFDVRVQRWDEOHVORV/ODQRVGH9LOODYLFHQFLR\6DQ
0DUWtQ
6HxDOD WDPELpQ TXH OD KLVWRULD GH ODV ]RQDV GH FRORQL]DFLyQ PXHVWUD TXH OD
DVLJQDFLyQ\RFXSDFLyQGHEDOGtRV³IXHFDPSRDERQDGRSDUDHOOLWLJLROHJDO\ODGLVSXWD
SROtWLFD´ \ DxDGH ³HO DFDSDUDPLHQWR GH EDOGtRV KDFtD SDUWH GH SURFHVRV LQPLJUDWRULRV HQ
TXH ORV FDPSHVLQRV GHVSRVHtGRV HQ VXV OXJDUHV GH RULJHQ EXVFDEDQ GH QXHYR VHU
SRVHHGRUHVGHHVWHPRGRHOFRQIOLFWRSRUODWLHUUDSURVHJXtDDOPHQRVHQHVWDGRODWHQWH(V
PiV HO DFDSDUDPLHQWR GH EDOGtRV WDQ GLIHUHQFLDGR ORFDO \ UHJLRQDOPHQWH SODQWHDED XQ
SUREOHPD GH OHJLWLPDFLyQ FRPR OHJLWLPDU OD GHVSRVHVLyQ GH ORV FRORQRV \D DILQFDGRV´ DO
SXQWR GH GHVWDFDU TXH SDUD ORV UHGDFWRUHV GHO SUR\HFWR GH OH\ TXH VH
FRQYHUWLUtDHQOD/H\GH ³ORVEDOGtRVHUDQXQDSUXHEDGHODLQFDSDFLGDGGHO
(VWDGRGHWUDVSDVDUODSURSLHGDGDORVFLXGDGDQRVSDUDTXHODH[SORWDUDQ´
&RPRGHVWDFDHQRWUDGHVXVREUDVHOKLVWRULDGRU3DODFLRVGHVGHHOVLJOR;,;
OD SREUH]D KD DUURMDGR D ORV FDPSHVLQRV D ODV WLHUUDV WHPSODGDV GHO FDIp D
ORV/ODQRV\ODVVHOYDVFRQWULEX\HQGRHQFLHUWDV]RQDVFRPROD$PD]RQtD\OD
3DODFLRV 0DUFR ¢'H TXLpQ HV OD WLHUUD" 3URSLHGDG SROLWL]DFLyQ \ SURWHVWD
FDPSHVLQDHQODGpFDGDGH)RQGRGH&XOWXUD(FRQyPLFD\8QLYHUVLGDGGHORV
$QGHVS
,EtGHPS
,EtGHPS
,EtGHPS
41
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
2ULQRTXtD D OD GHVWUXFFLyQ ItVLFD \ FXOWXUDO GH ORV SXHEORV DERUtJHQHV ³6X
WUDEDMRGHLQFRUSRUDUODIURQWHUDDODHFRQRPtDQDFLRQDOUHSUHVHQWDXQDGHODVIXHQWHVPiV
LPSRUWDQWHVGHFDSLWDOL]DFLyQ6XSREUH]DHVODFDUDRFXOWDGHOSURJUHVRQDFLRQDO6XPDGDD
OD LQVHJXULGDG HV HO SUHFLR GH OD OLEUH FRPSHWHQFLD SRU OD WLHUUD HQ XQD VRFLHGDG
SURIXQGDPHQWH GHVLJXDO \ GH LQGLYLGXDOLVPR YLVFHUDO (Q ODV IURQWHUDV DJUDULDV HO (VWDGR KD
SHUPDQHFLGR\SHUPDQHFHHQYLORHOSREUHQRWLHQHOH\HVTXHOROLEHUHQGHODOLEHUWDGGHORV
IXHUWHV´
&RQILUPDORDQWHULRUHOKLVWRULDGRU\FDWHGUiWLFR+HUPHV7RYDU ³/DFRORQL]DFLyQ
GH ]RQDV DOHMDGDV GH ORV FHQWURV GH PHUFDGR KD VLGR VLHPSUH OD UHVSXHVWD GHO JRELHUQR DO
SUREOHPD GH OD WLHUUD « (V PX\ LPSRUWDQWH VHxDODU TXH OD FRORQL]DFLyQ LQWHUQD IUDFDVy
FRPR SROtWLFD JXEHUQDPHQWDO SRUTXH HOOD WHQtD FRPR SURSyVLWR IXQGDPHQWDO HYDGLU HO
SUREOHPDGHODGLVWULEXFLyQGHODWLHUUD«ODFRORQL]DFLyQPDUJLQDOFRPRORKHPRVDQRWDGR
EXVFDEDVROXFLRQDUWDPELpQXQSUREOHPDQDFLRQDOHOGHVHPSOHR´
(QWpUPLQRVGHO,QIRUPH1DFLRQDOGH'HVDUUROOR+XPDQR ³6HWRPyXQDGHFLVLyQ
PX\ FRVWRVD LPSXOVDU OD WLWXODFLyQ GH EDOGtRV DUURMDQGR D OD SHULIHULD D LQPHQVDV PDVDV
FDPSHVLQDVFRQSUR\HFWRVGHFRORQL]DFLyQGRQGHHO(VWDGRORVDEDQGRQyDVXVXHUWH´
/D /H\ GH DQWHV TXH SURFXUDU XQD UHGLVWULEXFLyQ GH OD WLHUUD
SUHWHQGLy KDFHUOD SURGXFWLYD SDUD OR FXDO HQ HO DUWtFXOR ž FRQVDJUy XQD
SUHVXQFLyQGHSURSLHGDGDIDYRUGHDTXHOORVTXHODRFXSDUDQ\ODHVWXYLHUDQ
H[SORWDQGR EDMR HVWDV FLUFXQVWDQFLDV ORV EDOGtRV SDVDEDQ D VHU SURSLHGDG
SULYDGD SHUR LJXDOPHQWH VH SRGtD DFFHGHU D OD SURSLHGDG FXDQGR VH
H[SORWDED OD SULYDGD EDMR HO FRQYHQFLPLHQWR GH WUDWDUVH GH EDOGtRV
$GLFLRQDOPHQWHVHFDVWLJDEDFRQODH[WLQFLyQODSURSLHGDGQRH[SORWDGD8Q
JUDGR PtQLPR GH UHGLVWULEXFLyQ VH DOFDQ]y PHGLDQWH SUHFLVDPHQWH OD
DGTXLVLFLyQSRUSDUWHGHO(VWDGRGHSUHGLRVHQGLVSXWDHQWUHORVSURSLHWDULRV\
FRORQRV R DUUHQGDWDULRV TXH SDUD ORV DxRV IXHURQ FDXVD GH LPSRUWDQWHV
FRQIOLFWRV VRFLDOHV /D RWUD IXHQWH GH UHGLVWULEXFLyQ IXHURQ ORV EDOGtRV SRU
FXDQWRODVH[SURSLDFLRQHVRH[WLQFLRQHVUHVXOWDURQHVFDVDV
6LQHPEDUJRHQFRQFHSWRGH3DODFLRVOD/H\GHQRSXGRUHVROYHUHO
SUREOHPDGHUHVQXOOLXVSRUFXDQWRODSUHVXQFLyQGHODUWtFXORžGHODQRUPD
HQFRPHQWR³IXHLQWHUSUHWDGDFRPRXQWULXQIRGHODPHQWDOLGDGSURSLHWDULDDEVROXWLVWD´OR
TXH KDFtD GHO WHPD GH OD WLHUUD XQ SUREOHPD VHQVLEOH GDGD VX ³GLPHQVLyQ
GHPRJUiILFD VRFLDO \ SROtWLFD´ \ IiFLO GH SROLWL]DU Pi[LPH VL VH WLHQH HQ FXHQWD
3DODFLRV 0DUFR (QWUH OD OHJLWLPLGDG \ YLROHQFLD (GLWRULDO 1RUPD
%RJRWiS
7RYDU+HUPHV(OPRYLPLHQWRFDPSHVLQRHQ&RORPELDGXUDQWHORV6LJORV;,;\;;
(GLFLRQHV/LEUHV%RJRWiS
&RORPELD 5XUDO 5D]RQHV SDUD OD (VSHUDQ]D ,QIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR
+XPDQR318'&RORPELD5HFXDGURS
42
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
TXH ³OD WLHUUD FXOWLYDGD QR HUD PiV TXH XQD IUDFFLyQ GH OD WLHUUD EDMR HO UpJLPHQ GH
SURSLHGDG SULYDGD FRQVROLGDGD HQ HO && $O QR WUDEDMDUVH OD WLHUUD WLWXODGD DXPHQWDED
SURSRUFLRQDOPHQWHODSUHVLyQFDPSHVLQDHQODVIURQWHUDVLQWHULRUHV«´
/DFRQFOXVLyQGHOHVWXGLRGH0DUFR3DODFLRVHVFRQWXQGHQWHSDUDORVHIHFWRV
TXHFRQFLWDQHOSUHVHQWHSURFHVRFRQFUHWDPHQWHHQFXDQWRDODFRQIOLFWLYLGDG
GH ORV EDOGtRV ³(Q XQ SDtV GH IURQWHUDV VH DEUHQ \ FLHUUDQ VXFHVLYDPHQWH OD /H\ GH
7LHUUDV UHIRUPD DJUDULD GHO OHJDOL]y \ OHJLWLPy XQ PRGHOR DJUDULR UHQWLVWD GH JUDQ
FRQFHQWUDFLyQ\GHVLJXDOGDGTXHWXYRGRVFRQVHFXHQFLDVLQDGYHUWLGDVDFRQVLGHUDGDODEDMD
WULEXWDFLyQ GH OD WLHUUD VHSUHPLy VX DWHVRUDPLHQWR YLVWR FRPR XQ PHGLR GH ³KDFHU SDWULD´
KDFLHQGR SDWULPRQLR E VH IRPHQWy OD YLROHQFLD UXUDO DO GHVDWDUVH XQD IHEULO FDUUHUD
HPSUHVDULDOSRUDFDSDUDUEDOGtRVHQ]RQDVJHRJUiILFDVFRQEDMDSURWHFFLyQOHJDO´
/D YLROHQFLD GH ORV DxRV UHDFWLYy HO IHQyPHQR GH OD FRORQL]DFLyQ 6L ELHQ
PXFKRV GH ORV FDPSHVLQRV GHVSOD]DGRV GH OD YLROHQFLD GH HVWH SHUtRGR VH
WUDVODGDURQ D ORV FHQWURV XUEDQRV RWURV PLOHV VH GLULJLHURQ HQ EXVFD GH
RSRUWXQLGDGHV D ODV QXHYDV IURQWHUDV DJUDULDV D ORV WHUULWRULRV EDOGtRV TXH
IXHURQGHVGHHQWRQFHVHO ³«HVFHQDULRSRUDQWRQRPDVLDGHJXHUULOODV\FRQWUDJXHULOODV
LQWHJUDGDV DPEDV SRU MyYHQHV \ DGROHVFHQWHV PyYLOHV VHPLHPSOHDGRV GHVHPSOHDGRV HQ
EXVFD GH XQD RSRUWXQLGDG $O SXQWR TXH VRVWLHQH 3DODFLRV ³3RGHPRV VXSHUSRQHU HO
PDSDGHORVIRFRVJXHUULOOHURVGHO2SyQORV/ODQRVHO6XPDSD]RGHODV)$5&\HO(/1DO
GHODVJUDQGHVFRQFHVLRQHVGHEDOGtRVGHODVHJXQGDPLWDGGHOVLJOR;,;´
/RVIUXVWUDQWHVUHVXOWDGRVGHOD/H\GH\ORVDFXFLDQWHVSUREOHPDV
VREUH OD WLHUUD OOHYDURQ HQ ORV DxRV VHVHQWD D SODQWHDU OD QHFHVLGDG GH XQD
QXHYDUHIRUPDDJUDULD(QORVSUROHJyPHQRVGHpVWD&DUORV/OHUDV5HVWUHSR
HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH SRQHQWH DQWH HO 6HQDGR GH OD TXH VHUtD OD /H\ GH
GHVWDFDEDORVVLJXLHQWHVGRVIHQyPHQRVHQUHODFLyQFRQODFRORQL]DFLyQ
VREUH EDOGtRV ³(O SULPHUR FRQVLVWH HQ TXH D SHVDU GH TXH XQ Q~PHUR FRQVLGHUDEOH GH
FDPSHVLQRV SREUHV HPSUHQGH FRORQL]DFLRQHV HVSRQWiQHDV HQ ODV WLHUUDV EDOGtDV ODV IRUPDV
GH OD JUDQ SURSLHGDG DFDEDQ SRU SUHGRPLQDU (O VHJXQGR GLFH UHIHUHQFLD D OD PDQHUD
IUHFXHQWHPHQWHSHUMXGLFLDOFRPRVHOOHYDDFDERODRFXSDFLyQGHODVQXHYDVWLHUUDVFRQXQ
GHVPRQWH LQGLVFULPLQDGR \ HQ JHQHUDO FRQ SUiFWLFDV TXH LPSOLFDQ SpUGLGDV LQJHQWHV GH
UHFXUVRVQDWXUDOHV\GHVWUXFFLyQGHORVVXHORV´
)UHQWH DO SDQRUDPD GHVFULWR FRQVLGHUDED QHFHVDULD XQD UHIRUPD OHJDO DO
UpJLPHQ GH EDOGtRV FRQ ORV VLJXLHQWHV FULWHULRV ³D GDU D ODV WLHUUDV EDOGtDV GHO
(VWDGR XQD PHMRU DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ E $GRSWDU PHGLGDV SDUD HYLWDU TXH VH IRUPHQ JUDQGHV
FRQFHQWUDFLRQHV GH SURSLHGDG SULYDGD HQ ODV WLHUUDV QXHYDV F GDU DSR\R HILFD] D ORV
SHTXHxRV FRORQRV SDUD VX HVWDEOHFLPLHQWR HQ GLFKDV WLHUUDV &RQ UHVSHFWR DO SULPHU SXQWR
3DODFLRV0DUFR¢GHTXLpQHVODWLHUUD"RSFLWS
3DODFLRV0DUFR(QWUHODOHJLWLPLGDG\YLROHQFLDRSFLWS
/OHUDV 5HVWUHSR &DUORV HQ ³7LHUUD HQVD\RV VREUH OD UHIRUPD DJUDULD HQ
&RORPELD´(GLWRULDO7HUFHU0XQGR%RJRWiS
43
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FDEHUHFRUGDUTXHKR\QLVLTXLHUDHVWiQGHELGDPHQWHLGHQWLILFDGDVODVWLHUUDVTXHSHUWHQHFHQ
DOGRPLQLRGHO(VWDGR´
(IHFWLYDPHQWH OD /H\ FRQVDJUy QRUPDV HQFDPLQDGDV D GHVDUUROODU XQD
SROtWLFD ³FRORQL]DFLRQHV GLULJLGDV´ SURFXUDQGR OD RFXSDFLyQ GH ]RQDV PDUJLQDOHV
GHOWHUULWRULRSRUSDUWHGHSREODFLyQH[FHGHQWHFRQHOFRPSURPLVRGHO(VWDGR
HQODGRWDFLyQGHVHUYLFLRVGHVDOXGHGXFDFLyQYtDV\YLYLHQGDV
$EVDOyQ0DFKDGRLGHQWLILFDWUHVSHUtRGRVGHODUHIRUPDDJUDULDGHDHO
FRPSUHQGLGRHQWUHTXHGHQRPLQDGHRUJDQL]DFLyQDGPLQLVWUDWLYD
E(OTXHYDGHDGHPDUFDGDDFFLyQUHIRUPLVWD\FD
GH GHVFHQVR GH OD DFWLYLGDG LQVWLWXFLRQDO \ SpUGLGD GH DSR\R SROtWLFD GH OD
UHIRUPD DJUDULD 6HJ~Q HVWH DXWRU VL HO FHQVR GH HVWLPDED IDPLOLDV VLQ WLHUUDV VyOR HO IDPLOLDV VH EHQHILFLDURQ GH OD
UHIRUPD DJUDULD (Q FDPELR HQ OR TXH KDFH D EDOGtRV HQ HO SHUtRGR VH WLWXODURQ KHFWiUHDV \VHRWRUJDURQ WtWXORV FRQ OR
TXHTXHGDFODURTXHODDFFLyQGHO,QFRUDVHHQFDPLQyPiVDODFRORQL]DFLyQ
TXHDODUHGLVWULEXFLyQGHODSURSLHGDGFRQODVFRQVHFXHQFLDVTXHGHHOORVH
KDQGHULYDGRSDUDHOSDtV\TXHYLVOXPEUDEDHOH[SUHVLGHQWH/OHUDV5HVWUHSR
HQODH[SRVLFLyQGHPRWLYRVGHODOH\GHUHIRUPDDJUDULDDWUiVPHQFLRQDGD\
FRQ OD SUHFLVLyQ TXH VREUH HO SDUWLFXODU UHDOL]D 0DFKDGR ³« PX\ SRFD GHO iUHD
WLWXODGDHQEDOGtRVHQWUyDHQJURVDUODRIHUWDGHSURGXFWRVDJUtFRODV\HOiUHDFXOWLYDGDSDUD
HOPHUFDGR(VGHFLUODDFFLyQGHWLWXODFLyQGHEDOGtRVQRSURGXMRFDPELRVLPSRUWDQWHVHQODV
WHQGHQFLDV\YRO~PHQHVGHODSURGXFFLyQDJUtFRODHQHOSHUtRGRUHIRUPLVWD´
/R DQWHULRU VH FRQILUPD HQ EXHQD IRUPD SRU OR GLFKR SRU HO H[SHUWR HQ HO
WHPD'DUtR)DMDUGR³«HO&RPLWp(YDOXDGRUGHVFDOLILFyDORVSURJUDPDVGHFRORQL]DFLyQ
FRPR DOWHUQDWLYDV D OD 5HIRUPD $JUDULD GDGRV ORV FRVWRV GH ORV DVHQWDPLHQWRV \ OD EDMD
FDOLGDG TXH SRU OR JHQHUDO RIUHFHQ ORV VXHORV GH ODV UHJLRQHV REMHWR GH WDOHV
GHVSOD]DPLHQWRVSHURPiVVLJQLILFDWLYRD~QHOSURSLR,1&25$DOHYDOXDUVXH[SHULHQFLDHQ
SURJUDPDVGHFRORQL]DFLyQGHVWDFDEDFyPRODVOLPLWDFLRQHVHLQFRKHUHQFLDVHQODVDFFLRQHV
GHO (VWDGR KDFLD HVWDV UHJLRQHV \ ODV SUHFDULDV FRQGLFLRQHV GH ORV FRORQRV GDEDQ SLH D OD
UHSOLFDFLyQ HQ FDGD XQD GH HOODV GHO ³FRPSOHMR ODWLIXQGLRPLQLIXQGLR´ TXH GHVSOD]DGR D
DTXHOORV GH VXV SURSLDV ]RQDV GH RULJHQ (UD XQ UHFRQRFLPLHQWR GHO FLFOR HVWUXFWXUDO GHO
ODWLIXQGLRTXHSRUGHFHQLRVKDWHQLGRVXH[SUHVLyQGHODVHWDSDVGH³FRORQL]DFLyQFRQIOLFWR
PLJUDFLyQ´YDULDVYHFHVDWUDYHVDGRDORODUJRGHHVWHHQVD\R´
$GLFLRQDOPHQWHHOLQFUHPHQWRGHODVXSHUILFLHDJUtFRODWDPSRFRFRQWULEX\yD
OD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH OD WLHUUD SXHV FRPR ORV VHxDOD HO DXWRU HQ FLWD ³«HVWH
,EtGHPS
0DFKDGR$EVDOyQ0LUDGD5HWURVSHFWLYDRSFLWS
)DMDUGR0'DUtR+DFLHQGDV&DPSHVLQRV\3ROtWLFDV$JUDULDVHQ&RORPELD
(GLWRULDO2YHMD1HJUD%RJRWiS
44
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
DXPHQWRGHODVXSHUILFLHQRHVWXYRDVRFLDGRDXQLQFUHPHQWRHQHOQ~PHURGHH[SORWDFLRQHV
ODV FXDOHV GLVPLQX\HURQ HQ XQLGDGHV (VWD SpUGLGD HQ HO Q~PHUR GH H[SORWDFLRQHV
DIHFWy FODUDPHQWH D ODV PHQRUHV GH KHFWiUHDV ODV FXDOHV UHGXMHURQ VX Q~PHUR \
VXSHUILFLHHQWUHWDQWRODVPD\RUHVGHKHFWiUHDVKDVWDKHFWiUHDVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV
D H[SORWDFLRQHV PHGLDQDV \ JUDQGHV JDQDURQ HQ Q~PHUR \ VXSHUILFLH EHQHILFLiQGRVH GH OD
H[SDQVLyQGHODIURQWHUDDJUtFRODFX\DVVXSHUILFLHVDGLFLRQDOHVVHLQFRUSRUDURQHQDJULFXOWXUD
FRPHUFLDO\JDQDGHUtDH[WHQVLYD´
(Q HO FRQRFLGR ³3DFWR GH &KLFRUDO´ DFDEy FRQ FXDOTXLHU SUHWHQVLyQ
UHGLVWULEXWLYDGHODWLHUUDSDVDQGRDKDFHUpQIDVLVHQORVWHPDVGHWHFQRORJtD
\ SURGXFWLYLGDG $ SDUWLU GH HVWH DxR QR KD\ XQD SROtWLFD GH WLHUUDV HQ ORV
SODQHVGHGHVDUUROORGHORVJRELHUQRVGHWXUQR
/DQXHYDLQLFLDWLYDGHUHIRUPDDJUDULDFRQFUHWDGDHQODOH/H\GH
GLVPLQX\y D~Q PiV OD LQWHUYHQFLyQ GHO (VWDGR OLPLWiQGRVH D GDU VXEVLGLRV D
ORVFDPSHVLQRVSDUDHODFFHVRDODWLHUUD/RVSREUHVUHVXOWDGRVVHDSUHFLDQ
HQ HOKHFKR GH TXH SDUD VyOR VH KDEtDQ GLVWULEXLGR KHFWiUHDV
GHOPLOOyQTXHVHKDEtDSXHVWRFRPRPHWDHOJRELHUQRGH(UQHVWR6DPSHU
/DFRORQL]DFLyQ\HOFRQIOLFWRSRUODWLHUUD
(O LQIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR +XPDQR GHVWDFD FRPR OD YLROHQFLD GH
PHGLDGRV GHO VLJOR ;; GLR OXJDU D XQD HWDSD GH FRORQL]DFLRQHV HQ EXHQD
SDUWHSURSLFLDGDVSRUHO(VWDGRFRPRVHH[SOLFyGHPDQHUDSUHFHGHQWHTXH
HVWLPXODURQ OD RFXSDFLyQ GH YDVWRV WHUULWRULRV HQ OD 2ULQRTXtD \ $PD]RQtD
$QWLRTXLD \ &KRFy ,JXDOPHQWH VHxDOD TXH OD IUDJLOLGDG GH ODV DFWLYLGDGHV
HFRQyPLFDV HQ HVWDV FRORQL]DFLRQHV IDFLOLWy HO LQJUHVR D ORV FLFORV GH
SURGXFFLyQ\FRPHUFLDOL]DFLyQGHPDULKXDQDKRMDGHFRFD\EDVHGHFRFD
/D UHQWDELOLGDG GH HVWDV DFWLYLGDGHV DWUDH FDPSHVLQRV GHVSOD]DGRV \
H[SXOVDGRVGHOLQWHULRUGHODIURQWHUDDJURSHFXDULDTXLHQHVVHGHGLFDQHQODV
QXHYDVWLHUUDVDODVLHPEUDGHFRFD6RQSUHFLVDPHQWHODVUHJLRQHVDLVODGDV\
GLVWDQWHV GH ORV SULQFLSDOHV FHQWURV HFRQyPLFRV FRQ SUHFDULD SUHVHQFLD GHO
(VWDGR ORV FHQWURV SULQFLSDOHV GH OD HFRQRPtD FRFDOHUD HQ HO SURFHVR GH OD
FRORQL]DFLyQDUPDGDGLULJLGRSRUODV)$5&FRQHVSHFLDODXJHHQODGpFDGDGH
ORVRFKHQWD\TXHVHJ~QDOJXQRVDXWRUHVWRGDYtDSHUVLVWHHQFLHUWDViUHDVGHO
SDtV
(O LQIRUPH DO TXH VH YLHQH KDFLHQGR UHIHUHQFLD WLSLILFD FLQFR JUXSRV GH
FRQIOLFWRV SRU OD WLHUUD GHQWUR GH ORV FXDOHV FRQVLGHUD OD 6DOD LPSRUWDQWH
-LPpQH]6RODQR$UFR5LFDUGRRSFLW3
,QIRUPH1DFLRQDOGH'HVDUUROOR+XPDQRRSFLWS
,EtGHPS
45
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GHVWDFDU SDUDORVHIHFWRVGHOSUHVHQWHIDOOR ³H < HO QXHYR \ PiV FRQWHPSRUiQHR
FRQIOLFWRHQWUHORVSURSLHWDULRVSRVHHGRUHVRFXSDQWHVGHEDOGtRV\WHQHGRUHVSRUOR
JHQHUDO FDPSHVLQRV \ PHGLDQRV SURGXFWRUHV TXH VRQ GHVSRMDGRV GH OD WLHUUD \
GHVSOD]DGRV HVSHFLDOPHQWH SRU JUXSRV DUPDGRV LOHJDOHV \ ODV pOLWHV DOLDGDV
XVDQGR OD YLROHQFLD OD FRHUFLyQ \ ODV ILJXUDV MXUtGLFDV 7DPELpQ VH LQFOX\HQ HQ HVWD
FDWHJRUtDODVSUHVLRQHV\FRPSUDVGHWLHUUDVSRUHOQDUFRWUiILFRTXHWHUPLQDQVDFDQGRGHO
FDPSR D ORV FDPSHVLQRV \ GHPiV SURSLHWDULRV GH GHUHFKRV (O SURFHVR GH FRPSUDV
PDVLYDV GH WLHUUDV OOHYDGR D FDER SRU LQYHUVLRQLVWDV D WUDYpV GHO PHUFDGR TXH FRQWLHQH
HOHPHQWRV GH SUHVLyQ DPHQD]DV \ DSURYHFKDPLHQWR GH FRQGLFLRQHV GH PHUFDGR
LQIRUPDFLyQ \ SUHFLRV DVt FRPR OD JUDQ YXOQHUDELOLGDG GH ORV SRVHHGRUHV GH
GHUHFKRVHQ]RQDVGHDOWDLQWHQVLGDGGHFRQIOLFWRHVWDPELpQSDUWHFRQVWLWXWLYDGHHVWHWLSR
GH HQIUHQWDPLHQWRV (Q HVWH FDVR LJXDOPHQWH VH SUHVHQWD FRQIOLFWLYLGDG HQWUH ORV
GHVSRMDGRV \ ORV QXHYRV SREODGRUHV TXH OOHJDQ D H[SORWDU R DSURSLDUVH GH ODV
WLHUUDV DEDQGRQDGDV R GHVSRMDGDV LPSXOVDGRV SRU JUXSRV LQWHUHVDGRV HQ PDQWHQHU HO
FRQWURO VREUH HVDV SREODFLRQHV \ ORV WHUULWRULRV GRQGH VH XELFDQ (Q HVWH ~OWLPR WLSR GH
FRQIOLFWRV VH UHODFLRQDQ ORV LQWHUHVHV SRU OD WLHUUD GH XQRV DFWRUHV FRQ ORV LQWHUHVHV SRU HO
FRQWUROGHOWHUULWRULR\ODSREODFLyQSRUSDUWHGHRWURV3RUHOORVHGDODUHODFLyQHQWUHDPERV
FRQIOLFWRV \ OD WLHUUD WHUPLQD VLHQGR XQ LQVWUXPHQWR GHO FRQWURO GHO WHUULWRULR \ SRU HQGH
REMHWRGHGHVSRMRUHVDOWDGRGHOD6DOD
5HVFDWDOD6DODGHODDQWHULRUFLWDORVVLJXLHQWHVSXQWRVTXHVRQFRPXQHVD
ODVLWXDFLyQTXHDTXtVHDQDOL]D
D&RQIOLFWRHQWUHORVSURSLHWDULRVSRVHHGRUHVRFXSDQWHVGHEDOGtRV
E'HVSRMDGRVGHODWLHUUD\GHVSOD]DGRVHVSHFLDOPHQWHSRUJUXSRVDUPDGRV
LOHJDOHV
F&RPSUDVPDVLYDVGHWLHUUDVTXHFRQWLHQHHOHPHQWRVGHSUHVLyQDPHQD]DV
\DSURYHFKDPLHQWRGHFRQGLFLRQHVGHPHUFDGR
G&RQIOLFWLYLGDGHQWUHORVGHVSRMDGRV\ORVQXHYRVSREODGRUHVTXHOOHJDQD
H[SORWDURDSURSLDUVHGHODVWLHUUDVDEDQGRQDGDVRGHVSRMDGDV
6HGHEHOODPDUWDPELpQODDWHQFLyQVREUHHOKHFKRTXHDSDUWLUGHODGpFDGD
GH VH FDPELD OD SHUVSHFWLYD HQ OD OXFKD KLVWyULFD SRU OD WLHUUD \D QR
VRQ ORV FDPSHVLQRV ORV DFWRUHV GHO FRQIOLFWR VLQR ORV GLIHUHQWHV JUXSRV
DUPDGRVLOHJDOHVFRQYLUWLpQGRVHHOFDPSHVLQRHQODYtFWLPDGHHVWHFRQIOLFWR
REOLJDGRSRUODIXHU]DGHODVFLUFXQVWDQFLDVDUHQXQFLDUDODOXFKDSRUODWLHUUD
PiVSUHRFXSDGRGHVXVREUHYLYHQFLDHQFLUFXQVWDQFLDVGHDELHUWDKRVWLOLGDG\
SUHFDULHGDG
,EtGHPS
46
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
/DVLWXDFLyQFRPHQWDGDHVGHVFULWDDVtSRUHOLQIRUPHGHO318'TXHVHYLHQH
FRPHQWDQGR
³'HVGH ORV LQLFLRV GH ORV DxRV \ KDVWD HO SUHVHQWH HO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR
LQWHUQR QR WLHQH FRPR FRUD]yQ OD OXFKD SRU OD WLHUUD HQWUH FDPSHVLQRV \
WHUUDWHQLHQWHV (VD SXJQD KLVWyULFD HV VXEVXPLGD SRU OD TXH PDQWLHQHQ FRQ ODV
SREODFLRQHV ORVDFWRUHVDUPDGRVVHxRUHVGHODJXHUUDSRUHOFRQWUROGHOWHUULWRULR
LPSXOVDGRVHQEXHQDPHGLGDSRUHOQHJRFLRGHOQDUFRWUiILFR$VXODGRVXEVLVWHQORV
GLVWLQWRV HQIUHQWDPLHQWRV SRU OD WLHUUD HQWUH GLIHUHQWHV DFWRUHV TXH WHUPLQDQ
UHODFLRQiQGRVH FRQ HO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR HQ ORV WHUULWRULRV FRQ VXV KLVWRULDV OD
LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDGWHUULWRULDO\ORVVLVWHPDVSROtWLFRV/DOXFKDSRUODWLHUUDVHFRQYLHUWH
HQ XQ SURFHVR YDULRSLQWR HQ HO TXH SDUWLFLSDQ PXFKRV DFWRUHV H LQWHUHVHV 1L ORV
SDUDPLOLWDUHVQLODVJXHUULOODVQLHO(VWDGRQLORVWHUUDWHQLHQWHVGHILHQGHQ
ORV GHUHFKRV GH SURSLHGDG GH ORV FDPSHVLQRV \ GH ORV JUXSRV pWQLFRV TXH
GHYLHQHQHQODVYLFWLPDV
$Vt OD HYROXFLyQ GHO FRQIOLFWR HQWUH JUXSRV DUPDGRV SDUDPLOLWDUHV JXHUULOOD \
QDUFRWUiILFR \ VX HQIUHQWDPLHQWR FRQ HO (VWDGR H[FHSWR HQ HO FDVR GHO
SDUDPLOLWDULVPRYDGHULYDQGRHQODOXFKDSRUHOWHUULWRULRHOFRQWUROGHODSREODFLyQ
ODFDSWXUDGHODVHQWLGDGHVS~EOLFDVORFDOHV\UHJLRQDOHVHODFFHVRDOSRGHUSROtWLFR
ODFDSWXUDGHUHQWDVGHWRGRWLSRDYLGH]GHUHQWD\HOLQYROXFUDPLHQWRDFHOHUDGRHQ
HOQHJRFLRGHOQDUFRWUiILFRGHWRGRVORVJUXSRVDOPDUJHQGHODOH\´
(QHOFRQIOLFWRVHHQFXHQWUDODFDXVDGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRFRQYHUWLGRHQXQR
GHORVSULQFLSDOHVIODJHORVGHODVRFLHGDGFRORPELDQD\TXHGHDFXHUGRFRQ
FLIUDV FRQWHQLGDV HQ HO ,QIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR +XPDQR \D
WDQWDV YHFHV FLWDGR SDUD HO SHULRGR VH GHULYDED GH DPHQD]DV
GLUHFWDVHQGHORVFDVRVGHORVFRPEDWHVHQWUHORVJUXSRVHQFRQWLHQGD
HQ GH ODV PDVDFUHV HQ\ GHO DVHVLQDWR GH DOJ~Q PLHPEUR GH OD
IDPLOLDGHODSHUVRQDGHVSOD]DGDHQ
/RDQWHULRUVLQGHMDUGHPHQFLRQDUODVSUiFWLFDVYLROHQWDVHLQWLPLGDQWHVDODV
TXHDFXGHQODVIXHU]DVLOHJDOHVHQIUHQWDGDVGHVFULWDVHQHOLQIRUPHGHO318'
³ODTXHPDGHFXOWLYRVRYLYLHQGDVODUHDOL]DFLyQGHWRPDVDUPDGDVODSUHVHQFLDGHFRQWUROHV
GH DFFHVR D ORV SXHEORV R YHUHGDV ODV SUiFWLFDV GH FRQILQDPLHQWR GH OD SREODFLyQ \ ORV
HQIUHQWDPLHQWRVHQWUHDFWRUHVDUPDGRV´
$XVHQFLDGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG\SDUDLQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG
(QORVDFiSLWHVSUHFHGHQWHVGHPDQHUDJHQHUDOL]DGDVHKDPDQLIHVWDGRTXH
ORV FRQIOLFWRV VREUH OD WLHUUD \ IHQyPHQRV FRPR HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR \ HO
GHVSRMRVHGHEHQHQEXHQDPHGLGDDODGHELOLGDGGHO(VWDGR2WUDPDQHUDGH
H[SUHVDUORVHUtDSUHGLFDQGRODIDOWDGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDGHQWHQGLGDpVWDFRPR
,EtGHPS
47
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HO FRQMXQWR GH YDORUHV VRFLDOHV QRUPDV GHUHFKRV \ RUJDQL]DFLRQHV VRFLDOHV
SURSLRVGHORVFRORPELDQRV
/D LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG FRPSUHQGH HQWUH RWURV ORV VLJXLHQWHV HOHPHQWRV D
PRQRSROLROHJtWLPRGHODIXHU]DSRUSDUWHGHO(VWDGREFRQVROLGDFLyQGHXQ
DSDUDWR EXURFUiWLFR UHODWLYDPHQWH DXWyQRPR \ FRQ FDSDFLGDG SDUD OD
UHDOL]DFLyQ GH ORV SURSyVLWRV TXH VH OH LPSRQHQ F XQ VLVWHPD GH
FRPSHWHQFLDSROtWLFDHQWUHSDUWLGRVRIDFFLRQHVGXQDVFRQGLFLRQHVPtQLPDV
GHLJXDOGDGPDWHULDO\HXQPHUFDGRGLQiPLFRTXHVHDFDSD]GHFRKHVLRQDU
VRFLDOPHQWHDODSREODFLyQ(OHPHQWRVHVWRVGHORVFXDOHVKDFDUHFLGRKDVWD
ODIHFKDHQEXHQDPHGLGDHO(VWDGRFRORPELDQR
3RUVHUGHHVSHFLDOUHOHYDQFLDSDUDHOSUHVHQWHIDOORQRVFHQWUDUHPRVHQORV
GRV SULPHURV HOHPHQWRV UHODFLRQDGRV KDFLHQGR pQIDVLV HQ FRPR ODV
GHILFLHQFLDV HQ HO PRQRSROLR GH OD IXHU]D SRU SDUWH GHO (VWDGR \ OD
LQFDSDFLGDG GH OD DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ HVWDWDO HVSHFtILFDPHQWH OD UHODFLRQDGD FRQ
HOVHFWRUDJUDULRSDUDVDFDUDGHODQWHORVFRQIOLFWRVVREUHODWLHUUDKDQOOHYDGR
DO HVWDGR GH FRVDV FX\D VROXFLyQ VH EXVFD D WUDYpV GH OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH OD
MXVWLFLDWUDQVLFLRQDOTXHDTXtQRVFRQFLWD
L(QFXDQWRDODDXVHQFLDGHXQPRQRSROLRGHODIXHU]DUHVXOWDLOXVWUDWLYRHO
DQiOLVLVGHODFDGpPLFRIUDQFpV'DQLHO3pFDXWHVWXGLRVRGHODVLWXDFLyQSROtWLFD
\VRFLDOFRORPELDQD
³'HVGHPXFKDVUHJLRQHVGH&RORPELDKDQLGRFD\HQGRSURJUHVLYDPHQWHEDMR
ODGHSHQGHQFLDGHDOJXQDGHODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVDUPDGDVJXHUULOODVQDUFRWUDILFDQWHV
SDUDPLOLWDUHV« HO GRPLQLR GH XQD JXHUULOOD VH SDUHFH PX\ SRFR DO GHO JDPRQDO GH
7UXMLOOR VDOYR TXH VH WUDWH WDPELpQ GH XQD GRPLQDFLyQ TXH UHSRVH VREUH XQ JUDGR
PiV R PHQRV IXHUWH GH FRDFFLyQ TXH LPSOLTXH XQD OHDOWDG REOLJDWRULD SRFR
FXLGDGRVDGHOGHUHFKRGHORVLQGLYLGXRV´
«FXDQGRVHWUDWDGHXQDRUJDQL]DFLyQJXHUULOOHUDVHKDFHUHIHUHQFLDSRUORJHQHUDO
DODDGKHVLyQFRQVHQWLGDGHODSREODFLyQDO³RUGHQVRFLDO´ORFDOTXHpVWDYDFUHDQGR
DVXVLVWHPDHILFD]GHMXVWLFLD\DVXVIRUPDVGHSURWHFFLyQFRQWUDORVTXHSUHWHQGHQ
GLVSXWDU VX GRPLQLR GHVGH DIXHUD (O HMHPSOR TXH VH GD JHQHUDOPHQWH HV HO GH ORV
FRORQRVTXHVHGHGLFDQDOFXOWLYRGHODGURJDORTXHUHGXFHXQSRFRHODOFDQFHGHO
UD]RQDPLHQWRSRUTXHODQHFHVLGDGGHSURWHFFLyQWUDWiQGRVHGHXQDDFWLYLGDGLOHJDO
HVLQHYLWDEOH
«(VFLHUWRTXHODSREODFLyQSXHGHHVWLPDUDPHQXGRTXHQRKD\GLIHUHQFLDPX\
VXVWDQFLDOHQWUHODREOLJDFLyQGHSOHJDUVHDODGLVFLSOLQDLPSXHVWDSRUODJXHUULOODR
FXDOTXLHURWUDRUJDQL]DFLyQDUPDGD\DTXHH[LVWtDDQWHVHQFLHUWRVPXQLFLSLRVFRQ
UHVSHFWR D ODV UHGHV SROtWLFDV WUDGLFLRQDOHV $QWH OD IDOWD GH XQD H[SHULHQFLD GH
*DUFtD 9LOOHJDV 0DXULFLR HW DO /RV (VWDGRV GHO SDtV LQVWLWXFLRQHV PXQLFLSDOHV \
UHDOLGDGHVORFDOHV&ROHFFLyQ'H-XVWLFLD
,EtGHPS
48
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FLXGDGDQtD OD SREODFLyQ QR QHFHVDULDPHQWH VH VLHQWH PROHVWD SRU ODV QRUPDV TXH
LQVWDXUDQHVWDVRUJDQL]DFLRQHV´
(Q HO LQIRUPH GHO 318' GH VH HQXQFLD HO WHPD HQ ORV VLJXLHQWHV
WpUPLQRV³(QYHUGDGHVWDPRVDQWHODSUHVHQFLDGLIHUHQFLDGDGHO(VWDGRQRFLyQDFXxDGDHQ
XQD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ DQWHULRU GHO &LQHS (O (VWDGR FDUHFH GH SOHQR PRQRSROLR GH OD FRHUFLyQ
OHJtWLPDHQEXHQDSDUWHGHOWHUULWRULRORTXHWLHQHDQWHFHGHQWHVKLVWyULFRVGHODUJRSOD]R\
DFDUUHD FRQVHFXHQFLDV VHULDV SDUD HO UpJLPHQ SROtWLFR )HUQiQ *RQ]iOH] KD VHxDODGR FyPR
HVWDVLWXDFLyQSODQWHDODSUHJXQWDVREUHHOWLSRGHSUHVHQFLDGHORVDSDUDWRVHVWDWDOHVHQHO
FRQMXQWRGHOWHUULWRULR\VREUHODVUHODFLRQHVHQWUH(VWDGR\VRFLHGDGTXHVHGDQGHPDQHUD
GLIHUHQFLDGDHQODVGLYHUVDVUHJLRQHVGHOSDtV(QODVREHUDQtDIUDJPHQWDGDHODFWRUDUPDGR
\HO(VWDGRSXHGHQHMHUFHUDXWRULGDGHQHOPLVPRWHUULWRULRLQFOXVRFRPSOHPHQWiQGRVH«´
7HyILOR9iVTXH]FLWDGR5HFXDGURLQIRUPH318'3
/DV FRQWUDGLFFLRQHV HQWUH ODV LQVWLWXFLRQHV \ ODV GLQiPLFDV LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV HQ
ORVPXQLFLSLRVDIHFWDGRVSRUHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRFRORPELDQRVHGHVFULEHQDVt
³$OOtFRQYLYHQLQVWLWXFLRQHVPRGHUQDVFRPRODGHVFHQWUDOL]DFLyQSROtWLFD\DGPLQLVWUDWLYDORV
MXHFHV PXQLFLSDOHV OD GHPRFUDFLD UHSUHVHQWDWLYD HWF SHUR WRGDV HVDV LQVWLWXFLRQHV HQ OD
SUiFWLFD HVWiQ VRPHWLGDV D ORV SRGHUHV ORFDOHV ± WHUUDWHQLHQWHV SROtWLFRV FOLHQWHOLVWDV
SDUDPLOLWDUHVQDUFRWUDILFDQWHVHWF±TXHLPSHUDQHQGLFKRVPXQLFLSLRV\DIHFWDQVHULDPHQWH
ODJDUDQWtDGHORVGHUHFKRVFLXGDGDQRV´
3DUD HO DxR HO HVSHFLDOLVWD GHO WHPD DJUDULR $EVDOyQ 0DFKDGR
UHILULpQGRVHDODVIDFHWDVGHODFXHVWLyQDJUDULDGHVWDFDEDTXHHQORSROtWLFR
³HO SUREOHPD VH FHQWUD HQ OD H[LVWHQFLD GH XQ FRQIOLFWR GH SRGHUHV HQWUH HO (VWDGR OD
JXHUULOODORVSDUDPLOLWDUHV\ORVQDUFRWUDILFDQWHVTXHH[SXOVDQSREODFLyQGHOFDPSRFRQGXFH
DOLUUHVSHWRDORVGHUHFKRVKXPDQRV\GHODYLGDGHVHVWLPXODODLQYHUVLyQSULYDGD\JHQHUD
PXHUWH \ GHVWUXFFLyQ $OOt VH H[SUHVD OD SRFD OHJLWLPLGDG GHO (VWDGR HQ HO HMHUFLFLR GHO
PRQRSROLR GH OD IXHU]D DVt FRPR OD GHELOLGDG GH OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ GH ORV SREODGRUHV UXUDOHV
SDUDHMHUFHUVXSRGHUSROtWLFR«´
/D SDUD LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG HV GHVFULWD HQ HO ,QIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR
+XPDQR&RORPELDHQORVVLJXLHQWHVWpUPLQRV
³$XQTXH QR VH DGPLWD S~EOLFDPHQWH OD SUHVHQFLD GH XQ JUXSR DUPDGR VXHOH
EHQHILFLDU D PXFKRV R DOJXQRV KDELWDQWHV GH OD ]RQD VL ELHQ VH GDQ FDVRV GH
SUHGDFLyQ SXUD \ VLPSOH HV FRP~Q TXH OD JXHUULOOD \ ORV SDUDPLOLWDUHV RIUH]FDQ
FLHUWRV VHUYLFLRV D ORV OXJDUHxRV 7DOHV VHUYLFLRV WpFQLFDPHQWH OODPDGR ELHQHV
FROHFWLYRV TXH FRPSHWH SURYHHU DO (VWDGR DXQTXH D GLIHUHQFLD GH pVWRV QR
SUHWHQGHQFREHUWXUDXQLYHUVDOQLVHEULQGDQVREUHEDVHVLPSHUVRQDOHV
3pFDXW'DQLHO9LROHQFLD\3ROtWLFDHQ&RORPELD(OHPHQWRVGHUHIOH[LyQ+RPEUH
1XHYR(GLWRUHV\8QLYHUVLGDGGHO9DOOHS
7HyILOR9iVTXH]FLWDGR5HFXDGURLQIRUPH318'RSFLWS
*DUFtD9LOOHJDV0DXULFLRHWDO/RV(VWDGRVGHOSDtV«RSFLWS
0DFKDGR$EVDOyQ/D&XHVWLyQ$JUDULDHQ&RORPELDD)LQHVGHO0LOHQLR(O$QFRUD
(GLWRUHV%RJRWiS
49
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
/D FODYH GH LQVHUFLyQ SROtWLFD H[LWRVD VHUtD HO VXPLQLVWUR GH ELHQHV FROHFWLYRV D OD
SREODFLyQFDPSHVLQDYDOHGHFLUVXSODQWDUDO(VWDGR2HQWRGRFDVRODSURYLVLyQGH
ELHQHV FROHFWLYRV ORFDOHV HV OD EDVH GH OD OHJLWLPLGDG TXH SXHGDQ WHQHU ODV
RUJDQL]DFLRQHV DUPDGDV HQ SDUWLFXODU HV VDELGR TXH SURYHHU HVWRV ELHQHV HV
FRQGLFLyQ SDUD TXH ORV FDPSHVLQRV R WHUUDWHQLHQWHV DFHSWHQ ILQDQFLDU R VHU
UHFOXWDGRVSDUDOOHYDUODJXHUUDIXHUDGHVXWHUUXxR´
'HQWURGHORVVHUYLFLRVTXHVHPHQFLRQDQHQODREUDHQFLWD\TXHGHSHQGHQ
GHO DFWRU DUPDGR FDEH GHVWDFDU VHJXULGDG UHVRQDQFLD FXOWXUDO
DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ GH MXVWLFLD PRYLOL]DFLyQ FLXGDGDQD DPSDUR GH OD LOHJDOLGDG
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD\VHUYLFLRVVRFLDOHV
LL 5HILULpQGRQRV GH PDQHUD FRQFUHWD D GHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DFLyQ GHO VHFWRU
DJUDULRHOLQIRUPHGHO318'GHOODPDODDWHQFLyQHQFXDQWRDTXHpVWH
VHFWRU VH HQFXHQWUD HQ XQ SURFHVR GH GHWHULRUR \ GHELOLGDG ³TXH GHMD PXFKDV
SUHRFXSDFLRQHV HQ PDWHULD GH SRVLELOLGDGHV GH DWHQGHU ODV P~OWLSOHV GHPDQGDV TXH VXUJHQ
GHXQDSUREOHPiWLFDUXUDOFRPSOHMD´
6REUHHOPLVPRWHPDVHxDODHOH[SHUWRHQWHPDVDJUDULRV$EVDOyQ0DFKDGR
TXH ³(OOR VH H[SUHVD HQ OD FDUHQFLD GH UHJODV GH MXHJR \ SROtWLFDV GH ODUJR SOD]R TXH
GLVPLQX\DQODLQFHUWLGXPEUHHQODLQYHUVLyQIDFLOLWHQHOGHVDUUROORGHORVPHUFDGRVDWUDYpV
GH OD GLVPLQXFLyQ GH ORV FRVWRV GH WUDQVDFFLyQ IRUWDOH]FDQ HO GHUHFKR GH SURSLHGDG \
GHWHUPLQHQQRUPDVGHFRQYLYHQFLD
´
D 8Q DVSHFWR GHILQLWLYDPHQWH LPSRUWDQWH \ FRQ LQFLGHQFLD HQ HO SUHVHQWH
IDOOR WLHQH TXH YHU FRQ OD GHELOLGDG LQVWLWXFLRQDO HQ PDWHULD FDWDVWUDO \ GH
UHJLVWUR TXH LJXDOPHQWH GHVWDFD HO LQIRUPH GHO 318' GH \ TXH
UHVXPLPRVDVt
/DV OLPLWDFLRQHV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ VREUH WHQHQFLD GH OD WLHUUD QR SHUPLWHQ
UHFRQVWUXLUVXHYROXFLyQGHVGHYDULDVGpFDGDVDWUiV
(O FDWDVWUR UXUDO WLHQH DWUDVRV VLJQLILFDWLYRV HQ PDWHULD GH DFWXDOL]DFLyQ
6HJ~Q HO PLVPR ,QVWLWXWR *HRJUiILFR $JXVWtQ &RGD]L ,*$& GH ORV SUHGLRV
UHJLVWUDGRVHQWRGRHOSDtVHQHODxRHOHVWDEDQDFWXDOL]DGRVHO
GHVDFWXDOL]DGRV\HOQRWHQtDIRUPDFLyQFDWDVWUDO,*$&
/D GHVDFWXDOL]DFLyQ GHO FDWDVWUR UXUDO TXH WLHQH H[SOLFDFLRQHV SROtWLFDV
KLVWyULFDV \ ILQDQFLHUDV HV XQ SUREOHPD QDFLRQDO TXH FXEUH D WRGRV ORV
GHSDUWDPHQWRVVLQH[FHSFLyQ
(O &RQIOLFWR &DOOHMyQ VLQ 6DOLGD ,QIRUPH 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVDUUROOR +XPDQR
&RORPELD318'3
,QIRUPH1DFLRQDOGH'HVDUUROOR+XPDQRRSFLWS
/D&XHVWLyQ$JUDULDHQ&RORPELDDILQHVGHOPLOHQLRRSFLWS
50
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
0XFKRVGHORVPXQLFLSLRVGHOSDtV\HVSHFLDOPHQWHORVPiVUXUDOHVYLYHQGH
ODV WUDQVIHUHQFLDV GHO (VWDGR QR WLHQHQ UHFXUVRV SDUD DGHODQWDU OD
DFWXDOL]DFLyQFDWDVWUDORSDUDWUDEDMDUFRQHO,*$&FRQWDOILQ3RUHVWDPLVPD
UD]yQ VXV LQJUHVRV SRU FRQFHSWR GH LPSXHVWR SUHGLDO VRQ UHGXFLGRV \ VX
FDSDFLGDGDGPLQLVWUDWLYDSDUDUHDOL]DUXQDGHFXDGRUHFDXGR\DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ
GHHVWRVUHFXUVRVHVOLPLWDGDGHPDQHUDDGLFLRQDOQRWLHQHQFRQFLHQFLDVREUH
ODLPSRUWDQFLDGHHVWRVLPSXHVWRVSDUDHOGHVDUUROORPXQLFLSDO
3HURHOLQIRUPHKDFHQRWDU ³XQD UD]yQ SROtWLFD PiV JOREDO SDUD TXH &RORPELD QRVROR
WHQJD XQ FDWDVWUR UXUDO WDQ GHVDFWXDOL]DGR \ QR GLVSRQJD GH XQ FHQVR DJURSHFXDULR GHVGH
KDFH FXDUHQWD DxRV HO SRGHU SROtWLFR GH ORV WHUUDWHQLHQWHV \ SURSLHWDULRV VREUH
UHSUHVHQWDGRV HQ ODV GLIHUHQWHV LQVWDQFLDV OHJLVODWLYDV \ QRUPDWLYDV (VRV SRGHUHV EXVFDQ
RFXOWDUODUHDOLGDGGHODHVWUXFWXUDGHWHQHQFLDGHODWLHUUDSDUDHYLWDUTXHODVRFLHGDG\HO
(VWDGRGHFLGDQFDPELDUOD(O(VWDGRFRORPELDQRSRUDFFLyQ\SRURPLVLyQKDVLGRFyPSOLFH
GH HVRV SRGHUHV \ QR KD WRPDGR GHFLVLRQHV SROtWLFDV TXH SRVLELOLWHQ HO FDPELR GH OD
GLVWULEXFLyQ\ODWHQHQFLDGHODWLHUUD´
(O SUREOHPD GH ORV DYDO~RV VH UHIOHMD WDPELpQ HQ OD H[LVWHQFLD GH XQD
GHVLJXDOGDGLPSRUWDQWHHQORVDYDO~RVSRUKHFWiUHDVHJ~QHOWDPDxRGHODV
SURSLHGDGHV /DV SURSLHGDGHV PiV SHTXHxDV WLHQHQ DYDO~RV SRU KHFWiUHD
PiVDOWRVTXHODVJUDQGHV\PHGLDQDV
'HVLJXDOGDG TXH VH DSUHFLD WDPELpQ HQ HO YDORU GH ODV XQLGDGHV DJUtFRODV
IDPLOLDUHV8$)(QHODxRXQD8$)GHPLFURIXQGLRHVWDEDDYDOXDGDHQ
PLOORQHV GH SHVRV HQ SURPHGLR XQD JUDQ SURSLHGDG HQ PLOORQHV
XQD PHGLDQD SURSLHGDG HQ PLOORQHV \ OD SHTXHxD SURSLHGDG HQ PLOORQHV
/DVGLILFXOWDGHVSDUDODFRQVHUYDFLyQGHORVWtWXORVGHSURSLHGDG\UHJLVWURGH
ODWLHUUDHQODVQRWDUtDV\RILFLQDVGHUHJLVWURVHUHPRQWDQPXFKRVDxRVDWUiV
FRPRORLOXVWUD0DUFR3DODFLRVFLWDQGRXQLQIRUPHGHO0LQLVWHULRGH,QGXVWULD
HQ HO DxR HQ HO TXH VH PDQLIHVWDED TXH ³SRU ODV UHYROXFLRQHV GHVFXLGR
GHVRUJDQL]DFLyQ \ VDTXHRV´ VH SURGXFH ³VXVWLWXFLyQ GH WtWXORV IDOVHGDGHV PXWLODFLRQHV
DPSOLDFLyQ GH OLQGHURV´
DO SXQWR TXH VHJ~Q HO KLVWRULDGRU FLWDGR SDUD HO
SUHVLGHQWH GH OD pSRFD 2OD\D +HUUHUD VH UHGXFtD D UHVROYHU ³OD SURSLHGDG GH
WHUUHQRV FXOWLYDGRV SUR DJHQWHV TXH DOHJDQ OD FDOLGDG GH FRORQRV GH WLHUUDV EDOGtDV \ TXH
RWUDVSHUVRQDVUHFODPDQFRPRGHVXSURSLHGDG´
'H PDQHUD FDWHJyULFD VRVWLHQH HO KLVWRULDGRU FLWDGR VREUH HO SDUWLFXODU ³/D
DXVHQFLD GH XQ FDWDVWUR WpFQLFR \ FRQILDEOH DVRFLDGR DO VLVWHPD UHJLVWUDO TXH JDUDQWLFH OD
,QIRUPH1DFLRQDOGH'HVDUUROOR+XPDQRRSFLWS
3DODFLRV0DUFR¢GHTXLpQHVODWLHUUD"RSFLWS
51
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
VHJXULGDG MXUtGLFD \ OD SXEOLFLGDG GH ORV WtWXORV GH SURSLHGDG UXUDO KD IDFLOLWDGR OD
FRQFHQWUDFLyQ(VWHIHQyPHQRIXHGHODPDQRGH/D9LROHQFLD\PiVUHFLHQWHPHQWHGHODV
IRUPDFLRQHV SDUDPLOLWDUHV GH OD FRUUXSFLyQ MXGLFLDO \ DGPLQLVWUDWLYD«´ \ DJUHJD ³(Q HVWH
EDLOH GH GLVIUDFHV HO ,QVWLWXWR *HRJUiILFR $JXVWtQ &RGD]]L ,*$& WUDH HO VX\R /D HQWLGDG
WLHQHHOPDQGDWRGHSURGXFLUORVPDSDVGHWRGRHOWHUULWRULRQDFLRQDO\GHUHVSRQGHUSRUHO
FDWDVWUR«GHELHUD FDXVDUQRV DODUPD HO DOWR JUDGR GH OR TXH VXDYHPHQWH SRGUtD OODPDUVH
RSDFLGDG FDWDVWUDO HQ ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GHO 0HWD &DTXHWi R 3XWXPD\R &yUGRED R 8UDEi
DQWLRTXHxR&RPRQRSXHGHFRQFHELUVHTXHTXLHQHVPDQHMDQHO(VWDGRFRORPELDQRQRKD\DQ
SHUFLELGR ORV QH[RV GH HVWD SURWXEHUDQWH IDOOD DGPLQLVWUDWLYD FRQ HO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR
HVWDUtDPRV DQWH HO IHQyPHQR GH IODJUDQWH SUHYDOHQFLD GH ³ORV GHUHFKRV ROLJiUTXLFRV GH
SURSLHGDG´
E (O RWUR DVSHFWR LPSRUWDQWH GH GHELOLGDG LQVWLWXFLRQDO GH LQFLGHQFLD
WDPELpQ HQ HVWH IDOOR KDFH UHODFLyQ DO SURFHGLPLHQWR SDUD OD WLWXODFLyQ GH
ELHQHV EDOGtRV TXH KDFH UHODFLyQ D OD JHVWLyQ DGPLQLVWUDWLYD GHO DQWLJXR
,QFRUDKR\,QFRGHU
6H FXHVWLRQD OD ULJLGH] \ OD LQHILFLHQFLD GH ORV SURFHGLPLHQWRV HVWDEOHFLGRV
HQ OD /H\ GH OD PD\RUtD GH ORV FXDOHV FRPELQDQ XQ WUiPLWH GXDO
DGPLQLVWUDWLYR \ MXGLFLDO OR TXH ORV FRPSOHML]D \ UHGXQGD HQ OD LQHILFLHQFLD
DQRWDGDODVGHFLVLRQHVDGPLQLVWUDWLYDVSXHGHQVHUIiFLOPHQWHPRGLILFDGDVOR
TXHQRVXFHGHFRQODVMXGLFLDOHVVLWXDFLyQTXHVLELHQSXHGHLPSULPLUDOJRGH
DJLOLGDGUHGXQGDHQDFWRVGHFRUUXSFLyQVHJ~QODDXWRUDFLWDGD
3RURWUDSDUWHODVPRGLILFDFLRQHVLQWURGXFLGDVHQHODxRDODVHQWLGDGHV
HVWDWDOHV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ HO DJUR DIHFWDURQ OD DGHFXDGD UHDOL]DFLyQ GH ODV
DFWLYLGDGHV TXH OHV FRPSHWHQ (O ,QFRGHU TXH GHEH DWHQGHU IXQFLRQHV TXH
DQWHV UHDOL]DEDQ FXDWUR HQWLGDGHV FRQ DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH IXQFLRQDULRV
GHEHDGHODQWDUODVDKRUDFRQ$GLFLRQDOPHQWHVyORFXHQWDFRQRILFLQDV
SDUDORVSURJUDPDVUHJLRQDOHVIUHQWHDFRQODVTXHFRQWDEDHO,QFRUD'H
DFXHUGRFRQLQIRUPHGHOD3URFXUDGXUtD*HQHUDOGHOD1DFLyQGHODxR
FLWDGRHQODREUDGHOD'HFDQDGHODIDFXOWDGGH'HUHFKRGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH
ORV$QGHVDOTXHYHQLPRVKDFLHQGRUHIHUHQFLDSDUDHODxRHQPHQFLyQFDGD
XQRGHORVHPSOHDGRVGHO,QFRGHUWHQtDHQSURPHGLRH[SHGLHQWHV
DFDUJR\FDGDXQRGHORVDERJDGRVFRQORVTXHFRQWDEDODHQWLGDG
3DUD HO DxR VHJ~Q FLWD UHDOL]DGD SRU OD 'UD $OYLDU OD 3URFXUDGXUtD
*HQHUDOGHOD1DFLyQDWULEXtDHOIUDFDVRGHODUHIRUPDDJUDULDDO,QFRGHU\VH
PHQFLRQDED TXH PLO SHWLFLRQHV GH WLHUUDV GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH
,EtGHPS
$OYLDU*DUFtD+HOHQD0iVDOOiGHOD&RQVWLWXFLyQREVWiFXORVDODIXQFLyQVRFLDOGH
OD SURSLHGDG HQ /D )XQFLyQ VRFLDO GH OD SURSLHGDG HQ ODV FRQVWLWXFLRQHV
FRORPELDQDV8QLYHUVLGDGGHORV$QGHVS
52
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
&XQGLQDPDUFD WHQtDQ DxRV VLQ VHU UHVXHOWDV RIHUWDV GH FRPSUD GH
WLHUUDV GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO &pVDU OOHYDEDQ DxR VLQ UHVSXHVWD \ HQ HO
9DOOHGHO&DXFDSURFHVRVQRKDEtDQWHQLGRUHVROXFLyQHQORV~OWLPRV
DxRV6HFLWDWDPELpQHQHOHVWXGLRDQDOL]DGRXQUHSRUWHGHO'LDULRHO7LHPSR
VHJ~Q HO FXDO OD QHJRFLDFLyQ GH XQD ILQFD GHQWUR GH XQ SURFHVR GH UHIRUPD
DJUDULD FRPSOHWDED DxRV +DFH UHIHUHQFLD HO HVFULWR LJXDOPHQWH D YDULRV
FDVRVGHFRUUXSFLyQGHQWURGHORVFXDOHVFDEHGHVWDFDUODDGMXGLFDFLyQHQHO
DxR HQ 3XHUWR :LOFKHV GH SUHGLRV HQ ]RQDV DPELHQWDOPHQWH
SURWHJLGDV D SHUVRQDV GHVFRQRFLGDV \ VLQ HO FXPSOLPLHQWR GH ORV UHTXLVLWRV
SDUDVHUDGMXGLFDWDULRV
(QHO;9,,LQIRUPHSUHVHQWDGRSRUOD3URFXUDGXUtD*HQHUDOGHOD1DFLyQHO
GH RFWXEUH GH FLWDGR SRU OD VHQWHQFLD 7 GH VH VHxDODQ ODV
VLJXLHQWHV GHILFLHQFLDV HQ ORV PHFDQLVPRV GH SURWHFFLyQ GH WLHUUDV ³L ³OD
DXVHQFLDGHXQVLVWHPDDFWXDOL]DGR\FRRUGLQDGRGHLQIRUPDFLyQSRUSDUWHGHORVRUJDQLVPRV
HVWDWDOHV HQFDUJDGRV GH FHQVDU OD WLHUUD \ GH HVWDEOHFHU ORV GLIHUHQWHV WLSRV GH UHODFLyQ
MXUtGLFDSRVLEOHV«´LL³ODIDOWDGHFRPSURPLVRLQVWLWXFLRQDOGH,1&2'(5SDUDWUDPLWDUODV
VROLFLWXGHV GH SURWHFFLyQ GH WLHUUDV KHFKD SRU OD SREODFLyQ GHVSOD]DGD´ LLL OD IDOWD GH
FODULGDGHQODDFWXDOLGDG³VREUHODFRPSHWHQFLD\HOSURFHGLPLHQWRSDUDWUDPLWDUODVPHGLGDV
GH SURWHFFLyQ GH SUHGLRV SRU OD OHQWLWXG GHO SURFHVR GH WUDQVLFLyQ \ SRU OD SUyUURJD GH ODV
FRPSHWHQFLDVDO,1&2'(5GDGDSRUHO'HFUHWRGH´LY1RH[LVWHSURWHFFLyQUHDO
GHORVSUHGLRVIUHQWHDORVFXDOHVVHVROLFLWyGLFKDPHGLGD³(QFXDQWRDODVLQFRQVLVWHQFLDV
KDOODGDV SRU OD 3*1 HQ ODV VROLFLWXGHV UHSRUWDGDV GH UXWD LQGLYLGXDO SRU HO ,1&2'(5 FRPR
FRQFOXLGDV\SDVDGDVDOD615HOGHODVPLVPDVVHHQFRQWUDEDQSURWHJLGDV6LQ
HPEDUJRHOSRUFHQWDMHGHSURWHFFLyQUHDOGLVPLQX\y\DTXH~QLFDPHQWHH[SHGLHQWHV
HVGHFLUWDQVRORHOGHOWRWDOGHVROLFLWXGHVGHSURWHFFLyQFRQWDEDQFRQDQRWDFLyQHQ
IROLR GH PDWUtFXOD DO GH RFWXEUH GH « VLWXDFLyQ TXH HV GHVFRQRFLGD SRU HO
SHWLFLRQDULRDOQRKDEHUVLGRQRWLILFDGR´
&DEHFRQFOXLUHOSUHVHQWHDFiSLWHFRQODVLJXLHQWHFRQFOXVLyQUHDOL]DGDHQHO
LQIRUPHGHO318'GH$VtSXHVODSHUVLVWHQFLDGHOLUUHVXHOWRSUREOHPDDJUDULRORV
SUREOHPDVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHVTXHGHpOVHGHULYDQ\ODVGLQiPLFDVGLIHUHQFLDGDVHQHOWLHPSR\HO
HVSDFLRGHODFRQIURQWDFLyQDUPDGDDSXQWDQDODPLVPDGLUHFFLyQ /DLQIRUPDOLGDGGHORVGHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDG
8QD GH ODV FRQVHFXHQFLDV GH OD GHVDUWLFXODGD FRORQL]DFLyQ GH ODV GLIHUHQWHV
IRUPDVGHYLROHQFLD SRUODV TXHKD DWUDYHVDGRHOSDtVHVSHFLDOPHQWHHQODV
]RQDV GH IURQWHUD DJUtFROD FRORQL]DGDV GH OD DXVHQFLD R SUHFDULHGDG GH OD
LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG HQFDUJDGD UHFRQRFHU SUHVHUYDU \ GHIHQGHU ORV GHUHFKRV
VREUHODSURSLHGDGSHURLQFDSD]GHUHVROYHUODVLWXDFLyQGHORVEDOGtRVWDO\
$OYLDU*DUFtD+HOHQD0iVDOOiGHOD&RQVWLWXFLyQ«RSFLWS
7HyILOR9iVTXH]FLWDGR5HFXDGURLQIRUPH318'RSFLW3
53
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FRPRVHGHVFULELyHQORVDFiSLWHVSUHFHGHQWHVKDVLGRODLQIRUPDOLGDGGHORV
GHUHFKRV GH SURSLHGDG TXH D VX YH] IDFLOLWD ORV SURFHVRV GH GHVSRMR
DIHFWDQGR IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH D ORV SREODGRUHV UXUDOHV (VD LQIRUPDOLGDG VH
FRQVWLWX\H DO PLVPR WLHPSR HQ REVWiFXOR SDUD OD FRQFUHFLyQ GHO GHUHFKR
IXQGDPHQWDO D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ TXH OH KD VLGR UHFRQRFLGR OHJDO \
MXULVSUXGHQFLDOPHQWH D ORV GHVSOD]DGRV YtFWLPDV GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR HQ HO
SDtV
/DLQIRUPDOLGDGGHORVGHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDG\ODSHUFHSFLyQGHORVQLYHOHV
GH VHJXULGDG DIHFWDQ D VX YH] OD LQYHUVLyQ HQ HO FDPSR DO FRQGLFLRQDU HO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWR GH ORV FDPSHVLQRV LQFOLQiQGRORV SRU ORV FXOWLYRV LOtFLWRV TXH
JHQHUDQ LPSRUWDQWHV UHWRUQRV HQ FRUWR SOD]R VLQ LQFXUULU HQ JUDQGHV FRVWRV
SDUD OD SURGXFFLyQ R SDUD OD FRPHUFLDOL]DFLyQ DVSHFWRV pVWRV TXH VH
FRQVWLWX\HQHQXQYHUGDGHURFXHOORGHERWHOODFXDQGRVHWUDWDGHODDFWLYLGDG
DJUtFROD OtFLWD HQ ]RQDV GH IURQWHUD /D VLWXDFLyQ GHVFULWD HVWLPXOD OD
LQIRUPDOLGDG GH OD SURSLHGDG GDQGR OXJDU DVt D XQ FtUFXOR YLFLRVR GH GLItFLO
VROXFLyQ
'H DFXHUGR FRQ HO LQIRUPH GHO 318' GHO DxR OD IRUPDOLGDG GH ORV
GHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDGWLHQHXQDUHODFLyQLQYHUVDFRQHOQ~PHURGHDWDTXHV
GHODJXHUULOODGHODV)$5&\FRQODLQWHQVLGDGGHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRGHORTXH
VH LQILHUH WDPELpQ FRPR VH KD GHVWDFDGR HQ RWUR HVWXGLR TXH QR HV OD
LQWHQVLGDGGHODYLROHQFLDODTXHGDOXJDUDODFRQFHQWUDFLyQGHODSURSLHGDG
VLQRTXHHVWHIHQyPHQRVHSURGXFHXQDYH]VHKDFRQVROLGDGRHOGRPLQLRGHO
WHUULWRULR /R TXH VLJQLILFD TXH HO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR MXQWR FRQ ORV RWURV
IDFWRUHV \D GHVFULWRV JHQHUDQ LQIRUPDOLGDG \ SURSLFLDQ HO DEDQGRQR \ HO
GHVSRMRGHODVWLHUUDV
(O KLVWRULDGRU 0DUFR 3DODFLRV OR H[SOLFD HQ ORV VLJXLHQWHV WpUPLQRV ³(Q PLV
WUDEDMRV GHO FDIp SRU HMHPSOR PRVWUp TXH HQ HVRV PDVLYRV \ SURORQJDGRV SURFHVRV
FRORQL]DGRUHV FRPR OD ³FRORQL]DFLyQ DQWLRTXHxD´ ORV JUXSRV FDPSHVLQRV FRQ OLEUH
DFFHVRDODWLHUUDDVHJXUDURQIiFWLFDPHQWHVXVGHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDGGHODWLHUUD
$TXt SRGHPRV HVWDU IUHQWH D OD SRVHVLyQ HQ HO VHQWLGR GHO && R TXL]i GHEHPRV DSHODU DO
FRQFHSWR GH SURSLHGDG H[WUDOHJDO GHVDUUROODGR HQ HO SUR\HFWR GH SOXUDOLVPR MXUtGLFR HQ OD
8QLYHUVLGDGGHORV$QGHV«´
*DUFtD 6iQFKH] 0LJXHO HW DO ³(YROXFLyQ UHFLHQWH GH OD FRQFHQWUDFLyQ GH OD
SURSLHGDG GH OD 7LHUUD HQ &RORPELD HQWUH OD LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG \ OD JXHUUD 8QD
H[SOLFDFLyQDQLYHOPXQLFLSDOHQ³/RV(VWDGRVGHO3DtV´RSFLWS
¢'HTXLpQHVODWLHUUD"RSFLWS
54
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
/RVGHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDGVRQXQDGHODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVPiVVLJQLILFDWLYDVGHO
FDSLWDOLVPR \ VX IRUPDOL]DFLyQ D\XGD D IRUWDOHFHU HO (VWDGR \ HVWDELOL]DU ODV
VRFLHGDGHVUXUDOHVS318'
3UHVHQFLD JXHUULOOHUD HQ HO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD \
FRQFUHWDPHQWHHQ$OWR7LOODYiSDUDHOSHUtRGR
+DELGD FXHQWD TXH OD VROLFLWXG GH UHVWLWXFLyQ TXH RFXSD D HVWD 6DOD KDFH
UHIHUHQFLDDVLWXDFLRQHVGHGHVSRMRTXHLQYROXFUDQDOJUXSRJXHUULOOHURGHODV
)$5& UHVXOWD GH OD PD\RU LPSRUWDQFLD HQ HO FRQWH[WR GH SDUD
LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG SUHYLDPHQWH DQDOL]DGR GRFXPHQWDU GH PDQHUDV VXFLQWD OD
SUHVHQFLD GH HVWH JUXSR JXHUULOOHUR HQ DOJXQDV ]RQDV GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO
0HWD SDUD OD pSRFD \ HQ FLUFXQVWDQFLDV TXH VH HQFXHQWUDQ DSOLFDEOHV DO
SUHVHQWHFDVR
8QD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ UHDOL]DGD VREUH HO SDUWLFXODU GHVFULEH DVt OD SUHVHQFLD GHO
JUXSRVXEYHUVLYRPHQFLRQDGRHQODUHJLyQGHO$ULDULHQHO0HWD
³/DUHDOLGDGGHHVWHDYDQFHVHRFXOWDEDEDVWDQWHELHQDODVDXWRULGDGHVORFDOHV\DOD
YLVWDGHOD3ROLFtD\GHO(MpUFLWRFX\RVPDQGRVLJQRUDEDQODGLPHQVLyQGHODDPHQD]D
TXHUHSUHVHQWDEDODJXHUULOODHQpVWHWHUULWRULR(UDPXFKRPiVREYLRHOGLQDPLVPR
HFRQyPLFR SURPRYLGR SRU HO FXOWLYR \ SURFHVDPLHQWR EiVLFR GH OD KRMD GH FRFD (Q
RSLQLyQ GH HVWRV PLVPRV REVHUYDGRUHV SRU DTXHOORV DxRV OD SUHVHQFLD GH XQLGDGHV
GHODV)DUFHQODVYHUHGDV³HUDSDUWHGHOSDLVDMH´(Op[LWRGHHVWHFDPXIODMHVRFLDO\
SROtWLFRIXHFODYHHQVXVREMHWLYRVGHH[SDQVLyQHQXQPRPHQWRFXDQGR
ORVJUXSRVSDUDPLOLWDUHVEDMDURQODJXDUGLDDQWHODSHUVHFXFLyQTXHVXIUtDQORVMHIHV
GHO QDUFRWUiILFR HQ GLVWLQWRV OXJDUHV GHO SDtV (Q HIHFWR OD PXHUWH GH *RQ]DOR
5RGUtJXH] *DFKD ODV GLSXWDV HQWUH HVPHUDOGHURV UHFXpUGHVH OD PXHUWH GH *LOEHUWR
0ROLQD \ OD SHUVHFXFLyQ GH 9tFWRU &DUUDQ]D \ OD GHVDUWLFXODFLyQ GHO GHQRPLQDGR
FDUWHO GH 0HGHOOtQ GLHURQ XQ UHVSLUR D OD JXHUULOOD HQ HVWD UHJLyQ GHO SDtV (VWR
SHUPLWLy TXH ORV SODQHV GH OD RFWDYD FRQIHUHQFLD JXHUULOOHUD FHOHEUDGD HQ
FHUFDQtDV GH OD 8ULEH VH SXVLHUDQ HQ PDUFKD GH IRUPD PiV H[SHGLWD 7DQWR OD
SUHVLyQ SDUDPLOLWDU FRPR OD SUHVHQFLD GH LQWHUPHGLDULRV GH DTXHOORV FDSRV HQ HO
QHJRFLR GH FRPSUD \ YHQWD GH EDVH GH FRFD EDMDURQ VX SHUILO (Q FRQVHFXHQFLD
DOJXQRVIUHQWHVGHODJXHUULOOD\DOFDQ]DURQQRWRULR
FUHFLPLHQWRSROtWLFRPLOLWDU´
'HEHDGYHUWLUVHTXHQRREVWDQWHQRSHUWHQHFHUHOPXQLFLSLRGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ
D OD UHJLyQ GHO $ULDUL GH DFXHUGR FRQ OD UHJLRQDOL]DFLyQ HIHFWXDGD SRU HO
*REHUQDFLyQ GHO 0HWD HQ HO LQIRUPH UHPLWLGR D HVWD &RUSRUDFLyQ OD
XELFDFLyQGHODYHUHGD$OWR7LOODYiDOVXUGHOPXQLFLSLRKDFHQTXHVXWLSRORJtD
GH YLROHQFLD WHQJD PD\RUHV VLPLOLWXGHV FRQ ODV UHJLRQHV GHO VXU GHO
'HSDUWDPHQWR
*XWLpUUH] /HPXV 2PDU -DLPH ³(O $ULDUL HQWUH OD LQWHJUDFLyQ \ OD YLROHQFLD´ HQ
³&RQIOLFWR\7HUULWRULRHQHO2ULHQWH&RORPELDQR(GHFRIL&LQHS%RJRWiS
³3ODQ GH DFFLyQ GHSDUWDPHQWDO SDUD OD SUHYHQFLyQ DWHQFLyQ DVLVWHQFLD \
UHSDUDFLyQLQWHJUDODODVYtFWLPDVGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRHQHO'HSDUWDPHQWRGHO0HWD´
55
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
5(*,Ï1
$/72
7,//$9È
$OUHVSHFWRGLFHHOLQIRUPHGHOD*REHUQDFLyQGHO0HWD ³3DUDHQWHQGHUODUHDOLGDG
GHODYLROHQFLD\ODFRQIURQWDFLyQDUPDGDHQHO0HWDHV~WLOFDSWDUSRUVHSDUDGRODVGLQiPLFDV
GHSRUXQODGRODVFXHQFDVGHO$ULDUL\HO*XDYLDUH\SRUHORWURHO8StD\HO0DQDFDFtDV/D
OtQHD GLYLVRULD KD VLGR HO UtR $ULDUL D OD L]TXLHUGD GHO FXDO VH GHILQH OD VHUUDQtD GH /D
0DFDUHQDFXHQFDGHO$ULDUL]RQDGRQGHVHDVHQWDURQODV)$5&GHVGHORVDxRVVHVHQWD(Q
HVHQFLD HVWD ]RQD IXH FRORQL]DGD UHFLHQWHPHQWH VREUH WRGR GHVGH OD VHJXQGD PLWDG GHO
VLJOR ;; \ HQ HOOD KD KDELGR FXOWLYRV GH FRFD GHVGH ORV DxRV RFKHQWD FRQ PiV R PHQRV
LQWHQVLGDGGHSHQGLHQGRGHOHVSDFLRGHTXHVHWUDWH8QDVLWXDFLyQSDUHFLGDVHFRQILJXUyHQ
ODFXHQFDGHO*XDYLDUHFRQWLQXDFLyQGHODGHO$ULDUL´
6HxDODHOPLVPRLQIRUPHTXHHQORVDxRVRFKHQWDVHSURGXMRXQDH[SDQVLyQ
VLJQLILFDWLYDGHODVJXHUULOODVJUDFLDVDODHFRQRPtDGHODFRFDHVSHFLDOPHQWH
HQODVFXHQFDVGHO$ULDUL\HO*XDYLDUH\PiVDGHODQWHHQODVGHO,QtULGD\HO
9LFKDGD(OGRPLQLRGHODV)$5&VHH[WHQGtDGHVGH/D8ULEH\OOHJDEDKDVWD
ODIURQWHUDFRQ9HQH]XHOD
&RQVLGHUDHOLQIRUPHHQFRPHQWRTXHHODxRIXHHOSXQWRFXOPLQDQWHHQ
HOFUHFLPLHQWRGHODV)$5&(3³(QORVYHLQWHDWUHLQWDDxRVDQWHULRUHVODDJUXSDFLyQ
KDEtDORJUDGRHVWUXFWXUDUORVIUHQWHV\HVWR
VLQWHQHUHQFXHQWDODRUJDQL]DFLyQGHXQLGDGHV\EORTXHVPyYLOHV8QRVIUHQWHVWHQtDQXQD
YRFDFLyQILQDQFLHUD\VHHVSHFLDOL]DURQHQODHFRQRPtDGHODFRFDORVIUHQWHV\
DUWLFXODGRV SRU HO IUHQWH EDMR HO PDQGR GH 7RPiV 0HGLQD &DUDFDV DOLDV (O 1HJUR
$FDFLR
/RVGHPiVIUHQWHVTXHVHFRQFHQWUDURQHQODVHUUDQtDGH/D0DFDUHQDWHQtDQXQD
,EtGHPS
56
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
YRFDFLyQPLOLWDUVHHQFDUJDEDQGHSURWHJHUHO(VWDGR0D\RUGHO%ORTXH2ULHQWDO(0%2\HO
6HFUHWDULDGR\XQDGHVXVPLVLRQHVHUDSUR\HFWDUVHVREUH%RJRWi´
(O DQWHULRU UHFXHQWR FRLQFLGH FRQ OD LQIRUPDFLyQ REWHQLGD HQ OD ³FDUWRJUDItD
VRFLDO´DGHODQWDGDSRUOD8$(*57'HQHODxR'HODPLVPDVHGHVSUHQGH
TXHODVLHPEUHGHFRFDHQODYHUHGDVHLQLFLDHQHODxR\TXHODJXHUULOOD
HPSLH]D D VHU VX SUHVHQFLD HQ (Q HO DxR FRQ HO DSR\R GH OD
JXHUULOODVHFUHDODDFFLyQFRPXQDO/DSUHVHQFLDGHOHMpUFLWRHQOD]RQDVyOR
VH UHSRUWD KDVWD DxR HQ HO TXH HV HPERVFDGR SRU OD JXHUULOOD \ VH
LQIRUPD GH VROGDGRV PXHUWRV 3DUD ORV DxRV ± VH PHQFLRQDQ
DVHVLQDWRV GH SHUVRQDV SRU VLPSDWL]DQWHV GH OD JXHUULOOD R SRU DSR\DU HO
HMpUFLWR\HQIUHQWDPLHQWRVHQWUHHVWRV
,JXDOPHQWH GH ORV WHVWLPRQLRV H LQWHUURJDWRULRV REWHQLGRV HQ HO SURFHVR R
WUDVODGDGRV D pVWH SURYHQLHQWHV GH RWURV H[SHGLHQWHV VH SXHGH DSUHFLDU OD
SUHVHQFLD LQIOXHQFLD \ SUHSRQGHUDQFLD GH OD JXHUULOOD SDUD OD pSRFD GH ORV
KHFKRVTXHVRQREMHWRGHHVWDVROLFLWXG9HDPRV
D7HVWLPRQLRWUDVODGDGRGH*LOEHUWR6RWR5RGUtJXH]
0DQLILHVWDTXHOOHJyD7LOODYiHQ\DILUPDTXHSDUDODpSRFDWRGRVORV
SREODGRUHV GH OD ]RQD LQFOXLGR pO YLYtDQ GH OD FRFD 3UHJXQWDGR SRU FXDOHV
HUDQORVPRWLYRVSRUORVTXHVHGLFDEDQDGLFKRFXOWLYRUHVSRQGLy ³SRUTXHQR
KDEtDPiVRWUDDFWLYLGDGTXHXQRYLHUDTXHWXYLHUDIRUPDVGHFXOWLYDURGHRWURFXOWLYRTXH
ORUHHPSOD]DUDSDUDXQRVDOLUDGHODQWH´,QWHUURJDGRVREUHTXLpQ\FyPRFRQWURODED
ORVFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRVGHFRFDHQODUHJLyQSDUDODpSRFDDILUPyTXHODJXHUULOOD
TXH OR FRPSUDED WRGR OR TXH VH SURGXFtD &RPHQWD TXH IXH PLHPEUR
GLUHFWLYR GH OD MXQWD GH DFFLyQ FRPXQDO GH 7LOODYi GHVGH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
KDVWDHO\TXHGXUDQWHHVHSHUtRGRRSHUDURQHQOD]RQDHOIUHQWH
GH ODJXHUULOOD\ORVSDUDPLOLWDUHVORV³FDUUDQFHURV´3UHJXQWDGRVREUHVL
OD JXHUULOOD GH ODV )$5& FRQWURODED ODV DFWLYLGDGHV VRFLDOHV FXOWXUDOHV
HFRQyPLFDV\SROtWLFDVGHODUHJLyQGH7LOODYiFRQWHVWRTXHODVSROtWLFDVVtSRU
FXDQWR ³PXFKDV YHFHV OHV GLMLPRV TXH TXHUtDPRV ODQ]DU XQ FRQFHMDO SDUD OD UHJLyQ \ QR
TXLVLHURQ´
WDPELpQ H[SOLFD TXH SDUD OD pSRFD Vt VH SRGtDQ QHJRFLDU ODV
SURSLHGDGHVDODPLVPDJHQWHGHODUHJLyQTXHORSURKLELGRHUDTXHOOHJDUD
JHQWH GH DIXHUD QL VLTXLHUD ORV WUDEDMDGRUHV &RPHQWD TXH XQD GH ODV
UD]RQHVSRUODVFXDOHVDEDQGRQyOD]RQDIXHSRUTXHODJXHUULOODQROHGHMDED
WHQHURWURVFXOWLYRVDSHVDUGHTXHKDEtDD\XGDVGHOJRELHUQR
E,QWHUURJDWRULRGHSDUWHGH5REHUWR5Xt]6DOLQDWUDVODGDGR
,EtGHPS
57
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3UHJXQWDGR SRU OD DFWLYLGDG D OD TXH VH GHGLFy FXDQGR OOHJy D OD UHJLyQ
UHVSRQGLyTXHSRURVLHWHPHVHVDODDGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHXQQHJRFLR\TXH
GHVSXpV D ³UDVSDFKtQ´ GH FRFD SRU FXDQWR HQ HVD UHJLyQ QR KDEtD RWUD
DFWLYLGDGDODFXDOGHGLFDUVH([SOLFDTXHOOHJyDODUHJLyQHQHODxR\
TXH VH GHGLFy PiV GH VHLV DxRV D OD DFWLYLGDG DQWHV PHQFLRQDGD &RPHQWD
TXHSDUDpSRFDHQODTXHOOHJyD$OWR7LOODYiQRKDEtDJXHUULOODSHURTXHOOHJy
DORVGRVRWUHVDxRV0HQFLRQDTXHSDUDHVDpSRFDVHWRPDEDQSUHGLRVHQ
DUULHQGR SDUD VHPEUDU FRFD \ TXH pO WXYR XQR 5HODWD TXH HO SUHGLR TXH
DGTXLULy HQ OD ]RQD OR SDJy FRQ GyODUHV SRU FXDQWR SDUD OD pSRFD OD
PHUFDQFtD EDVH GH FRFD VH OH YHQGtD D OD JXHUULOOD \ HOORV SDJDEDQ FRQ
GyODUHVVROyODJXHUULOODFRPSUDEDODFRFDQDGLHPiVSRGtDKDFHUORVLQRVH
KDFtDHVWRFRUUtDSHOLJURODYLGDPLVPD&XHQWDTXHWDPELpQWXYRHQOD]RQD
XQ QHJRFLR SDUD OD YHQWD GH FHUYH]D UHPHVD H LQVXPRV \ UHVSHFWR D ORV
~OWLPRVSUHFLVDTXHVHWUDWDEDGHJUDPD]RQHJOLIRVDWRIDHQDSDUDPDWDUOD
KLHUED GH OD FRFD SDUD PDQWHQHUOD OLPSLD 0HQFLRQD TXH HQVXVFXOWLYRV GH
FRFDWXYREDVWDQWHVREUHURV
F)LQDOPHQWHFRPRVHDSUHFLDUiPiVDGHODQWHODVFLUFXQVWDQFLDVSURSLDVGHO
FDVRHQHVWXGLRSHUPLWHGHWHUPLQDUVLQOXJDUDHTXtYRFRVODIXHUWHSUHVHQFLD
GHODJXHUULOODSDUDODpSRFDGHORVKHFKRV
&DVRFRQFUHWR
/DVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQ\VXJUXSRIDPLOLDUDFWXDQGRDWUDYpVGHOD
8$(*57'VROLFLWDODUHVWLWXFLyQGHELHQLQPXHEOHGHVFULWRHQHODFiSLWHFXDUWR
GHHVWHIDOORDUJXPHQWDQGRVXFRQGLFLyQGHYtFWLPDGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGR\HO
GHVSRMR GHO ELHQ SRU DFFLyQ GH 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] RSRVLWRU GHQWUR GHO
SUHVHQWHSURFHVR
L &RQ HO ILQ GH GHWHUPLQDU OD SURFHGHQFLD GH OD VROLFLWXG IRUPXODGD GHEHUi
HVWD6DODHQSULPHUOXJDUYHULILFDUVLVHSUHGLFDUHVSHFWRGHORVVROLFLWDQWHVOD
FRQGLFLyQGHYtFWLPDVHQORVWpUPLQRVGHOD/H\GH
(ODUWtFXORžGHOD/H\SUHFLVDHOFRQFHSWRGHYtFWLPDSDUDHIHFWRVGHOD
/H\HQORVVLJXLHQWHVWpUPLQRV
³«DTXHOODVSHUVRQDVTXHLQGLYLGXDORFROHFWLYDPHQWHKD\DQVXIULGRXQGDxR
SRUKHFKRVRFXUULGRVDSDUWLUGHOžGHHQHURGHFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGH
LQIUDFFLRQHV DO 'HUHFKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO +XPDQLWDULR R GH YLRODFLRQHV JUDYHV \
PDQLILHVWDV D ODV QRUPDV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV GH 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV RFXUULGDV FRQ
RFDVLyQGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRLQWHUQR
7DPELpQVRQYtFWLPDVHOFyQ\XJHFRPSDxHURRFRPSDxHUDSHUPDQHQWHSDUHMDVGHO
PLVPRVH[R\IDPLOLDUHQSULPHUJUDGRGHFRQVDQJXLQLGDGSULPHURFLYLOGHODYtFWLPD
58
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GLUHFWDFXDQGRDpVWDVHOHKXELHUHGDGRPXHUWHRHVWXYLHUHGHVDSDUHFLGD$IDOWDGH
pVWDV OR VHUiQ ORV TXH VH HQFXHQWUHQ HQ HO VHJXQGR JUDGR GH FRQVDQJXLQLGDG
DVFHQGHQWH
'H FRQIRUPLGDG FRQ ORV DSDUWHV UHVDOWDGRV GH OD QRUPD HQ FLWD VH SXHGHQ
LQIHULU ORV VLJXLHQWHV UHTXLVLWRV SDUD TXH XQD SHUVRQD R XQD FROHFWLYLGDG
SXHGDQVHUFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRYtFWLPDV
D4XHODSHUVRQDRODFROHFWLYLGDGKD\DVXIULGRXQGDxR
E4XHHOGDxRVHKD\DSURGXFLGRDSDUWLUGHOžGHHQHURGH
F4XHHOGDxRVHSURGX]FD FRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGHLQIUDFFLRQHVDO',+RDO
','+
G 4XH ODV LQIUDFFLRQHV KXELHUDQ RFXUULGR FRQ RFDVLyQ GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR
LQWHUQR
&RPR VH PDQLIHVWy GH PDQHUD SUHFHGHQWH HO FRQFHSWR GH YtFWLPD GH OD /H\
GHKDVLGRREMHWRGHUHYLVLyQSRUSDUWHGHOD&RUWH&RQVWLWXFLRQDO
OD FXDO HQ XQR GH VXV SURQXQFLDPLHQWRV KD GLFKR TXH WDO FRQFHSWR
FRPSUHQGH D ORV PLHPEURV GH OD IDPLOLD GHO DIHFWDGR VLQ OLPLWDFLyQ SRU
JUDGRVGHSDUHQWHVFR
$SOLFDGRVORVSUHVXSXHVWRVUHVHxDGRVDOFDVREDMRHVWXGLRHQFXHQWUDOD6DOD
TXH HQ OR TXH KDFH GH PDQHUD HVSHFtILFD D OD VROLFLWDQWH 6RUD\D $QJDULWD
*LUyQVHFXPSOHQGHPDQHUDFRQFUHWDYHDPRV
D /D VHxRUD $QJDULWD DSDUHFH DFUHGLWDGR HQ HO H[SHGLHQWH SDGHFLy GH
PDQHUD GLUHFWD OD ³GHVDSDULFLyQ´ GH VX FRPSDxHUR SHUPDQHQWH VHxRU -RVp
$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODORTXHGHPDQHUDFODUDFRQVWLWX\HXQGDxRSDUDVX
UHODFLyQGHSDUHMD\IDPLOLDUUHSUHVHQWDGRHQODLPSRVLELOLGDGGHFRQWDUFRQHO
HVSRVR \ FRQ HO SDGUH GH VXV KLMRV FRPXQHV PHQRUHV SDUD OD IHFKD GH OD
GHVDSDULFLyQ GHO VHxRU 9LJR\D ,JXDOPHQWH FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GH OD
GHVDSDULFLyQGHOVHxRU9LJR\DVHSURGXMRXQGDxRSDWULPRQLDOFRQVLVWHQWHHQ
OD SpUGLGD GH ELHQHV HO YHKtFXOR GH VX SURSLHGDG TXH VH SHUGLy FXDQGR
GHVSDUHFLy \ OD SpUGLGD GH OD RFXSDFLyQ TXH VH HMHUFtD VREUH HO LQPXHEOH
REMHWR GH HVWD VROLFLWXG OD FXDO FRPR VH SUHFLVDUi PiV DGHODQWH IXH VXIULGD
GLUHFWDPHQWHSRUODVROLFLWDQWH
E (VWi SUREDGR HQ HO SURFHVR TXH HO GDxR VH FDXVy SRU XQ ODGR DO
PRPHQWR GH OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GHO FRPSDxHUR SHUPDQHQWH GH OD VROLFLWDQWH
KHFKRRFXUULGRHQ\SRUHORWURFRQODSpUGLGDGHODRFXSDFLyQGHOELHQ
EDOGtR TXH FRQFLWD HO SUHVHQWH WUiPLWH VLWXDFLyQ DFDHFLGD HQ HV GHFLU
FRQSRVWHULRULGDGDODIHFKDVHxDODGDSRUODOH\
F /D GHVDSDULFLyQ IRU]DGD GH SHUVRQDV FRQVWLWX\H XQ GHOLWR FRQIRUPH D OD
OHJLVODFLyQFRORPELQD\XQDJUDYHYLRODFLyQDO',+\DO','+(QHOSUHVHQWH
59
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FDVR DSDUHFH SUREDGR HO GHVDSDUHFLPLHQWR GH -RVp $JXVWtQ 9LJR\D 0DQWLOOD
FRPSDxHUR GH OD VROLFLWDQWH FRQ OD GHQXQFLD SHQDO TXH pVWD IRUPXODUD HQ HO
DxR OD GHFODUDFLyQ GH OD PXHUWH SUHVXQWD SRU GHVDSDUHFLPLHQWR GHO
PHQFLRQDGR VHxRU UHDOL]DGD SRU HO -X]JDGR 3ULPHUR GH )DPLOLD GH
9LOODYLFHQFLRHQHODxR
$Vt PLVPR SRU ODV GHFODUDFLRQHV GH WHVWLJRV \ GHO PLVPR RSRVLWRU SDUHFH
LQIHULUVH TXH OD GHVDSDULFLyQ HV DWULEXLEOH DO JUXSR JXHUULOOHUR GH ODV )$5&
'HQWUR GHO SUHVHQWH SURFHVR VH UHTXLULy D )LVFDOtD *HQHUDO GH OD 1DFLyQ
6HFFLRQDO 0HWD 8QLGDG DQWLH[WRUVLyQ \ VHFXHVWUR )LVFDOtD 'HOHJDGD DQWH
ORV -XHFHV 3HQDOHV GHO &LUFXLWR GH 9LOODYLFHQFLR SDUD TXH LQIRUPDUD UHVSHFWR
GHOHVWDGRGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQSRUODGHVDSDULFLyQGHOVHxRU9LJR\DUHFLELHQGR
UHVSXHVWD LQIRUPDQGR TXH OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ IXH VXVSHQGLGD ³FRQIRUPH D ORV
SDUiPHWURVGDGRVSRUHO$UWGHO&33GHOGHQRYLHPEUHGH´
7DPELpQ FRQVWLWX\H YLRODFLyQ DO ',+ \ DO ','+ OD SpUGLGD SRU SDUWH GH OD
VROLFLWDQWH GH OD RFXSDFLyQ GHO ELHQ EDOGtR FX\D UHVWLWXFLyQ VH SUHWHQGH OR
FXDO VH SURGXFH HQ FLUFXQVWDQFLDV GH YLROHQFLD D WUDYpV GH OD IXHU]D \ OD
LQWLPLGDFLyQHMHUFLGDVREUHSHUVRQDREMHWRGHHVSHFLDOSURWHFFLyQGHDFXHUGR
FRQODVQRUPDVGHO',\GHODPLVPDQRUPDWLYLGDGLQWHUQD
G ,JXDOPHQWH VH GHPXHVWUD HQ HO SURFHVR TXH OD LQIUDFFLyQ DO ',+ \ DO
','+ FRQVLVWHQWH HQ OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GHO FRPSDxHUR GH OD VROLFLWDQWH VH
SURGXMRFRQRFDVLyQGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGRLQWHUQRHQHIHFWRHOVHxRU9LJR\D
HMHUFtDVXDFWLYLGDGHFRQyPLFDHQXQD]RQDGHFRQIOLFWRTXHSDUDODpSRFDGH
ORV KHFKRV VH KDOODED FRQWURODGD SRU HO JUXSR LQVXUJHQWH GH ODV )$5& \
SDUHFHVHJ~QODVGHFODUDFLRQHVUHFLELGDVTXHODFDXVDGHODGHVDSDULFLyQIXH
SUHFLVDPHQWHHOGHVDFDWRDODVLPSRVLFLRQHVGHGLFKRJUXSRDOPDUJHQGHOD
OH\(QHVWHVHQWLGRODSpUGLGDGHODRFXSDFLyQVREUHHOLQPXHEOHUHFODPDGR
WXYR OXJDU WDPELpQ GHQWUR GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR GH PDQHUD FRQFUHWD HVWi
DFUHGLWDGR TXH OD ³QHJRFLDFLyQ´ VH SURGXMR FRQ LQWHUYHQFLyQ GLUHFWD GHO JUXSR
DUPDGRDOPDUJHQGHODOH\
7DPELpQGHEHSUHGLFDUVHODFRQGLFLyQGHYtFWLPDGHORVKLMRVFRPXQHVGHOD
VROLFLWDQWH \ HO GHVDSDUHFLGR VHxRU -RVp $JXVWtQ 9LJR\D HQ UHODFLyQ
SUHFLVDPHQWHGHOSDUHQWHVFRDXQDGRDTXHHQHO5HJLVWUR&LYLOGH'HIXQFLyQ
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHDOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D0DQWLOODVHUHJLVWUyDODDKRUD
VROLFLWDQWHFRPRFRPSDxHUDSHUPDQHQWHFDOLGDGHQODTXHDFWXyDQWHHO-XH]
3ULPHUR GH )DPLOLD GH 9LOODYLFHQFLR HQ HO PHQFLRQDGR SURFHVR GH PXHUWH
SUHVXQWD
(O RSRVLWRU SUHWHQGH GHVFRQRFHU HO GHUHFKR D OD UHVWLWXFLyQ DUJXPHQWDQGR
TXHODVROLFLWDQWHQRSXHGHVHUFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRGHVSOD]DGDSRUFXDQWRHOOD
PLVPD DGPLWH TXH YLYtD HQ 9LOODYLFHQFLR TXH VH WUDVODGDED GHVGH DOOt KDVWD
)ROLRF
60
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
$OWR 7LOODYi SDUD ODV YDFDFLRQHV GH VXV KLMRV PHQRUHV 6REUH HO SDUWLFXODU
VRVWLHQHOD6DODTXHWDOFLUFXQVWDQFLDQROHKDFHSHUGHUODFDOLGDGGHYtFWLPD
GHO FRQIOLFWR DUPDGR FRPR VH KD GHWDOODGR GH PDQHUD SUHFHGHQWH
$GLFLRQDOPHQWH HO KHFKR GH QR SRGHU QXQFD UHJUHVDU DO SUHGLR UHVSHFWR GHO
FXDOLQYRFDEDGHUHFKRVODFRQVWLWX\HHQGHVSOD]DGD
$FUHGLWDGDODFRQGLFLyQGHYtFWLPDVGHORVVROLFLWDQWHVGHEHOD6DODGHWHUPLQDU
DKRUDVLVHFXPSOHQORVSUHVXSXHVWRVSDUDVHU³WLWXODUGHOGHUHFKRGHUHVWLWXFLyQ´
HVWDEOHFLGRVHQOD/H\GH
(O DUWtFXOR GH OD QRUPD HQ FLWD HVWDEOHFH FRPR SUHVXSXHVWR HQ SULPHU
OXJDU TXH ORV VROLFLWDQWHV WHQJDQ OD FDOLGDG GH YtFWLPDV HQ ORV WpUPLQRV GHO
DUWtFXORžGHODOH\ORFXDO\DDSDUHFHGHPRVWUDGR
$GLFLRQDOPHQWHFRQVDJUDODQRUPDDQDOL]DGDTXHORVKHFKRVTXHFRQILJXUHQ
ODV YLRODFLRQHV GH TXH WUDWD HO DUWtFXOR ž GH OD SUHVHQWH OH\ VH SUHVHQWHQ
HQWUHHOžGHHQHURGH\HOWpUPLQRGHYLJHQFLDGHODOH\TXHHVGHGLH]
DxRV(QHOFDVR EDMRDQiOLVLVFRPRVHH[SOLFyGHPDQHUD SUHFHGHQWH
ODVYLRODFLRQHVDO',+\DO','+VHSURGXMHURQHQWUHORVDxRV\OR
TXH QRV XELFD GHQWUR OD WHPSRUDOLGDG TXH RWRUJD OD WLWXODULGDG SDUD OD
UHVWLWXFLyQ
([LJH OD QRUPD HQ DQiOLVLV WHQHU OD FDOLGDG GH SURSLHWDULR R SRVHHGRU GH
SUHGLRV R H[SORWDGRU GH EDOGtRV FX\D SURSLHGDG VH SUHWHQGD DGTXLULU SRU
DGMXGLFDFLyQ \ KDEHU VLGR GHVSRMDGR GH GLFKRV ELHQHV X REOLJDGR D
DEDQGRQDUORV
(QODGHPDQGDVHPDQLILHVWDTXHHOELHQREMHWRGHODVROLFLWXGHVXQEDOGtR\
HOORVHGHVSUHQGHWDPELpQGHORLQVFULWRHQHOIROLRGHPDWUtFXODLQPRELOLDULD
TXHVHDEULySRUVROLFLWXGGHOD8$(*57'5HVSHFWRGHGLFKRELHQHOVHxRU
9LJR\D HQ FRODERUDFLyQ FRQ OD VROLFLWDQWH HMHUFLy VX FRQWURO \ H[SORWDFLyQ
KDVWDODIHFKDGHVXGHVDSDULFLyQ
$KRUDELHQHQFXDQWRKDFHDOGHVSRMRRHODEDQGRQRHVWDVILJXUDVDSDUHFHQ
GHVFULWDVHQHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GHYtFWLPDV
'HVSRMR
³«DFFLyQSRUPHGLRGHODFXDODSURYHFKiQGRVHGHODVLWXDFLyQGHYLROHQFLDVHSULYD
DUELWUDULDPHQWH D XQD SHUVRQD GH VX SURSLHGDG SRVHVLyQ X RFXSDFLyQ \D VHD GH
KHFKR PHGLDQWH QHJRFLR MXUtGLFR DFWR DGPLQLVWUDWLYR VHQWHQFLD R PHGLDQWH OD
FRPLVLyQGHGHOLWRVDVRFLDGRVDODVLWXDFLyQGHYLROHQFLD´
$EDQGRQR
³«VLWXDFLyQWHPSRUDORSHUPDQHQWHDODTXHVHYHDERFDGDXQDSHUVRQDIRU]DGDD
GHVSOD]DUVH UD]yQ SRU OD FXDO VH YH LPSHGLGD SDUD HMHUFHU OD DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ
)OF
61
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
H[SORWDFLyQ \ FRQWDFWR GLUHFWR FRQ ORV SUHGLRV TXH GHELy GHVDWHQGHU HQ VX
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR«´
/DVROLFLWXGTXHVHHVWXGLDVHUHILHUHGHPDQHUDHVSHFtILFDDXQDVLWXDFLyQGH
GHVSRMRYHDPRV
/D DXVHQFLD GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG HQ ]RQDV GH IURQWHUD \ GH FRQIOLFWR WDO \
FRPRIXHDPSOLDPHQWHGHVFULWRSUHYLDPHQWHHQHVWHIDOORKDFRQOOHYDGRXQD
LQIRUPDOLGDGHQFXDQWRKDFHDODWUDQVIHUHQFLDGHORVGHUHFKRVGHSURSLHGDG
\ DXQTXH WUDWiQGRVH GH ELHQHV EDOGtRV SXGLHUD DILUPDUVH TXH QR SXHGH
KDEODUVH GH OD WUDQVIHUHQFLD GH GHUHFKRV GLIHUHQWH D OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ TXH
UHDOL]D HO SURSLR (VWDGR SRU FXDQWR OD OHJLVODFLyQ VREUH HO WHPD WLHQH
HVWDEOHFLGR TXH ORV RFXSDQWHV GH WLHUUDV EDOGtDV SRU HVH VROR KHFKR QR
WLHQHQ OD FDOLGDG GH SRVHHGRUHV \ VyOR XQD PHUD H[SHFWDWLYD OD UHDOLGDG
TXHVHKDLPSXHVWRHVODGHXQDSHUPDQHQWHQHJRFLDFLyQGHORV³GHUHFKRV´
GH ORV FRORQRV TXH QR SXHGH VHU GHVFRQRFLGD \ QR GHVFRQRFH OD OH\ GH
YtFWLPDV FXDQGR HQ HO PLVPR DUWtFXOR TXH VH YLHQH DQDOL]DQGR GLVSRQH
SUHFLVDPHQWHTXHHOGHVSRMRSXHGHSURGXFLUVHUHVSHFWRGHEDOGtRV\DJUHJD
TXH ³6LHOGHVSRMRRHOGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGRSHUWXUEDURQODH[SORWDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHXQ
EDOGtRSDUDODDGMXGLFDFLyQGHVXGHUHFKRGHGRPLQLRDIDYRUGHOGHVSRMDGRQRVHWHQGUiHQ
FXHQWDODGXUDFLyQGHGLFKDH[SORWDFLyQ´
/D QHJRFLDFLyQ GH ORV ³GHUHFKRV´ VREUH EDOGtRV VH UHDOL]D HQ DEVROXWD
LQIRUPDOLGDG FRQILDQGR SULPRUGLDOPHQWH FRQ OD SDODEUD HPSHxDGD DXQTXH
HQDOJXQRVFDVRVVHH[WLHQGDQGRFXPHQWRVTXHGHQLQJXQDPDQHUDDOFDQ]DQ
ODFRQQRWDFLyQGHFRQWUDWR
$SDUHFHDFUHGLWDGDHQHOH[SHGLHQWHODDGTXLVLFLyQTXHUHDOL]yHOVHxRU-RVp
$JXVWtQ9LJR\DVHUHFDXGyODGHFODUDFLyQGH5RVHQGR&LSULDQR8UUHJRTXLHQ
PDQLIHVWy VHU HO ³SURSLHWDULR´ GHO SUHGLR REMHWR GH OD SHWLFLyQ KDEHUOR
H[SORWDGR GXUDQWH DOJ~Q WLHPSR FRQ HO VHxRU 9LJR\D \ KDEHUOH YHQGLGR
SDUWH HQ HO DxR R SUHFLVDQGR OD IRUPD GH SDJR FRQYHQLGD XQ
WHOHYLVRUDFRORUXQDHTXLSRGHVRQLGR\GRVPLOORQHV\PHGLRGHSHVRV(Q
FXDQWRDODH[WHQVLyQVHUHILHUHDKHFWiUHDVDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH\SUHFLVD
³QR Vp VL KDEUiQ PHGLGR R QR HQ HVH WLHPSR QR EDMDED QDGLH GHO JRELHUQR´
UHVDOWDGR GH OD 6DOD 2WURV WHVWLPRQLRV UHFDXGDGRV \ HO PLVPR GLFKR GHO
RSRVLWRU GH FXHQWD GH OD FDOLGDG GH ³WLWXODU´ GH GHUHFKRV VREUH HO LQPXHEOH
GHOVHxRU9LJR\D
³0LHQWUDVQRVH FXPSODQ WRGRVORVUHTXLVLWRVH[LJLGRVSRUODOH\SDUDWHQHUGHUHFKRDOD
DGMXGLFDFLyQGHXQWHUUHQREDOGtRHORFXSDQWHVLPSOHPHQWHFXHQWDFRQXQDH[SHFWDWLYDHVWR
HVODHVSHUDQ]DGHTXHDOFXPSOLUFRQHVDVH[LJHQFLDVVHOHSRGUiFRQFHGHUWDOEHQHILFLR1R
REVWDQWHTXLHQGHWHQWDPDWHULDOPHQWHXQWHUUHQREDOGtRDOFXDOOHKDLQFRUSRUDGRPHMRUDVR
LQYHUVLRQHV\KDVLGRH[SORWDGRHFRQyPLFDPHQWHVLELHQQRWLHQHODFDOLGDGGHSRVHHGRUFRQ
ODVFRQVHFXHQFLDVMXUtGLFDVTXHGHWDOFRQGLFLyQVHGHULYDQVtWLHQHXQDVLWXDFLyQMXUtGLFDHQ
VXIDYRUHVWRHVXQLQWHUpVMXUtGLFRTXHVHWUDGXFHHQODH[SHFWDWLYDGHODDGMXGLFDFLyQOD
TXHHVPHUHFHGRUDGHODSURWHFFLyQGHODVDXWRULGDGHV´ &&RQVW7&*DYLULD
)ODF
62
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
6H SUXHED HQ HO SURFHVR TXH XQD YH] SURGXFLGD OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GH -RVp
$JXVWtQ9LJR\DVXFRPSDxHUD\DTXtVROLFLWDQWHQRYXHOYHDODUHJLyQ\VyOR
SRU OD FRQWLQXD SUHVLyQ TXH UHFLEH HQ 9LOODYLFHQFLR VH WUDVODGD D $OWR 7LOODYi
HQ GRQGH HQ SUHVHQFLD GH OD JXHUULOOD DFHSWD QHJRFLDU HO SUHGLR UHFODPDGR
FRQ HO RSRVLWRU 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] TXLpQ VHJ~Q HO GLFKR GH OD VROLFLWDQWH VH
FRPSURPHWHDSDJDUOHXQPLOOyQGHSHVRVSHURQXQFDOHSDJD
PRQWR DOJXQR SRU WDO FRQFHSWR 6HJ~Q HO GLFKR GHO RSRVLWRU HO SUHFLR
FRQYHQLGR IXH RFKR PLOORQHV GH SHVRV GH ORV FXDOHV GHELy
FDQFHODUHODODJXHUULOODDFXHQWDGHODVXPDTXH9LJR\DVXSXHVWDPHQWH
GHEtDDDTXHOOD\ODRWUDPLWDGDODVHxRUD6RUD\D$QJDULWD*LUyQGHODTXH
DILUPD KDEHU FDQFHODGR 6REUH HO SDUWLFXODU FRPHQWD ³FXDQGR OH
WHUPLQpGHSDJDUDODJXHUULOOD\DIXHFXDQGRVHSXVRWRWDOPHQWHPDORHOFRPHUFLRDOOi\DQR
KDEtDSODWDQLQDGDHOORVUHFRJtDQODPHUFDQFtD\OHGDEDQDXQRXQYDOH\FRQHVHYDOHHUD
TXHXQRKDFtDODUHPHVDSDUDODILQFD\WRGRORTXHQHFHVLWDEDXQRDOOiGXUDPRVKDUWRSRU
HOHVSDFLRGHRDxRVTXHQRPLUiEDPRVXQSHVRQRVRWURV´
/RVGLFKRVGHODVROLFLWDQWH\GHORSRVLWRUHQFXDQWRDTXHODQHJRFLDFLyQVH
KL]RFRQODLQWHUYHQFLyQGHODJXHUULOODHVFRQILUPDGRSRURWUDVGHFODUDFLRQHV
TXHREUDQHQHOH[SHGLHQWHDXQTXHQLQJXQDGHHVWDVVHPDQLILHVWDVREUHORV
SUHFLVRVWpUPLQRVGHODPLVPD$VtSRUHMHPSOR*LOEHUWR6RWR5RGUtJXH]HQVX
WHVWLPRQLR UHODWD TXH OD QHJRFLDFLyQ VH UHDOL]y HQ VX FDVD \ TXLHQHV
HVWXYLHURQ SUHVHQWHV UHILULpQGRVH GH PDQHUD FRQFUHWD DO ³FRPDQGDQWH 5DPyQ´
TXH RSHUDED HQ WRGD OD ]RQD (Q HO PLVPR VHQWLGR OD GHFODUDFLyQ GH
5RVHQGR &LSULDQR 8UUHJR TXLHQ DGLFLRQDOPHQWH VHxDOD TXH HO FRPDQGDQWH
5DPyQ OH LQIRUPy TXH HO GLQHUR TXH OH GHEtD 9LJR\D HUD GH LPSXHVWRV ³GH
VDFDGDGHPHUFDQFtD«RVHDPHUFDQFtDGHFRFD´
'H PDQHUD TXH ODV FLUFXQVWDQFLDV HQ TXH VH UHDOL]y OD QHJRFLDFLyQ GH ORV
GHUHFKRV TXH WHQtD OD VROLFLWDQWH VREUH HO EDOGtR TXH VH UHFODPD FRQILJXUDQ
GH PDQHUD LQHTXtYRFD XQ GHVSRMR HQ ORV WpUPLQRV GH OD QRUPDWLYLGDG
HVWXGLDGD H LJXDOPHQWH OD SUHVXQFLyQ OHJDO GH DXVHQFLD GH
FRQVHQWLPLHQWR HVWLSXODGD HQ HO DUWtFXOR QXPHUDO GH OD /H\ GH
YtFWLPDV
³3UHVXQFLRQHVOHJDOHVHQUHODFLyQFRQFLHUWRVFRQWUDWRV6DOYRSUXHEDHQFRQWUDULR
SDUD HIHFWRV SUREDWRULRV GHQWUR GHO SURFHVR GH UHVWLWXFLyQ VH SUHVXPH TXH HQ ORV
VLJXLHQWHVQHJRFLRVMXUtGLFRVKD\DXVHQFLDGHFRQVHQWLPLHQWRRGHFDXVDOtFLWDHQ
ORV FRQWUDWRV GH FRPSUDYHQWD \ GHPiV DFWRV MXUtGLFRV PHGLDQWH ORV FXDOHV VH
WUDQVILHUDRVHSURPHWDWUDQVIHULUXQGHUHFKRUHDOODSRVHVLyQRODRFXSDFLyQVREUH
LQPXHEOHV VLHPSUH \ FXDQGR QR VH HQFXHQWUH TXH OD VLWXDFLyQ HVWi SUHYLVWD HQ HO
QXPHUDODQWHULRUHQORVVLJXLHQWHVFDVRV
D (Q FX\D FROLQGDQFLD KD\DQ RFXUULGR DFWRV GH YLROHQFLD JHQHUDOL]DGRV
IHQyPHQRV GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR FROHFWLYR R YLRODFLRQHV JUDYHV D ORV
)ODF
)OF
)ODF
)ODF
63
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV HQ OD pSRFD HQ TXH RFXUULHURQ ODV DPHQD]DV R KHFKRV
GH YLROHQFLD TXH VH DOHJD FDXVDURQ HO GHVSRMR R DEDQGRQR R HQ DTXHOORV
LQPXHEOHV HQ GRQGH VH KD\D VROLFLWDGR ODV PHGLGDV GH SURWHFFLyQ LQGLYLGXDOHV \
FROHFWLYDVUHODFLRQDGDVHQOD/H\GHH[FHSWRHQDTXHOORVFDVRVDXWRUL]DGRV
SRU OD DXWRULGDG FRPSHWHQWH R DTXHOORV PHGLDQWH HO FXDO KD\D VLGR GHVSOD]DGR OD
YtFWLPDGHGHVSRMRVXFyQ\XJHFRPSDxHURRFRPSDxHUDSHUPDQHQWHORVIDPLOLDUHV
RPD\RUHVGHHGDGFRQTXLHQHVFRQYLYtDRVXVFDXVDKDELHQWHV
1R DGPLWH GLVFXVLyQ TXH $OWR 7LOODYi HQ HO PXQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ
0HWDHUDXQD]RQDGHYLROHQFLDJHQHUDOL]DGDHQODTXHLPSRQtD³VXOH\´XQ
JUXSR JXHUULOOHUR \ TXH EDMR VX UpJLPHQ VH SURGXFtDQ YLRODFLRQHV D ORV
GHUHFKRV KXPDQRV XQD GH ODV FXDOHV IXH SUHFLVDPHQWH OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GHO
FRPSDxHUR GH OD VROLFLWDQWH TXLHQ WHQtD VREUDGDV UD]RQHV SDUD VHQWLU XQ
MXVWR WHPRU TXH LPSOLFy OD HPLVLyQ GH XQ FRQVHQWLPLHQWR YLFLDGR SDUD OD
WUDQVIHUHQFLD GHO EDOGtR /D VROLFLWDQWH PDQLILHVWD HQ VX LQWHUURJDWRULR OD
DSUHKHQVLyQTXHODHPEDUJDEDHQHVRVPRPHQWRV\FRPRTXLHQOHLQIXQGtD
³WUDQTXLOLGDG´ HUD HO PLVPR RSRVLWRU TXH WHQtD XQ LQQHJDEOH LQWHUpV HQ
TXHGDUVH FRQ HO SUHGLR \ OH GHFtD TXH KDEtD KDEODGR SDUD TXH QR OH SDVDUD
QDGD
/RVDUJXPHQWRVDQWHULRUHVVRQVXILFLHQWHVSDUDFRQFOXLUTXHODVROLFLWDQWH\VX
JUXSR IDPLOLDU WLHQHQ OD FDOLGDG GH YtFWLPDV \ VRQ WLWXODUHV GHO GHUHFKR GH
UHVWLWXFLyQSRUKDEHUVLGRGHVSRMDGRVGHODRFXSDFLyQUHVSHFWRGHOLQPXHEOH
REMHWRGHODSUHVHQWHVROLFLWXGHQORVWpUPLQRVGHOD/H\GH
LL &RUUHVSRQGH DKRUD D OD 6DOD GHILQLU VL VH GDQ ORV SUHVXSXHVWRV SDUD
RUGHQDU DO ,QFRGHU OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ GHO LQPXHEOH REMHWR GH HVWD VROLFLWXG SRU
WUDWDUVHGHXQELHQEDOGtR
/D OHJLVODFLyQ YLJHQWH VREUH OD PDWHULD HVWDEOHFH TXH OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH XQ
ELHQEDOGtRUHTXLHUHVROLFLWXGSUHYLDGHOLQWHUHVDGRSURFHGLHQGRHO,1&2'(5
D GHFUHWDUOD VL VH GHPXHVWUD TXH H[LVWLy RFXSDFLyQ SUHYLD GH XQD WLHUUD FRQ
DFWLWXG DJURSHFXDULD SRU XQ SOD]R PtQLPR GH FLQFR DxRV TXH HVWi VLHQGR
H[SORWDGDFRPRPtQLPRHQODVGRVWHUFHUDVSDUWHVGHODVXSHUILFLHTXHVROLFLWD
\ TXH OD H[SORWDFLyQ VH UHDOL]D FRQIRUPH D ODV QRUPDV VREUH SURWHFFLyQ \
XWLOL]DFLyQ UDFLRQDO GH ORV UHFXUVRV UHQRYDEOHV \ VLHPSUH \ FXDQGR QR VH
YLROHQ ODV QRUPDV VREUH FRQVHUYDFLyQ \ DSURYHFKDPLHQWR GH ORV UHFXUVRV
UHQRYDEOHVRVHGHGLTXHHOWHUUHQRDFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRV
&RQ EDVH HQ ORV DQWHULRUHV UHTXLVLWRV SRGUtDQ VXVFLWDUVH HQ HO FDVR EDMR
HVWXGLR WUHV VLWXDFLRQHV TXH DIHFWDUtDQ OD SRVLELOLGDG GH OD RUGHQ GH
DGMXGLFDFLyQ D VDEHU D H[SORWDFLyQ SRU PtQLPR FLQFR DxRV E H[SORWDFLyQ
GHODVGRVWHUFHUDVSDUWHVGHODVXSHUILFLHTXHVHVROLFLWD\FTXHHOWHUUHQR
QRVHGHGLTXHDFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRVGFXPSOLPLHQWRGHRWUDVIRUPDOLGDGHVFRPR
ORUHODFLRQDGRFRQOD8$)
/,QF$UW
64
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
D5HVSHFWRGHODSULPHUDGHODVLQTXLHWXGHVDQRWDGDVGHEHVHxDODUVHTXHOD
PLVPD/H\GHYtFWLPDVWLHQHHVWDEOHFLGRHQHODUWtFXORTXH³6LHOGHVSRMRRHO
GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR SHUWXUEDURQ OD H[SORWDFLyQ HFRQyPLFD GH XQ EDOGtR SDUD OD
DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH VX GHUHFKR GH GRPLQLR D IDYRU GHO GHVSRMDGR QR VH WHQGUi HQ FXHQWD OD
GXUDFLyQGHGLFKDH[SORWDFLyQ´
E (Q FXDQWR KDFH D OD VHJXQGD FRQGLFLyQ 'HFUHWR GH TXH UHJXOy
VXSULPLy \ UHIRUPy SURFHGLPLHQWRV \ WUiPLWHV LQQHFHVDULRV H[LVWHQWHV HQ OD
$GPLQLVWUDFLyQ 3~EOLFD VH SURWHJLy OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ SDUD ODV SHUVRQDV HQ
VLWXDFLyQ GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR HVWDEOHFLHQGR UHVSHFWR GH HOODV HQ HVWH SXQWR
HVSHFtILFR HQ HO DUWtFXOR TXH ³« /D RFXSDFLyQ VH YHULILFDUi SRU HO ,1&2'(5
UHFRQRFLHQGR OD H[SORWDFLyQ DFWXDO VLQ TXH VHD QHFHVDULR HO FXPSOLPLHQWR GH OD H[SORWDFLyQ
VREUHODVGRVWHUFHUDVSDUWHVGHODVXSHUILFLHFX\DDGMXGLFDFLyQVHVROLFLWD
F /D ~OWLPD FRQGLFLyQ SXHGH JHQHUDU XQD PD\RU FRQIOLFWLYLGDG HQ ODV
SUHVHQWHV FLUFXQVWDQFLDV SRU FXDQWR FRPR VH GHVSUHQGH GH OD SUXHED
UHFDXGDGDHOSUHGLRHVWDEDGHGLFDGRHQSDUWHVLQRHQEXHQDSDUWHDOFXOWLYR
GH FRFD /R UHFRQRFH OD PLVPD VROLFLWDQWH FXDQGR PDQLILHVWD TXH VX
FRPSDxHUR VHPEUDED PDt] \XFD SOiWDQR \ WDPELpQ KDEtD FRFD \ SDVWR
LQFOXVROLPRQHV$JUHJDTXHpOWHQtDXQFDUUR\OOHYDEDEXOWRVGHOLPRQHVD
9LOODYLFHQFLR TXH VXV KLMRV YHQGtDQ HQ HO EDUULR 7DPELpQ OR DGPLWHQ HO
RSRVLWRU\ODVGLIHUHQWHVGHFODUDFLRQHVUHFLELGDV
6REUH HO SDUWLFXODU GHEH HVWD 6DOD SUHFLVDU /D VLWXDFLyQ LQGLFDGD QR HV
SUHGLFDEOH H[FOXVLYDPHQWH DO SUHGLR REMHWR GH OD SUHVHQWH VROLFLWXG 'HO
HVWXGLR UHDOL]DGR SUHFHGHQWHPHQWH HQ HVWH IDOOR VH LQILHUH FRPR ODV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDVGHYLROHQFLDHQ]RQDGHIURQWHUDODDXVHQFLDGHO(VWDGR\ODV
FRQGLFLRQHV HFRQyPLFDV GH ORV FDPSHVLQRV FRORQL]DGRUHV ORV LPSXOVDURQ DO
FXOWLYR GH OD KRMD GH FRFD D OR FXDO WDPELpQ HUDQ LPSHOLGRV SRU JUXSRV DO
PDUJHQGHODOH\HVSHFtILFDPHQWHJXHUULOODVQDUFRWUDILFDQWHV\SDUDPLOLWDUHV
6H FRQVWDWD SRU HO HVWXGLR DTXt UHDOL]DGR VREUH ODV FRORQL]DFLRQHV \ ORV
EDOGtRVTXHHO(VWDGRKDVLGRLQFDSD]UHVROYHUORVSUREOHPDVTXHVHGHULYDQ
GH HOORV HVSHFtILFDPHQWH OD GHWHUPLQDFLyQ GH ODV WLHUUDV TXH VRQ
HIHFWLYDPHQWHGHSURSLHGDGGHO(VWDGRODWLWXODFLyQGHORVSUHGLRVTXHHUDQ
H[SORWDGRV SRU ORV FRORQRV HQ ]RQDV GH IURQWHUD SHUR VREUH WRGR OD
LQVWLWXFLRQDOLGDG KD VLGR DEVROXWDPHQWH LQFDSD] SDUD SULPHUR GHILQLU \
RULHQWDUORVWHUULWRULRVTXHSXHGHQVHUHIHFWLYDPHQWHREMHWRGHH[SORWDFLyQ\
VHJXQGR EULQGDUOH D ORV FRORQRV FRQGLFLRQHV HFRQyPLFDV VRFLDOHV \ GH
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD TXH IDFLOLWDUDQ VX H[SORWDFLyQ SURGXFWLYD HQ FRQGLFLRQHV
GLJQDVGHVXEVLVWHQFLDSDUDHOORV\VXVIDPLOLDV
(Q ODV FLUFXQVWDQFLDV DQRWDGDV HO FDOGR GH FXOWLYR IXH SURSLFLR SDUD OD
LQFXUVLyQ GH JUXSRV DO PDUJHQ GH OD OH\ \ SDUD OD GHVWLQDFLyQ GH PLOHV GH
)OF
65
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
KHFWiUHDV GHO WHUULWRULR QDFLRQDO D VLHPEUDV LOtFLWDV TXH VL ELHQ IXHURQ OD
IXHQWHSDUDODJHQHUDFLyQGHSLQJHVULTXH]DVODVPLVPDVQXQFDOOHJDURQD
ORVFRORQRV±FDPSHVLQRVTXHVHGHGLFDURQDWDODFWLYLGDGFRQHOVRILVPDGH
XQDV FRQGLFLRQHV PiV GLJQDV GH YLGD ODV FXDOHV QR DOFDQ]DEDQ FRQ ODV
DFWLYLGDGHV DJUtFRODV OtFLWDV 6LQ HPEDUJR ³(O 'RUDGR´ QXQFD OOHJy \ ODV
DFWLYLGDGHV HQ PHQFLyQ VyOR SURGXMHURQ GHVDVRVLHJR PXHUWH H[SXOVLyQ GH
ODVWLHUUDV\PD\RUPLVHULDSDUDORVFRORQRVFDPSHVLQRVHOHVODEyQPiVGpELO
GHODFDGHQD
&RQ IXQGDPHQWR HQ OR H[SXHVWR QR SXHGH H[LJLUOH DO FRORQRFDPSHVLQR
SDXSHUL]DGR GHVSRMDGR \ GHVSOD]DGR SRU OD YLROHQFLD TXH FXPSOD FRQ HO
UHTXLVLWR DO TXH YHQLPRV KDFLHQGR UHIHUHQFLD FXDQGR HO PLVPR (VWDGR KD
IDOODGRHQORPtQLPRTXHHVJDUDQWL]DUHOPRQRSROLRGHODIXHU]DHQWRGRHO
WHUULWRULR FRORPELDQR OR TXH KXELHUD SHUPLWLGR HO HMHUFLFLR SDFtILFR GH XQD
DFWLYLGDG OHJtWLPD TXH GH WRGDV IRUPDV QR KDEUtD SURSLFLDGR SRU VL PLVPD
FRQGLFLRQHVGLJQDV
/RTXHHO(VWDGRQRSXGRQRSRGUtDH[LJtUVHOHDOFLXGDGDQRUD]yQSRUODFXDO
HVWD6DODFRQIXQGDPHQWRHQODILQDOLGDGSURSLDGHODMXVWLFLDWUDQVLFLRQDOTXH
EXVFDODPD\RUFDQWLGDGGHUHSDUDFLyQSRVLEOHHQDSOLFDFLyQGHOSULQFLSLRSUR
KRPLQHFRQVDJUDGRHQHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GHVHJ~QHOFXDO³HO
LQWpUSUHWHGHODVQRUPDVFRQVDJUDGDVHQODSUHVHQWHOH\VHHQFXHQWUDHQHOGHEHUGHHVFRJHU
\ DSOLFDU OD UHJXODFLyQ R OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ TXH PiV IDYRUH]FD D OD GLJQLGDG \ OLEHUWDG GH
SHUVRQD KXPDQD DVt FRPR D OD YLJHQFLD GH ORV 'HUHFKRV +XPDQRV GH ODV YtFWLPDV´\GH
XQRGHORVSULQFLSLRVGHODUHVWLWXFLyQHVWDEOHFLGRVHQHODUWtFXORVHJ~QHO
FXDO ³VH SURSHQGHUi SRU OD WLWXODFLyQ GH OD SURSLHGDG FRPR PHGLGD GH UHVWLWXFLyQ
FRQVLGHUDQGRODUHODFLyQMXUtGLFDTXHWHQtDQODVYtFWLPDVFRQORVSUHGLRVREMHWRGHUHVWLWXFLyQ
RFRPSHQVDFLyQ´LQDSOLFDUiSDUDHOSUHVHQWHFDVRODH[LJHQFLDTXHSDUDHIHFWRV
GHODDGMXGLFDFLyQGHEDOGtRVVHYLHQHDQDOL]DQGR
6XVWHQWDOD6DODORDQWHULRUSRUFXDQWRHVWiGHPRVWUDGRFRQORVHVWXGLRVTXH
VH DQDOL]DURQ \ HQ HO H[SHGLHQWH FRQ ODV GHFODUDFLRQHV UHFDXGDGDV \ FRQ HO
HVWXGLRGHFRQWH[WRUHDOL]DGRSRUOD8$(*57'TXHODUHJLyQGHODOWR7LOODYi
SDUDODpSRFDGHORVKHFKRVTXHVRQPDWHULDGHHVWXGLRHVWDEDGHGLFDGDHQ
VXPD\RUSDUWHDOFXOWLYRGHODKRMDGHFRFDGHPDQHUDTXHSUHWHQGHUTXH
ODV YtFWLPDV SUXHEHQ TXH HQ HVH SHULRGR GH WLHPSR VH SUHVHQWDED XQD
VLWXDFLyQ GLIHUHQWH HTXLYDOH D H[LJLU OR LPSRVLEOH \ D KDFHU QXJDWRULDV WRGDV
ODVPHGLGDVGHUHVWLWXFLyQ\UHSDUDFLyQFRQVDJUDGDVHQOD/H\SDUDODV
YtFWLPDVGHODUHJLyQDQDOL]DGD
/D &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO WLHQH HVWDEOHFLGR TXH ³HO FRPSURPLVR GH SHUVRQDV HQ
VLWXDFLyQGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRIRU]DGRHQODSURGXFFLyQGHFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRVQRHVHQVtPLVPD
66
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FRQVLGHUDGD XQD FDXVDO SDUD QHJDU ODV PHGLGDV GH SURWHFFLyQ GH ORV GHUHFKRV
IXQGDPHQWDOHVGHHVWDSREODFLyQHQVLWXDFLyQGHYXOQHUDELOLGDG´
,QFOXVR HO &RQVHMR GH (VWDGR WLHQH ILMDGR FRPR SUHFHGHQWH TXH HQ FLHUWDV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDV OD SUHVHQFLD GH RUJDQL]DFLRQHV DO PDUJHQ GH OD /H\ SXHGHQ
VHU FRQVLGHUDGDV FRPR IXHU]D PD\RU SDUD MXVWLILFDU OD LQH[SORWDFLyQ GH
SUHGLR ³/D 6DOD SUHFLVD TXH OD SUXHED GH OD SUHVHQFLD JXHUULOOHUD HQ HO SUHGLR GXUDQWH
DOJXQRVODSVRVGHWLHPSRQRUHVXOWDLGyQHDSDUDGHVYLUWXDUODLQH[SORWDFLyQTXHVHOHLPSXWD
DO SURSLHWDULR SRUTXH FRPR VH H[SOLFy HO GHEHU GH H[SORWDU HFRQyPLFDPHQWH HO IXQGR VH
KDEtDGHVSOD]DGRDOVHFXHVWUH6LQHPEDUJRVHFRQVLGHUDTXHHVWDFLUFXQVWDQFLDTXHSDUDHO
,QFRUD QR HV FRQVWLWXWLYD GH IXHU]D PD\RU UHYLVWH SDUWLFXODU LPSRUWDQFLD SRUTXH HV
LPSUHYLVLEOHHLUUHVLVWLEOHSDUDHOFLXGDGDQRFRP~QTXHYHLQVXILFLHQWHVORVUHFXUVRVSROLFLYRV
DGPLQLVWUDWLYRV\MXGLFLDOHVTXHSUHYpDOH\SDUDVDOYDJXDUGDUODLQWHJULGDGGHOELHQ«³(Q
DQWHULRURSRUWXQLGDGOD6DODDOHYDOXDUODOHJDOLGDGGHXQDFWRPHGLDQWHHOFXDOVHH[WLQJXLy
HO GHUHFKR GH GRPLQLR SDUWLFXODU FRQVLGHUy TXH OD DFWLYLGDG JXHUULOOHUD ³HV RWUR IDFWRU FRQ
JUDQLQFLGHQFLDHQODH[SORWDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHORVELHQHVXQDGHODVFXDOHVVHILQFDHQOD
SUHVLyQ\DSR\RDODLQYDVLyQGHWLHUUDV´
(QRWUDVHQWHQFLDWLHQHGLFKRVREUHHOSDUWLFXODUOD&RUWH&RQVWLWXFLRQDO ³«HO
SUREOHPD GH ORV FXOWLYRV LOtFLWRV KD VLGR DERUGDGR SRU ODV DXWRULGDGHV GHO (VWDGR FRPR XQ
SUREOHPD GH RUGHQ VRFLDO TXH H[LJH PHGLGDV GLUHFFLRQDGDV D REWHQHU OD HUUDGLFDFLyQ OD
VXVWLWXFLyQ \ OD UHLQFRUSRUDFLyQ GH TXLHQHV VH HQFXHQWUDQ HQ HVD DFWLYLGDG DO PDUFR GH OD
OHJDOLGDG « (Q HVH HVFHQDULR HO JRELHUQR KD SXHVWR HQ PDUFKD GLVWLQWRV SURJUDPDV
HQFDPLQDGRV FRQWULEXLU FRQ OD GLVPLQXFLyQ GH OD SURGXFFLyQ GH ORV FXOWLYRV LOtFLWRV D WUDYpV
GHORVFXDOHVVHLPSOHPHQWDQSURFHVRVGHGHVDUUROORLQWHJUDO\VRVWHQLEOHTXHOHVSHUPLWHQD
ORV FXOWLYDGRUHV DOFDQ]DU XQD HVWDELOLGDG HFRQyPLFD \ VRFLDO 3DUD HOOR VH FUHDURQ SURFHVRV
GH HUUDGLFDFLyQ \ IRPHQWDURQ SUR\HFWRV HVSHFLDOHV FRQ DOWHUQDWLYDV SURGXFWLYDV SDUD HVWDV
SHUVRQDV « (V QHFHVDULR FRUURERUDU VL LQGHSHQGLHQWHPHQWH GH VL HVWDED R QR HQ OD
DFWLYLGDGGHFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRVVXGHVSOD]DPLHQWRVHSURGXMRFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGHSUHVLyQGH
JUXSRV DO PDUJHQ GH OD OH\ \ VL SRU FRQVLJXLHQWH VH VDWLVIDFHQ ORV FULWHULRV OHJDOHV \
MXULVSUXGHQFLDOHV VREUH OD FRQGLFLyQ GH GHVSOD]DGR « $O UHVSHFWR OD MXULVSUXGHQFLD KD
VHxDODGR TXH OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH OD QRUPDWLYLGDG GHEH VHU H[DPLQDGD GH FRQIRUPLGDG FRQ ODV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDV TXH GLHURQ OXJDU DO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR \ HQ FRQFRUGDQFLD FRQ ORV SULQFLSLRV GH
IDYRUDELOLGDG\GHEXHQDIHUD]yQSRUODFXDO$FFLyQ6RFLDOGHEHUiGHWHUPLQDUHQFDGDFDVR
VL VH REVHUYDQ ODV UHJODV SUHYLVWDV SDUD SURFHGHU D OD LQVFULSFLyQ HQ HO 5HJLVWUR ÒQLFR GH
3REODFLyQ'HVSOD]DGD´
/RVSRVWXODGRVDQWHULRUHVVRQDSOLFDEOHVDOFDVRFRQFUHWRKDELGDFXHQWDTXH
FRPRVHWLHQHDFUHGLWDGRHOJUXSRSREODFLyQGH$OWR7LOODYiVHYLRFRPSHOLGR
SRU ODV FLUFXQVWDQFLDV DQWHV GHVFULWDV D FHQWUDU EXHQD SDUWH GH VX DFWLYLGDG
HFRQyPLFDHQODVLHPEUDGHFXOWLYRVLOtFLWRV'HEHWHQHUVHHQFXHQWDWDPELpQ
TXHHQODDFWXDOLGDGHOSUHGLRQRVHHQFXHQWUDGHVWLQDGRDWDODFWLYLGDG
$KRQGDQGR HQ UD]RQHV VL ODV DQWHULRUHV QR IXHUDQ VXILFLHQWHV SRGUtD
DSOLFDUVH D ORV FRORQRV GHO $OWR 7LOODYi HQ ODV VLWXDFLRQHV GHVFULWDV
SUHYLDPHQWH XQD FLUFXQVWDQFLD GH DXVHQFLD GH UHVSRQVDELOLGDG TXH
&&RQVW7/9DUJDV
&(PD\RH$+HUQiQGH]
&&RQVW7*0HQGR]D
67
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FRQVDJUDGD HQ OD OHJLVODFLyQ SHQDO QR WHQGUtD HQ HVWH FDVR HO JUDGR GH
ULJXURVLGDGTXHVHH[LJHHQWDOGLVFLSOLQD6HWUDWDGHODLQVXSHUDEOHFRDFFLyQ
DMHQDFRQVDJUDGDHQHOQXPHUDOžGHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GH/D
6DOD GH &DVDFLyQ 3HQDO GH OD &RUWH 6XSUHPD GH -XVWLFLD WLHQH GHILQLGR DVt
HVWHH[LPHQWHGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDG³DFWRGHYLROHQFLDPRUDOYHUGDGHUDPHQWHLUUHVLVWLEOH
JHQHUDGDSRUXQWHUFHURTXHWHQJDSRUFDXVDXQKHFKRDEVROXWDPHQWHDMHQRDODYROXQWDG
GHODJHQWHTXHORREOLJXHDHMHFXWDUDTXHOORTXHQRTXLHUHVXVWHQWDGRHQHOPLHGRRHQHO
WHPRU\ODYROXQWDGGHHYLWDUVHHOGDxRDPHQD]DGR´
5HVDOWDODFLWDGD&RUSRUDFLyQTXH³HOPLHGRDTXHVHKDFHUHIHUHQFLDHQODLQVXSHUDEOH
FRDFFLyQ DMHQD HV DTXHO TXH VXIUH HO LQGLYLGXR SRU DFWRV GH WHUFHUDV SHUVRQDV TXH OR ORJUD
DIHFWDU VtTXLFDPHQWH VLQ H[FOXLU OD YROXQWDULHGDG GH OD DFFLyQ SHUR Vt OR SULYD GH OD
QRUPDOLGDG QHFHVDULD SDUD SRGHU DWULEXLU UHVSRQVDELOLGDG SHQDO SRU HVWDU IXHUD GH
GRPLQLR HO FRQWURO GH OD VLWXDFLyQ KDFLHQGR TXH WDO HPRFLyQ VXSHUH OD H[LJHQFLD GH
VRSRUWDUPDOHV\SHOLJURV´
(QHVWDPLVPDOtQHD GLIHUHQFLDOD&RUWH6XSUHPDGH-XVWLFLDHQOD VHQWHQFLD
TXH VH YLHQH FRPHQWDQGR OD LQVXSHUDEOH FRDFFLyQ DMHQD \ HO DFWXDU
LPSXOVDGR SRU XQ PLHGR LQVXSHUDEOH LQGLFDQGR TXH ³HQ OD SULPHUD FDXVDO GH
DXVHQFLD GH UHVSRQVDELOLGDG HO PLHGR WLHQH VX JpQHVLV HQ HO FRPSRUWDPLHQWR DUELWUDULR H
LOHJDOGHXQWHUFHURSDWHQWL]DGRHQXQDIXHU]DLUUHVLVWLEOHWHQGLHQWHDFRQGLFLRQDUODYROXQWDG
GHOVXMHWRFRQHOILQGHTXHUHDOLFHXQDDFFLyQGHWHUPLQDGDPLHQWUDVTXHHQODVHJXQGDHO
PLHGRVXUJHHQHOiQLPRGHOKRPEUHVLQTXHH[LVWDFRDFFLyQRLQWLPLGDFLyQHOPLVPRSXHGH
SURYHQLU DQWH SHOLJURV UHDOHV R LPDJLQDULRV R WUDWDUVH GH XQ PLHGR LQVWLQWLYR UDFLRQDO R
LPDJLQDWLYR´
(OFRPSRUWDPLHQWRLOHJDO\DUELWUDULRGHXQWHUFHURHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGRSRUHO
DFFLRQDUGHOJUXSRJXHUULOOHURGHODV)$5&HQHO$OWR7LOODYiFX\DVIRUPDVGH
FRDFFLyQDODSREODFLyQLPSOLFDEDQHOULHVJRFRQWLQXRGHODYLGDPLVPDIXHU]D
TXH VyOR SRGtD UHVLVWLUVH FRQ OD KXLGD R DEDQGRQR R FRQ HO VRPHWLPLHQWR
LUUHVWULFWR JHQHUDQGR OD SULPDUD FLUFXQVWDQFLD HO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR \ OD
VHJXQGD HO LQYROXFUDPLHQWR HQ DFWLYLGDGHV DO PDUJHQ GH OD OH\ TXH VH
FRQFUHWDQHQHOFXOWLYRGHODKRMDGHFRFD
(O H[LPHQWH GH UHVSRQVDELOLGDG DO TXH DTXt VH DFXGH VH WUDGXFLUtD HQ OD
LQDSOLFDFLyQGHODQRUPDTXHH[LJHSDUDODDGMXGLFDFLyQGHXQELHQEDOGtRTXH
HOPLVPRQRKD\DVLGRGHGLFDGRDDFWLYLGDGHVLOtFLWDV
G 3RU RWUD SDUWH FRPR HQ HO DUWtFXOR GHO 'HFUHWR GH VH
HVWDEOHFHTXH ³HOVROLFLWDQWHGHODDGMXGLFDFLyQGHEHUiFXPSOLUFRQORVUHTXLVLWRVSUHYLVWRV
HQ HVWH DUWtFXOR UHODFLRQDGRV FRQ OD DSWLWXG GHO SUHGLR QR DFXPXODFLyQ R WUDQVIHUHQFLD GH
RFXSDFLRQHV FRQVHUYDFLyQ GH ]RQDV DPELHQWDOHV SURWHJLGDV H[WHQVLRQHV Pi[LPDV GH
DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH LVODV SOD\RQHV \ PDGUHYLHMDV GHVHFDGDV GH ORV UtRV ODJRV \ FLpQDJDV GH
SURSLHGDG QDFLRQDO \ ODV ]RQDV HVSHFLDOHV HQ ODV FXDOHV QR VH DGHODQWDUiQ SURJUDPDV GH
DGTXLVLFLyQ GH WLHUUDV \ ORV GHPiV UHTXLVLWRV TXH SRU /H\ QR HVWiQ H[FHSWXDGRV SDUD ORV
VROLFLWDQWHV HQ FRQGLFLyQ GH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR´ HQWLHQGH OD 6DOD TXH WDOHV UHTXLVLWRV
&6-3HQDOHPDU]-4XLQWHUR
68
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
HVWiQ FXPSOLGRV FRQ OD LQIRUPDFLyQ DSRUWDGR VREUH HO SDUWLFXODU SRU OD
8$(*57'HQODVROLFLWXGSUHVHQWDGDDQRPEUHGHODVYtFWLPDV
'HPDQHUDDGLFLRQDOH[LJHHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\TXHFXDQGRVHWUDWH
GH OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH EDOGtRV VH ³GHEHUi DFRJHU HO FULWHULR VREUH OD XQLGDG DJUtFROD
IDPLOLDU FRPR H[WHQVLyQ Pi[LPD D WLWXODU \ VHUi LQHILFD] FXDOTXLHU DGMXGLFDFLyQ TXH H[FHGD
GH HVWD H[WHQVLyQ´ SRU OR TXH UHVXOWD LPSRUWDQWH VHxDODU TXH ODV 8$) IXHURQ
UHJODPHQWDGDVDWUDYpVGHOD5HVROXFLyQGHDWUDYpVGHODFXDOVH
GHWHUPLQy OD H[WHQVLRQHV GH ODV XQLGDGHV DJUtFRODV IDPLOLDUHV SRU ]RQDV
UHODWLYDPHQWH KRPRJpQHDV \ TXH SDUD HO FDVR HVSHFtILFR GH OD UHJLyQ GHO
0HWD GHO 0XQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ \ OD UHJLyQ GH 7LOODYi FRUUHVSRQGH D
WUHV ]RQDV KRPRJpQHDV D 6HUUDQtD TXH VH XELFD DO VXU ³GH OD GHVHPERFDGXUD
GHO &DxR &DQDOHWH HQ HO UtR 0DQDFDFtDV OtQHD UHFWD LPDJLQDULD HQ GLUHFFLyQ HVWH KDVWD ODV
FDEHFHUDVRQDFLPLHQWRVGHO&DxR&DWDQDULERDJXDVDEDMRKDVWDVXGHVHPERFDGXUDHQHOUtR
3ODQDVSRUpVWHDJXDVDEDMRKDVWDODXQLyQFRQHOUtR7LOODYiHQGRQGHWRPDHOQRPEUHGH
UtR 9LFKDGD VH VLJXH SRU pVWH DJXDV DEDMR KDVWD OD LQWHUVHFFLyQ FRQ OD GLYLVLyQ SROtWLFR
DGPLQLVWUDWLYD GH ORV 'HSDUWDPHQWRV 0HWD \ 9LFKDGD 6H H[FHSW~DQ ORV YDJRQHV GHO UtR
7LOODYi]RQDVTXHRULJLQDOPHQWHFRUUHVSRQGHQRFRUUHVSRQGLHURQDERVTXHSULPDULR´OXJDU
HQHOFXDOODXQLGDGDJUtFRODIDPLOLDUHVWiFRPSUHQGLGDHQHOUDQJRGHD
KHFWiUHDVE6DEDQDTXHHQ3XHUWR*DLWiQYDGHVGHORVYHJRQHVGHO
UtR 7LOODYi ]RQDV TXH RULJLQDOPHQWH FRUUHVSRQGHQ R FRUUHVSRQGLHURQ D
ERVTXH SULPDULR HQ XQ UDQJR FRPSUHQGLGR HQWUH D KHFWiUHDV \ F
6DEDQDTXHLQFOX\HHOPXQLFLSLRGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ\TXHFRUUHVSRQGHD ³OD
UHJLyQVLWXDGDDOQRUWHGHOVLJXLHQWHOLQGHUR'HODGHVHPERFDGXUDGHO&DxR&DQDOHWHHQHO
UtR 0DQDFDFtDV OtQHD UHFWD LPDJLQDULD HQ GLUHFFLyQ HVWH KDVWD ODV FDEHFHUDV GHO &DxR
&DWDQDULER VH VLJXH SRU HVWH &DxR KDVWD VX GHVHPERFDGXUD HQ HO UtR 3ODQDV VH VLJXH SRU
pVWHDJXDVDEDMRKDVWDODXQLyQFRQHOUtR7LOODYiHQGRQGHWRPDHOQRPEUHGHUtR9LFKDGD
VH VLJXH SRU HO 9LFKDGD DJXDV DEDMR KDVWD OD LQWHUVHFFLyQ GH pVWH FRQ OD GLYLVLyQ SROtWLFR
DGPLQLVWUDWLYD GH ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GHO 0HWD \ 9LFKDGD´ 8$) FRPSUHQGLGD HQ HO
UDQJRGHDKHFWiUHDV
(OSUHGLRFX\DUHVWLWXFLyQVHVROLFLWDWDO\FRPRTXHGyH[SXHVWRHQORVGDWRV
LGHQWLILFDGRUHV GHO PLVPR FXHQWD FRQ XQ iUHD DSUR[LPDGD GH +HFWiUHDVSRUORTXHDODOX]GHODQRUPDWLYLGDGH[SXHVWDQRFXPSOLUtDFRQ
XQLGDGDJUtFRODIDPLOLDUPtQLPDVXVFHSWLEOHGHVHUDGMXGLFDGD
6LQ HPEDUJR GHEH WHQHUVH HQ FXHQWD TXH HO $FXHUGR 1R GH H[SHGLGR SRU OD -XQWD 'LUHFWLYD GHO ,1&25$ D~Q YLJHQWH HVWDEOHFH
H[FHSFLRQHV D OD QRUPD JHQHUDO TXH GHWHUPLQD OD WLWXODFLyQ GH ORV WHUUHQRV
EDOGtRV GH OD 1DFLyQ HQ XQLGDGHV DJUtFRODV IDPLOLDUHV GHQWUR GH OD FXDO VH
FRQWHPSOD HQ HO QXPHUDO ž OD SRVLELOLGDG GH ³OD WLWXODFLyQ GH ORWHV GH WHUUHQRV
EDOGtRV HQ iUHDV UXUDOHV GHVWLQDGRV SULQFLSDOPHQWH D KDELWDFLRQHV FDPSHVLQDV \ SHTXHxDV
H[SORWDFLRQHV DJURSHFXDULDV DQH[DV VLHPSUH TXH VH HVWDEOH]FD SRU HO ,QVWLWXWR TXH ORV
LQJUHVRV IDPLOLDUHV GHO VROLFLWDQWH VRQ LQIHULRUHV D ORV GHWHUPLQDGRV SDUD OD XQLGDG DJUtFROD
IDPLOLDU´
69
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
,JXDOPHQWHUHVXOWDLPSRUWDQWHWHQHUHQFXHQWDHO$FXHUGRGHGHO
,1&2'(5 QRUPD TXH FRQVDJUD HO 5HJODPHQWR *HQHUDO GH VHOHFFLyQ GH
EHQHILFLDULRV DGMXGLFDFLyQ \ UHJXODUL]DFLyQ GH OD WHQHQFLD GH ORV ELHQHV
LQJUHVDGRV DO )RQGR 1DFLRQDO $JUDULR HQ FDEH]D GHO ,QFRGHU HO FXDO HVWi
GLULJLGRDUHIRUPDUODHVWUXFWXUDGHODSURSLHGDGHQWUHRWURVDWUDYpVGHOD
LPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHSURJUDPDVGHUHGLVWULEXFLyQGHODSURSLHGDGSDUD³GRWDU
GHWLHUUDVDORVKRPEUHV\PXMHUHVFDPSHVLQRVGHHVFDVRVUHFXUVRVPD\RUHVGHDxRV
TXH QR OD SRVHDQ D ORV PLQLIXQGLVWDV PXMHUHV FDPSHVLQDV MHIHV GH KRJDU´ \ D ORV
EHQHILFLDULRV GH ORV SURJUDPDV HVSHFLDOHV TXH HVWDEOH]FD HO *RELHUQR
1DFLRQDO HQWUH ORV TXH VH HQFXHQWUD HO DFFHVR GH WLHUUD D SHTXHxRV \
PHGLDQRVSURGXFWRUHVUXUDOHV\SHUVRQDVHQFRQGLFLyQGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
1RUPDV HQ ODV FXDOHV VH HYLGHQFLD HO TXHUHU GHO HMHFXWLYR QDFLRQDO GH
IOH[LELOL]DU ODV QRUPDV LPSHUDQWHV VREUH DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH WLHUUDV TXH VH
HQFXHQWUDQDQRPEUHGHODQDFLyQ
&RQEDVHHQORVDQWHULRUHVFULWHULRVOD6DODRUGHQDUiDO,1&2'(5YHULILFDUOD
SRVLELOLGDG GH DGMXGLFDU HO LQPXHEOH REMHWR GHO SUHVHQWH WUiPLWH D ORV
VROLFLWDQWHV D SHVDU GH VX H[WHQVLyQ VLQ TXH HVWR DIHFWH HO GHUHFKR D OD
UHVWLWXFLyQTXHDTXtVHGHFODUD
LLL 3URFHGH OD 6DOD D HVWDEOHFHU DKRUD VL SXHGH SUHGLFDUVH UHVSHFWR GHO
RSRVLWRU OD EXHQD IH H[HQWD GH FXOSD TXH OR KDJD EHQHILFLDULR GH DOJ~Q WLSR
GHFRPSHQVDFLyQ
(ODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GHGLVSRQHTXHHORSRVLWRUGHEHDFUHGLWDU
VX EXHQD IH H[HQWD GH FXOSD GH PDQHUD TXH HO IDOODGRU SXHGD HQ OD
VHQWHQFLDILMDUODVFRPSHQVDFLRQHVDTXHKD\DOXJDUGHULYDGDVGHDTXHOOD
5HVSHFWRGHODEXHQDIHUHILULyHOPi[LPR7ULEXQDO&RQVWLWXFLRQDO&RORPELDQR
ORVLJXLHQWH
³/D EXHQD IH KD VLGR GHVGH WLHPSRV LQPHPRULDOHV XQR GH ORV SULQFLSLRV
IXQGDPHQWDOHV GHO GHUHFKR \D VH PLUH SRU VX DVSHFWR DFWLYR FRPR HO GHEHU GH
SURFHGHUFRQOHDOWDGHQQXHVWUDVUHODFLRQHVMXUtGLFDVRSRUHODVSHFWRSDVLYRFRPR
HO GHUHFKR D HVSHUDU TXH ORV GHPiV SURFHGDQ HQ OD PLVPD IRUPD (Q JHQHUDO ORV
KRPEUHVSURFHGHQGHEXHQDIHHVORTXH XVXDOPHQWHRFXUUH$GHPiVHOSURFHGHU
GHPDODIHFXDQGRPHGLDXQDUHODFLyQMXUtGLFDHQSULQFLSLRFRQVWLWX\HXQDFRQGXFWD
FRQWUDULD DO RUGHQDPLHQWR MXUtGLFR \ VDQFLRQDGD SRU pVWH (Q FRQVHFXHQFLD HV XQD
UHJOD JHQHUDO TXH OD EXHQD IH VH SUHVXPH GH XQD SDUWH HV OD PDQHUD XVXDO GH
FRPSRUWDUVH \GHODRWUDDODOX]GHOGHUHFKRODVIDOWDVGHEHQFRPSUREDUVH<HV
XQDIDOWDHOTXHEUDQWDUODEXHQDIH´
&&RQVW&-$UDQJR
70
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
$KRUDELHQHQFXDQWRDODDFUHGLWDFLyQGHODEXHQDIHH[HQWDGHFXOSDWLHQH
GLFKRODPLVPD&RUWH
³/DEXHQDIHH[HQWDGHFXOSDVHDFUHGLWDGHPRVWUDQGRQRVRORODFRQFLHQFLDGHKDEHU
DFWXDGRFRUUHFWDPHQWHVLQRWDPELpQODSUHVHQFLDGHXQFRPSRUWDPLHQWRHQFDPLQDGR
DYHULILFDUODUHJXODULGDGGHODVLWXDFLyQ´
3RU VX SDUWH HO Pi[LPR RUJDQLVPR GH OD MXULVGLFFLyQ GH OR &RQWHQFLRVR
$GPLQLVWUDWLYRKDH[SOLFDGRHODOFDQFHFRQWHQLGR\VLJQLILFDGRGHODEXHQDIH
VLPSOH\ODFXDOLILFDGDHQORVVLJXLHQWHVWpUPLQRV
³/DEXHQDIHVLPSOHHVHOVXSXHVWRQRUPDOGHWRGDDFWLYLGDGMXUtGLFD\TXHHO&yGLJR
&LYLOGHILQHHQUHODFLyQFRQODSRVHVLyQFRPR³ODFRQFLHQFLDGHKDEHUVHDGTXLULGRHO
GRPLQLRGHODFRVDSRUPHGLRVOHJtWLPRVH[HQWRVGHIUDXGH\GHWRGRYLFLR´$UWtFXOR
/D EXHQD IH HQ HVWH VHQWLGR HV OD VLPSOH FUHHQFLD GH REUDU FRQ MXVWLFLD \
UHFWLWXG\FRQVWLWX\HXQRGHORV6XSXHVWRVIXQGDPHQWDOHVGHORUGHQDPLHQWRMXUtGLFR
/D EXHQD IH FXDOLILFDGD R H[HQWD GH FXOSD R EXHQD IH FUHDGRUD GH GHUHFKRV
&RQVWLWX\HXQGHVDUUROORGHOSULQFLSLRJHQHUDOGHGHUHFKRTXHGHVGHORVURPDQRVVH
HQXQFLDGLFLHQGR³(UURUFRPPXQLVIDFLWMXV´HOHUURU&RP~QFUHDGHUHFKR
+D\ HUURU FRP~Q FXDQGR OD /H\ H[LJH TXH OD FUHHQFLD HTXLYRFDGD WHQJD FRPR
IXQGDPHQWR GH KHFKR XQD FLHUWD FODVH GH FLUFXQVWDQFLDV FDSDFHV GH LQGXFLU D XQD
SHUVRQD SUXGHQWH \ GLOLJHQWH HQ OD FUHHQFLD HTXLYRFDGD GH TXH VX VLWXDFLyQ HV
MXUtGLFDPHQWHSHUIHFWD(VWDFUHHQFLDHVSHFtILFDVHGHQRPLQDHQODGRFWULQDODEXHQD
IHFXDOLILFDGD
(QHVWDPRGDOLGDGGHODEXHQDIHHQWUDQHQMXHJRHOHPHQWRVREMHWLYRVTXHH[FHGHQ
DODVLPSOHFUHHQFLD
3RU HOOR VH DILUPD HQ OD GRFWULQD TXH OD EXHQD IH FXDOLILFDGD FRPSRUWD GRV
HOHPHQWRVXQRVXEMHWLYRODPHUDFUHHQFLD\RWURREMHWLYRTXHFRQVLVWHHQ
ODSUHVHQFLDGHFLHUWDVFLUFXQVWDQFLDVGHKHFKRFDSDFHVGHSURGXFLUHQXQD
SHUVRQD SUXGHQWH \ GLOLJHQWH OD VHJXULGDG GH VX FUHHQFLD´ UHVDOWDGR
GHOD6DOD
$SOLFDGRV ORV DQWHULRUHV FULWHULRV DO FDVR FRQFUHWR FRQFOX\H OD 6DOD TXH QR
SXHGHSUHGLFDUVHODEXHQDIHH[HQWDFXOSDGHORSRVLWRUSRUFXDQWRQRREUDQ
ODVFLUFXQVWDQFLDVFDSDFHVGHSURGXFLUHQXQDSHUVRQDSUXGHQWHODFRQYLFFLyQ
GHTXHVXDFWXDUHQODQHJRFLDFLyQGHOSUHGLRFRQODVROLFLWDQWHVHUHDOL]DED
VLQ TXH PHGLDUD XQD YXOQHUDFLyQ DO FRQVHQWLPLHQWR GH DTXHOOD OLEUH GH
DSUHPLR\TXHODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHOPLVPRVHDMXVWDEDQDGHUHFKR
5HViOWHVH TXH QR SXHGH SUHVXPLUVH XQ FRQVHQWLPLHQWR GH YROXQWDG OLEUH GH
DSUHPLRFXDQGRXQDPXMHUVRODGHEHQHJRFLDUIUHQWHDORVSUHVXQWRVDFWRUHV
GH OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GH VX HVSRVR \ EDMR FLUFXQVWDQFLDV GH YLROHQFLD
H[DFHUEDGD OD WUDQVIHUHQFLD GH XQRV GHUHFKRV 3RU OR TXH ODV FRQGLFLRQHV
PLVPDVHQTXHVHSURGXFHODQHJRFLDFLyQSHUPLWHQLQIHULUTXHHORSRVLWRUVH
DSURYHFKDGHODVFLUFXQVWDQFLDVGHLQIHULRULGDGGHODYtFWLPD
&&RQVW&0*RQ]iOH]
&(SULPHUDPD\H&*DOLQGR
71
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
6REUHHOSDUWLFXODUFDEHSUHJXQWDUVH¢3RUTXpVLODYROXQWDGGHORSRVLWRUHUD
QHJRFLDU HQ FRQGLFLRQHV MXVWDV \ REMHWLYDV OD WUDQVIHUHQFLD GHO SUHGLR QR
DFXGLyGLUHFWDPHQWHDODVROLFLWDQWHTXHSDUDODpSRFDHVWDEDUHVLGHQFLDGDHQ
9LOODYLFHQFLR \ HQ GyQGH QR VH SURGXFLUtDQ ODV VLWXDFLRQHV LQWLPLGDQWHV TXH
LPSOLFDED OD QHJRFLDFLyQ DQWH ODV )$5&" ¢3RU TXp OD LQVLVWHQFLD HQ KDFHU
DFXGLUDODVROLFLWDQWHD$OWR7LOODYi"\¢3RUTXHGLFKDQHJRFLDFLyQVHHIHFWXy
HQSUHVHQFLDGHORVJUXSRVJXHUULOOHURV"
(QFXHQWUDOD6DODTXHHQHOSUHVHQWHFDVRQRSXHGHSUHGLFDUVHUHVSHFWRGHO
RSRVLWRU QL D~Q OD EXHQD IH VLPSOH \D TXH pO PLVPR UHFRQRFH GHQWUR GHO
SURFHVR TXH QXQFD SDJR GH PDQHUD FRPSOHWD OD VXPD TXH VHJ~Q pO VH
FRPSURPHWLy D FDQFHODUOH D OD VROLFLWDQWH DXQDGR D TXH DTXHOOD PDQLILHVWD
IHKDFLHQWHPHQWH TXH DTXHO QR OH SDJy VXPD DOJXQD WDO \ FRPR VH KDEtD
FRPSURPHWLGRDQWHODJXHUULOOD
(QFRQVHFXHQFLDHORSRVLWRUQRVHUiREMHWRGHQLQJXQDFRPSHQVDFLyQHQHVWD
VHQWHQFLD \ VHUi FRQGHQDGR D UHVWLWXLU GH PDQHUD LQPHGLDWD OD WHQHQFLD GHO
SUHGLR
LY5HSDUDFLyQPiVDOOiGHOD5HVWLWXFLyQ
3DUDHVWD6DODVLJXLHQGRHOLQIRUPHGHO318'GHODVRODUHVWLWXFLyQ
GH WLHUUDV \ SDWULPRQLR QR JDUDQWL]D OD HVWDELOL]DFLyQ VRFLRHFRQyPLFD GH OD
SREODFLyQYtFWLPDGHOFRQIOLFWRDUPDGR
3RU OR TXH DGLFLRQDOPHQWH OD HVWDELOL]DFLyQ GHEH LU PiV DOOi GH OD VHJXULGDG
ItVLFDGHORVVROLFLWDQWHVGHUHVWLWXFLyQVLHQGRQHFHVDULDVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDV\
SUR\HFWRVTXHUHDFWLYHQODVHFRQRPtDVGHORVSREODGRUHVUXUDOHVWHQLHQGRHQ
FXHQWDODGHVWLQDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHORVSUHGLRVTXHVHUiQUHVWLWXLGRV(QHVWH
VHQWLGR OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GHEH SURFXUDU XQD RFXSDFLyQ GLJQD GHO WHUULWRULR \
HVWDEOHFHUXQDVFRQGLFLRQHVPtQLPDVTXHJDUDQWLFHQHOPHMRUDPLHQWRGHODV
YtFWLPDV UHVWLWXLGDV GH PDQHUD TXH FRQ HO WLHPSR HVWH SURFHVR QR VH
FRQVWLWX\DHQXQDIUXVWUDFLyQPiVFRPRODVTXHKDDFXPXODGRHOSDtVFRQHO
SURFHVR FRORQL]DGRU \ FRQ ODV SURSXHVWDV GH UHIRUPD DJUDULD FRPR
PHFDQLVPRVSDUDXQDPHMRUUHSDUWLFLyQGHODWLHUUD3RUVREUHWRGRVHGHEH
SURFXUDU TXH OD UHVWLWXFLyQ QR VH FRQYLHUWD HQ XQD RSRUWXQLGDG PiV SDUD OD
UHYLFWLPL]DFLyQ
/D &RUWH &RQVWLWXFLRQDO KD DGYHUWLGR \D TXH ODV DFFLRQHV GH ORV HQWHV
WHUULWRULDOHV \ GHO (VWDGR FHQWUDO SDUD JDUDQWL]DU OD HVWDELOL]DFLyQ
VRFLRHFRQyPLFDQRKDQWHQLGRODPLVPDFODULGDGTXHODVSROtWLFDVGHDWHQFLyQ
KXPDQLWDULD VHxDODQGR TXH OD HVWDELOL]DFLyQ HV OD IDVH PiV DWUDVDGD GH ODV
SROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVGHDWHQFLyQ
2SFLWS
&&RQVW$
72
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3RUORH[SXHVWRFRQVLGHUDOD6DODLPSRUWDQWHGHFDUDDODVPHGLGDVTXHVH
WRPDUiQ HQ HVWD VHQWHQFLD \ D ODV REOLJDFLRQHV TXH WLHQH OD MXVWLFLD
WUDQVLFLRQDO HQ HO SRVWIDOOR OR PDQLIHVWDGR SRU HO HVSHFLDOLVWD HQ HO VHFWRU
DJUDULR$EVDOyQ0DFKDGR
³8QFULWHULR YiOLGRSDUDXQUHIRUPDDJUDULDPRGHUQDHVTXHQRWLHQHVHQWLGRVHJXLU
LQVLVWLHQGRHQHOUHSDUWRGHODSURSLHGDGSRUHOVLPSOHSUXULWRGHUHSDUWLUWLHUUD6LQ
GHVFRQRFHUTXHHOORHVLPSRUWDQWH\QHFHVDULRHQXQDHVWUDWHJLDGHUHGLVWULEXFLyQGH
DFWLYRV \ PHMRUDV HQ HO XVR GHO VXHOR KR\ HV WDPELpQ LJXDOPHQWH LPSRUWDQWH OD
FUHDFLyQ \ UHSDUWR GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV GH LQJUHVR GH HPSOHRV UHPXQHUDWLYRV \ GH
DUWLFXODFLyQDORVPHUFDGRVFRQVHJXULGDGVRFLDOORTXHFDPELDODFRQFHSFLyQVREUH
OD UHIRUPD DJUDULD \ FRQGXFH D DQDOL]DU GH PDQHUD PiV FODUD OD UHODFLyQ GH OR
XUEDQR \ OR UXUDO \ OD FRQFHSFLyQ VREUH OD VRFLHGDG UXUDO VXV LQVWLWXFLRQHV \ VX
GHVDUUROOR3DUDXQDJUDQPDVDGHSREODGRUHVUXUDOHVKR\HQGtDHQFRQGLFLRQHVGH
GHVHPSOHR\RSUROHWDUL]DFLyQWRWDORSDUFLDO\SDUDPXFKRVPLQLIXQGLVWDVHVPHMRU
LQWHJUDUVH D HPSOHRV H LQJUHVRV H[WUDSUHGLDOHV GLQiPLFRV TXH PDQWHQHU HO GLItFLO \
KHURLFR LQWHQWR GH FRQVHUYDUVH FRPR SURGXFWRUHV DJURSHFXDULRV (OOR TXLHUH GHFLU
TXHODDJULFXOWXUDQRHVOD~QLFDQLODPHMRURSFLyQSDUDWRGRVORVSREODGRUHVUXUDOHV
DOJR TXH GHEHQ HQWHQGHU FODUDPHQWH ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV S~EOLFDV \ SULYDGDV \ ORV
DJHQWHVGHOVHFWRUUXUDO´<DJUHJD³(OUHSDUWRGHWLHUUDVFRPRVHKDUHDOL]DGRKDVWD
DKRUD QR FDPELD ORV SRGHUHV GH QHJRFLDFLyQ GH ORV DJULFXOWRUHV DO FRQWUDULR ORV
IUDJPHQWD PLHQWUDV ORV GHPiV SRGHUHV FRQ LQIOXHQFLD GHILQLWLYD HQ OD WRPD GH
GHFLVLRQHVWLHQHQXQDGLQiPLFDSHUPDQHQWHGHFRQFHQWUDFLyQGHSRGHU6HHQJDxDQ
TXLHQHV FUHHQ TXH EDVWD UHSDUWLU OD SURSLHGDG SDUD VROXFLRQDU OD FXHVWLyQ UXUDO /D
UHIRUPDDJUDULDGHEHEXVFDUODDUWLFXODFLyQGHODVH[SORWDFLRQHVDJUtFRODVDFDGHQDV
SURGXFWLYDV FRPSHWLWLYDV FRQ LQVWUXPHQWRV TXH SHUPLWDQ PDQHMDU FRQFHSWRV GH
HTXLGDG« 1R WHQGUtD VHQWLGR XQ HVIXHU]R GH UHIRUPD DJUDULD SDUD DVLJQDU SDUFHODV
GHQWUR GH XQD OyJLFD VXEVLVWHQFLD WUDGLFLRQDO VLQ SRVLELOLGDG GH PHMRUDU LQJUHVRV \
DUWLFXODUVHDORVPHUFDGRV\FRQJUDQIUDJLOLGDGFRPRXQLGDGHVSURGXFWLYDV´
'HPDQHUDHVSHFLDOHQHOFDVRTXHDKRUDRFXSDOD6DODUHVXOWDGHODPD\RU
LPSRUWDQFLD GHWHUPLQDU GH PDQHUD HIHFWLYD OD YRFDFLyQ HFRQyPLFD GHO
SUHGLR FX\DV UHVWLWXFLyQ VH RUGHQD \D TXH HQ OD PLVPD GHPDQGD VH
PDQLILHVWDTXHHOPLVPRKDFHSDUWHGHSUHGLRVGHPD\RUH[WHQVLyQUHVSHFWR
GHORVFXDOHVOD$VRFLDFLyQ1DFLRQDOGH+LGURFDUEXURVKDVXVFULWRXQFRQWUDWR
GHH[SORUDFLyQ\H[SORWDFLyQTXHVHHQFXHQWUDYLJHQWHHQODSULPHUDIDVH
&RQVLGHUDOD6DODTXHHOELHQHVWDUGHODVYtFWLPDV\ODPDWHULDOL]DFLyQGHORV
REMHWLYRVGHODMXVWLFLDWUDQVLFLRQDO\HVSHFLDOPHQWHGHOD/H\GH
REOLJDQ D SUHYHQLU UHVSHFWR GH XQD QXHYD IXHQWH GH FRQIOLFWRV HQ OD UHJLyQ
FRPRELHQVHDQDOL]DHQHVWXGLRSUHYLDPHQWHFLWDGR
³(VWDVOXFKDVSRUHOSRGHUWLHQHQXQQXHYRLQFHQWLYRODULTXH]DSHWUROtIHUDGHO0HWD
TXH DSDUHFH FRPR HO WHUULWRULR PiV SURPLVRULR HQ HVWH UHFXUVR TXH VXSHUDUtD SRU
DKRUD D &DVDQDUH \ $UDXFD DQWLJXRV SULPHURV SURGXFWRUHV (O SRVLFLRQDPLHQWR GH
LQWHUHVHVHQODQXHYDIXHQWHGHULTXH]DFRPHQ]yKDFHFDVLGLH]DxRVUHFLpQURWDVODV
QHJRFLDFLRQHV HQWUH HO JRELHUQR \ ODV )DUF 'HVGH HQWRQFHV ODV SHUVSHFWLYDV GH
H[SORWDFLyQ GH KLGURFDUEXURV QR KDQ GHMDGR GH PHMRUDU WDO FRPR OR PXHVWUD HO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWRGHO3,%GHSDUWDPHQWDOHQHOFXDOHVWHUHQJOyQUHVWDFDGDYH]PiV
LPSRUWDQFLD D ODV DFWLYLGDGHV DJUtFRODV 'H PDQHUD VLPLODU D FRPR KR\ VXFHGH FRQ
3XHUWR*DLWiQ&XPDUDOR&DEX\DURPDxDQDSRGUtDQVHU9LVWDKHUPRVD\/HMDQtDVR
WDO YH] OD 0DFDUHQD \ 8ULEH ORV SXQWRV GH PD\RU LPSRUWDQFLD HFRQyPLFD SRU FDXVD
GHOSHWUyOHR
/DFXHVWLyQDJUDULD2EFLWS
73
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3RUDKRUDORVFRQIOLFWRVVRFLDOHV\ODERUDOHVDQWHFHGHQDORTXHSRGUtDYLQFXODUVHFRQ
GLVSXWDV HQWUH IDFFLRQHV DUPDGDV SRU DFFHGHU D ORV EHQHILFLRV HQ ORV UHFXUVRV
JHQHUDGRV SRU ODV UHJDOtDV (Q HVWD HYHQWXDO GLVSXWD HO DFFHVR D EDOGtRV \ OD
WLWXODFLyQGHDSUHFLDEOHVH[WHQVLRQHVGHWLHUUDHVXQDVXQWRFDUGLQDO(VHVWR\DGDQ
WHVWLPRQLRORVSDUDPLOLWDUHVOOHJDGRVD6DQWR'RPLQJR&DxR$PDULOOR%XHQRV$LUHV\
*XDSD\D HQ MXULVGLFFLyQ GH 9LVWDKHUPRVD FXDQGR DGYLHUWHQ D ORV KDELWDQWHV GH
HVWRVFDVHUtRVTXHGHWUiVGHHOORVDUULEDUiQODVHPSUHVDVSHWUROHUDV/RVDQXQFLRVGH
XQ QXHYD ERQDQ]D HFRQyPLFD GHVSLHUWDQ LQTXLHWXG HQWUH ORV KDELWDQWHV GDGR TXH
GHWUiVGHHOODVHLQWX\HXQQXHYRFLFORGHYLROHQFLD
(Q RSLQLyQ GH HVWRV PLVPRV KDELWDQWHV HO FLFOR GH OD FRFD KD WRFDGR D VX ILQ 6X
FXOWLYR \ VX SURFHVDPLHQWR DUWHVDQDO QR GHVSLHUWDQ \D HO PLVPR HQWXVLDVPR (QWUH
ORV DQWLJXRV SURGXFWRUHV GH EDVH GH FRFD VH SHUFLEH FLHUWR FDQVDQFLR FRPR
UHVXOWDGR HQ SDUWH GH OD SHUVHFXFLyQ \ HVWLJPDWL]DFLyQ JXEHUQDPHQWDOHV \ GH ODV
DPHQD]DV SROLFLDOHV HQGHUH]DGDV D DUUHEDWDUOHV VXV WLHUUDV FRQ HO SUHWH[WR GH TXH
HVWiQ ³GHGLFDGDV DO QDUFRWUiILFR´ 7DPELpQ SRUTXH QR KD\ TXLHQ FRPSUH OD
³PHUFDQFtD´TXHRWURUDVHYHQGtDHQODSURSLDHQWUDGDGHOIXQGR«´
&RQHVWDSUHRFXSDFLyQHQPHQWHOD6DODUHTXLULyDOD8QLGDG$GPLQLVWUDWLYD
(VSHFLDO SDUD OD $WHQFLyQ \ 5HSDUDFLyQ ,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX
FRQGLFLyQGHFRRUGLQDGRUDGHODVJHVWLRQHVQDFLyQWHUULWRULR\FRPRPLHPEUR
GHORVFRPLWpVWHUULWRULDOHVGHMXVWLFLDWUDQVLFLRQDO\DO*REHUQDGRUGHO0HWD
FRPR SUHVLGHQWH GHO FRPLWp GHSDUWDPHQWDO GH MXVWLFLD WUDQVLFLRQDO SDUD TXH
LQIRUPDUDQ DO HVWDEOHFLPLHQWR GH SROtWLFDV FRQFUHWDV \ HVSHFtILFDV HQ
DQWLFLSDFLyQ DO LPSRUWDQWH Q~PHUR GH VROLFLWXGHV GH UHVWLWXFLyQ TXH VH
DGHODQWDQ WDQWR HQ OD HWDSD DGPLQLVWUDWLYD FRPR MXGLFLDO GH SUHGLRV HQ $OWR
7LOODYiPXQLFLSLRGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ
/DVUHVSXHVWDVDODQWHULRUUHTXHULPLHQWRVHOLPLWDURQSRUSDUWHGHODSULPHUD
HQWLGDG D UHPLWLU XQD LQIRUPDFLyQ UHODFLRQDGD FRQ OD FDOLGDG GH YtFWLPDV
UHJLVWUDGDVGH6RUD\D$QJDULWD\VXJUXSRIDPLOLDU/D*REHUQDFLyQGHO0HWD
SRU VX SDUWH HQYLy &' TXH FRQWLHQH HO ³3/$1 '( $&&,Ï1 '(3$57$0(17$/
3$5$/$35(9(1&,Ï1$7(1&,Ï1$6,67(1&,$<5(3$5$&,Ï1,17(*5$/$
/$69Ë&7,0$6'(/&21)/,&72$50$'2(1(/'(3$57$0(172'(/0(7$´
SHUR VLQ VXPLQLVWUDU LQIRUPDFLyQ FRQFUHWD UHODFLRQDGD FRQ $OWR 7LOODYi
MXULVGLFFLyQWHUULWRULDOGHO0HWDSULPHUDHQVHUPLFURIRFDOL]DGD\HQODFXDOVH
FRQFHQWUD OD PD\RU DFWLYLGDG UHODFLRQDGD FRQ OD HIHFWLYLGDG GH OD /H\ GH
9tFWLPDV
5HYLVDGR HO GRFXPHQWR HOHFWUyQLFR UHPLWLGR SRU HO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD
HVSHFtILFDPHQWH HQ FXDQWR D OR UHODFLRQDGR FRQ UHWRUQRV \ UHXELFDFLRQHV
DSUHFLDOD6DODORVLJXLHQWH
³'HILQLFLyQGHOREMHWLYRHVWUDWpJLFR
&RQIOLFWR\WHUULWRULRRSFLWS
74
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
3URPRYHUFRQWULEXLU\JHVWLRQDUORVUHFXUVRV QHFHVDULRVSDUDDTXHOODVFRPXQLGDGHV
TXH KDQ VLGR YtFWLPDV GHO GHVSOD]DPLHQWR IRU]DGR \ TXH KDQ GHFLGLGR UHJUHVDU
YROXQWDULDPHQWHDVXVWLHUUDVRDVHQWDUVHHQRWUROXJDUSDUDKDFHUHIHFWLYRVHOJRFH
GHGHUHFKRV´
6H LQILHUH GH OR WUDVFULWR TXH HO REMHWLYR SURSXHVWR VREUH HO WHPD HV
HPLQHQWHPHQWHUHDFWLYRQRSURSRVLWLYRQLDQWLFLSDWRULR
(Q HO DQWHULRU FRQWH[WR SURFHGH OD VDOD D HVWDEOHFHU XQD VHULH GH PHGLGDV
WHQGLHQWHV D JDUDQWL]DU GH PDQHUD HIHFWLYD OD RUGHQ GH UHVWLWXFLyQ TXH VH
HPLWLUi HQ OD SUHVHQWH GHFLVLyQ WRGR FRQ DUDV GH VDOYDJXDUGDU ORV LQWHUHVHV
GH OD YtFWLPD \ GH ORJUDU HO FXPSOLPLHQWR GH ORV REMHWLYRV WUD]DGRV SRU OD
MXVWLFLDWUDQVLFLyQHQHOPDUFRGHOD/H\GHYtFWLPDVTXHULJHHOSURFHVRDOTXH
QRVYHPRVDERFDGRV
(Q SULPHU OXJDU \ FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GH OR HQXQFLDGR HQ SUHFHGHQFLD VH
QHJDUi OD RSRVLFLyQ HIHFWXDGD SRU ORV VHxRUHV 3HGUR /HyQ *yPH] \
(VSHUDQ]D &DUGR]R GH 2VRULR D OD VROLFLWXG GH UHVWLWXFLyQ GHO SUHGLR
GHQRPLQDGR³/D3UHFLRVD´FRQXQDH[WHQVLyQGHKHFWiUHDVPHWURV
FXDGUDGRV XELFDGR HQ OD ,QVSHFFLyQ GH 3ROLFtD GH $OWR 7LOODYi GHO PXQLFLSLR
GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD SUHVHQWDGD SRU OD VHxRUD 6RUD\D
$QJDULWDDIDYRUVX\R\GHVXQ~FOHRIDPLOLDU
(QFRQVHFXHQFLDVHRUGHQD
/D 5(67,78&,Ï1 '( /$ 2&83$&,Ï1 GHO 3UHGLR GHQRPLQDGR ³/D
3UHFLRVD´ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQIRUPH D OD JHRUHIHUHQFLDFLyQ UHDOL]DGD SRU OD
8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV
'HVSRMDGDVDVt3XQWR/RQJLWXGž´:/DWLWXGž´1
3XQWR /RQJLWXG ž ´: /DWLWXG ž ´ 1 3XQWR /RQJLWXG ž ´: /DWLWXG ž ´1 3XQWR /RQJLWXG ž
´:/DWLWXGž´1/RWHGHWHUUHQRLGHQWLILFDGRFRQQ~PHUR
GH PDWUtFXOD LQPRELOLDULD SURYLVLRQDO D IDYRU GH OD 1DFLyQ \
1~PHUR FDWDVWUDO HO FXDO FXHQWD FRQ XQ iUHD GH
KHFWiUHDV D IDYRU GH OD VHxRUD 625$<$ $1*$5,7$ *,5Ï1
LGHQWLILFDGD FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO
HQVXFDOLGDGGHFRPSDxHUDSHUPDQHQWHGHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D
0DQWLOOD\HOUHVWDQWHGHOSUHGLRDIDYRUGHORVKLMRVGHpVWRV0,//(5
('8$5'29,*2//$$1*$5,7$LGHQWLILFDGRFRQODFpGXODGHFLXGDGDQtD
1R HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO -+21$77$1 $1'5e6
9,*2//$ $1*$5,7$ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R
HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO ',',(5 $/(;$1'(5 9,*2//$
$1*$5,7$ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R HQ
SRUFHQWDMHGHO\:,/%(5-26e9,*2//$$1*$5,7$LGHQWLILFDGR
75
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R LJXDOPHQWH HQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO
2UGHQDU D OD 2ILFLQD GH 5HJLVWUR GH ,QVWUXPHQWRV 3~EOLFRV GH 3XHUWR
/ySH] 0HWD OD LQVFULSFLyQ GH OD VHQWHQFLD TXH RUGHQD OD UHVWLWXFLyQ GH
RFXSDFLyQ D IDYRU GH ODV YtFWLPDV UHIHUHQFLDV HQ HO QXPHUDO SULPHUR HQ HO
)ROLRGH0DWUtFXOD,QPRELOLDULD
2UGHQDUTXHHO/RWHREMHWRGHUHVWLWXFLyQTXHGHSURWHJLGRHQORVWpUPLQRV
GHO DUWtFXOR GH VLHPSUH \ FXDQGR OD VROLFLWDQWH PDQLILHVWH SRU
HVFULWRVXDFHSWDFLyQDODSUHVHQWHRUGHQGHSURWHFFLyQ
2UGHQDUDOD8QLGDG$GPLQLVWUDWLYD(VSHFLDO3DUDOD$WHQFLyQ\5HSDUDFLyQ
,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV JHVWLRQHV
QDFLyQWHUULWRULR DO ,1&2'(5 \ DO *REHUQDGRU GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR HQ VX
FRQGLFLyQ GH 3UHVLGHQWH GHO &RPLWp GH -XVWLFLD 7UDQVLFLRQDO GHO 0HWD TXH
UHDOLFHQXQHVWXGLRGHYLDELOLGDGGHOUHWRUQRGHODVSHUVRQDVUHODFLRQDGDVHQ
HO QXPHUDO VHJXQGR SUFHGHQWH DO WHUULWRULR UHVWLWXLGR FRQ EDVH HQ ODV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDVDQDOL]DGDVTXHVHUHODFLRQDQFRQODH[WHQVLyQGHOSUHGLRFX\D
UHVWLWXFLyQVHRUGHQD\ORVFULWHULRVVHxDODGRVHQHODFiSLWHGHOSUHVHQWHIDOOR
WLWXODGR͞LY5HSDUDFLyQPiVDOOiGHOD5HVWLWXFLyQ´ORTXHLPSOLFDTXH
L (O ,1&2'(5 GHQWUR GHO PHV VLJXLHQWH D OD QRWLILFDFLyQ GH OD SUHVHQWH
VHQWHQFLD GHEHUi GHWHUPLQDU VL QR REVWDQWH OD H[WHQVLyQ GHO SUHGLR FX\D
UHVWLWXFLyQ VH RUGHQD pVWH SXHGH VHU REMHWR GH DGMXGLFDFLyQ HQ ODV
FLUFXQVWDQFLDVH[FHSFLRQDOHVTXHVHFRQVDJUDQVREUHHOSDUWLFXODU
LL (O ,1&2'(5 OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \
5HSDUDFLyQ ,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV
JHVWLRQHV QDFLyQWHUULWRULR \ HO &RPLWp GH -XVWLFLD 7UDQVLFLRQDO GHO 0HWD
SUHVLGLGR SRU DO *REHUQDGRU GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR TXLHQ OR UHSUHVHQWDUi SDUD
HIHFWRV GH HVWH IDOOR GHEHUiQ GHILQLU D OD YRFDFLyQ HFRQyPLFD GH OD UHJLyQ
HQ OD TXH VH HQFXHQWUD HO SUHGLR KDELGD FXHQWD GH ODV DFWLYLGDGHV GH
H[SORUDFLyQ SHWUROHUD TXH GHVGH WLHPSR DWUiV VH YLHQHQ HIHFWXDQGR HQ OD
]RQDEODSRWHQFLDOLGDGDJUtFRODRSHFXDULDGHOWHUUHQRF/DH[LVWHQFLDGH
SURJUDPDV UHDOHV GH SURGXFWLYLGDG DJUtFROD TXH SXHGHQ HMHFXWDUVH HQ OD
UHJLyQSRUODVSHUVRQDVDTXtUHVWLWXLGDVGODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDGGHOD
]RQD\ODJDUDQWtDGHQRUHYLFWLPL]DFLyQGHORVVROLFLWDQWHV
3DUD OR DQWHULRU ODV HQWLGDGHV DTXt HQXQFLDGDV GHEHUiQ HIHFWXDU ORV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV HVWXGLRV \ FRPSHQGLDU VXV UHVXOWDGRV HQ XQ WpUPLQR GH
76
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
FXDWURPHVHVFRQWDGRVDSDUWLUGHODQRWLILFDFLyQGHOSUHVHQWHSURYHtGR
HVWDQGR HQ OD REOLJDFLyQ GH UHPLWLU D HVWH 'HVSDFKR LQIRUPHV PHQVXDOHV
VREUHGLFKDVDFWLYLGDGHV
LLL 'HFLGLGD OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GHO DQWHULRU DQiOLVLV HO
,1&2'(5 GHQWUR GHO PHV VLJXLHQWH D OD QRWLILFDFLyQ GH WDO GHFLVLyQ SRU HO
7ULEXQDO UHDOL]DUi OD UHVSHFWLYD DGMXGLFDFLyQ GHO ELHQ EDOGtR REMHWR GH
UHVWLWXFLyQDIDYRUGHODVYLFWLPDVEHQHILFLDGDVFRQHOSUHVHQWHIDOOR
LY (Q FDVR TXH GH ODV FRQFOXVLRQHV ILQDOHV GHO HVWXGLR VH GHULYH TXH QR
H[LVWHQ FRQGLFLRQHV UHDOHV SDUD HO UHWRUQR GH ORV DTXt UHVWLWXLGRV DO SUHGLR
LQGLFDGR OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \ 5HSDUDFLyQ
,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV JHVWLRQHV
QDFLyQWHUULWRULR\HO&RPLWpGH-XVWLFLD7UDQVLFLRQDOGHO0HWDSUHVLGLGRSRUHO
*REHUQDGRU GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR TXLHQ OR UHSUHVHQWDUi SDUD HIHFWRV GH HVWH
IDOORGHEHUiSUHVHQWDUDQWHHO7ULEXQDODOWHUQDWLYDVSDUDFRPSHQVDUD
ORV DTXt UHVWLWXLGRV FRQ XQ SUHGLR GH VLPLODUHV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV \ FRQGLFLRQHV
GHOUHVWLWXLGRRGHFRPSHQVDFLyQGLQHUDULDFRQIXQGDPHQWRHQORHVWDEOHFLGR
HQ HO DUWtFXOR GH OD /H\ GH 'H DVt GHFLGLUOR GHEHUi SRQHU HO
SUHGLR D GLVSRVLFLyQ GHO )RQGR GH OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH
*HVWLyQ GH 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH WLHUUDV GH FRQIRUPLGDG FRQ OR HVWDEOHFLGR HQ HO
QXPHUDO.GHODUWtFXORGHODFLWDGD/H\GH
$VtPLVPROD8QLGDG$GPLQLVWUDWLYD(VSHFLDOGH*HVWLyQGH5HVWLWXFLyQGH
7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV GHEHUi HQ DVRFLR FRQ OD 3ROLFtD 1DFLRQDO \R HO (MpUFLWR
1DFLRQDO±GHVHUHOFDVRREWHQHUODHQWUHJDHIHFWLYDGHOSUHGLRTXHTXHGDUi
HQFXVWRGLDGHOD8QLGDGKDVWDWDQWRVHFXPSODFRQORGHFLGLGRHQHOQXPHUDO
SUHFHGHQWH 3DUD UHDOL]DU OD GLOLJHQFLD GH HQWUHJD VH FRPLVLRQD DO -X]JDGR
3URPLVFXR0XQLFLSDOGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ0HWDFRQIXQGDPHQWRHQORVDUWtFXORV
\VLJXLHQWHVGHO&yGLJRGH3URFHGLPLHQWR&LYLO
'(&,6,Ï1
3RUORH[SXHVWRHO7ULEXQDO6XSHULRUGHO'LVWULWR-XGLFLDOGH%RJRWiHQ6DOD
&LYLO GH 'HFLVLyQ HVSHFLDOL]DGD HQ 5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV DGPLQLVWUDQGR
MXVWLFLDHQQRPEUHGHOD5HS~EOLFD\SRUDXWRULGDGGHOD&RQVWLWXFLyQ
5(68(/9(
77
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
35,0(52 1(*$5 OD RSRVLFLyQ IRUPXODGD SRU ORV VHxRUHV 3HGUR /HyQ
*yPH] \ (VSHUDQ]D &DUGR]R GH 2VRULR D OD VROLFLWXG GH UHVWLWXFLyQ GHO
SUHGLRGHQRPLQDGR³/D3UHFLRVD´FRQXQDH[WHQVLyQGHKHFWiUHDV
PHWURV FXDGUDGRV XELFDGR HQ OD ,QVSHFFLyQ GH 3ROLFtD GH $OWR 7LOODYi GHO
PXQLFLSLR GH 3XHUWR *DLWiQ 'HSDUWDPHQWR GHO 0HWD UHDOL]DGD SRU OD VHxRUD
6RUD\D$QJDULWDDIDYRUVX\R\GHVXQ~FOHRIDPLOLDU
6(*81'225'(1$5/$5(67,78&,Ï1'(/$2&83$&,Ï1GHO3UHGLR
GHQRPLQDGR ³/D 3UHFLRVD´ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQIRUPH D OD JHRUHIHUHQFLDFLyQ
UHDOL]DGDSRUOD8QLGDG$GPLQLVWUDWLYD(VSHFLDOGH*HVWLyQGH5HVWLWXFLyQGH
7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV DVt 3XQWR /RQJLWXG ž ´: /DWLWXG ž
´1 3XQWR /RQJLWXG ž ´: /DWLWXG ž 1´
3XQWR/RQJLWXGž´:/DWLWXGž´13XQWR/RQJLWXG
ž ´: /DWLWXG ž ´1 /RWH GH WHUUHQR LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ
Q~PHURGHPDWUtFXODLQPRELOLDULDSURYLVLRQDDIDYRUGHOD1DFLyQ
\1~PHURFDWDVWUDOHOFXDOFXHQWDFRQXQiUHDGH
KHFWiUHDV D IDYRU GH OD VHxRUD 625$<$ $1*$5,7$ *,5Ï1
LGHQWLILFDGD FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO
HQVXFDOLGDGGHFRPSDxHUDSHUPDQHQWHGHOVHxRU-RVp$JXVWtQ9LJR\D
0DQWLOOD\HOUHVWDQWHGHOSUHGLRDIDYRUGHORVKLMRVGHpVWRV0,//(5
('8$5'29,*2//$$1*$5,7$LGHQWLILFDGRFRQODFpGXODGHFLXGDGDQtD
1R HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO -+21$77$1 $1'5e6
9,*2//$ $1*$5,7$ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R
HQ XQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO ',',(5 $/(;$1'(5 9,*2//$
$1*$5,7$ LGHQWLILFDGR FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R HQ
SRUFHQWDMHGHO\:,/%(5-26e9,*2//$$1*$5,7$LGHQWLILFDGR
FRQ OD FpGXOD GH FLXGDGDQtD 1R LJXDOPHQWH HQ SRUFHQWDMH GHO
7(5&(52 2UGHQDU D OD 2ILFLQD GH 5HJLVWUR GH ,QVWUXPHQWRV 3~EOLFRV GH
3XHUWR /ySH] 0HWD OD LQVFULSFLyQ GH OD VHQWHQFLD TXH RUGHQD OD UHVWLWXFLyQ
GH RFXSDFLyQ D IDYRU GH ODV YtFWLPDV UHIHUHQFLDGDV HQ HO QXPHUDO SULPHUR
SUHFHGHQWH HQHO )ROLR GH 0DWUtFXOD ,QPRELOLDULD 3RU6HFUHWDUtD
OtEUHVHHOFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHRILFLRDQH[DQGRFRSLDGHODSUHVHQWHVHQWHQFLD
&8$5722UGHQDUTXHHO/RWHREMHWRGHUHVWLWXFLyQTXHGHSURWHJLGRHQORV
WpUPLQRVGHOD/H\GHVLHPSUH\FXDQGRORVEHQHILFLDULRVGHHVWH
IDOORPDQLILHVWHQSRUHVFULWRVXDFHSWDFLyQDODSUHVHQWHRUGHQGHSURWHFFLyQ
(QFDVRGHJXDUGDUVLOHQFLRVHHQWHQGHUiTXHQRDFFHGHQDODPLVPD
78
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
48,172 2UGHQDU D OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \
5HSDUDFLyQ ,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV
JHVWLRQHVQDFLyQWHUULWRULRDO,1&2'(5\DO*REHUQDGRUGHO'HSDUWDPHQWRHQ
VXFRQGLFLyQGH3UHVLGHQWHGHO&RPLWpGH-XVWLFLD7UDQVLFLRQDOGHO0HWDTXH
UHDOLFHQXQHVWXGLRGHYLDELOLGDGGHOUHWRUQRGHODVSHUVRQDVFX\DUHVWLWXFLyQ
VHRUGHQDDOWHUULWRULRUHVWLWXLGRFRQEDVHHQODVLWXDFLyQDQDOL]DGDUHVSHFWR
DODH[WHQVLyQGHOSUHGLRDUHVWLWXLU\ORVFULWHULRVVHxDODGRVHQHODFiSLWHGHO
SUHVHQWH IDOOR WLWXODGR ³LY 5HSDUDFLyQ PiV DOOi GH OD 5HVWLWXFLyQ´ OR
TXHLPSOLFDTXH
L (O ,1&2'(5 GHQWUR GHO PHV VLJXLHQWH D OD QRWLILFDFLyQ GH OD SUHVHQWH
VHQWHQFLD GHEH GHWHUPLQDU VL QR REVWDQWH OD H[WHQVLyQ GHO SUHGLR FX\D
UHVWLWXFLyQ VH RUGHQD pVWH HQ VX FDOLGDG GH EDOGtR SXHGH VHU REMHWR GH
DGMXGLFDFLyQ GH FRQIRUPLGDG FRQ H[FHSFLRQDOHV TXH VH FRQVDJUDQ VREUH HO
SDUWLFXODU
LL (O ,1&2'(5 OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \
5HSDUDFLyQ ,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV
JHVWLRQHV QDFLyQWHUULWRULR \ HO &RPLWp GH -XVWLFLD 7UDQVLFLRQDO GHO 0HWD
SUHVLGLGR SRU DO *REHUQDGRU GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR TXLHQ OR UHSUHVHQWDUi SDUD
HIHFWRVGHHVWHIDOORGHEHUiQGHILQLUHQHOiPELWRGHVXVFRPSHWHQFLDVD
ODYRFDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHODUHJLyQHQODTXHVHHQFXHQWUDHOSUHGLRKDELGD
FXHQWDGHODVDFWLYLGDGHVGHH[SORUDFLyQSHWUROHUDTXHGHVGHWLHPSRDWUiVVH
YLHQHQ HIHFWXDQGR HQ OD ]RQD E OD SRWHQFLDOLGDG DJUtFROD R SHFXDULD GHO
WHUUHQR F /D H[LVWHQFLD R HO GLVHxR GH SURJUDPDV UHDOHV GH SURGXFWLYLGDG
DJUtFRODTXHSXHGHQHMHFXWDUVHHQODUHJLyQSRUODVSHUVRQDVDTXtUHVWLWXLGDV
GODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDGGHOD]RQD\ODJDUDQWtDGHQRUHYLFWLPL]DFLyQ
GHORVVROLFLWDQWHV
3DUD OR DQWHULRU ODV HQWLGDGHV DTXt HQXQFLDGDV GHEHUiQ HIHFWXDU ORV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV HVWXGLRV \ FRPSHQGLDU VXV UHVXOWDGRV HQ XQ WpUPLQR GH
FXDWURPHVHVFRQWDGRVDSDUWLUGHODQRWLILFDFLyQGHOSUHVHQWHSURYHtGR
HVWDQGR HQ OD REOLJDFLyQ GH UHPLWLU D HVWH 'HVSDFKR LQIRUPHV PHQVXDOHV
VREUHGLFKDVDFWLYLGDGHV
LLL 'HFLGLGD FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD GHO DQWHULRU DQiOLVLV OD DGMXGLFDFLyQ HO
,1&2'(5 GHQWUR GHO PHV VLJXLHQWH D OD QRWLILFDFLyQ GH WDO GHFLVLyQ SRU HO
7ULEXQDO UHDOL]DUi OD UHVSHFWLYD DGMXGLFDFLyQ GHO ELHQ EDOGtR REMHWR GH
UHVWLWXFLyQDIDYRUGHODVYLFWLPDVEHQHILFLDGDVFRQHOSUHVHQWHIDOOR
79
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
LY (Q FDVR TXH GH ODV FRQFOXVLRQHV ILQDOHV GHO HVWXGLR VH GHULYH TXH QR
H[LVWHQ FRQGLFLRQHV UHDOHV SDUD HO UHWRUQR GH ORV DTXt UHVWLWXLGRV DO SUHGLR
LQGLFDGR OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO 3DUD OD $WHQFLyQ \ 5HSDUDFLyQ
,QWHJUDO D ODV 9tFWLPDV HQ VX FRQGLFLyQ GH FRRUGLQDGRUD GH ODV JHVWLRQHV
QDFLyQWHUULWRULR\HO&RPLWpGH-XVWLFLD7UDQVLFLRQDOGHO0HWDSUHVLGLGRSRUDO
*REHUQDGRU GHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR TXLHQ OR UHSUHVHQWDUi SDUD HIHFWRV GH HVWH
IDOOR GHEHUi SUHVHQWDU DQWH HO 7ULEXQDO DOWHUQDWLYDV SDUD FRPSHQVDU D ORV
DTXt UHVWLWXLGRV FRQ XQ SUHGLR GH VLPLODUHV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV \ FRQGLFLRQHV GHO
UHVWLWXLGRRGHFRPSHQVDFLyQGLQHUDULDFRQIXQGDPHQWRHQORHVWDEOHFLGRHQ
HODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GH
Y$FRUGDGDODFRPSHQVDFLyQSRUHVWH7ULEXQDOVHGHEHUiSRQHUHOSUHGLRD
GLVSRVLFLyQ GHO )RQGR GH OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH
5HVWLWXFLyQGHWLHUUDVGHFRQIRUPLGDGFRQORHVWDEOHFLGRHQHOQXPHUDO.GHO
DUWtFXORGHODFLWDGD/H\GH
6(;72 25'(1$5 D OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH
5HVWLWXFLyQGH7LHUUDV'HVSRMDGDVTXHHQDVRFLRFRQOD3ROLFtD1DFLRQDO\RHO
(MpUFLWR1DFLRQDO±GHVHUHOFDVRREWHQJDODHQWUHJDHIHFWLYDGHOSUHGLRTXH
TXHGDUiHQFXVWRGLDGHOD8QLGDGKDVWDWDQWRVHFXPSODFRQORGHFLGLGRHQHO
QXPHUDO SUHFHGHQWH 3DUD UHDOL]DU OD GLOLJHQFLD GH HQWUHJD VH FRPLVLRQD DO
-X]JDGR3URPLVFXR0XQLFLSDOGH3XHUWR*DLWiQ0HWDFRQIXQGDPHQWRHQORV
DUWtFXORV \ VLJXLHQWHV GHO &yGLJR GH 3URFHGLPLHQWR &LYLO 3RU 6HFUHWDUtD
OtEUHVH HO FRUUHVSRQGLHQWH RILFLR DQH[DQGR FRSLD GH OD SUHVHQWH VHQWHQFLD
GLULJLGRDO-X]JDGR&RPLVLRQDGRSDUDORGHVXFDUJR
6e37,02 25'(1$5 D OD 8QLGDG $GPLQLVWUDWLYD (VSHFLDO GH *HVWLyQ GH
5HVWLWXFLyQ GH 7LHUUDV 'HVSRMDGDV LQIRUPDU D HVWD 6DOD VREUH HO FXPSOLPLHQWR
GHODVyUGHQHVDTXtGLVSXHVWDVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHHQFXDQWRDHOODOHFRPSHWH
129(126LQFRQGHQDHQFRVWDVSRUQRGDUVHORVSUHVXSXHVWRVGHOOLWHUDO³V´
GHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GH
'e&,02 3RU 6HFUHWDUtD 127,)Ë48(6( 3(5621$/0(17( R D WUDYpV GHO
PHGLRPiVHILFD]FRUUHRHOHFWUyQLFRWHOHJUDPDRID[ODVHQWHQFLDDODVSDUWHV
GHOSUHVHQWHSURFHVR\DORVLQWHUYLQLHQWHVUHFRQRFLGRVGHMDQGRODVUHVSHFWLYDV
FRQVWDQFLDVGHOHQYtRGHODVFRPXQLFDFLRQHV
'e&,0235,0(52/D6HFUHWDUtDGHOD6DOD&LYLO(VSHFLDOL]DGDHQ5HVWLWXFLyQ
GH7LHUUDVGHO7ULEXQDO6XSHULRUGH%RJRWiGHEHUiUHPLWLUORVRILFLRVDTXH
80
T. S. B. S. Civil – Restitución de Tierras Ex. 50001312100120120008301
81
Descargar