Research and Analysis Journal e-ISSN:2589-9228, p-ISSN: 2589-921X © 2018, RAJ 1(02): 40-52, 2018 Research Article Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete Independent Researcher and Technical writer graduated in Agrarian Autonomous Antonio Narro University Abstract: Agricultural growth reduces poverty extreme, the intensity of poverty and income inequality for society in general. On the contrary, the lack of dynamism in agricultural growth and absence of improvements in the productivity of land and work are a threat to consideration in terms of rural poverty. Through the IoT, sensors can be installed where desired - in soil, water or vehicles - to collect data on goals related to inputs, such as soil moisture and crop health. The information collected is stored on a server or wireless cloud system, and farmers can easily access it through tablets and mobile phones with an Internet connection. Depending on the context, farmers can choose to manually control connected devices or fully automate processes for whatever action is necessary.IoT is vital in increasing production, since it allows to increase the cultivated area, improving cultivation techniques, lower costs and dignify human work, to carry out such technology the small farmer needs economic energy sources, practical, easy maintenance and operation, and whose working capacity and costs are appropriate to the size of the property. Being the purpose of this paper to review the application of the internet of things to Mexican agriculture to analyze your current situation and your perspectives to increase agricultural productivity and reduce the Mexican rural poverty. In Mexico, the application of the internet to agriculture is practically minimal.It does not have the dynamism that it is taking in other countries, it is necessary to promote it to increase the productivity of small farmers. Keywords: Agriculture, México, Internet of things, Agricultural Technology, rural poverty. Introduction Agricultural growth reduces poverty extreme, the intensity of poverty and income inequality for society in general. On the contrary, the lack of dynamism in agricultural growth and absence of improvements in the productivity of land and work are a threat to consideration in terms of rural poverty. Therefore, it is essential for the relief of rural poverty to solve the challenges facing the agricultural sector, including the increase the productivity of the workforce and ensure that agriculturesmall scale and the segment of rainfed crops are more competitive.World Bank(2009).The use of internet in the country has grown significantly, according to the recent survey on availability and use of information technologies of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography INEGI(2015). In the country there are 65.5 million people who use the internet, which is equivalent to 59.5% of the population, represents an advance of 2.1% with respect to INEGI data in 2015. In the last 15 years, the number of households with internet 40 has grown significantly. The survey shows that 15.7 million households have an Internet connection. In 2015 there were 50.6 million smartphone users, as of December 2017 the number grew to 60.6 million. Mexicans are leaving behind the computer and replacing it with smartphones. During 2016, the total users of these equipment fell 4.3%. The main activities of Mexican Internet users are: communication (88.9%), access to audiovisual content (81.9%) and entertainment (80.1). Online commerce reached 15.9% among the most recurrent activities of Mexicans, and although it is not one of the main uses on the Internet, it is one of the items that increased the most compared to 2015 when it had a 9.7% share. The states with the largest number of households with internet are Baja California Sur and Sonora. In contrast, those at the end of the list are Oaxaca and Chiapas. The use of the Internet is mostly widespread among young people, since 79.1% of the population between 18 and 34 years old is a user. Individuals between 35 and 59 years old had an increase in Internet usage from 46.7% in 2015 to 50.6% in the previous year. Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Although penetration in the country has advanced, it is still far from that of countries like Korea, Japan and the United Kingdom where 9 out of 10 people are users. In Mexico, the proportion is practically six out of ten. Anonymous (2017). Through the IoT, sensors can be installed where desired - in soil, water or vehicles - to collect data on goals related to inputs, such as soil moisture and crop health. The information collected is stored on a server or wireless cloud system, and farmers can easily access it through tablets and mobile phones with an Internet connection. Depending on the context, farmers can choose to manually control connected devices or fully automate processes for whatever action is necessary.IoT is vital in increasing production, since it allows to increase the cultivated area, improving cultivation techniques, lower costs and dignify human work, to carry out such technology the small farmer needs economic energy sources, practical, easy maintenance and operation, and whose working capacity and costs are appropriate to the size of the property. Likewise Negrete ( 2015;2016; 2017a; 2017b; 2017c,2018 a;2018b) proposes the application of new technologies in Mexican Agriculture such as Agricultural Mechatronics, Precision Agriculture, Precision Beekeeping, Precision Livestock,Arduino and Artificial Neural Network, where the role of the internet of things is of colossal importance. Summarizing, the only way to reverse the situation of extreme poverty in rural areas in Mexico is through IoT,in the world there is a revolution in the application of this technology in agricultural production, livestock, aquaculture, apiculture,greenhouses, among others, this being the purpose of this paper to review the application of the internet of things to Mexican agriculture to analyze your current situation and your perspectives to increase agricultural productivity and reduce the Mexican rural poverty. Materials and Methods A thorough search was made on the use of the internet in agriculture, using the databases of universities, research centers, scientific journals, the use of the same intertet being relevant Literature Review Opara (2004) has identified a technology triad (biotechnology, ICT (Information and Communication Technology), and nanotechnology) that has the potential to revolutionize agriculture in the 21st Century.Since its appearance, the Internet of Things (IoT) as the global network of interconnected smart things/devices, has been implemented in agriculture for monitoring soil, plants, animals, food supply chain, greenhouse gasses (GHG), etc. Patil( 2012).Eight technologies (3D Printing, Robots, Drones, Sensors, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR),and Blockchain)are part of the Internet of Things (IoT): the connectivity of machines in collecting, sharing and analyzing data. The connectivity has dramatic applications in the agribusiness sector, where there are significant geographical and information access challenges. The IoT can be used in both crop and livestock production. Connolly(2016) Table 1 Internet of Things use in World Agriculture Xiaorong (2015) Charumathi(2017) Pooja(2017) Kulkarni(2016) 41 Developed novel IoT architecture able to track and trace agriculture from the field through the supply chain and in food processing environments, realizing the food supply chain‟s effective information identification and traceability. Project that controls the necessary conditions required for the plant to grow hydroponically and also cultivators may control the agriculture remotely using IoT. Present IoT platforms for Monitoring and collecting data of soil moisture, temperature and humidity across multiple fields will improve efficiency of water usage and crop yield of large and local farms Developed concept for an IoT device that collects data regarding physical parameters, using a sophisticated microcontroller platform, from various types of sensors, through different modes of communication and then uploads the data to the Internet. China India India India Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Chaitanya(2017) Akash(2017) Rustia(2017) Meenakshi(2016) Giridhar(2017) Khan(2017) Bajčeta(2016) Yunus (2017) Doknić(2014) Vinoth(2017) Managave(2016) Gaddam(2014) Sharma(2017) Rama(2016) Hashim.(2015). Stočes(2016) Priyadharsnee(2017) Wilhelm(2017) Pavon(2017) 42 Developed automated irrigation system to minimize and maintain water quantity usage for farming. A micro-controller based relay is used for controlling water supply. Automation is done through IOT Design an IoT (Internet of Things) based Temperature and Humidity monitoring system for an agricultural environment. Internet of Things (IoT) based remote greenhouse pest monitoring system using wireless imaging and sensor nodes (WiSN). Proposed Advanced Cattle health Monitoring System using Arduino and IOT. Proposed Smar Agriculture using Iot. utilizes real time data,and sensors,Arduino,Zigbee ans Raspberry Pi Proposed novel architecture, presented and analyzed for Internet of Things (IoT). This smart setup integrates Cognitive Radio technology to result in a ubiquitous connected system.The proposed system will optimize the use of natural resource i.e. water. Present implementation of a private Internet of Things (IoT) cloud platform for the use in precisión agriculture and ecological monitoring. Investigated on the environmental factors affecting meliponiculture (the cultivation of stingless bees on a commercial scale for honey production or pollination) using an internet of thing (IOT) application. Present Internet of Things Greenhouse Monitoring and Automation System Proposed Irrigation system IoT is implemented Present a Precision Agriculture using Internet of Things and Wireless sensor Networks Designed and developed a low-cost drought monitoring system that can be easily deployed and the captured data can be accessed from any computer or mobile device. Design Raspberry pi IOT based Google cloud computing agriculture automatic system. Present an Intelligent Farm System,consist of wireless ambient monitoring sensors;soil misture,temperatura combined with low power wireless networks and acquired data fron sensors an analyse with the Indian Meterological Departament wethers prediction.The information sent to the farmers through email/SMS using internet. Presented electronic device (Arduino) apply for temperature and soil moisture process using Android based Smart phone application components in this study, which are an electronic device (Arduino), software development (eclipse), and system prototype internet protocol layer. Analyzes chosen aspects of Internet of Things (IoT) in general and in regards to its specific uses in agriculture, which is one of the areas where IoT is commonly implemented. Monitoring the soil parameters like soil moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity and automates the irrigation process. Decision making is done through microcontroller. Investigate and simulate methods and parameters that can control the data collection rate of an IoT behavior monitor to achieve sustained operation with unknown and random energy harvesting. Proposed cloud-based software architecture with the aim of India India Taiwan India India Pakistan Montenegro Malasya India India New Zealand India India Malaysia Czech Republic India USA Spain Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Ravi(2017) Castro (2016) Nalina(2017) Jawad(2017) Taru(2016) Gavaskar(2017) Balbudhe(2015) Satish(2017) Muley(2017) Khattab(2016) Soy (2017) Pimentel(2015) 43 enabling a complete crop management system to be deployed and validated. Discusses the hardware, software platforms and implementation details of an IoT application for environmental monitoring and control using Raspberry PI 3 Model B. Was Built a Self-watering system based on Iot with inexpensive items and free software (Raspberry Pi,Arduino,Linux,Java,Wildfly,Python,etc.was used to implement Wireless sensor network .It was implemented a Machine learning system for the prediction of irrigation scheduling using Cloud´s computing´s service. IoT with low cost system for analyzing of soil parameters in agriculture field such as soil status, temperature and humidity. This system uses ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, Arduino UNO microcontroller, GSM and sensors using Arduino platform. GSM for the data transfer through SMS to a user mobile phone. Utilizing wireless sensor technologies and management tools can lead to a highly effective, green agricultura . Design of automation and security system using Arduino and Ethernet Shield. The design is based on a standalone embedded system board. Agricultural appliances are connected to the Arduino and communication is established between the Ethernet Shield and the site. Proposing an efficient pest monitor system for sugarcane crop production. The systems will be using an acoustic device sensor which will monitor the noise level of the pests and whenever the noise crosses the threshold it will notify the farmer of the area where the infestation is occurring Proposes Cloud based Cultivation Management System. System mainly includes Hardware module that placed in farm or farm field that contains various sensors, devices, ICs for data conversion and transfer. Then Cloud implemented as Software as a Services (SaaS) Proposed new IoT based Agriculture System to overcome the economic losses by predicting and preventing the harmful diseases affecting the farm. This system informs the farmer, the proportion of pesticides to be used to enhance the agricultural growth and productivity Proposes an irrigation system for proper management of inadequate agriculture resources of a system with Internet of Things (IoT). The system contains three parts: wireless sensor nodes, an IoT gateway and a management server. Presented an IoT architecture customized for precisión agriculture applications. The proposed three-layer architecture collects the needed data and relays it to a cloud-based back-endwhere it is processed and analyzed. Examine the feasibility of the LoRa-based LPWAN technologies and provide a flexible solution for future works on the IoT applications in precision agriculture. Presents an application development proposal to enable livestock data transmission and retrieval through a mobile platform, informing characteristics such as origin, weight recorded in the last weighing, race, vaccination, among others. India Colombia India Iraq India India India India India Egypt Turkey Brazil Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Massruhá(2016) Discussed the use of ICT in agribusiness, in areas such as biotechnology, natural resources and climate change, plant safety in the production chain, as well as technology transfer. Deponti(2017) Reviewed of the production carried out by the project team and aims to demonstrate the interrelations between the use and appropriation of ICTs and family agriculture Nzonzo(2016) Examined Communication and Information Communication in agriculture StudiedTechnologies (ICTs) adoption in irrigated rice production in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. A descriptive survey was adopted and it used both qualitative and quantitative methods Ferraz(2017) Demonstrated through an explanatory research of qualitative nature and bibliographical character the importance of the use of ICT to support decision-making in the Brazilian rural sector. Almeida(2017) Studied the availability of a database that provided information focused on the agribusiness sector, and exemplify a form of use for this knowledge acquired during the analysis of data obtained during navigation. Pereira(2017) Perform the measurement of environmental parameters in a chicken coop using a computer developed with the concept of the internet of things Csótó(2015) Studied ICT-innovations (smart phones, tablets, wireless networks etc.). in Hungarian agriculture Sandu(2017) Used a pilot online survey to investigate the challenges and opportunities for adoption of IoT for Australian SMEs in agriculture and it is expected that it will help application and solution providers to address any issues that may arise in the Australian scenario. Parameswaran(2016) project automated irrigation system based on soil humidity. Humidity sensor is used to find the soil humidity and based on this microcontroller drives the solenoid valve. Irrigation status is updated to the server or localhost using Personal Computer. Java platform is used here for getting information via serial communication from microcontroller and to update in the server. Manisha(2015) Proposed system for measures on sensing temperature and humidity using DHT11 sensor to maintain constant range to increase the yield with high quality of milk and prevent cattle from death. The results of proposed system can be viewed and stored in the web server on interfacing Wi-Fi shield Das( 2016) Study application and use of ICTs in agricultural production Büyükbay(2011) Study computer and internet technologies use in rural areas of Tokat Province, Turkey. How people approach these technologies and what socio-economic features affect their use, were also determined. Fan TongKe(2013) Proposed The introduction of cloud computing and internet of things into agricultural modernization in China Patil(2016) Studied and reviewed sensor technology and wireless networks integration of IOT technology based on the actual situation of agricultural system Mekala(2017) Proposed new IoT technology in agriculture with cloud computing and Li-Fi. Wi-Fi is great for general wireless coverage within buildings, whereas Li-Fi[10] is wireless data coverage with high 44 Brazil Brazil Kenya Brazil Brazil Brazil Hungary Australia India India Bangladesh Turkey China India India Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Saidu(2017) Thomson(2004) Ravisankar(2018) Mora(2012) Sarkar(2016) Maksimovic Hemlata(2015) Martínez(2016) Ruchika(2015) Ashutosh(20169 Venkateswara(2018) Sarfraz(2017( Akshay(2017) 45 density in confined area. Li-Fi provides better bandwidth, efficiency, availability and security than Wi-Fi and has already achieved blisteringly high speed in the lab. Reviewed influence of ICT in agriculture in respect of opportunities and challenges. It was found that improvement of market activities, exchange of relevant information, profit gain, networking agricultural sector globally, conducting research and strategizing economic growth for self-reliance are among the possible benefits of ICT in agricultural sector. A web-based system was developed to advise on the relative efficacy of different herbicides for mixes of weed and crop species at different times of the year in a forestry or farm forestry setting. Developed web based tobacco disease expert system is an integration of image and textual data. The system can be used to identify the diseases and their management. User can easily identify the disease on the bases of photos of symptoms and text description of diseases. Proposed use of ICT in Chilean SME‟s in livestock sector Proposed remote monitoring system based on IoT protocol used by different researchers to increase agriculture production and optimal utilization of resources Analysis of G-IoT and Green nanotechnology concepts and their role in revolutionizing agriculture sector accompanied with eliminated or minimized negative influence on human health and environment. Proposed a multidisciplinary model for smart agriculture based on the key technologies: Internet-of-Things (IoT), Sensors, CloudComputing, Mobile-Computing, Big-Data analysis. Farmers, AgroMarketing agencies and Agro-Vendors need to be registered to the AgroCloud module through MobileApp module It is verified if one middleware, FI-WARE, will be able to scale in the same extent in which agricultural applications will do it. For this reason, we have created a test bench in which different deployments and load conditions have been simulated Develop a smart greenhouse monitoring system using internet of things (IOT). We will design a protocol for greenhouse monitoring using wireless sensor network (WSN). Introduce a system which can control the irrigation according to the need. This system consists of temperature, moisture and PH sensors which will tell the user about the conditions of the field and according to it the user can control the system. This system is connected to the user by IOT (Internet Of Things) and user can check the status and control the system from the android mobile phone Proposed using Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture. It means that all the collected data will send to Arduino Uno board and it sends to Web portal (Online view) through wifi. This monitoring can be done through any devices like Mobile, Tab, Laptops and PCs. Review the various challenges and opportunities associated with the applications of internet of things in agricultural sector. Proposed to develop a Smart Farming System that uses advantages Nigeria Canada India Chile India Bosnia and Herzegovina India Spain India India India Sultanate of Oman India Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Xueyan(2017) Yao(2004) Kameoka(2016) Vasisht Sunil(2018) Talavera(2017) Singh(2017) Verdouw(2016). . Kothiya(2018) González(2017) Fahad 2008 Cun(2916) 46 of cutting edge technologies such as IoT, Wireless Sensor Network and Cloud computing to help farmers enhance the way farming is done. Using sensors like temperature, humidity, moisture etc. are used to get information about the field and help farmers to take precise decisions on insights and recommendations based on the collected data. Developed the research on the application technology of agricultural Internet of Things for real-time monitoring of citrus soil moisture and nutrients as well as the research on the integration of fertilization and irrigation decision support system Analyze the basic characters of the web-basedagricultural support system and then describe the functionalities of the system Tried to establish a dynamic “e-crop (rice) calendar” which can adjust the scenarios of cultivation management according to the rice phenology model and environmental conditions through application of agricultural ICT Present FarmBeats, an end-to-end IoT platform for agriculture that enables seamless data collection from various sensors, cameras and drones. FarmBeats‟s system design that explicitly accounts for weather-related power and Internet outages has enabled six month long deployments in two US farms Study was conducted to measure attitude of livestock farmers towards Information and Communication Technology (ICTs) used in extension services as a source of information livery in Rajasthan, India. Reviews agro-industrial and environmental applications that are using Internet of Things (IoT). Reviewed and analyzed current ICTbased information service models Review on Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture. The results of the review show that this subject received attention by the scientific community from 2010 on and the number of papers has increased since then. The literature on IoT in agriculture and food is very much dominated by Asian scientists, especially from China. A smart farming model is constructed which is based on Internet of Things (IoT). This proposed model is equipped with various sensors for measuring environmental parameters required for the crops. Describes the design and development of a new web application with two different color segmentation techniques to estimate the percentage of green cover. The system allows a remote monitoring of crops, including functionality to upload images, analyze images, database storage, and graphical visualization of the results. An extensive experimental validation of this tool has been carried out on a lettuce crop of variety „Little Gem‟. Presents a web-based expert system for wheat crop in Pakistan. Created an agronomic software , integrated with modules of the IOTMACH system, in order to carry out monitoring tasks using devices connected to a wireless sensor network, as well as also to manage crops, species, plots, types of soil and types of irrigation all this to obtain maximum performance in agricultural management. through webService. China Canada Japan USA India Colombia India Netherlands India Spain Pakistan Ecuador Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty Edo(2013) Shahzadi(2016) Anand(2017) Investigatd and identify how the use of mobile phones in conjunction with WSN enable farmers in Ethiopia monitor and control their farm field. Proposed an expert system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that will use the input data collected in real time. It will help to take proactive and preventive actions to minimize the losses due to diseases and insects/pests proposed a Novel Smart IoT based Agriculture Stick assisting farmers in getting Live Data (Temperature, Soil Moisture) for efficient environment monitoring which will enable them to do smart farming and increase their overall yield and quality of products. Iot in Mexican Agriculture Sanchez(2017).propose a methodology to share, process, and exchange agricultural information among different applications through a Web service. The Web service will be available online and mobile and can be used as a tool for decisionmaking. Initially, agricultural regions and cartography of the study area were identified. Subsequently, a simulation model of potential yield of pasture and animal behavior by regions and area were designed, respectively. Finally, a Web service, using Amazon Web Services and REST for exchanging information, was developed. Web services in the cloud, enable interoperability using data, mapping information of agricultural regions, simulation models, and protocols for data transfer, thus making available the prediction results. Aguado(2014) create a system for water needs recommendations to the different units (cultivation plot) of the area of influence of the Graduate College of Agricultural Sciences, through the internet and mobile devices. The study was performed in the facilities of the Graduate College of Agricultural Sciences, Campus Montecillo and developed in different phases. The first was Campbells connect a weather station with a server and install the necessary steps to obtain measurements of meteorological elements and store them in a MySQL database applications. Subsequently a website aiming to provide data needed to perform water balance was created. The data is stored in data tables contained in the database manager MySQL (Kofler, 2005) data. The last interface was to implement the messaging service through a cell at the time that irrigation is required. The results showed that an automated system may constantly inform the state of moisture in the plot to the user. Guerrero(2017) presents SGreenH-IoT, an IoTbased platform for monitoring and management of 47 Ethiopía Pakistan India greenhouses and crop fields. SGreenH-IoT is a complete solution that includes the design of low cost and energy consumption, communication protocols and an application for data visualization and system control. The platform monitors and transmits all information to the cloud for storage, analysis and activation of alerts that improve agricultural production. The results obtained in the experimentation showed the efficient functioning of the system, the percentage of loss of data in the transmission was null. The benefits for the farmers obtained by the system are real-time access to the conditions of the cultivation area, the reduction in the use of resources through the exact application in the appropriate times, thus contributing to a more sustainable production. Vasquez(2017) developed a web application , with a friendly interface, a flexible and secure database for information management, this application evaluates agricultural crops through the methodology of the matrix of policy analysis (MAP) developed by Monke and Pearson (1984). In order to know the accuracy of the web application in agricultural crops, an essay was made capturing a wheat production crop in Guanajuato (District 005 Cortazar), based on information malready obtained. Once the analysis was done, it was concluded that the developed web application is efficient, accurate and reliable to evaluate agricultural crops through variables such as competitiveness, comparative advantage and protection coefficients. The contribution of this work shows that it is possible to create web applications that allow the evaluation of agricultural crops. Manzano(2015)In the 90s, the concept of ubiquitous computing arises, where it is proposed that the treatment of information is not done exclusively in devices developed specifically for this task, such as personal computers. Instead, it is proposed to use elements that they are embedded in the middle with Research and Analysis Journal, vol. 1, Issue 02, 2018 Jaime Cuauhtemoc Negrete / Internet of things in Mexican agriculture; a technology to increase agricultural productivity and reduce rural poverty an imperceptible presence. Wireless sensor networks can be located within this framework. They are made up of different network nodes, each consisting of a built-in system equipped with sensors, processing capacity information and wireless communication. Based on military applications, its development has spread to various areas, ranging from biodiversity study, to medicine, prevention of environmental disasters, smart buildings, preventive maintenance and communication networks industrial. Starting with an introduction to wireless sensor networks, this article presents the current applications of these networks in the agri-food sector and concludes by presenting the possible lines for future work. CONCLUSION From the literature review, the results agree with Verdouw (2016). According to which the works are dominated predominantly by Asian authors although the origin changed as he found that he dominated China and now the dominant country is India with around 50 percent.In Mexico, the application of the internet to agriculture is practically minimal.It does not have the dynamism that it is taking in other countries, it is necessary to promote it to increase the productivity of small farmers. There are about 319 schools of information and communication technologies distributed throughout the country, Anonymous (2015). Human capital to apply the internet of things to agriculture is guaranteed only has to be emphasized that is carried out motivating students and graduates to focus on agricultural and livestock production. References [1] Anand Nayyar,Er. 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