Subido por Stefano Meza

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Mr. Stefano Meza
Oxford English Institute
English in a
nutshell
Unit 1
Jobs/Occupations
Verb + er/r = occupation
Work + er = worker
Drive + r = driver
Report + er = reporter
Unit 1
Articles
Definitive article
The= algo específico (p/s)
Indefinitive article
a/an = algo general (s)
A= sonido de consonante
AN= sonido de vocal
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/articles/
Unit 1
Nouns
Unit 1
Subject Pronouns
VERB TO BE (PRESENT)
AM---IS---ARE
Unit 1
Structures
(+) Subject + verb + complement
I am a teacher // She is a lawyer // They are students
(-) Subject + verb + NOT + complement
I am not a teacher // She is not a lawyer // They are not students
(?) Verb to be + subject + complement + ?
Am I a teacher? // Is she a lawyer? // Are they students?
(+/-) Yes, SP/PP + verb to be // No, SP/PP + verb to be + not
Yes, you are / No, you are not // Yes, she is / No, she is not
Yes, they are / No, they are not
Contractions:
I am = I’m
He is = He’s
They are = they’re
Is not = isn’t
Are not = aren’t
Am not = am not
NOT es un adverbio y se
lo usa para negar la
oración
Unit 1
Wh-questions
Wh-Word + verb to be + subject + complement ?
What= ¿qué?
Where = ¿dónde?
Who = ¿quién?
Which = ¿cuál?
Why = ¿por qué?
When = ¿cuando?
How = ¿cómo/cuánto?
How are you?
Who are you?
Why is he here?
How old are you?
Where is the teacher?
Where is the party?
Unit 1
Wh-questions
Unit 1
Wh-questions
Wh-Word + verb to be + subject + complement ?
What= ¿qué?
Where = ¿dónde?
Who = ¿quién?
Which = ¿cuál?
Why = ¿por qué?
When = ¿dónde?
How = ¿cómo/cuánto?
How are you?
Who are you?
Why is he here?
How old are you?
Where is the teacher?
Where is the party?
Unit 2
Personal information
Name= nombre
Last name= apellido
Nickname = apodo
Birthday = cumpleaños
Passport = pasaporte
Address = dirección
Hobby = pasatiempo
Email address = correo electrónico
@= at
_ = underscore
- = dash
/ = slash
. = dot
.com = dot com
Unit 2
Possessive adjectives
Se los usa para plural o
singular.
My book / My books
His dog / his pets
Our friend/ Our parents
I am your english teacher // You are my students
Unit 2
Wh-words + PA
What is your name? My name is Stefano
Where are your parents? My parents are on vacations
Who is your teacher? My teacher is Mr. Meza
How old is your sister? My sister is 27 years old
Why is his cellphone here? Because he forgot it
When is your birthday? My birthday is in June
What is your e-mail address? My email address is Stefano@gmail.com
What is = What’s
When is = When’s
Where is = Where’s
How is = How’s
Who is = who’s
Unit 2
Numbers
Unit 3
Demonstrative Pronouns
This = esta/este
These = estos/Estas
That = ese/esa/Aquel/aquella
Those = esos/Esas/
Aquellos/Aquellas
This/these = cerca
That/those = lejos
This/that = singular
These / those = plural
Unit 3
Structures
CERCA
LEJOS
(+) This/that is my teacher
(-) This/that is not my teacher
(?) Is this/that my teacher?
(+/-) Yes, it is / No, it isn’t
•
•
•
Usamos el verb to be IS
Para preguntas solo se pone el verb to
be al inicio de la pregunta.
Para oraciones en negative se pone el
NOT luego del verb to be
CERCA
LEJOS
(+) These/those are my teachers
(-) These/those are not my teachers
(?) Are thess/those my teachers?
(+/-) Yes, they are/ No, they aren’t
•
•
•
Usamos el verb to be ARE
Para preguntas solo se pone el verb to be al
inicio de la pregunta.
Para oraciones en negative se pone el NOT
luego del verb to be
Unit 3
Wh-word + DP
Who is this ?
It’s my teacher
Who is that?
It’s my sister
Who are these ?
They’re my friends
Who are those ?
They’re my siblings
• Siempre respondemos con It’s si se
pregunta con this/that.
• Siempre respondemos con They’re
si se pregunta con these/those.
Unit 4
Verbs + Verbs + .. + Verbs
Unit 4
Present Simple
• Necesitamos dos ingredientes:
• Regla de la tercera persona del singular
• Auxiliar en presente simple
Present simple can be used:
Routines / Frequent Activities / Facts / Likes
/Instructions
Unit 4
3rd person singular
3rd person singular
HE / SHE / IT
Or
My father / My mom / The doctor
/ his friend
have=has
Unit 4
Auxiliary
How to use auxiliary DO ?
QUESTIONS
WH-QUESTIONS
SHORT ANSWERS
NEGATIVE SENTECES
DO NOT = DON’T (I,YOU,THEY,WE)
DOES NOT =DOESN’T (HE,SHE,IT)
Unit 4
Structure
Cuando se usa el auxiliar, el
verbo siempre va en la forma
base.
(+) Subject + verb + complement
(-) Subject + aux + NOT + verb + complement
(?) Aux + subject + verb + complement + ?
(+/-) Yes, PP + aux // No, PP + aux + not
I play soccer / She plays soccer
I don’t play soccer / She doesn’t play soccer
Do I play soccer? / Does she play soccer?
Yes, you do / No, you don’t // Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t
Unit 4
Wh-question
Wh-word + little complement + aux + subject + verb + complement ?
Subject + verb + complement
What does she do? She does her homework
Where do they live? They live in Manta
What kind of music do you like? I like pop music
What kind of sport does Gabriel hate? He hates soccer
Unit 4
Wh-question (harder)
Wh-word + little complement + aux + subject + verb + complement ?
Subject + verb + complement
How much? = ¿cuanto? (no se cuenta la cosa)
How many? = ¿cuantos? (se cuenta la cosa)
Which one/noun ? = ¿cual?
Which ones/nouns ? = ¿ cuales?
How many apples do you have? I have three apples
How much money does your boyfriend need? He needs three dollars
Which one/book do you like? (Elecciòn)
Which ones/books do you like? (Elección)
Unit 5
Time expressions
Subject + AF + verb + complement
I always play soccer
Subject + verb to be + AF +
complement
He is always angry
Wh+ often + aux + subject+ verb +
complement ?
How often do you play soccer?
I always play soccer
Unit 5
Time expressions
Unit 5
ON/AT/IN
Unit 5
Phrasal verbs
Verb + preposition
Verb + adverb
La parte verbal debe cumplir las reglas
gramaticales:
I wake up at 7 am every day
She wakes up at 7 every day
Unit 5
Object pronouns
Un objeto, es una persona o
elemento involucrado a la acción
indicada en la oración.
Unit 6
Modal verbs
Unit 6
Modal verbs
(+) Subject + modal verb + verb + complement
(-) Subject + modal verb+ not + verb + complement
(?) Modal verb + subject + verb + complement + ?
(+/-) Yes, PP + modal // No, PP + modal + not
Los verbos modales no deben
modificarse con la estructura de la
tercera persona. El verbo adicional en
la oración debe ir en su forma base
SIEMPRE.
Unit 6
Modal verbs
I can play soccer
I can not play soccer
Can I play soccer?
Yes, you can
No, you can’t
I should play soccer
I should not play soccer
Should I play soccer?
Yes, you should
No, you shouldn’t
Can es para habilidad
Should es para consejos subjetivos
Must es para obligaciones
Must not es para prohibiciones
I must play soccer
I must not play soccer
must I play soccer?
Yes, you must
No, you mustn’t
CAN NOT = CAN’T = CANNOT
SHOULD NOT = SHOULDN’T
MUST NOT = MUSTN’T
Unit 6
Wh +modal verbs
Wh-word + modal verb + subject + verb +complement ?
Subject +modal verb + verb + complement
What can you play? I can play soccer
Where should I play soccer?
You should play soccer in the park
What must I do?
I must do my homework
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