Mr. Stefano Meza Oxford English Institute English in a nutshell Unit 1 Jobs/Occupations Verb + er/r = occupation Work + er = worker Drive + r = driver Report + er = reporter Unit 1 Articles Definitive article The= algo específico (p/s) Indefinitive article a/an = algo general (s) A= sonido de consonante AN= sonido de vocal https://www.grammarly.com/blog/articles/ Unit 1 Nouns Unit 1 Subject Pronouns VERB TO BE (PRESENT) AM---IS---ARE Unit 1 Structures (+) Subject + verb + complement I am a teacher // She is a lawyer // They are students (-) Subject + verb + NOT + complement I am not a teacher // She is not a lawyer // They are not students (?) Verb to be + subject + complement + ? Am I a teacher? // Is she a lawyer? // Are they students? (+/-) Yes, SP/PP + verb to be // No, SP/PP + verb to be + not Yes, you are / No, you are not // Yes, she is / No, she is not Yes, they are / No, they are not Contractions: I am = I’m He is = He’s They are = they’re Is not = isn’t Are not = aren’t Am not = am not NOT es un adverbio y se lo usa para negar la oración Unit 1 Wh-questions Wh-Word + verb to be + subject + complement ? What= ¿qué? Where = ¿dónde? Who = ¿quién? Which = ¿cuál? Why = ¿por qué? When = ¿cuando? How = ¿cómo/cuánto? How are you? Who are you? Why is he here? How old are you? Where is the teacher? Where is the party? Unit 1 Wh-questions Unit 1 Wh-questions Wh-Word + verb to be + subject + complement ? What= ¿qué? Where = ¿dónde? Who = ¿quién? Which = ¿cuál? Why = ¿por qué? When = ¿dónde? How = ¿cómo/cuánto? How are you? Who are you? Why is he here? How old are you? Where is the teacher? Where is the party? Unit 2 Personal information Name= nombre Last name= apellido Nickname = apodo Birthday = cumpleaños Passport = pasaporte Address = dirección Hobby = pasatiempo Email address = correo electrónico @= at _ = underscore - = dash / = slash . = dot .com = dot com Unit 2 Possessive adjectives Se los usa para plural o singular. My book / My books His dog / his pets Our friend/ Our parents I am your english teacher // You are my students Unit 2 Wh-words + PA What is your name? My name is Stefano Where are your parents? My parents are on vacations Who is your teacher? My teacher is Mr. Meza How old is your sister? My sister is 27 years old Why is his cellphone here? Because he forgot it When is your birthday? My birthday is in June What is your e-mail address? My email address is Stefano@gmail.com What is = What’s When is = When’s Where is = Where’s How is = How’s Who is = who’s Unit 2 Numbers Unit 3 Demonstrative Pronouns This = esta/este These = estos/Estas That = ese/esa/Aquel/aquella Those = esos/Esas/ Aquellos/Aquellas This/these = cerca That/those = lejos This/that = singular These / those = plural Unit 3 Structures CERCA LEJOS (+) This/that is my teacher (-) This/that is not my teacher (?) Is this/that my teacher? (+/-) Yes, it is / No, it isn’t • • • Usamos el verb to be IS Para preguntas solo se pone el verb to be al inicio de la pregunta. Para oraciones en negative se pone el NOT luego del verb to be CERCA LEJOS (+) These/those are my teachers (-) These/those are not my teachers (?) Are thess/those my teachers? (+/-) Yes, they are/ No, they aren’t • • • Usamos el verb to be ARE Para preguntas solo se pone el verb to be al inicio de la pregunta. Para oraciones en negative se pone el NOT luego del verb to be Unit 3 Wh-word + DP Who is this ? It’s my teacher Who is that? It’s my sister Who are these ? They’re my friends Who are those ? They’re my siblings • Siempre respondemos con It’s si se pregunta con this/that. • Siempre respondemos con They’re si se pregunta con these/those. Unit 4 Verbs + Verbs + .. + Verbs Unit 4 Present Simple • Necesitamos dos ingredientes: • Regla de la tercera persona del singular • Auxiliar en presente simple Present simple can be used: Routines / Frequent Activities / Facts / Likes /Instructions Unit 4 3rd person singular 3rd person singular HE / SHE / IT Or My father / My mom / The doctor / his friend have=has Unit 4 Auxiliary How to use auxiliary DO ? QUESTIONS WH-QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS NEGATIVE SENTECES DO NOT = DON’T (I,YOU,THEY,WE) DOES NOT =DOESN’T (HE,SHE,IT) Unit 4 Structure Cuando se usa el auxiliar, el verbo siempre va en la forma base. (+) Subject + verb + complement (-) Subject + aux + NOT + verb + complement (?) Aux + subject + verb + complement + ? (+/-) Yes, PP + aux // No, PP + aux + not I play soccer / She plays soccer I don’t play soccer / She doesn’t play soccer Do I play soccer? / Does she play soccer? Yes, you do / No, you don’t // Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t Unit 4 Wh-question Wh-word + little complement + aux + subject + verb + complement ? Subject + verb + complement What does she do? She does her homework Where do they live? They live in Manta What kind of music do you like? I like pop music What kind of sport does Gabriel hate? He hates soccer Unit 4 Wh-question (harder) Wh-word + little complement + aux + subject + verb + complement ? Subject + verb + complement How much? = ¿cuanto? (no se cuenta la cosa) How many? = ¿cuantos? (se cuenta la cosa) Which one/noun ? = ¿cual? Which ones/nouns ? = ¿ cuales? How many apples do you have? I have three apples How much money does your boyfriend need? He needs three dollars Which one/book do you like? (Elecciòn) Which ones/books do you like? (Elección) Unit 5 Time expressions Subject + AF + verb + complement I always play soccer Subject + verb to be + AF + complement He is always angry Wh+ often + aux + subject+ verb + complement ? How often do you play soccer? I always play soccer Unit 5 Time expressions Unit 5 ON/AT/IN Unit 5 Phrasal verbs Verb + preposition Verb + adverb La parte verbal debe cumplir las reglas gramaticales: I wake up at 7 am every day She wakes up at 7 every day Unit 5 Object pronouns Un objeto, es una persona o elemento involucrado a la acción indicada en la oración. Unit 6 Modal verbs Unit 6 Modal verbs (+) Subject + modal verb + verb + complement (-) Subject + modal verb+ not + verb + complement (?) Modal verb + subject + verb + complement + ? (+/-) Yes, PP + modal // No, PP + modal + not Los verbos modales no deben modificarse con la estructura de la tercera persona. El verbo adicional en la oración debe ir en su forma base SIEMPRE. Unit 6 Modal verbs I can play soccer I can not play soccer Can I play soccer? Yes, you can No, you can’t I should play soccer I should not play soccer Should I play soccer? Yes, you should No, you shouldn’t Can es para habilidad Should es para consejos subjetivos Must es para obligaciones Must not es para prohibiciones I must play soccer I must not play soccer must I play soccer? Yes, you must No, you mustn’t CAN NOT = CAN’T = CANNOT SHOULD NOT = SHOULDN’T MUST NOT = MUSTN’T Unit 6 Wh +modal verbs Wh-word + modal verb + subject + verb +complement ? Subject +modal verb + verb + complement What can you play? I can play soccer Where should I play soccer? You should play soccer in the park What must I do? I must do my homework
