46 'HODDFXPXODFLyQGHO FRQRFLPLHQWR\ODWHFQRORJtD Recibido 28 de septiembre de 2006, aprobado 30 marzo de 2007. Claudia González Ingeniera Industrial, PhD. en Economía del Desarrollo, Master en Economía, Master en Educación y Desarrollo. Profesora asistente, Departamento de Ingeniería IndusWULDO8QLYHUVLGDGGHORV$QGHV%RJRWi'&&RORPELD clagonza@uniandes.edu.co RESUMEN Nos ocupa en este artículo la relación entre conocimiento o al crecimiento económico, en cuanto a tecnología, acumulación del conocimiento y educación. nuevas ideas o mayor productividad marginal del tra- /RVPRGHORVGHGHVDUUROORWUDWDQFRPRYDULDEOHVLQGH- EDMR(Q&RORPELDHOSURGXFWRLQWHUQRFUHFLyDXQDWDVD pendientes los factores de producción; creemos que similar a la de la población en 30 años, mientras la tasa están correlacionados ya que todos se derivan de la acu- de acumulación de capital humano, medido a través de mulación de conocimiento que sólo se da en el capital la escolaridad, es superior. Finalmente, abrimos el deba- humano. Se argumenta que sólo la tecnología endó- te sobre la relación entre el stock de capital humano y la gena contribuye al crecimiento, debido a las rentas de acumulación de conocimiento, en busca de una mayor la apropiación del nuevo conocimiento; lua tecnología H¿FLHQFLDHQODLQYHUVLyQGHODHGXFDFLyQ exógena se convierte en información y su contribución 3$/$%5$6&/$9( al producto se ve matizada por los precios monopóli- Acumulación del conocimiento, tecnología endógena, cos de adquisición. El sistema educativo en los países educación, filosofía. en desarrollo no parece contribuir a la acumulación del $ERXW%XLOGLQJ8S.QRZOHGJHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ ABSTRACT This article addresses the relationships among ,Q &RORPELD WKH DYHUDJH UDWH RI *13 JURZWK LQ technology, knowledge and education. Development years has been similar to population growth, while the models treat factors of production as independent growth rate of schooling is higher. Finally, we open for variables, but we believe they are correlated. All are debate the relationship between the stock of human byproducts of the accumulation of knowledge, which is capital and the accumulation of knowledge, hoping RQO\SRVVLEOHWKURXJKKXPDQFDSLWDO2QO\HQGRJHQRXV WR FRQWULEXWH WR WKH LPSURYHPHQW RI HI¿FLHQF\ LQ technology would affect growth, due to monopoly educational investment. rents. Exogenous technology becomes information and .(<:25'6 its effect on growth is minimized through payment of Knowledge Accumulation, endogenous technology, monopoly prices. The educational system in developing education, philosophy. countries does not seem to contribute either to knowledge accumulation or greater labor productivity. #25 revista de ingeniería. Universidad de los Andes. rev.ing. ISSN. 0121-4993. 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Solow. ´$&RQWULEXWLRQWRWKH7KHRU\RI(FRQRPLF*URZWKµ Quarterly Journal of Economics, )HEUXDU\ [2] X. Sala-I-Martin. Apuntes de Crecimiento Económico. $QWRQL%RVFKHGLWRU &ROXPELD8QLYHUVLW\(GLWLRQ [3] P.M. Romer. ´(QGRJHQRXV7HFKQRORJLFDO&KDQJHµJournal of Political Economy. 2FWREHU [4] P.M. Romer. µ:KDW'HWHUPLQHVWKH5DWHRI*URZWKDQG7HFKQRORJLFDO &KDQJH"µWorking Papers&RXQWU\(FRQRPLFV 'HSDUWPHQW7KH:RUOG%DQN6HSWHPEHU:36 [5] R.E. Lucas. ´2QWKH0HFKDQLFVRI(FRQRPLF'HYHORSPHQWµ Journal of Monetary Economics, -XO\SS [6] D. Warsh. Knowledge and the Wealth of Nations, A story of Economic Discovery. ::1RUWRQ&RPSDQ\1HZ<RUN (QRWURHVWXGLRPXHVWURFyPRSDUDXQLQGLYLGXRHVLQGLIHUHQWHHQFXDQWRLQJUHVRHODOFDQ]DUGHXQRDDxRVGHHVFRODULGDGSRUTXHVXLQJUHVRVHUiEiVLFDPHQWHLJXDODPHQRVTXHSXHGDREWHQHUHGXFDFLyQWHUFLDULD # 25 revista de ingeniería técnica 51