5HI4XHMDQ $VXQWR5HVHUYDGHSOD]DVHQSURFHVRVVHOHFWLYRVSDUDSHUVRQDVGLVFDSDFLWDGDV ,OPR6U $FXVDPRV UHFLER GH VX LQIRUPH HQ HO TXH QRV FRQWHVWD D OD TXHMD GH UHIHUHQFLD IRUPXODGDSRU'HQUHODFLyQFRQODDFXPXODFLyQDOWXUQROLEUHGHDTXHOODVSOD]DV TXH KXELHUDQ TXHGDGR GHVLHUWDV \ TXH HQ SULQFLSLR HVWDEDQ UHVHUYDGDV SDUD VHU FXELHUWDVSRUPLQXVYiOLGRVFRQXQJUDGRGHGLVFDSDFLGDGLJXDORVXSHULRUDO GHPLQXVYDOtDUHFRQRFLGDSRUORVyUJDQRVFRPSHWHQWHV 'H GLFKR LQIRUPH GH OD GRFXPHQWDFLyQ DSRUWDGD SRU HO LQWHUHVDGR \ GH WRGR OR DFWXDGR VH GHGXFH TXH HO DXWRU GH OD TXHMD FRPR PLQXVYiOLGR \ RSRVLWRU SRU HO WXUQR GH UHVHUYD GH PLQXVYiOLGRV SDUD OD RSRVLFLyQ GH SURIHVRUHV GH VHFXQGDULD VROLFLWD TXH DTXHOODV SOD]DV UHVHUYDGDV SDUD DVSLUDQWHV FRQ XQD GLVFDSDFLGDG GH JUDGR LJXDO R VXSHULRU DO GH PLQXVYDOtD \ TXH KD\DQ TXHGDGR GHVLHUWDV HQ GLFKRWXUQRQRSDVHQDOWXUQROLEUHVLHQGRILQDOPHQWHRFXSDGDVSRUSHUVRQDVTXH QRVXIUHQQLQJ~QWLSRGHGLVFDSDFLGDG (QHIHFWRHO5'GHGHIHEUHURSRUHOTXHVHDSUXHEDHO5HJODPHQWR GH LQJUHVR DFFHVRV \ DGTXLVLFLyQ GH QXHYDV HVSHFLDOLGDGHV HQ ORV FXHUSRV GRFHQWHV TXH LPSDUWHQ ODV HQVHxDQ]DV HVFRODUHV GHO VLVWHPD HGXFDWLYR \ HQ HO &XHUSRGH,QVSHFWRUHVGH(GXFDFLyQGLVSRQHHQVXDUWR ³,JXDOPHQWHODVFRQYRFDWRULDVSRGUiQGHWHUPLQDUORVVLJXLHQWHVH[WUHPRV D 4XH ODV SOD]DV GHVLHUWDV HQ ORV GLVWLQWRV WXUQRV \ VLVWHPDV GH DFFHVR GH FDGD FXHUSR XQD YH] FRQFOXLGRV VH DFXPXOHQ D ODV FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV DO LQJUHVR OLEUH HQGLFKRFXHUSR´ 'HPRGR TXHHOSUHFHSWRUHJODPHQWDULRGHMDDOFULWHULR\GLVFUHFLRQDOLGDGGHFDGD yUJDQRHOGHWHUPLQDUVLODVSOD]DVQRFXELHUWDVHQXQWXUQRDFUHFHQRQRDOOLEUH (VHYLGHQWH\VHJ~QVHGHVSUHQGHGHOLQIRUPHHVSHFLDOSUHVHQWDGRSRUHO'HIHQVRU GHO 3XHEOR $QGDOX] ³(O HPSOHR GH ODV SHUVRQDV FRQ GLVFDSDFLGDG HQ OD $GPLQLVWUDFLyQ´ TXH OD VLWXDFLyQ GH DFFHVR DO HPSOHR GH ODV SHUVRQDV FRQ GLVFDSDFLGDG UHIOHMD XQD DODUPDQWH GHVSURSRUFLyQ UHVSHFWR D OD SREODFLyQ VLQ GLVFDSDFLGDGDOVHUVXWDVDGHHPSOHRPX\LQIHULRUDODGHDTXpOODVVLHQGRSUHFLVR SDUD HOOR TXH ORV SRGHUHV S~EOLFRV DGRSWHQ PHGLGDV HILFDFHV GH IRPHQWR GHO DFFHVRDOHPSOHRGHHVWDVSHUVRQDVDVtFRPRYHODUSRUHOHIHFWLYRFXPSOLPLHQWR GH ODV QRUPDV VREUH WRGR HQ PDWHULD GH FXRWDV GH UHVHUYD GH SXHVWRV GH WUDEDMR TXHVHPDQLILHVWDFRPRODPHGLGDGHGLVFULPLQDFLyQSRVLWLYDPiVHIHFWLYDVLQTXH HOOR LPSOLTXH GHMDU GH H[LJLU D WRGRV ORV RSRVLWRUHV HO PtQLPR UHTXHULGR SDUD REWHQHUSOD]D\DTXHRWURPRGRVHHVWDUtDGHVYLUWXDQGRODGLVFULPLQDFLyQSRVLWLYD DOFROHFWLYRGHPLQXVYiOLGRV $GHPiVKHPRVGHFRQVLGHUDUTXHH[LVWHQLQGLFLRVTXHDFUHGLWDQTXHDGtDGHKR\ FRQ ODV QRUPDV YLJHQWHV FXSRV GH UHVHUYD DGDSWDFLRQHV \ PHGLRV SDUD OD UHDOL]DFLyQ GH ODV SUXHEDVHWF HQ OD SUiFWLFD VX HIHFWLYLGDG VLJXH VLHQGR SRFR VDWLVIDFWRULDWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDTXHHOSRUFHQWDMHUHDOPHQWHFXELHUWRGHSOD]DVQR DOFDQ]D DQXDOPHQWH QL VLTXLHUD HO VHJ~Q GDWRV GHO 5HDO 3DWURQDWR GH 3UHYHQFLyQ\$WHQFLyQD3HUVRQDVFRQ0LQXVYDOtD 3RUXOWLPRKHPRVGHGHMDUFRQVWDQFLDGHODGRFWULQDGHO7ULEXQDO&RQVWLWXFLRQDO HQ UHODFLyQ FRQ HO VLVWHPD GH FXSRV WXUQRV R UHVHUYDV SDUD SHUVRQDV GLVFDSDFLWDGDVVHJ~QODFXDOQRVRQGLVFULPLQDWRULRVODVSUXHEDVVHOHFWLYDVGHEHQ DGDSWDUVHSDUDTXHHODVSLUDQWHFRQGLVFDSDFLGDGSXHGDUHDOL]DUODVHQFRQGLFLRQHV GH LJXDOGDG \ GLFKD DGDSWDFLyQ QR VXSRQH HQ QLQJ~Q FDVR UHEDMDU HO QLYHO GH GLILFXOWDGGHODVSUXHEDVYJU6HQWHQFLDV)-\R 3RUHOORVLQDSUHFLDULQFXPSOLPLHQWRDOJXQRGHQRUPDVMXUtGLFDVOHVXJHULPRVD HVD $GPLQLVWUDFLyQ TXH ODV SOD]DV QR FXELHUWDV SRU HO WXUQR GH UHVHUYD SDUD PLQXVYiOLGRVQRVHDQDFXPXODGDVDOWXUQROLEUH \ TXHVHDQpVWDVLQFRUSRUDGDV DO WXUQR GH UHVHUYD HQ XQD QXHYD FRQYRFDWRULD JHQHUDO R HVSHFLILFD KDVWD TXH VH DOFDQFH HO GH SHUVRQDV FRQ PLQXVYDOtDV GHO WRWDO GH HIHFWLYRV GH HVD $GPLQLVWUDFLyQDVtFRPRTXHHVDVYDFDQWHVVHDQRIUHFLGDVWHPSRUDOPHQWHSDUDVX SURYLVLyQSRUHVWDVSHUVRQDVKDVWDVXSURYLVLyQUHJODPHQWDULD