DXPHQWRGH WHPSHUDWXUDV \FRQVHUYDFLµQGH DQILELRV HQ£UHDVGHPRQWD³D -DLPH%RVFK Q|HVSHFLHV HVSHFLHV HVSHFLHV QDWLYDV HQG«PLFDV DPHQD]DGDV (VSD³D PHGLDHXURSHD DQILELRV HQHVSD³D DQILELRV HQSHOLJUR HOGHODVHVSHFLHVGHDQILELRVGHOPXQGRHVW£QVHULDPHQWH DPHQD]DGDVRVHKDQH[WLQJXLGR\D DXQTXHODS«UGLGDGHK£ELWDWHVODSULQFLSDODPHQD]DODVHQIHUPHGDGHV HPHUJHQWHVVHKDQFRQYHUWLGRHQODDPHQD]DPDVSUHRFXSDQWH %GHOKRQJR DVHVLQR SDWµJHQRHPHUJHQWHEDMDHVSHFLILFLGDG\DOWDYLUXOHQFLDGHELGR DOFRPHUFLRLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHDQILELRV PRUWDOLGDGHVPDVLYDV\H[WLQFLRQHVGHSREODFLRQHV\HVSHFLHV !HVSHFLHVLQIHFWDGDVGHFOLYHGHXQDVHVSHFLHV HQIHUPHGDGFRQRFLGDPDVSHOLJURVDSDUDWRGRVORVYHUWHEUDGRV Q¼PHURGHHVSHFLHVVXVFHSWLEOHVSRWHQFLDOGHH[WLQFLµQ TXLWULGLRPLFRVLV\ WHPSHUDWXUD FUHFLPLHQWROHQWR FHVHGHOFUHFLPLHQWR \PXHUWH GHVDUUROOR |& VHGHVDUUROODHQWUH\|&GHWLHQHVXFUHFLPLHQWRD|&\ PXHUHWUDVXQDVHPDQDD!|& D!|&VHDFHOHUDODWDVDGHUHQRYDFLµQGHODVF«OXODV HSLG«UPLFDVLPSLGLHQGRTXHVHFRPSOHWHHOFLFORYLWDOGH%G GHFOLYHGHDQILELRVHQ SH³DODUD HQDSDUHFHQPLOHVGH HMHPSODUHVGHVDSRSDUWHURFRP¼Q UHFL«QPHWDPRUIRVHDGRVPXHUWRV HQVRORD³RVODHVSHFLH GHVDSDUHFHGHOGHODVFKDUFDV Q|GHODUYDV/DJXQDGH3£MDURV GRQGHODHVSHFLHSHUPDQHFHVX GHQVLGDGGHFUHFHGUDP£WLFDPHQWH %RVFKHWDO%LRO &RQVHUY FDOHQWDPLHQWRJOREDO\ SDWµJHQRV LQFUHPHQWRHQODVWDVDVGHGHVDUUROORR WUDQVPLVLµQGHSDWµJHQRV VXDYL]DGRGHODVUHVWULFFLRQHVGHOFLFORGHYLGD GHORVSDWµJHQRVGXUDQWHHOLQYLHUQR PRGLILFDFLµQGHODVXVFHSWLELOLGDGGHORV KRVSHGDGRUHV HOFDOHQWDPLHQWRJOREDOQRSDUHFHHQ SULQFLSLRIDYRUHFHUODTXLWULGLRPLFRVLVGDGRTXH HOKRQJRHVPX\VHQVLEOHDWHPSHUDWXUDVDOWDV +DUYHOO HWDO6FLHQFH SH³DODUD DQWHV\GHVSX«V DQDOL]DPRVYDULDEOHV FOLPDWROµJLFDVDQWHV\GHVSX«V XQDYH]HOLPLQDGDODYDULDFLµQ HVWDFLRQDOODVFRQGLFLRQHV DPELHQWDOHVGLILHUHQ ORVG¯DVFDOXURVRV\VROHDGRVVRQ PDVIUHFXHQWHVGHVGHTXHDSDUHFLµ ODHQIHUPHGDG 1 9 7 6 1 9 8 5 1 9 9 4 2 0 0 3 %RVFKHWDO3URF 56RF SH³DODUD DQWHV\GHVSX«V ODVPD\RUHVDQRPDO¯DVFOLP£WLFDVRFXUULHURQGHVSX«VGH \DOFDQ]DUVXP£[LPRHQ ORVPDSDVGHDQRPDO¯DVGHDOWXUDJHRSRWHQFLDOUHODFLRQDQ HVWDYDULDFLµQFRQOD2VFLODFLµQGHO$WO£QWLFR1RUWH %RVFKHWDO3URF 56RF WHPSHUDWXUDP£[LPD DQWHV\GHVSX«V GHVSX«V DQWHV %RVFKHWDO3URF 56RF 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 nº de larvas 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 nº de larvas TXLWULGLRPLFRVLV \ WHPSHUDWXUD 1800 1350 900 450 0 1800 1350 900 450 0 'RGGLQJWRQ%RVFKHWDO(FRORJ\ 1800 1350 1350 900 450 nº de larvas 1800 0 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 nº de larvas TXLWULGLRPLFRVLV \ WHPSHUDWXUD 900 450 0 'RGGLQJWRQ%RVFKHWDO(FRORJ\ TXLWULGLRPLFRVLV HQHVSD³D HOSDWUµQREVHUYDGRHQOD3HQ¯QVXOD,E«ULFDQRHV FRQVLVWHQWHFRQXQIUHQWHHSLG«PLFR QXHYDVFRQGLFLRQHVDPELHQWDOHVHVW£QPRGXODQGROD GLQ£PLFDSDWµJHQRKRVSHGDGRU :DONHU%RVFKHWDO(FRO /HWW PRQWD³DV HQHVSD³D GHVSX«VGH6XL]D(VSD³DHVHOSD¯VHXURSHRFRQ PD\RUDOWLWXGPHGLDP HOGHODVXSHUILFLHGH(VSD³DHVW£HQWUH\ P\HOSRUHQFLPDGHP FRQFOXVLµQ HOFDPELRFOLP£WLFRSRGU¯DHVWDUWUDQVIRUPDQGRORV ¼OWLPRVVDQWXDULRVGHORVDQILELRVHQXQDPELHQWH LGHDOSDUDHOGHVDUUROORGHODTXLWULGLRPLFRVLV JUDFLDV