Índice e introducción

Anuncio
/ROD&DOOHMyQ$FLpQ
1
© Lola Callejón Acién
(GLWD
'HS/HJDO
,6%1
,PSULPH
Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Medio Ambiente
GR-922/2004
84-96329-15-1
Proyecto Sur Industrias Gráficas, S.L.
C/. San Juan, 2. 18100-Armilla (Granada).
www.proyectosur.com
industriagrafica@proyectosur.com
Telf./Fax: 958 573 743
2
$PLVSDGUHV
4XH\DQRHVWiQ
$*5$'(&,0,(1726
(VWHOLEURQRKXELHUDVLGRSRVLEOHVLQODVDSRUWDFLRQHVGHORV
DOXPQRV\DOXPQDVGHOFXUVR´0RQLWRUDGH(GXFDFLyQ
$PELHQWDOµLPSDUWLGRHQHO&HQWURGH)32´&DUWXMDµGH
*UDQDGD1LWDPSRFRVLQODVFRUUHFFLRQHV\VXJHUHQFLDVGH
0ÉQJHOHVHODSR\RGH&ULVWLQD\ODD\XGDGH3HSH$
WRGRVHOORVPLPDVVLQFHURDJUDGHFLPLHQWR
/2/$&$//(-Ð1$&,e1
3
´3RUHQFLPDGHOGHVDUUROORVRVWHQLGRPHLQFOLQR
SRUXQDYLGDVRVWHQLGDIUHQWHDGRPHVWLFDFLyQ
LQGHSHQGHQFLDGHODYLGD\IUHQWHDODSHWLWR
GHVDIRUDGR\YHOR]GHGHVDUUROORVRVLHJRµ
-RDTXtQ$UDXMR
´/DQDWXUDOH]DGHOD1DWXUDOH]DHVDFWLYLGDG\
GLYHUVLGDG3DNULWL'LRVD0DGUH3ULPRUGLDOHQOD
FRVPRORJtDLQGLDYLYHHQODSLHGUDRHQHOiUEROHQ
ODODJXQDHQORVIUXWRVRHQHODQLPDO\VHLGHQWLILFD
FRQHOORVµ
9DQGDQD6KLYD
4
Ì1',&(
&DStWXOR,8WLOL]DQGRHOPDSDHQQXHVWUDFLXGDGRSXHEOR
&DOFXODPRVODVFRRUGHQDGDVGHXQSXQWRFXDOTXLHUDGHOPDSD &RRUGHQDGDV*HRJUiILFDV &RRUGHQDGDV870 'LEXMDPRVHOSHUILOGHXQLWLQHUDULRRWUD\HFWR\FDOFXODPRVSHQGLHQWHV\GLVWDQFLDVGH
UHFRUULGR /HYDQWDPRVHOSHUILO &DOFXODPRVSHQGLHQWHV\GLVWDQFLDUHDOGHXQLWLQHUDULR ,QWHUSUHWDPRV\DQDOL]DPRVXQDKRMDGHOPDSDWRSRJUiILFR´(OSDLVDMHGHSDSHOµ 2ULHQWiQGRQRV 6LQPDSDFRQDOJXQRVVLJQRVQDWXUDOHV D(OVRO
E/DVHVWUHOODV
F/DOXQD
G/DYHJHWDFLyQ HORVDQLPDOHV &RQHOPDSD\ODEU~MXOD D2ULHQWDPRVHOPDSD E&DOFXODPRVODGHFOLQDFLyQPDJQpWLFD F(VWDEOHFHPRV$]LPXW5XPER\'LUHFFLyQGHPDUFKD G1RVVLWXDPRVHQHOPDSD &RQVWUXLPRVXQDPDTXHWDGHOOXJDUGRQGHKDELWDPRV
$1(;26 &DStWXOR,,8VDQGRODVSODQWDVGHQXHVWURHQWRUQR
/DVSODQWDVQRVDFRPSDxDQ
&RQVHUYDPRV
D3UHQVDPRVPRQWDPRVHOKHUEDULR
E6HFDPRVFRQJOLFHULQD
F6HFDPRVFRQJHOGHVtOLFH
G6HFDPRVFRQERUDWREyUD[
H2WUDVIRUPDVGHVHFDGR
I&RORUHDPRV &RPSUREDPRVODFDSDFLGDGWLQWyUHDGHDOJXQDVSODQWDV D/DVSODQWDVSRVHHQSLJPHQWRVTXHWLxHQ8QHMHPSORORVOtTXHQHV E7HxLPRVODODQDFRQSODQWDVGHOHQWRUQR
E7HxLPRVFRQUDLFHVVHFDVGH$ONDQQDWLQFWRULD E7HxLPRVFRQSpWDORVGHDPDSROD E7HxLPRVFRQORVWDOORV\KRMDVGHOD]DQDKRULD
F(ODERUDPRVXQWLQWHSDUDHOFDEHOOR /DVSODQWDVQRVFXUDQ 3UHSDUDPRVQXHVWURVSURSLRVUHPHGLRV D$OFRKROGHURPHUR
E3URWHFWRUODELDO F(PSODVWRSDUDORVGRORUHVOXPEDUHV G'HQWtIULFRFLFDWUL]DQWHGHHQFtDV
H3RPDGDSDUDODLQIODPDFLyQGHSiUSDGRV I/RFLyQSDUDWUDWDUHODFQp
J%DxRVWRQLILFDQWHVGHSODQWDVDURPiWLFDV 5
(ODERUDPRVOLFRUHVFDVHURV D5LVRO E$JXDUGLHQWHGHWRPLOOR
F/LFRUGHUXGD G/LFRUGHPHMRUDQD H/LFRUGHPHPEULOOR I$JXDGHODVFDUPHOLWDV
/DVSODQWDVQRVHPEHOOHFHQ
([WUDHPRVDFHLWHVHVHQFLDOHVVHJ~QPpWRGRWUDGLFLRQDO
'LVHxDPRVSHUIXPHV D3HUIXPHGH7RLOHWWH
E$JXDGH7RLOHWWH F$JXDGH&RORQLD G&RORQLD,QIDQWLO
)DEULFDPRVRWURVSURGXFWRVGHFRVPpWLFDQDWXUDO D$JXDGHURVDV
E/RFLyQGHKLHUEDVSDUDHODIHLWDGR
F0DVFDULOODGHDYHQDSDUDHOFXWLVVXDYL]DQWH G0DVFDULOODGHKXHYRVSHSLQROLPyQ\PHQWDSLHOHVJUDVDV H&UHPDGHD]DKDU\DFHLWHVGHROLYDDOEDULFRTXH\DOPHQGUDVSLHOHVVHFDV I0DVFDULOODGH\RJXUWJHUPHQGHWULJRURVDVDFHLWHGHROLYD\DFHLWHGHDOPHQGUDV
QXWULWLYD\UHODMDQWH J0DVFDULOODGH\RJXUWSDUDODOLPSLH]DGHOFXWLV K3UHSDUDGRGHDFHLWHVSDUDHFFHPDVHERUUHLFRVRULDVLV L&UHPDFRQWRUQRGHRMRV M&UHPDGHDFHLWHGHFRFRPDQFKDVGHVRO N&UHPDSURWHFWRUD\EURQFHDGRUD O&UHPDSDUDPDQRV P6DOHVSDUDHOEDxR
&RQODVSODQWDVSDUWLFLSDPRV(OYLYHURGHVHPLOODDXWyFWRQD
/DVSODQWDVQRVDOLPHQWDQ )HUPHQWDFLRQHV D(ODERUDPRV\RJXUW
E(ODERUDPRVTXHVR &RQVHUYDPRVORVDOLPHQWRV D0HUPHODGDGHPRUDV E0HUPHODGDGHFKXPERV
F&DUQHGHPHPEULOORGHQDUDQMDV
G+LJRVHQDOPtEDU
$1(;26 &DStWXOR,,,3ODQWHiQGRQRVHOFRQVXPR\UHFLFODQGRQXHVWURVSURSLRVUHVLGXRV
'HVHQPDVFDUDPRVODSXEOLFLGDG'LVHxDPRVFRQWUDSXEOLFLGDG 5HGXFLPRVQXHVWUDVHPLVLRQHVGH&2 D&DOFXODPRVOD'HXGD(FROyJLFDGH&2 E(ODERUDPRVQXHVWUDGLHWDGHO&2 7UDQVIRUPDPRVHODFHLWHXVDGRKDFHPRVGLVWLQWRVWLSRVGHMDERQHVVHJ~QUHFHWDVGHQXHVWUDV
PDGUHV\DEXHODV D)yUPXODEDVHSDUDMDEyQHQIUtR E-DEyQSDUDODYDGRUD
F-DEyQHIHFWREODQTXHDGRU G-DERQHVSDUDODSLHODO$ORH9HUDDODDUFLOODGHJOLFHULQD H-DEyQGHJUDVDDQLPDO\OHMtD
I-DERQHVOtTXLGRV 6
'DPRVDOWHUQDWLYDVFRQRWURVSURGXFWRVFDVHURVQRFRQWDPLQDQWHV D$QWLSROLOODVGHODYDQGD E3XOLPHQWRSDUDPXHEOHVGHPDGHUD F$PELHQWDGRUHV G&UHPDSDUDOLPSLDUHOPiUPRO H5HPHGLRVFRQWUDODVKRUPLJDV /HVHJXLPRVODSLVWDDORVSOiVWLFRV ,QYHVWLJDPRVODVSLODV (OSRWHQFLDOGHODPDWHULDRUJiQLFDHODERUDPRVFRPSRVW 5HLQYHQWDPRVHOSDSHO +DFHPRVSDSHO D&RQSDSHOXVDGR E&RQKRMDVGHSODQWDV\RWUDSRVYLHMRV (VWDPSDPRVQXHVWURSDSHOUHFLFODGR (QFXDGHUQDPRV 7UDQVIRUPDPRVHOFDUWyQ D&RQVWUXLPRVFDUSHWDVFRQFDUWyQXVDGR
E'LVHxDPRVSRUWDOiSLFHV $QDOL]DPRVQXHVWUDEROVDGHEDVXUD $1(;26 &DStWXOR,9'HVFXEULHQGRHOPHGLRDWUDYpVGHORVVHQWLGRV
,WLQHUDULRVLQWHUSUHWDWLYRV
'HVFXEULHQGRODFRPSOHMLGDGGHOPHGLRXUEDQR ´(OHFRVLVWHPDFLXGDGµ,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRUHOFHQWURGH*UDQDGD ,QWHUSUHWDQGRODVLQJXODULGDGGHOSDLVDMHXUEDQR(ODJXDFRPRSDWULPRQLRKLVWyULFRHQOD
FLXGDGPXVXOPDQD,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRU*UDQDGD 'HVFXEULPRVODYHJHWDFLyQGHQXHVWUDFLXGDG,WLQHUDULRDXWRJXLDGRSRUHO-DUGtQ%RWiQLFR
GHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH*UDQDGD ´(OSRHWDKDELWDHQODYHJD/RUFD\HOSDLVDMHµ,WLQHUDULRDXWRJXLDGR 'HVFXEULPRVODQDWXUDOH]DFHUFDQDQXHVWURVHVSDFLRVSURWHJLGRV ´8QDFDPLQDWD\GRVPLFURH[FXUVLRQHVµ,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRUHO3DUTXH3HULXUEDQRGHOD
'HKHVDGHO*HQHUDOLIH\OD)XHQWHGHO$YHOODQR ´9DORUDPRVQXHVWURVKXPHGDOHVµ,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRUOD/DJXQDGHO3DGXO ´'HVFXEULHQGR6LHUUD1HYDGDDWUDYpVGHORVVHQWLGRVµ,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRUHO3DUTXH
1DWXUDO1DFLRQDOGH6LHUUD1HYDGD 0RQWHIULRXQSDVHRDWUDYpVGHOWLHPSR\ORVVHQWLGRV,WLQHUDULRJXLDGRSRUHOHQWRUQRGHOD
3HxDGHORV*LWDQRV%LHQGH,QWHUpV&XOWXUDO²%,& $1(;26 &DStWXOR9(VWXGLDQGRXQHFRVLVWHPD´(OERVTXHULSDULRµ
$QiOLVLVSUHYLR'HVFULSFLyQGHOHFRVLVWHPD D 8ELFDFLyQHQHOPDSDGHOOXJDUGHHVWXGLRORFDOL]DFLyQJHRJUiILFD\FRRUGHQDGDV
'HOLPLWDFLyQ\GLPHQVLRQHVRULHQWDFLyQOtPLWHVDOWLWXGWRSRJUDItD\UHOLHYHOLWRORJtD
KLGURJUDItDYHJHWDFLyQGRPLQDQWH E &OLPDJHQHUDO7PHGLDSOXYLRVLGDG (VWXGLRGHO%LRWRSR D (VWXGLRGHORVIDFWRUHVHGiILFRV3DUiPHWURVItVLFRTXtPLFRVGHOVXHOR E &DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODJXDHVWXGLRGHSDUiPHWURVItVLFRTXtPLFRV&iOFXORGHOÌQGLFH%LyWLFR
\FDOLGDGGHODJXD 'HVFULSFLyQGHODELRFHQRVLV
D (VWXGLRGHORVHVWUDWRVGHOERVTXHDUEyUHRDUEXVWLYRKHUEiFHR\PXVFLQDO$EXQGDQFLD\
GLYHUVLGDG 7
E (VWXGLRGHODIDXQDGHODJXDUDVWUHRGHKXHOODVKRMDUDVFDDYLIDXQD$GDSWDFLRQHV F 'LQiPLFDGHOHFRVLVWHPD%LRFHQRVLVUHDO\SRWHQFLDO5HGHVWUyILFDV*UDGRGHHYROXFLyQ
GHOHFRVLVWHPD G (VWXGLRGHOD+LVWRULD\HO3DLVDMH 2EWHQHPRVFRQFOXVLRQHV+DFHPRVSURSXHVWDVGHPHMRUD\SODQWHDPRVXQLWLQHUDULRHQHO
HQWRUQRHVWXGLDGR $1(;26 &DStWXOR9,'HEDWLHQGRWHPDVGHDFWXDOLGDGGHODPDQRGHOMXHJR\ORVDXGLRYLVXDOHV
´/DPDQLSXODFLyQJHQpWLFD\ODVSDWHQWHVµ(OMXHJRGHORVSHULRGLVWDV ´(ODJXD¢UHFXUVR"¢SDWULPRQLR"µ-XHJRGHVLPXODFLyQ ´/RVGLVUXSWRUHVKRUPRQDOHVµ0HVDGHH[SHUWRV (ODERUDPRVXQFyPLF´9LYDQORVDQLPDOHVµ (OGLDSRUDPDFRPRUHFXUVRPRWLYDGRU´(OFLHORGHQXHVWUDFLXGDGµ /DFiPDUDGHYtGHRFRPRYHQWDQDDOH[WHULRU9DORUHVQDWXUDOHVGH$QGDOXFtDµYtGHR
LQWHUSUHWDWLYR $1(;26 8
'(6&8%5,(1'2(/(172512,10(',$72
$FWLYLGDGHVGH(GXFDFLyQ$PELHQWDOSDUD$GXOWRV
,QWURGXFFLyQ
(VWDJXtDSUHWHQGHVHUXQDKHUUDPLHQWD~WLOSDUDGHVDUUROODUH[SHULHQFLDVGH
(GXFDFLyQ$PELHQWDOHQHOHQWRUQRFHUFDQR6XHQIRTXHHVHPLQHQWHPHQWHSUiFWLFR
/RVFRQWHQLGRV\WDOOHUHVDTXtSODQWHDGRVKDQVLGRUHDOL]DGRVGXUDQWHDxRVSRUDOXPQRV
\DOXPQDVGHIRUPDFLyQQRUHJODGDHQVXPD\RUtDSURFHGHQWHVGHOiPELWRXQLYHUVLWDULR
DOJXQRVFRQFLHUWDH[SHULHQFLDODERUDOHQJUDQMDVHVFXHODRDXODVGHODQDWXUDOH]D7RGR
HVWHEDJDMHKDSHUPLWLGRLUFRQVROLGDQGRDFWLYLGDGHVFRQSHUVRQDVDGXOWDVDMXVWDQGRVX
SODQWHDPLHQWRPHWRGROyJLFR\GDUOHVXQHQIRTXHDPSOLRIOH[LEOHVXVFHSWLEOHGHVHU
DGDSWDGRDGLVWLQWDVHGDGHV\QLYHOHV
$VtPLVPRVHDSRUWDQYDULDVH[SHULHQFLDVQRYHGRVDVTXHHFKDPRVHQIDOWDHQORV
PDQXDOHVH[LVWHQWHV(VHOFDVRGHSURIXQGL]DUHQHOHQWRUQRPHGLDQWHHOPDSD
FRRUGHQDGDVSHUILOHVWRSRJUiILFRVFiOFXORGHGLVWDQFLDVUHDOHVGHXQLWLQHUDULR
HODERUDFLyQGHPDTXHWDVRULHQWDFLyQLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORV´SDLVDMHVGHSDSHOµIDEULFDU
QXHVWURVSURSLRVSHUIXPHVSUHSDUDUPXOWLWXGGHUHPHGLRVFDVHURVFRQODVSODQWDVXWLOL]DU
ORVVHQWLGRVSDUD´DSUHQGHUµ\H[SORUDUORTXHQRVURGHDRH[SHULPHQWDUGHEDWLUFRQHO
MXHJR\ORVDXGLRYLVXDOHV*UDQSDUWHGHODVH[SHULHQFLDVVRQSRVLEOHVWUDVUHVFDWDU
GXUDQWHDxRVUHFHWDVGHGLVWLQWRVOXJDUHVGH$QGDOXFtDHVHOFDVRGHODHODERUDFLyQGH
MDERQHVHOWDOOHUGHSODQWDVWLQWyUHDVORVUHPHGLRVFXUDWLYRVRODSUHSDUDFLyQGHOLFRUHV
FDVHURVHQWUHRWUDV
/DSURSXHVWDPHWRGROyJLFDLPSOtFLWDHQWRGDODJXtDHVWiEDVDGDHQHOGHVFXEULPLHQWR
GHOKiELWDWFHUFDQRDWUDYpVGHODH[SHULPHQWDFLyQFRQWHQLHQGRXQIXHUWHFDUiFWHU
LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDUFRPRORGHPXHVWUDQODYDULHGDGGHWHPDVTXHVHDERUGDQ´$SUHQGHU
KDFLHQGRµHVHOSXQWRGHSDUWLGDSDUDKDFHUXQDSUHQGL]DMHVLJQLILFDWLYRTXHSHUPLWDD
FDGDSHUVRQDSRQHUHQMXHJRVXVFRQRFLPLHQWRVSUHYLRV\VXUHODFLyQtQWLPDFRQHOHQWRUQR
GHVDUUROODQGRHOFDPSRGHODSHUFHSFLyQ\GHORVVHQWLGRV(QFDGDDFWLYLGDGHVSRVLEOHHO
WUDEDMRHQJUXSRTXHUHFRMDODH[SHULHQFLD\ODWUD\HFWRULDGHODJHQWHTXHODGHVDUUROOD
6HKX\HSRUWDQWRGHXQDPHWRGRORJtDFOiVLFDFHQWUDGDEiVLFDPHQWHHQORV´GDWRVµ
HQODPHUDLQIRUPDFLyQVREUHORVSUREOHPDVDPELHQWDOHV3UHWHQGHPRVHQWRGRFDVRSDUWLU
GHODLQIRUPDFLyQ\ORVGDWRVSDUDOOHJDUDXQDLPSOLFDFLyQSDUD´GLVIUXWDUKDFLHQGRµDO
PLVPRWLHPSRTXHFDPELDPRVYDORUHV\SURSRQHPRVVROXFLRQHV
$VtORVREMHWLYRV~OWLPRVGHODVDFWLYLGDGHVVHUtDQDSUHFLDUTXHUHU\GHIHQGHU
QXHVWURHQWRUQRGHVDUUROODQGRDFWLWXGHVPiVFUtWLFDV\PiVSDUWLFLSDWLYDVIUHQWHDORV
SUREOHPDVTXHORDFHFKDQ1RVyORVHSODQWHDQREMHWLYRVGHFRQRFLPLHQWRORVREMHWLYRV
9
DIHFWLYRVFRQILJXUDQHOGLVHxRGHORVFRQWHQLGRV\HVWiQSUHVHQWHVGHPDQHUDLPSRUWDQWH
HQODVH[SHULHQFLDVDGHVDUUROODU
(QFDGDFDStWXORVHKDQLQFOXLGRXQRV&217(1,'26DFWLYLGDGHV\XQD-867,),&$&,Ð1
3DUDFDGDDFWLYLGDGHOGLVHxRSURSXHVWRHVHOVLJXLHQWH
2EMHWLYRV
&RQRFLPLHQWRVSUHYLRV
0DWHULDOHVQHFHVDULRV
,QWURGXFFLyQ
'HVDUUROOR
2EVHUYDFLRQHV
&DGDXQDGHODVH[SHULHQFLDVSODQWHDGDVSXHGHQGDURULJHQDVXYH]DRWUDVHULHGH
DFWLYLGDGHVUHODFLRQDGDV$GHPiVVHSXHGHQLQVHUWDUHQGLYHUVRVGLVHxRVFXUULFXODUHV
DGDSWiQGRODVVHJ~QORVREMHWLYRV\FRQWHQLGRVDFXPSOLU
3RU~OWLPRFRPHQWDUTXHPXFKRVGHORVFRQWHQLGRVHVWiQUHIHULGRVHQVXPD\RUtDD
*UDQDGD\DOUHGHGRUHVSRUVHUpVWDFLXGDGGRQGHVHKDQH[SHULPHQWDGRSHURODVLGHDV
SXHGHQVHUOOHYDGDVDRWURVHQWRUQRV\VHUUHPRGHODGDVSDUDRWURVHVFHQDULRV
/DDXWRUD
10
Descargar